Kupanga kwa malo otseguka: Njira yonse kuchokera pansi mpaka camopy

Tikulankhula za ntchito yomanga malo otseguka, kusankha zinthu ndi njira zothandizira.

Tsitsi lotseguka limalumikizidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi kununkhira kumwera ndi kalembedwe kake kake ka Mediterranean. Amatha kujowina nyumbayo, naphatikiza ndi dimba, kapena kukhala dziwe losiyana la bobha, kapena kukhala dziwe la dacha (podium loteroyo osati lokongoletsa bwalo, komanso limasintha ergonomics yamadzi osamba). Konzani zipolopolo za dimba ndi okwera dzuwa pamtunda, ndikuzikongoletsa ndi mbewu mu misempha, onetsetsani kuti shaations, ndikupeza malo abwino opumula, mpweya ndi mowa.

Maziko

Zinthu zazikulu zam'matabwa zamitengo ndi maziko (monga lamulo, kuchokera ku mfundo), zomanga zonyamula pang'ono ndi pansi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi malo ofunikira polojekiti pansi, masitepe ndi Balkrade atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ngati mitsinje iphatikizidwa ndi nyumbayo, njira ziwiri ndizotheka: ndizotheka kupanga maziko odziyimira pawokha kapena kumangiriza kumapeto kwa matayala pansi pa nyumbayo, ndipo yachiwiri iyenera kutsegulidwa pamilu. Ndi gawo lalikulu la terrace, ndikoyenera kusankha njira yoyamba, apo ayi kusanja kwa maziko (zotsatira za kuwonekera kwa mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu zozizira pa milu kapena mpweya wa maziko Pansi pa katundu wa makoma) imapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa pansi, komwe kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kukonza. Njira yachiwiri imadzilungamitsa ngati kutalika kwa mitengoyo (m'lifupi mwake) sikupitilira 3 m ndipo mutha kuchita ndi mbali imodzi ya milu. Minda yokhayo m'malo mwa ma flanges wamba amafunikira kukhala ndi ma screw ogula omwe angakupatseni kutsitsa pang'ono kapena kukweza m'mphepete mwa nyumbayo.

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Kuchokera ku mitengo ya conriurus

Ndipo lero learace nthawi zambiri imamangidwa pamaziko a zojambulajambula zopukutira (mipiringidzo) ndi malekezero ocheperako. Pamwamba, mitengo yochokera ku bar siili mitengo yolimba kwambiri yama protein, yomwe ndi yodziwika ndi gulu la korofrous-foro.

Kalanga, ngakhale pa chiwembu chouma, ndipo, malinga ndi nkhuni zoyambira, ntchito yautumiki wa mtunda woterewu sunapitirire kupitirira zaka 10. Mvula ndi kusungunuka madzi pakapita nthawi peningts nkhuni mkati mwanu; Mitengo, matabwa ndi matabwa pansi akuyamba kuvunda kwambiri, fuse ndi kuthyoka.

Kuchokera ku mabatani a konkriti

Makina odalirika kwambiri okhala ndi maziko a mabatani a konkriti kapena mzati njerwa pamtunda wa sandwelwelder ndi mitengo yamphamvu ya 100 × 150, atayika pamitengo pamwamba pa osanjikiza madzi. Mwachidziwikire, imatha kutumikira kwa zaka zambiri, koma pokhapokha ngati pali cholembera madzi pansi ndipo ngati ali ndi ngalande yozungulira. Mwakuchita, zipilala zazing'ono zotsatsa nthawi zambiri zimakololedwa ndipo zimakhazikitsidwa mothandizidwa ndi madzi osefukira ndi zifukwa za dothi, ndipo mitengoyo imatsekedwa ndikuwola.

Njira zotchulidwa zimadzilungamitsa monga zoyesa ndi zopanga. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, malemu oterewa amathanso kumanganso kufooka kodziwika. Komabe, ndizopindulitsa kukulitsa ntchito yolowerera pasadakhale, lingalirani za ergonoma ndi mawonekedwe a terrace ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapanga zolimba.

Pankhaniyi, modekha nyumba, ndipo kutalikirana kumakhazikitsidwa pa screw screws yophatikizika ndi mitengo yamatabwa.

Pa milu

Mapaipi akubowola kuchokera ku zitsulo kapena ma asbestos-simenti adzasunga zaka 40-60. Ichi ndi maziko odalirika odalirika pa dothi loyera, limachitika kuchokera kudera lotsika mtengo, koma osangalala. Ngati mumagwira ntchito ndekha komanso chida chokha, ndiye kuti mipanda itatu siyikukhazikitsa milu yoposa itatu. Galimoto yovomerezeka ndi osakaniza konkriti imathandizira njirayi kangapo.

Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha maziko obowola maboti a tentrace, mapaipi owomba a gawo lozungulira la 70 = 100 mm amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuzama kwa mulu woterowo kuyenera kukhala 10-20 cm Kuchulukitsa kuya kwa madzi ozizira (kutalika kwa Moscow - pafupifupi 1.5 m). Phula limatengera nkhaniyo ndi gawo lamiyala pansi, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yocheperako ya chipilala cha 3 mm, zitsulo ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi utoto wotsutsa kapena phula la phula. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa, chitolirocho chimayenera kudzazidwa ndi konkriti cholemera, kenako ndikulandirani chiwonetserochi kuti mupange mtengo. Pankhani ya chitoliro cha Asbestos, cha a Asbestos, kuzengereza konkriti kumayenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi ndodo zitatu zokhala ndi 8-10 mm ndikukomera mutuwo ndi boloni.

Ndikosavuta kumanga maziko a terrace kuchokera ku chitetezero chamitundu yambiri (kuthamanga kwa kukhazikitsa ndi mphamvu za anthu awiri ndi mikangano imodzi kapena iwiri pa ola limodzi). Mwinanso zomwe zimangobwezera osati mtengo wokwera: Kuchokera ma ruble 2,000. Ndi kutalika kwa 2 m (kupatula scorection ndi kufinya).

Nthawi zina kwa malo akuluakulu amathira milu yobowola.

Kenako ndioyenera kuphika konkriti kotsimikizika, pomwe mitengoyo imakhazikika.

Pazithandizo zapulasitiki

Kapangidwe kameneka kokhala ndi konkriti kokhazikika, kothandiza kosinthika ndipo pafupifupi malogi osatha aluminiyam aluminiyam aluminium, amangidwira kalasi ya Premium. Nthawi zambiri imakutidwa ndi mitengo yotentha yotentha (Ipe, Kumaru, Merbau, zojambula, ndi zina).

Maziko a Thramu atalumikizidwa ndi nsanja ndikutsanulira khutu ndi makulidwe osachepera 20 cm. Imapangitsa kuti pakhale mtundu wa msewu kapena mizere iwiri ya anthu akutali ndipo Kuthira mbale ya konkriti yolemera, makulidwe omwe amatengera malo osungirako malo koma nthawi zambiri masentimita. Ndi ukadaulo woyenera, mbaleyo imapangidwa ndi pakati mpaka m'mphepete.

Zosintha zapulasitiki "Buzon" (kuchokera ku dzina la kampani ya Belgian Company Buzon, oyamba kuwapatsa pamsika) amakupatsani mwayi ndikukhazikitsa pansi ndikudzipatula pachitofu. Kapangidwe kake kamadalirika kwambiri, koma mtengo wa pulasitiki aliyense wa pulasitiki "(zomwe zikufunikira kwambiri, monga momwe aliri ndi ma ruble 350, ma aluminium a aluminiyamu ndi kutalika kwa 4 m - Kuchokera 1,200 ruble.

Mankhwala apulasitiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma board onse ndi matalala komanso m'munda wamaluwa komanso ngakhale paukadaulo wa Dontrour Porinya. Chithandizo chilichonse chimayenera kulumikizidwa m'munsi mwa ma dowls (mothandizidwa ndi pistol yomanga) kapena mawonekedwe okhudzana ndi madzi.

Pansi

Ndi maziko a mulu, kapangidwe ka pansi pa pansi, makamaka, kudzakhala ndi mitengo ya antiseptic yokha. Nkhani za piala zimanyozedwa ndi zilembo zopangidwa ndi laser kapena milingo yamadzi, chifukwa cha mitengoyo "yokha yomwe ili pagawo limodzi (ngakhale ngati chilema pa mbale). The minus ndikuti chopondera (chifukwa chake mizere yamalumu) iyenera kupitirira 1 m, apo ayi pansi pansi padyetsedwa. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa milu kumathandizanso kapangidwe kake komwe malembawo amaikidwa pamwamba pa mitengo - gawo la 8 × 100 mm kapena kupitilira apo, valani m'mphepete mwa 50-70 cm. Mitsempha yolimba kwambiri komanso yolimba imapangidwa, kuphatikiza ndi mulu wamiyala yokulungira zitsulo (mwachitsanzo, arcade ndi larch.

Kuti nthaka yomalizidwa isagwedezeka poyenda (osalephereka), pali kapangidwe kokwezeka.

Kuyika kovomerezeka kwa matayala ndi ma agg pakati pa zothandizidwa ndi 100 KGF ndi 1 mm

Tsegulani Boardings Mumvula nthawi zambiri imakhala poterera chifukwa cha kuwonda kwa nkhungu pamwamba. Kuphatikizira, kukutira ndi mafuta apamwamba komanso kutsuka ndege yomwe imakakamizidwa.

Kutsikira ku likulu kuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi ma demoprian kuvunda (bolodi yopanda tanthauzo) kuchokera ku Lach kapena Wood-Polymete. Ma board amaphatikizidwa ndi matabwa kapena ma logs okhala ndi mitengo yobisika, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafuta owoneka bwino, zonunkhira zamkati komanso zonunkhira zam'madzi, zopangidwa. Dpds.

Kutsokomoka pulasitiki kutsoka kumapangidwa makamaka pakukhazikitsa kwa corsosetite pooping, pomwe makonzedwe achitsulo amawerengedwa kuti paliponse. Ma ntchentche okwera samangokhazikitsa bolodi, komanso amakhazikitsa phindu la madzi kukhetsa madzi.

Musanakhazikike, pansi ndikofunikira kuphimba (osadzifunsa) miyala ndi ma logs okhala ndi mizere ya khwangwi, komanso bwino - mpweya wopanda madzi. Chifukwa chake mutha kukulitsa moyo wautumiki kwa zaka zingapo.

Mpanda

Njira yosavuta kwambiri yoperekera mthunzi pamtunda ndikukhazikitsa maambulera kapena owonda. Zinthu izi zimagulitsidwa mu sitolo iliyonse yomanga iliyonse ndikuyimilira ma ruble 2,000. Ngati mitsinje iphatikizidwa ndi nyumbayo ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chipinda chodyera chilimwe, imakwezedwa molondola pakhoma la nyumbayo ndi Marquis Marquis, omwe, ali m'njira, amatha kuteteza malemu osati kuchokera ku Dzuwa, komanso kuchokera kumvula. Kalanga ine, zikwizikidwa ku Russia makamaka pempholi ndipo ndizodziwika - kuyambira ma ruble 30,000. kwa gawo lachitsanzo pafupifupi 3 m2; Ndipo ngati mukufuna kukonzekeretsa mapangidwe a magetsi, muyenera kulipira ma ruble 8,000. Pa nsanja ya kanyumbaka, yomwe ili kutali ndi nyumbayo, hema wa dimba ndi loyenera pamapaipi achitsulo, omwe akuyenda ndikumvetsetsa theka theka la ola limodzi kuchokera 1 rubles.

Masitepe

Mtunda, wotalika kwambiri mpaka pansi pofika 20 cm, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi masitepe. Zimachitika pazachuma kapena cosos, pansi pamalekezero omwe ndikofunikira kupereka chithandizo (milu, milu). Kutalika koyenera kwa masitepe ndi pafupifupi 15 cm, kuya kwa masentimita 30, m'lifupi mwake masentimita 90. Ndi kutalika kwa ma cmmitati, sikuyenera kutero - amapanga Pulatifomu yonse - ndi ma hairrails pamakwerero. Badyas, zokutira, masitepe ndiosavuta kugula okonzekera m'sitolo yomanga - asanayikitse, amangofunikira ku Potor ndi zokongoletsera komanso zokongoletsera.

Zopanda pake popanda chifukwa

Ngati palibe chifukwa chokweza cholowera pamtunda, ndipo ntchito yayikulu ndikupanga yosalala, yosavuta pakuyeretsa malo osakhala osagwirizana komanso kuvala kovuta, ndizomveka kuchita monga nthawi Kupanga Garde Awys.

Matayala akuluakulu a mawonekedwe, onani zachilengedwe kukula kwa 40 mm ndipo phala litaloledwa, ndikuchotsa piritsi la mchenga, koma pankhaniyi, kudzera mu gawo la mchenga, koma pankhaniyi, kudzera mumisonkho yazovala, kwambiri , udzu udzakhala ufa, womwe umayenera kutchetcha kapena kuwononga herbicides.

Ndikwabwino kukwera nsanja ya geotextile, kuchepetsera malire, kutsanulira pilo kuchokera ku peinctigramia (kuyambira 20 cm), kenako ndikuyika matanga pa mchenga khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi mwazigawo za simenti.

Ma coil coil ndi abwino kwambiri pakugona ndipo samangokhala ming'alu. Sandstone sakhala ndi chikhalire, koma imakwanira mu dziko la Dziko la Dziko.

Njira imodzi yoyatsira mwala - papilo yamchenga, yamsewu wolimbikitsidwa ndi geotextile.