Momwe mungapangire zingwe ndi mawaya pa chiwembucho komanso mnyumba: chitsogozo chatsatanetsatane

Tatsimikiza mtima kutengera, sankhani zinthu zoyenera ndi mtundu, komanso upangiri wothandiza mwatsatanetsatane.

Mauthenga okhudza moto, chomwe chimayambitsa chiwongola dzanja, posachedwa kwambiri kotero kuti tinayamba kudziwa mavuto ngati amenewa wopanda vuto. Ndipo kwathunthu pachabe. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi m'nyumba zomwe zachulukirachulukira, muyenera kungosankha zingwe zamanja ndi mawaya pa chiwembu - zimatithandiza kupewa mavuto ambiri.

Zonse za zingwe ndi mawaya

Kusiyana kwa waya ndi chingwe

Machulidwe

Kusankhidwa kwa Zinthu

Sankhani Gawo

Chingwe chobisika

Mitundu ya Kuombera Kwathu

Kuyenda patsamba

Mgwirizano wa mapulani

Malangizo

Momwe mungasiyanire waya waya kuchokera ku chingwe

Mawaya ndi zingwe zimasiyana mu chiwerengero cha Liverli (kuyambira 1 mpaka 37), gawo la 0,75 mpaka 800 mm2). Amapangidwa ndi zotchingira magetsi 380, 660 ndi 3000V ya kusintha kwapamwamba, zingwe pamagetsi. Zoyambitsa waya wa waya umakhala mu chipolopolo cha chigamba cha mphira, polyvinyl chloride kapena neiplast. Kuti muteteze kuwonongeka kwamakina ndi kuwonekera kwa sing'anga yakunja, kusokonekera kwa mitundu ina ndikukutidwa ndi thonje kutopa, kuphatikizidwa ndi anti-Nipple. Mawaya adapanga kuti akagoneke m'malo omwe pali chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha zowonongeka zawo, zotetezedwa ndi kuluka kowonjezera kuchokera ku waya wachitsulo. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi china chake chosinthika mu manja anu, ndikudzipatula kamodzi komanso kunenepa kwa buzano, ndiye chingwe chomwe chingachitike. Ngati tikulankhula za malonda ndi makulidwe ndi dzanja lanu komanso kuuma komwe komweko kumakhala ndi zoseweretsa zomwe zimakhala ndi zingwe ziwiri. Pankhani yomwe mungafunikire kubweretsa magetsi ku kanyumba kapena kusanja chiwembu, komanso sindikufuna kuwononga mawonekedwe ndi mawaya olendekani, mufunika chingwe. Momwe mungasankhire?

Kukonzekera nyumba yanu ndi zida zamagetsi zambiri kumafuna mawaya ndi zingwe zosiyanasiyana, za kusankha ndikuyika zomwe muyenera kuganizira pasadakhale.

Choyamba muyenera kudziwa zomwe zikuyenera kukhazikitsidwa. Ndikofunikira. Chifukwa ngati muli ndi kanyumba ka miyala iwiri yokhazikika, kuyimirira paphiri, osasefukira ndi madzi, ndipo ntchito zonse pamalopo ndizochepa ku tsitsi, yankho likhale imodzi. Mwachitsanzo, malowo ndi owonda, omwe akuthamanga pansi pamadzi apansi, ndipo mukufuna kubweretsa magetsi ku malo osambira, pomwe ma electorkname adayikidwa kwa sauna, ndipo pamalopo mukulima dziko , yankho limakhala losiyana kwambiri. Komabe, mu zonse ziwiri, musachite popanda chingwe. Ganizirani njira yosankha chingwe. Nkhani yokhudza kufunika kwa lingaliro la zomwe mwapezacho dala kupitirira ukadaulo wa nkhaniyi, zonse zimatengera pano pokhapokha chikwama chanu. Osangoyiwala kuti nthawi yomweyo komanso yotsika mtengo, ndipo sizichitika bwino.

Timamvetsetsa mawu

• Ankakhala moyo - izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyanitsa.
• Mawaya - zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zingwe chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zimakhala zingwe zopepuka, pamwamba pake pali chingwe chopepuka choteteza (mwachitsanzo, chitsulo chopondaponda chitsulo, ndikuluka kapena kuluka kuchokera ku zinthu zazing'ono).
• Waya wokhazikitsa ndi waya wa magetsi otsika ma enclectic.
• Chingwe chamagetsi - waya wokhala ndi mtanda wa mm mpaka 1.5 mm2 ndi ma infakizikilo apamwamba kwambiri. Ankakonda kulumikiza zida zosuntha. Mitsempha ngati iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, amaphatikizidwa ndi kupotoza kapena kugawika kuluka.
• Chingwecho ndi mawaya ochepa omwe amatsekedwa mu zipolopolo chimodzi kapena zingapo zoteteza.

Momwe Mungasankhire Maganizo Oyenera

Copper ndibwino kwambiri kulumino. Ili ndi moyo wopambana komanso wotanganidwa kwambiri ndi kutukuka. Kuphatikiza apo, poyerekeza ndi aluminiyam aluminiyamu, ndi, komanso ma bends angapo, zitha kusweka. Katundu woyipa wa aluminium ndi wotsatsa mwachangu pankhani yolumikizana ndi mpweya, zotsatira zake ndi mapangidwe apa filimu yomwe ilipo. Sizigwiritsa ntchito bwino bwino zamakono, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimalepheretsa kutsutsidwa bwino. Malo omwe ali ndi vuto loipa lidzayamwa, kuti azilankhula, ngakhale ochulukirapo okonda kutentha, ndipo kulibe moto. Ndipo ngati simukufuna kubwereza nkhani ya "Mphaka nyumba", muyenera kuyang'ana nthawi yolumikizira aluminiyam kukhala madera amagetsi.

Mukamalumikizana ndi zikwangwani, aluminiyamu amawonetsa kubwezera wina - kulimba kochepa. Zotsatira zake, aluminiyamu imatuluka pansi pa yopondera ("imayenda"), Kumasuka. Chifukwa chake, mawaya a alumineyam omwe ali m'mabokosi a Juniction ndi zida zina, pomwe ma clamp amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana, amafunikiranso cheke kwakanthawi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi alumini yamkuwa yamkuwa, awiri a Galvanic amapangidwa, komwe aluminiyamu, omwe amawonetsedwa ndi electrocrossion, akuwonongeka. Nchiyani chimatsogolera ku kuwonongeka kwina. JsC zotsatira za chodabwitsachi tidangolankhula.

Sankhani gawo la chingwe

Chingwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi 2-4 moyo. Gawo la mtanda (momveka bwino, malo okhalamo pamtambo) a mitsempha amatsimikizika ndi mainchesi.

Kumbukirani: dera lazungulira S = 0.78D2, komwe D ali mulifupi wa bwalo.

Kutengera malingaliro othandiza, ndi zikhulupiriro zazing'ono zamakono, mtanda wamtchire wa mitsempha yamkuwa umatenga 1 mm2, ndi aluminium - 2 mm2. Ndi mafunde akuluakulu akulu, gawo la waya limasankhidwa pa Pulogalamu-Mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri zimatengera kuwerengetsa komwe katundu wa 1 Kw amafunikira 1.57 mm2 pamtanda wa mtsemphawo. Kuchokera pano tsatirani mfundo zam'masitepe a waya, zomwe ziziyenera kutsatidwa posankha m'mimba mwake. Kwa aluminiyamu, ndi 5A pofika 1 mm2, kwa mkuwa - 8a ndi 1 mm2. Mwachidule, ngati muli ndi chotenthetsera chamadzi pa 5 kW, ndikofunikira kulumikiza ndi waya lomwe limawerengedwa osachepera 25a, ndipo chifukwa cha Copper kuyenera kukhala osachepera 3.2 mm2.

Mphamvu ya avvg magetsi: mitsempha ya aluminium (1-4), gawo la mtanda wa kuchokera2.5 mpaka 50 mm2, polyvinyl chloride chotupa, chipolopolo cha polyvinyl chipolopolo. Zopangidwira kuyika zonse zouma komanso zonyowa.

VVG yamphamvu vvg: Mitsempha yamkuwa (1-4), gawo kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 50 mm2, polyvinyl chloride chotupa, polyvinyl chloride chipolopolo. Ogwiritsidwa ntchito atagona m'malo owuma komanso onyowa.

Lingalirani kuchokera ku magawo angapo okonda (0.75; 1; 1.5; 2.5; 4 mm2, etc.) Pamkuwa, chifukwa kuchita kwawo ndi pafupifupi 62% ya Curper. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kuwerengetsa kwa mkuwa kumafunikira gawo la 2.5 mm2, ndiye kuti muchepetse 4 mm2, koma kwa mkuwa mufunika 4 mm2, ndiye kuti aluminium - 6 mm2, etc.

Mawaya a mphamvu zamkati ndi ma network amagetsi nthawi zambiri amaikidwa m'mitsempha ya pulasitiki yoteteza.

VBBHHH CICY: Copper Polyvinyl-chloride pa nyumba, chipolopolo cha polyvinyl chipolopolo, zida za zitsulo zankhondo zankhondo, zitseko za hermet. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse komwe kuli chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwamakina ku shir.

Mwambiri, chingwe cha nyumba ndibwino kusankha gawo lalikulu pamtanda kuposa momwe chikufunira, - mwadzidzidzi mukufuna kulumikizana ndi china chilichonse? Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti muwone ngati gawo la mawaya lomwe lili ndi katundu weniweni ndi wokhazikika, komanso ndi mafoseji oteteza pano kapena ophwanya madera, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi counter.

Chifukwa chake, pamapeto pake mwasankha gawo ndi mtanda. Gawo lotsatira likhala kusankha mtundu wa chingwe kapena waya.

Mtundu wa chingwe

Mtundu wa waya ndi zilembo zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimapangitsa mitsempha yochititsa chidwi, kudzipatula, kuchuluka kwa kusinthana ndi kapangidwe ka zomangira zoteteza. Kulemba kwa zinthu zapakhomo gwiritsani ntchito izi:

• Kalata yoyamba ikuwonetsa zinthu za mitsempha yochititsa (kunena, A - Aluminium). Kuperewera kwa makalata mu mtunduwo kumatanthauza kuti maziko ochititsa chidwi amapangidwa ndi mkuwa.
• Kalata yachiwiri imatanthawuza waya.
• Wachitatu ndi zosungunulira (mwachitsanzo, p - mphira, mu-polyvinyl chloride, p - Polyethylene).

M'magulu a mawaya ndi zingwe, zilembo zimatha kukhalapo, kufotokozera zinthu zina za kapangidwe kake:

• O - kuluka.
• T - pogona pamapaipi.
• P - lathyathyathya.
• F - chitsulo chopindidwa chipolopolo.
• Osinthika, etc.

Lamulo lofunikira kwambiri ndikugula ndi malire. Zachidziwikire, ngati kutalika sikokwanira, pali njira zomwe zingakulitse. Koma kumbukirani kuti tsamba lolumikizira ndi malo okhudzana ndi mavuto.

Mitundu ya Provo.

Mitundu ya Kuombera Kwathu

Mwa njira yochitira magetsi yamagetsi ikhoza kukhala yotseguka komanso yobisika. Maluwa obisika amagawidwa m'magulu awiri. Loyamba limaphatikizapo lumanga m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana: zitsulo, galasi, rabar, ndi ena. Gulu lachiwiri limapangidwa ndi zipilala zomanga, popanda mapaipi. Chitoliro chimakupatsani mwayi kuti mupange waya wa waya wosagwira ngati pakufunika kutero. Mu zipinda zouma, luntha lobisika limachitika m'mapaipi (olimbikitsira, olimbikitsira chipolopolo chachitsulo, chitsulo), m'mabokosi ogontha, njira zotsekeka, komanso mawaya otsekeka, komanso mawaya apamwamba. M'manja onyowa - m'mapaipi (owononga chinyezi, zitsulo), mabokosi ogontha komanso mawaya apadera. Mu waiwisi ndipo makamaka zipinda zobisika, zobisika zobisika zimaloledwa mu inshuwaration chinyezi.

Kuyenda patsamba

Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi mukamanyamula magetsi m'derali, kumbukirani kuti amateteza chingwecho chifukwa cha zoopsa zamakina (kuwonetsetsa kuti mumalumpha ndi fosholo kapena fomu). Sitikugawana kuti ziphuphu zidzateteza ludzu kuchokera ku chinyontho, madziwo adzapeza madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mapaipi amatha kupanga mawonekedwe kuchokera ku mpweya kulowa mu polowera kapena kutuluka. Koma lolani kuti isasamale. Zingwe zomwe zimapangidwa. Kutulutsidwa kogulitsa, ali ndi maola 12 kuti azisungidwa m'madzi pansi pa magetsi kupititsa patsogolo mwadzina. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuganizira zakuya za chilekezi.

Zingwe zonyamula zida zitha kukhazikika mu nthaka, koma ndibwino kuti ikhale yotsika kuposa kuzama. Kupanda kutero, kukulitsa ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa dziko lapansi kumatha kuyitanitsa chingwe. Zowona, izi zakuya zimatha kukhala wamkulu kuposa kuzama kwa madzi apansi. Kuyika chingwe m'madzi ndi chosayenera. Kunyengerera kungakhale gangaketi mu mapaipi a asbestos okhala ndi kusindikiza kowonjezereka. Ndikupereka chingwe, sikofunikira kukankhira mphamvu ndikuwonjezera patagona (makamaka ngati mungayendere kuntchito ya chilimwe, chingwe chozizira chizigwirizana ndipo chimatha kuphulika. Njira ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito abbbs ndi zingwe za WHBSHB zomwe zimanyamula katundu wamakina.

Mgwirizano wa mapulani

Zogwirizira za thupi lololeza la mphamvu imatha kupezeka munjira yolowera pa mgwirizano wanu, kapena mu chigawo chanu. Zachidziwikire, palibe amene akuchita mgwirizano. Koma ngati vuto lasokonekera ndipo, chifukwa cha kutsekedwa, padzakhala moto kapena china chake, makampani a inshuwaransi pakalibe kubweza zowonongeka.

Malangizo

1. Ngati lumo lokhazikika limapakidwa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe ndi mitsempha yonyamula pakalipano kuchokera pa waya umodzi. Ndizosakwanira kuposa kuchuluka kwambiri, kutero kerossion kumayambitsa kuwononga (chifukwa cha malo otsika), ndipo ndikosavuta kuyeretsa musanalumikizane.
2. Mpira pansi pa zochita za ozone yomwe ili mlengalenga, zigawenga ndipo zimakutidwa ndi ma microcracks. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti tigwiritse ntchito zingwe ndi zokutira mphira pamalo owombera dzuwa. Makampani opangidwa ndi zida ndi chithokomiro atagona pansi.
3. Polyvinyl chloride amakonda kusokoneza chisanu kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe ndi polyethylene kuvala mumsewu.
4. Polyethylene sanali ngati zoyatsira moto, kotero kuti m'malo okhazikika polyathylene ndiwofunika (mtundu wa waya umawonetsedwa ngati Ps).
5. Zingwe zotsogolera chipolopolo zimagona nthawi yachilimwe. Mu ozizira akamatsikira chifukwa cha chisanu kukana chitsogozo, mapangidwe a microcracks ndi otheka.
6. AVBGNGng, WDBngšng ndi VBBNNA imadziwika ndi chipolopolo kapena chotsika chotsika cha PVC. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo okhala ndi moto wowonjezera.
7. Ngati muchita chikho mu malo osungira nyama (mwachitsanzo, kulumikiza mapampu pazitsime kapena kuti mugwiritse ntchito kasupe wa chilimwe pamalopo), mufunika MFF yapadera ya ma injini osinthira. Zoyipa za mtunduwu zimaphatikizaponso chinsinsi chomwe chimapangidwachokha. Chifukwa chake, polumikiza pampu kapena kasupe, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya awiri, adabweranso wina ndi mnzake (kuti asapumule). Monga njira ina, mutha kulingalira kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha French LyONOMOMPpe. Ndi mbali zitatu, mtanda wa 1.5 mpaka 4 mm2.
8. Kulumikiza kwakanthawi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zowoneka bwino za makilogalamu ndi pva (kg (kg - ndi mitsempha yambiri yopangidwa ndi mphira), kulumikizidwa kosatha: VG, pa Straket mu nthaka - WHBSHV yokhala ndi zida zoteteza.
9. Ngati chingwe chikufunika kudzera muzinthu zoyaka (owukira ndi makoma a nyumba yanu yamatabwa kapena zinthu zokhala ndi mafuta), chilembo "(chosasinthika) kapena" NGATI kufalitsa kuyamwa). Mwachitsanzo, zingwe za CBN ndi WGng, zomwe, mwa njira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito sinangoti munyumba yamatabwa (ku funso la "nyumba yapa khungu").
10. Ngati pali dothi losalowerera ndi madzi owoneka bwino apansi, ndiye kuti mukwanira avvgz ndi wgz, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti igone pansi ndi kuwonongeka kochepa. Ngati madera a shampy ndi malo omwe ali patsambalo atopa (izi), mwachitsanzo, kuti m'dzinja la BIDEPH CAST idagwa, mipanda yotereyi.) , ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito Abbb ndi Wlysh (Polyvinyl chloride pa nyumba, zida za polyvinyl zamiyala yankhondo, pamwamba pake pa sefoni ya hermet), zopangidwa ndi zowonongeka zamakina.
11. Kuphatikiza apo, momwe angadziwire momwe magetsi aliri pamaneti ndi magawo angati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito patsamba lanu. Ngati 220 V ndi gawo limodzi, ndiye chingwe chopanda kanthu katatu kapena chachitatu (chachitatu chachitatu - "dziko lapansi" - nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi gawo laling'ono kuposa ena). Ngati 380 v ndi magawo atatu aposachedwa (omwe amafunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mapampu ndi moto), kumafunikira mitsempha yamiyendo itatu (yaminal (ya sodinachal (ya sodinal)) kapena chingwe champhamvu (chakale) - "dziko lapansi"). Izi zikuwonetsedwa pakulemba kwa malonda. Mwachitsanzo, kg - 42.5 amatanthauza chingwe chopanda maziko anayi ndi gawo la miyala ya mitsempha yayikulu 25 mm2.