Ukadaulo wa nyumba zophatikizira kuchokera ku matabwa osata popanda zitsulo zokutira pazitsanzo zomanga nyumba ziwiri zomwe zili ndi 300 m2
Matabwa ophatikizika, posachedwapa pamsika womanga nyumba, unatha kupambana kutchuka kwambiri. Zinthu zatsopanozi zabweretsa ndi inu komanso zovuta pantchito zogwirizanitsidwa ndi makoma okhazikika azitsulo. Kodi sikulakwa kupewa mavutowa?
Kupanga nyumba kuchokera ku matabwa otalika ndi njira yosavuta komanso yofulumira, chifukwa tsatanetsatane wake amapangidwa m'malo opangira, pomwe amadula molingana ndi "makapu", motero Mipiringidzo imakhala mosavuta komanso yolumikizidwa mwachangu kwa wina ndi mnzake.
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1. Magawo omalizidwa kwathunthu adabwera pamalo omanga, palinso zomangira pansi pa mipiringidzo ya cudd yofunika kukhazikitsa mawindo.
2. Mukasungidwa pansi pa filimuyi, matabwawo adathandizidwa ndi mawonekedwe akuti "mikout".
3. Kuphulika m'makonawo kunaphatikizidwa ndi ngodya zachitsulo komanso zojambula zodzikongoletsera, adazikidwa mu polbrus m'litali.
4. Kupanga kulumikizana kosawerengeka kwa mipiringidzo, malo apamwamba adayikidwa ndi polypropylene yokhazikika ndi makulidwe a 3mm, ndikuwakonza ndi stapler.
. Patali pa msonkhano wonse wa nyumbayo potulutsa, pogwiritsa ntchito wochititsa (5), mabowo amawuthamangitsa pomwe ma studic omwe adatambalala.
7.the lalikulu lalikulu la Brazd (30mmm) lidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zovala zotsekera (30mm), adazikika (pang'ono ophatikizidwa) pasadakhale otsegulira 1-12,5m.
8. Nyengo ya Autoising Autumn adakakamiza omangawo kuti afulumire: Kuyambira pa msonkhano wa "Sirbau" udadutsa masiku 5 okha, ndipo adakhazikitsa kale makoma okwanira pansi.
Kukoka-kufa
Maukadaulo a zomanga (moyenerera, msonkhano) wa malinga ochokera ku bar wowondapo pali malo abwino kwambiri. Kuposa kungoperekedwa kuti mulumikizane ndi ma bar modekha - Kuchokera "Kuchedwa" (zomata zamitu kale) zomwe zidawoneka m'matumba a chitsulo. Ma studio omangika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti agwiritse ntchito, amaikidwa kudzera m'mabowo omwe amawomba m'khola lililonse 1,5m (panjira, limachulukitsa mtengo wa zomanga: Mtengo wa spuble - 400-1000 ). Koma ngakhale momwemonso kulibe mgwirizano: ena amaperekedwa kuti akakankha ndi ma studis nthawi yomweyo khoma lonse pamwamba pa donomis, ena amakonda kukopa bala lililonse payekha ndi masher ndi mtedza (). ISV ndi izi zimapangitsa kuti magetsi a Brusev, choyamba, amapangitsa nyumbayo kukhala yolimba kwambiri, ndipo chachiwiri, limayang'anira zochepa, zimachepetsa.
Komabe, njirayi ili ndi otsutsa omwe ali ndi mwayi wawo pazitsulo, zomwe zimayikidwa m'makoma, kuteteza malo okhala mochenjera, pomwepo padzakhala kutsutsana kubweretsanso madzi m'mabowo. Ponena za shrinkage, mutha kuchepetsa gawo lake. Ana shrinkage chifukwa choyanitsa mawuwo sichokhudza konse.
Chiwembu cha maziko abwino
2. OGangedwa ndi zigawo zazikulu za 150mm
3. Black PVC
4.Papopolist 50mm
5.Penopolopol
6. Pulogalamu ya Monolithic
7. Khazika
8.Ndiyo (Bias 5%)
Chifukwa cha chilungamo, ziyenera kudziwika kuti omanga ena samagwiritsa ntchito zofulumiza zonse konse, ndipo nyumbayo imangogwiritsa ntchito "makapu", mabatani ndi spikes ndi spikes. Izi ndi zowonjezereka.
Tinkachita kafukufuku wa akatswiri pamutuwu: "Kodi malo ogwidwa ndi glued adachokera kuti?" Zotsatira zake, ma hyposes awiri adasainidwa. Loyamba: Tekinoloje idakopeka ndi nyumba ya ku Finland. M'malingaliro athu, ndizokayikitsa, chifukwa mafinni amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi ma studio zokha. Chachiwiri: adapanga akatswiri ake apakhomo kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha chitukuko cha mitengo yawo yodzaza ndi matabwa - zida zapadera zokuwuma, komanso zochulukirapo. Chabwino, mwina tingasonkhanitse bwanji mipiringidzo limodzi? Mangitsani zokha, komanso khoma lonse! Chabwino, owoneka bwino.
Sizingatengere mafilimu otsimikizika a ukadaulo wodulira nkhuni, potero ndikubweretsa kugwiritsa ntchito ziboda zachitsulo kuti zikhale zochepa. Pomanga Lapland House (Russia) paukadaulo wotere ndipo anena nkhaniyi.
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9. Woyamba kufikitsa pansi pake pamatanda opangidwa ndi matabwa apafupi. Pakatikati pa nyumbayo ndikuwachirikiza "zipilala" zapamwamba "zomwe zimasonkhana kuchokera pazigawo za matabwa owombera osagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo.
10. Poika maziko a pansi pa mtanda woyamba ndi gawo la 20060mm, adayikidwa m'mphepete mwa nthawi yolumikizidwa ndi 3050mm, kenako ndikukhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo.
11. Tsamba lanyumba la denga lidayikidwa mu 600mm. Kuneneratu kapangidwe kake kowuma, malo opangidwa ndi gawo lomwelo monga mitengo idakhazikitsidwa pakati pawo. Malo awo opezeka mkati mwa 600-1200mm: Zomwe iye ndi wocheperako, zomangamanga. Pansi kuchokera ku plywood 24mm makulidwe amaliza chida.
12.Fons of the intuctic pansi - Samstyle (momveka bwino, kudzithandiza): Amapangidwa kuchokera ku bar ngati kupitiliza kwa khoma lapansi pansi.
13. Chowonadi cha madetiwo adapanga mbalameyi yomwe idapangidwa: m'kufika kwa "nyumba" yokulirapo, pang'onopang'ono ikuwonjezera kumasulidwa kwa bar. Njira iyi sigwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pokongoletsera, imakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera gawo la kuthandizidwa ndi skate ndikuchotsa padenga.
14. Madambo akunja adaphatikizidwa ndi kuthamanga katatu kuchokera ku matabwa a coutheve. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa othandiza kumakhala kwamphamvu kwambiri makamaka, komwe kumawerengedwa ndi kuwerengera kwa mphamvu.
Kapangidwe kambiri kopangidwa kuchokera ku bar la 20060mm. Chifukwa kukhazikitsa kwake pa ski kumayendetsedwa, malowo adayikidwa, pomwe zomangira zidaphatikizidwa. Miyendo yopukutira idayesedwa pothamanga.
16. Misampha ya ma rafts a ku Shirnans akhoza kukwezedwa kunja, ku mitsempha yapamwamba ya makoma, adalumikizidwa kuti asunthe, kugwiritsa ntchito "ma curs" opangidwa kuchokera ku strip 2mmm.
Timamanga maziko
Zonsezi zidayamba ndikuti nyumba yamtsogolo idapangidwa pogona (kuthilira madzi, zonyansa, magetsi).
Maziko a nyumbayo ndi mtundu wobereka bwino. Pachipangizo chake, pansi pa khoma lamtsogolo ndi lamkati, matanthwe akuya masentimita 90, pansi pomwe adagunda pilo lamchenga wokhala ndi 25cm. Pafupifupi ma ngalande, mawonekedwe a matabwa adayikidwa, komanso riboni wamtsogolo kuchokera kumbali yoyang'ana nyumbayo, mbale za polystyrene zidathana. Kenako chimango chidapangidwa kuchokera ku zolimbitsa ndi 12 mm ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito simenti ya M300, matepi a 300mm athhumba (kutalika kwa pansi ndi magawo apansi pa pansi - 500-600mm). Nthawi yomweyo, nkhani zolimbikitsira zidatsalira pamwamba pa matepi, omwe pambuyo pake adamanga chimango cha mbale ya Monolithic.
Zinapangidwa monga choncho. Choyamba, malo pakati pa nthitiyo adakutidwa ndi dothi, kenako mchenga wosanjikiza 300mm (ndi wina ndi zina). Pamwamba pa mchenga adayika osanjikiza madzi ndi zigawo ziwiri za mbale ya polystyrene chithovu. Pambuyo pake, gulu lolimbikitsidwa pamsewu lidayikidwa (waya-6mm, kukula kwa maselo - 150150mm) ndi kuchokera ku Chrolith Colrete mbale ndi makulidwe a 120mm. Mukathira konkriti kuzungulira makoma amtsogolo "kudulidwa" kudula kwa alumbi ndi konkriti pamtunda wa 37 mm, yomwe imadumphira pamwamba pa mbale ), zomwe pambuyo pake zidalumikiza bar.
Pambuyo pake, "chakudya cham'mawa cham'mawa cham'mawa chinatsanulidwa. Tekinoloje ya chilengedwe chake ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi njira yopangira mbale yomwe yafotokozedwayo, ndikusiyana kokha ndikupanga makulidwe omwe makulidwe a polystyrene.
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17-18. Ma proption ndi omanga adapereka msonkho osati kokha miyambo yachikale, komanso matekinoloje amakono: nyumbayo imavekedwa ndi denga lotentha.
19-20. Kulekanitsidwa kwamagetsi kunagwiritsidwa ntchito chingwe cha ny chomwe chimayikidwa mu chitoliro chosungira (19). Iyo idayikidwa m'mawu ndi pansi, komanso pa konkriti yopitilira (20).
21. Pofuna kuti mwini wakeyo akhale m'zipinda zambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a chitsulo, ndi mivi, yotentha. Mapaipi adayikidwa pa mbale zapadera za foil polystyrene chithovu cha 50mmm ndi mabakiti ophatikizika.
22. Okhometsa malo (zisa) ofunda adayikidwa mu nduna zapadera za oumbanda ndi chivindikiro chochotseka, chopangidwa ndi chitsulo cholumikizidwa choyera.
23. Mu denga lamadzi otentha madzi, komanso kupereka zozizira kukhoma, mapapu apulasitiki fusithetherm (Aheatherm) adagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zidasinthidwa. Pambuyo pake ndi kabichi wamagetsi amabisa mokweza simenti.
24-25. "Mtima" wotentha ndi magetsi amadziwo anali m'masitolo awiri a Magersersaunier (24), "kutulutsa" komwe khoma la nyumbayo (25) linachotsedwa. Boilers akugwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana: imodzi imasungidwa nthawi zonse.
Timatola makhoma
Pamwamba pa konkriti pamphepete mwa makoma amtsogolo, matepi othinana adayikidwa pamphepete mwa magawo awiri), ndipo pakuwombera ndi larch ndipo amapangika ndi chisamaliro chamoto), chimagwirizanitsa kwa ngodya.
Zambiri za nyumbayo zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku Kingkerk pine pine (za njira yopanga bala yopukutira.
"IVD", 2007, No. 5) pa chomera cha Irkutsk cha ZBBC "(Russia) malinga ndi pulojekiti yotumizidwa kumeneko. Pazosankha za gulu lankhondoli, nthawi iyi nthawi iyi idapangidwa ndi zinthu ziwiri. Choyamba, Irkutsk ndilawuma kwambiri komanso cholimba kuposa pine kuchokera ku thembere lapakati, limakonzedwa bwino, ndipo madzi amatenga zochepa. Kachiwiri, fakitale yosankhidwa ndi yatsopanoyo, motero mwayi wowoneka bwino, chifukwa chake matekinoloje omwe amaperekedwa ndi zida zachilendo, kuwuma ndi mpweya kumalemekezedwa kwathunthu, kutalika kwambiri. Kuwerengera ndiko ndendende izi, malinga ndi mwini wakeyo, wolungamitsidwa kwathunthu.Pa malo omangawo sanawononge ndalama popanda kuwononga. The Bar, ibweretsedwa ndi maziko, idakulungidwa pa mapiritsi mu stack ndikuphimbidwa ndi mvula ndi filimu ya pulasitiki. Iyo inali cholakwika. Kutentha kwa chilimwe kudapangitsa kuti dothi lizikhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu, ndipo pamtunda wopingasa zidakhala zakuda (malinga ndi akatswiri, koyambirira kwa njirayi, nyengo zina, nthawi zina nthawi zina pamakhala masiku atatu, Wood amatha kutembenukira kwathunthu). Chifukwa chake, mwachilengedwe, kunali kofunikira kuchitira zonyansa zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi gawo la "lakuda".
Tsopano ponena za kusinthika ndi ukadaulo wa mipiringidzo. Ili ndi gawo la 210165mm. Kuyang'ana kumbali kunachotsedwa pa ndege yapamwamba kwambiri ndi mitengo iwiri yakuya kwa 15mm, yomwe idapanga mapangidwe atatu ooneka ngati mphero adachotsedwa. Pa ndege yapansi, mbali yakuthwa imasiyidwa ndipo mitengo itatu imapindula kwambiri: Mukayika malo ena awiri ozungulira pansi amaphatikizidwa ndi zoyambira. Nthawi yomweyo, m'mphepete mwa nyanja zimakhazikitsidwa pamadera a mafupa a bar, kutsimikiza kulibe.
Kuyambira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zopindika zopindika anakana; Kupatula kunali ma studio omaliza omaliza mumitundu yakunja ya bala khonde-deta ya data ndi kutali kwambiri kwa nyumba ya "yofunda" ya nyumbayo, ndiye kuti palibe.
Kwa zopindika za mipiringidzo, lalikulu lidagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gawo la 822mm ndi kutalika kwa 250m- iwonso amangotsika mu dzenje lobowoka mu bar nthawi ya chitsamba. Malo omwe amatenthedwa ndi chikhalidwe cha chimbudzi: m'maukonde - mu checker, sitepe imodzi - 1-1,5m.
Polyppoplene foam Polypropylene adagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Makamaka omangawo adalipira kuti asiye malekezero a bar. Chifukwa chiyani? Kudzera pamapeto mu nkhuni kuti chinyezi chinyezi chimalowa, ndipo ngati sichikonzedwa, chimasweka. Omanga ambiri pamankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito guluu. Koma eni ake adaganiza kuti sasunga kupulumutsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito acrylic sealans ackens (Netherlands).
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26. Opangidwa kuchokera ku Drivewall, magetsi osafunikira amasuntha "malo okhazikika".
27-28.erker adachita maluso aluso. Pambuyo kukhazikitsa mawindo ake, kugwiritsa ntchito zopangidwa ndi kampani yotsekemera, yomwe yatulutsidwa, kenako idasonkhana mbali zonse ziwiri potsatira bolodi ya matabwa (28).
29.Tube makwerero adayitanitsa.
30. Madenga adathandizidwa ndi mabwawo ambiri opangidwa kuchokera ku Angrek Pine.
31. Zomwe zili pa khonde sizichedwa, pansi pa larch zidachitika kuchokera ku bolodi ya larch yogona ndi mipata 31. Pansi pa nyumbayo, mawonekedwewo, komanso minda yaminda ya m'munda idakutidwa m'chigawo cha ku Russia ndi miyala yachilengedwe (32).
33. Kutsiriza kwa nyumbayo kuli ku Spartan. Malo otamata anali pansi, kenako ndikuthirira ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino: kunja (ndikwabwino kuteteza nkhuni ku ultraviolet), ndipo alibe mtundu.
Epilogue ... kapena chiyambi cha nkhani yatsopano?
Mutha kudziwa za kumanga Nyumbayi kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa eni ake adalandira kuchokera kwa omanga omwe ali okonzedwa ndi nyumba, komanso gawo la kusankha. Nthawi zosangalatsa pa ntchitoyo panali ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, njira yopangira malo owotcha yopumira inali yosavuta komanso yofulumira kuti tinaganiza zolongosola mu nkhani yosiyana, yomwe tipereka owerenga nambala yotsatirayi. Pankhaniyi, chifukwa chosowa malo, mwina, tidzamaliza nkhaniyi, ndikuwawerengera mwayiwo kuti mudziwe zojambulajambula, mwatsatanetsatane (zolankhulirana) ndi kumaliza ntchito.
Koma, nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'moyo, mbiri yathu yomanga sinathe. Poyamba, eni akewo adafunsa omangawo kuti apange chibowo cha magalimoto awiri okhala ndi msonkhano woyandikana naye moyandikana ndi hozblock. Kenako, pamene "zovuta" zikakhala kale kukonzekera, adaganiza zophatikiza dziwe laling'ono kunyumba. Monga mukumvetsetsa, sitingathe kutsatira izi ndipo tikufuna kuti tiwerenge za chipinda chotsatira.
Kufotokozera kwa pansi loyamba
2. Tambaur .................................................................... 8,3m2
3. holo ........................................................
4. Chipinda chogona ..................................... 16M2
5. holo .........................................................
6. Malo ogulitsira ....................... 7,32m2
7. Chipinda chodyera cha khitchini cha khitchini ...................................................... 24.7M2
8. Chipinda Chokhala ................................................ 47.3M2
9. Kusamba ........................................................ 29m2
10. Sauna ....................................................
11. chimbudzi .........
Kufotokozera kwa chipinda chachiwiri
2. Chipinda chogona ............................................
3. bafa ............................................ 8M2
4. Chipinda chogona ........................................... 17,9m2
5. "Chipinda Chachiwiri"
6. bafa .............................. 9,2M2
7. Chipinda chogona .......................................... 20,5M2
8. nduna ...............................................
9. Balcony ......................................................4m2
Kuwerengera kokulirapo kwa mtengo wake * Kupanga nyumbayo ndi malo onse a 300m2, ofanana ndi omwe aperekedwa
| Dzina la Ntchito | Chiwerengero cha | Mtengo, pakani. | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ntchito yayikulu | |||
| Amatenga nkhwangwa, makonzedwe, chitukuko ndi kupumula | 86m3 | 670. | 57 620. |
| Chipangizo cha chipangizo pansi pa maziko kuchokera pamchenga, zinyalala | 30m3 | 420. | 120. |
| Chipangizo cha maziko a matepi, mbale za konkriti yolimbikitsidwa | 59m3 | 4200. | 247 800. |
| Kutulutsa kwa Woolithic Slab | konza | - | 12,000 |
| Zopingasa zopingasa komanso zofananira | 220m2. | - | 2009 200. |
| Zonse | 409. | ||
| Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | |||
| Miyala yosweka mwala, mchenga | 30m3 | - | 39 000 |
| Konkriti | 59m3 | 4500. | 265 500. |
| Hydrosteclozol, tuminguous mastic | 220m2. | - | 83 800. |
| Zitchi, zopanga zikopa, chotenthetsera ndi zinthu zina | konza | - | 89 300. |
| Zonse | 457 600. | ||
| Makoma, magawo, onjezerani, padenga | |||
| Kumanga makoma ndi magawo kuchokera ku bar | 48M3. | 4300. | 206 400. |
| Chowongolera chida | konza | - | 62,000 |
| Chipangizo cha rafter system | 210m2. | - | 157 500. |
| Kutulutsa zokutira ndi zowonjezera | 320M2. | 90. | 2800. |
| Hydro ndi chipangizo cha Vorizoation | 320M2. | 40. | 1200. |
| Chipangizo cholumikizira | 210m2. | 420. | 2008 200. |
| Kuluka | konza | - | 27 300. |
| Kukhazikitsa zenera ndi chitseko | konza | - | 73 400. |
| Zonse | 656 400. | ||
| Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | |||
| Zida zokwera (matabwa owonda matabwa, zida zina) | konza | - | 5 140 ر 000 |
| Kutulutsa (Polypropyylene adakhumudwitsa), kuluka, othamanga | konza | - | 253. |
| Steam, Mphepo ndi mafilimu othira madzi | 320M2. | - | 11 500. |
| Kukutira | 320M2. | - | 34 800. |
| Matanthwe a matabwa | 210m2. | - | 109 500 |
| Zenera ndi khomo | konza | - | 443,000 |
| Zonse | 5 764 600. | ||
| Makina Opanga, Akumaliza Ntchito | |||
| Ntchito yamagetsi komanso yambiri | konza | - | 657,000 |
| Kumaliza ntchito | konza | - | 825,000 |
| Zonse | 1 482,000 | ||
| Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | |||
| Zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi | konza | - | 1 823,000 |
| Matabwa a Gulf board, matomiyalain, masitepe, pulasitala, makomo, ma varnishes, zotchinga, zotchinga zopukutira .p. | konza | - | 1 750 600. |
| Zonse | 3 573 600. | ||
| * Kuwerengera kumapangidwa popanda kuyankhulana pamutu, kunyamula ndi ndalama zina, komanso makampani opindulitsa. |
Otsatsa zikomo Lapland House kuti akathandizidwe pokonzekera zinthu.