Momwe mungapangire kuwonongeka m'nyumba: Zosankha za chipangizo ndi kukhazikitsa koyenera

Timauza momwe angasankhire zida zoyenera ndikugwira ntchito ya chipangizocho mnyumbamo.

Kuti mupeze dongosolo lonyansa m'nyumba yaulimi ndi manja anu, chiwembu ndi luso laukadaulo limafunikira. Pankhani yolakwika pakukhazikitsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyipa, mafa am'madzi ndizotheka - amatenga madzi kumwa ndi zosowa zapakhomo. Zosungirako zakomweko zimavulala, nthaka yomwe ili ndi ziwembu zimasintha mulingo wa chinyezi. Otuluka ndi zofooka zofooka zimasefukira. Prower yokhazikika yokhazikika imapanikizika kwambiri pamapangidwe a maziko ndi pansi. Ngati ipitilira malire, nyumbayo iyenera kukonza mosalekeza. Zinyalala zoopsa ndizowopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, amawononga zomera ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi malo osungirako. Zida zolakwika zimapangitsa fungo.

Timapanga chimbudzi chodziyimira nokha

Chofunika kuganizira

Zolinga Zakale

Chitoliro chochepa

Zosankha zoyeretsa

Malangizo Osankha Malangizo

Momwe mungapangire chilolezo kwa ma ses

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Malamulo

Zomwe Mungaganizire Posintha Chipangizocho

Kukhazikitsa kwa zinthu zotsogola kumachitika ku nyumba yomanga kapena popambana. Zimaphatikizapo magawo awiri akulu - kukhazikitsa mtsinje wa Riser komwe kuli mnyumbayo, ndipo zida zakunja ndizomwe zinthu zovulaza zimasefa.

Yesetsani kukonza zotuluka ndikupindika ma annels pass, monga lamulo, posungira maziko. Ngati nyumbayo yamangidwa kale, ndikuyika njira zolumikizira zamkati ndizovuta kwambiri. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuboola mabowo m'mwamba ndi makhoma a maziko pogwiritsa ntchito ojambula kapena kuwadula ndi korona diamondi. Mwina muyenera kuthetsa nkhaniyi ndikuyenda kwa wokwera pachiwopsezo kwa kukula kwake.

Mphindi zofunika kusintha

• Sankhani njira yoyeretsera yoyenera kwambiri.
• Kusankhidwa kwa zida zovomerezeka ndi magawo, kuphatikiza mapaipi.
• Zipangizo zomwe zinthu zonse zimapangidwa.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino, kuphatikizapo njira zolondola zamadzi.

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Chithunzi chojambulidwa panyumba

Mphezi ndi ngalande yolunjika ya pulasitiki kapena yopanda chitsulo. Mapangidwe ake samadalira mtundu wa nyumba ndi magawo ake. Nthawi zonse amakhala chimodzimodzi. Kumbali kumapangitsa kuti ziguduli zigudukidwe. Kuyambira pansi kudzera pachipinda chapansi, mapaipi olunjika amalumikizidwa ku malo oyeretsa omwe adayikidwa pamalopo. Maonekedwe awo amatengera zinthu zambiri.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza chisankho cha zomera zamankhwala

• Voliyumu yamadzi zinyalala.
• Mawonekedwe a kuipitsa.
• Zokhalamo (zokhazikika kapena zosakhalitsa).
• Mtundu wa nthaka.
• Mawonekedwe amtunda.
• Mulingo wa madzi apansi akupezeka (agb).
• Kuya kwa kuzizira kwa dziko lapansi.
• Zofunikira za makonzedwe am'deralo.

Kuti mudziwe zomwe zakonzedwa ndi zinthu zomwe zidakonzedwako, muyenera kuganizira kapangidwe kake, kudalirika, mawonekedwe ake ndi ndalama.

Poyamba, kusefa kwa makina kuchokera kumadera oyimitsidwa kumachitika. Pakutero, ma lattices, ma sotons amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kenako maenje, akasinja a septic ndi ma shums amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kenako masheya omasuka olemera amalemera amachititsidwa zachilengedwe. Zimakupatsani mwayi wochotsa kuwonongeka kwamphamvu chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwawo ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. "Amadya" pafupifupi kotala la mapangidwe ndikuwola pafupifupi gawo lotsala kuti apange madzi, mpweya ndi mawonekedwe olimba. Mpweya wotulutsidwa (kaboni dayokisi, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methane, hydrogen) samangotulutsa fungo lodziwika bwino. Chifukwa chake, zida ndi nyumba ziyenera kukhala ndi zida zodalirika komanso zili momwe zingathere momwe kukhazikika kwa nyumba.

Pali njira zingapo zopangira gawo losefera lomwe lili pansi mobisa.

Zosankha za kusefa kwa chimbudzi cha chimbudzi m'nyumba

• Dongosolo lapakati ndi chitoliro cha malowa chimaperekedwa ku njira yogawidwa. Nyumba zonse m'deralo kapena malo olumikizidwa.
• Olimbitsa - Pa gawo lomwe likukumba dzenjelo ndikukonzekera cesspool. Ngati cov ili yochepera 2 m kapena kalakeyo ili pafupi ndi nyumbayo, dzenjelo liyenera kukhala ndi madzi. Makoma ndi pansi zimapangidwa ndi mphete zolimbikitsira, njerwa, pulasitiki ndi zitsulo. Zinyalala zimachotsedwa ndi makina owunika.
• Kukulitsa septic - m'malo mwa pansi, pilo limathira pilo. Madzi oyeretsedwa amapepuka ndi kulowa pansi.
• Zosefera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera m'makanja amodzi mpaka anayi.

Njira yolondola ilumikizidwe ndi netiweki yomwe ilipo kapena kukonza masheya onse pamodzi ndi oyandikana nawo. Kupanga dongosolo lodziyimira pawokha ndi muyeso wokakamizidwa.

Ganizirani za bungwe ndi kukhazikitsa pa mapaipi ofukula ndi pansi pamanja. Tiyeni tiyambe kuyambira polimba.

Phatikizani mapaipi

Amagwira ntchito kudutsa magawo atatu.

• Kumasulidwa komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi gawo la septic kapena zogawana.
• Kukhazikitsa kwa wofukula riser - zidodi zolumikizidwa zolumikizidwa zimalumikizidwa kwa izo pa miyendo yonse. Imakhala ndi pulasitiki kapena itatu. Kuchokera kumbali yam'mwamba, ali ndi ma croches omwe amakhumudwitsana. Chimodzi mwazinthu chogulitsa chimayikidwa kwina, pambuyo pake kulumikizidwa. Gawo lokhazikika limayikidwa mu bafa ndi zipinda zothandizira. Ziyenera kukhala kutali ndi zipinda zakukhitchini ndi zogona. Ndikofunika kubisala mu nduna yaukadaulo kapena bokosi la zouma.
• Kulumikiza kwa maps - ndi ma tes ndi zinthu zowoneka bwino ndi ma squabs opita m'mwamba. Kusamba ndi kumira kumalumikizidwa kwa iwo kudzera mu eyeliner yogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi ndi mainchesi 5 cm. Amakhala ndi matalala a 10-11 zitsanzo.

Kukhazikitsa Kwa Masulidwe

Pa magawo a maziko, dzenje lapadera limapangidwa. Ngati nyumbayo yamangidwa kale, imachitidwa ndi odzola kapena korona diamondi. Mayinsowo ayenera kupitilira makulidwe a manjawo pofika 20-25 masentimita.

Mphepete mwa kutsegula, ngati kuli kotheka, alimbimbitsidwa ndi yankho, pambuyo pake amachitidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito Brabarsion ndi kuimba motengera phula. Kuwira msoko, muyenera kuwotcha gasi. Kenako mkati mwa malaya imayikidwa, ikulowetsa kunja kwa mtengo wa 10-15 masentimita kuchokera m'mphepete lililonse. Iyenera kukhala yonse kuposa masentimita 2-4.

Manja amaikidwa m'mwezi. Malo aulere amamenyedwa. Kuti mulowetse malaya mu Riser, tee imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malaya omwe ali pakona 45.

Kutalika kwa chizolowezi chofunikira pakuyenda kwamadzi kumatengera gawo la njira ya njira ndi kutalika kwake. Zomwe ali wochulukirapo, zotupa. Ngati kukhetsa komwe kuli patali kwambiri kuchokera pa 50 m kuchokera pamalingaliro, kusiyana kwakutali kudzakhala masentimita angapo.

Gawo lapansi limakhala lokhala ndi ma geotextiles, apo ayi chidzatha nthawi yozizira.

Kukhazikitsa Riser

Chimbudzi chogona m'nyumba yachinsinsi chimayambira pansipa. Mwam'mbuyo kubowola zotseguka pamtunda wa masentimita 2, apo ayi mawu ndi kugwedezeka kumaperekedwa kumakoma. Kuwombera ndiko vertically. Cholakwika chovomerezeka kwa 2 m 2 mm. Mapaipi amayika miseche. Zinthu zopingasa zimalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zowombera ndi ma tee. Masamba awa amayikidwa pamathandizo apadera kuti asalumikizidwe ndi kuguba. Ochepera, dongosolo labwino limagwira ntchito. Kutembenuka kumapangidwa ngati kosalala, kugwiritsa ntchito madamu ndi madigiri 30 a digiri. Njirayi imathandizira kupewa zotchinga, liwiro ndikuchepetsa kupanikizika.

Pofinya kukhoma, chitsulo chachitsulo chokhala ndi mabatani pamalingaliro amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amalimbikitsidwa ndi zomangira m'malo mwa ziwalo zofunda ndi mwamphamvu zimakanikiza makhoma. Zithunzizo zimayikidwa ndi gawo lalikulu la 4 m. Ngati kulumikizana kumalumikizidwa pansi pa denga, kuyimitsidwa kwapadera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito motalikirapo.

Kapangidwe kabwino kubisa m'bokosi kapena nduna. Zimayenera kuperekedwa nthawi zonse, motero nkuletsedwa kuyambitsa. Pazonse zowombera zonse zimakhala ndi zitseko, zingwe zopakidwa ndikusinthanso.

Maondo a zinthu zofukizira zosayenera sayenera kukhala ochepera kuposa zolowa. Kutalika kwakukulu kuchokera ku chimbudzi chakuchimbudzi - 1 m, kuchokera ku zida zina - 3 m.

M'chipinda zonse, kudzera pamphepete mwa nthiti umadutsa, khazikitsani ziboda. Ndi chitoliro chopanda kanthu chomwe chimachoka padenga. Mavesi omwe amadutsa pabwalo lapamwamba losakhazikika, apo ayi chemeters udzadziunjikira pa mpanda wamkati. M'nyengo yozizira, imapanga ma nandes, kuyeza mapangidwe ndi njira yolunjika.

Kanema amawonetsedwa momwe angapangire bwino mashesiketi a chimbudzi panyumba yaimwini.

Tsopano lingalirani mfundo yogwirira ntchito yopingasa yopingasa yokhazikika ya zitsime, amapuma ndi zida zapadera.

Mfundo yoyang'anira gawo losefera

Chipangizo cha chimbudzi chomwe chili m'nyumba yachinsinsi chimaloledwa kuloledwa ngakhale ngati ndi chinthu cha IZHS. Kumvetsetsa momwe mungasankhire zida zoyenera ndikuyika pamalopo, muyenera kumvetsetsa ntchito yake.

• Zingwe ndi zitsime zimayendetsa zomwe sizimapezeka kuti sizimawononga zinyalala zapadera. Amatumizidwa ku kompositi kapena kuchotsedwa ndi owunika. Njira iyi ndiyoyenera pamtunda waung'ono komanso wapakati.
• Zoseza zitsime - alibe pansi. Ndiwosiyana ndi mawonekedwe a nonch pansi podzaza ndi zinthu zokazinga (mchenga waukulu, miyala, miyala yamtengo wapatali). Masheya amabwera pa iwo kuchokera kumwamba, ndipo madzi oyeretsedwa amasonkhanitsidwa pansi.
• SEPPIC akasinki - osuntha omwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timagwera pang'onopang'ono, ndikudutsa makamera angapo. Njirayi ikuthamangira ndi kuyambitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kukongoletsa koteroko sikokwanira kubwezeretsanso munthawi kapena mpumulo, popeza kuipitsidwa kwawo ndikotheka. Kotero kuti wothamanga amafanana ndi miyezo, muyenera kukonzanso kwachilengedwe.
• Kukhazikitsa momveka bwino - kumayikidwa m'malo okhala ndi madzi akulu. Pali zitsime zolumikizidwa molunjika ndi maamps olunjika, komanso zida zapadera, zololeza kukonza zomaliza. Pokonzanso kwathunthu, anthu opanga mabakiteriya - Aerobe ndi anaerobe. Pali masipoti apadera - zida zogwirizanitsa zogwirizanitsa pamagetsi. Madzi pambuyo mankhwala amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala mbewu ndi zosowa zina zamabizinesi.

Malangizo osankhidwa a dongosolo la dongosolo

Musanapange chimbudzi m'nyumba yakwanu, ndikofunikira kufunsa katswiri. Kuti mupeze deta yolondola, zida zapadera zidzafunika kuwerengera.

• Dzenje la cellic ndi madzi. Nthawi zina imachotsedwa pokhapokha ngati madzi otakamwa, ndipo madzi otayira nyumba amatumizidwa ku Sump.
• Sewero lonselo ndi choyeretsa nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimaphatikizaponso thanki iwiri ya chimbale ndi fyuluta bwino. Koma ngati voliyumuyo ili yoposa 1M3 / tsiku, kapena cov imabwera kwa 2 m, ndiye kusefa bwino sikulimbana ndi ntchitoyi. Kenako zomanga zovuta zimagwiranso ntchito.
• Chifukwa chake, "munda wa kusefera" kapena ngalande zotuluka zimagwira ntchito bwino ndi dothi lamchenga komanso la miyala. Nthawi yomweyo, kugawana kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yayikulu pamtunda wonsewo, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zitsime zogawika pambuyo pompo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza chipinda chapadera chomwe chimadyetsa madzi kumunda ndi magawo ochepa. Popanda izi, dothi limayamba kuthira.
• Pa dongo komanso zoyenda, osagwirizana ndi chinyezi, kusungunuka kumachitika ndi zosefera zamchere kapena miyala. Malinga ndi miyezo yaukhondo, ayenera kukhala pamwamba pa zotchingira 1 m. Popeza kuya kwa ngalande ili pafupifupi 1.5 m, ndi chipongwe cha 1.5 kuti chikhale pamwamba pa dothi, ndikupanga mulu. Strokes amasokedwa ndi chisanu kuchokera pansi ndi slag.

Ma septics, monga lamulo, amayikidwa pansi pa ziro ndi misasa ya zitsamba ndi ma tranches omwe ali pamwambawa, kotero pampuyo ndiyofunikira kupompa kuchokera ku supu. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kutsikira koyeretsedwa mumtsinje kapena mpumulo.

Kufupikitsa m'derali, ikani ma biose omwe ali ndi zojambula zojambula.

Momwe Mungapezere Kukhazikitsa Septic

Izi zimafuna chitukuko komanso mgwirizano wa ntchitoyi. Ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukhondo (1.5.5.980-00 ndi SnoPim 2.04.85, 2,84.84.04.01-85.

Zofunikira Zaukadaulo

Pulojekitiyi imalumikizidwa mu Ukhondo ndi Esdemiogical Service (SES). Pali zofunikira zingapo zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa kuti mulandire chilolezo mu bungweli.

• Cesspool imalembedwa m'derali.
• Imapezeka pamtunda wa mita 10 kuchokera kumadzi, popeza zinthu zoyipa zimadutsa dothi ndipo zimalekanitsidwa ndi madzi apansi.
• Pokonzekera dera lomwe ndikofunikira kuganizira za maziko. Dothi lodulidwa limakhazikika. Pankhaniyi, chitsime chiyenera kukhala chosachepera 10 m. Kukhazikika kwa dongo ndikokwera. Mtunda wocheperako ndi 20 m. Ndi mchenga wapamwamba, mtunda wa chitsime chikhala 50 m.
• Kuzama kwa dzenje sikopitilira 3 m, mwina zingakhale zovuta kuyeretsa.
• Ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi potunga wosagonjetseka.
• Mtunda wocheperako wochokera ku mpanda ndi nyumba zapakhomo ndi 1 m, kwa nyumba yodzikhala - 5 m. Ngati mudziwo ukayamba kupangika. malo oyandikana nawo.
• Pa nthawi yochita opareshoni, mipweya yoyipa komanso yophulika imawonetsedwa, chifukwa chake iyenera kukhala ndi chitoliro cha mpweya wabwino. Kutalika kwake pamwamba pa zero Marko - 60 cm, makulidwe - 10 cm.
• Zida zimayikidwa pamwamba pa 1 M pamwamba pamlingo wa chimbudzi.

Zolemba Zogwirizana

• Mawu operekera chilolezo.
• Pasipoti.
• Kukulitsa zikalata (kuchotsera kuchokera ku EGRR).
• Ntchito ndikuwonetsa zinthu zonse patsamba.
• Makonzedwe a Cadestral.
• Kukonzekera nyumbayo.
• Thandizo kuchokera ku BTI ngati kuli kofunikira.
• Thandizo pa Gawo la Kulekanitsa.
• Chigwirizano ndi okhulupirira zinyalala.
• Mitundu ya kukhazikitsa, ngati ikugwira kale ntchito.

Commission iyankha yankho mwezi umodzi. Kuvomerezedwa bwino kuli bwino, kukula kwa gawo laukadaulo kuyenera kuti ali ndi mainjiniya omwe amadziwa bwino zomwe zili pano.

Kukhazikitsa kwa zida kuyenera kuchitika molingana ndi ntchitoyi.

Malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito dongosolo

• Patulani zinyalala zolimba kwambiri ndikutaya iwo mosiyana ndi madzi.
• Osajambulitsa zida ndi zinyalala zotere komanso m'mawu omwe sangathe kupirira.
• Osataya madzi otentha ndi madzi kuchokera ku dziwe.
• Osakonzanso zinyalala ngati sizikonzedwa kukhitchini.
• Osachitira nkhanza ndi kusamba ufa.
• Zida zofunda nthawi yozizira.
• Chotsani matope mu zosefera pa nthawi.

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