Kodi mpweya wabwino umafunikira m'nyumba yaumwini ndi kukhazikitsa - uzani.
Mpweya wabwino wa nyumba:
Miyezo yaukadaulo- Kwa nyumba zamunda
- Kwa izhs.
Malamulo a kuwerengetsa ndi kukhazikitsa
- Nyumba zosakhala zopanda pake
- Kwa nyumba
Makina okakamiza
Zovuta zaka mazana ambiri kunyumba zidamangidwa popanda mpweya wabwino. Zinali zofunika kukwera mipata yonse yomwe talemba, kunyowa, makoswe ndi tizilombo titha kutamandidwa. M'zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi chimodzi, tinakwanitsa izi kuti zinthu zasintha kwambiri. Makoma opanda ungwiro ndi mawindo owoneka bwino, zida zamakono sizimachoka nthawi imodzi. Koma nthawi yomweyo, mpweya wabwino umatayika - umakhala wosaphika, kapena mosinthasintha - wowuma, kapena sikokwanira. Mpweya wabwino umasunga kwakanthawi. Komabe, eni malo a nyumba zam'madzi, malo opezeka ndi nyumba, omwe amazolowera, funso limabuka: Momwe mungapangire hood m'nyumba yaumwini ndi manja awo.
Miyezo yaukadaulo
Malinga ndi malamulo omwe ali pano, nyumba zina zapamwamba zam'madzi zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri - izi ndi nyumba zomanga za dimba komanso zomwe zimatchedwa kuti payekha malo omanga nyumba (mwachidule - izhs). Choyambacho chimapangidwa kukhala malo okhala, chachiwiri - chamuyaya. Poyamba, malamulowo ali pang'ono ndipo amagwirizana ndi maudindo akuluakulu a nyumba ndi kusintha momwe alili, kusiya mawonekedwe aluso. Kalata yachiwiri - pali miyezo ya malo okhala.
Kwa nyumba zamunda
Poterepa, lamuloli silimakakamiza kukhazikitsidwa kwa zolumikizira zilizonse. Komabe, kufunikira kotereku kumachitika kumawonekera pamakoma ndipo nkhungu zimawonekera. Chizindikiro china ndi fungo la kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa organic, komwe kumangidwa. Mavuto oterewa satengeka ndi nyumba zamatabwa. Mukamanga chipilala kapena kapangidwe ka njerwa, muyenera kuganiza mozama momwe adzakonderere.
M'chilimwe, nyengo yotentha, mazenera nthawi zambiri amalekanitsidwa, koma nthawi yozizira, kutentha kuchokera ku mitu kungayambitse kupweteka kwamoto kumabweretsa kuti poyendetsa nkhuni mwachangu. Vutoli limapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kudziwa kuti kutentha kumatsika pansi pa zero. Ngati nyumbayo yayenda bwino kotero kuti itha kukhala yokwanira nthawi yozizira, malingaliro onse aukadaulo pa chipangizo champweya wabwino choyenera nyumba ndi choyenera.
Kwa izhs.
Zoletsa zingapo zimayambitsa lingaliro la boma la Russian Federation No. 47 "Lokondedwa ndi malamulo a malo okhala" ndi malamulo aukhondo.2012:
- Chipangizo cha ventcanal sichiloledwa patali kwambiri kuposa 10 cm kuchokera ku zipamba zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi;
- Ndi zoletsedwa mophatikiza makhaki a makhitchini ndi mabafa, komanso madera ena osakhala okhalamo. Zotsirizazi zimaphatikizapo zipinda zogona, ana komanso zipinda zogona;
- Simungathe kupanga njira zomwe zimatulutsa zimatheka kuchokera ku nyumba imodzi ndi ina, ngati nyumbayo kuchokera pa nyumba ziwiri ndi zina zambiri.
Ikufotokozanso kuti lalikulu lirilonse liyenera kutsatira mfundo za ukhondo komanso zaukadaulo zachulukidwe. Mawuwa amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa midzi kupita kumalo, komwe amadutsa gawo limodzi. Malinga ndi gawo ili mu mawongolero aukhondo a SP 55.133330.2016, magwiridwe ocheperako a dongosolo logwirira ntchito amakhazikitsidwa. M'chipinda chogona ndi malo osungirako oxygen ayenera kusinthidwa ora lililonse, khitchini imafuna kulowetsedwa kwa ola limodzi mu 60 m3, mchipinda chosambira komanso malo osakhalamo - kuyambira 25 m3 pa ola limodzi. Ndi mafani omwe adayikidwa kapena kusapezeka kwa anthu, kuchulukitsa kumaloledwa ndi 20% ya chomera cha chipinda cha ola limodzi.
Momwe mungapangire bood m'nyumba yaumwini
Mpweya wabwino umakhala mitundu iwiri:- Zachilengedwe - kuzungulira kumachitika chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kumagwera pansi pa mpweya ndi pamwamba;
- Kukakamizidwa - kutuluka kumayendetsedwa ndi masamba ozungulira.
Zanga zamunda
Njira yoyamba ndi yopanda ntchito ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zazing'ono zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zizikhala mu nthawi yofunda. Kukula pamenepa kumachitikira kukhoma kapena mavesi awindo, komanso ku ma grilles amaikidwa pakhomo pakhomo. Njira yothetsera chikhalidwe ndi chimfine. Ngati sichoncho, mutha kukhala chitoliro kuchokera padenga kupita padenga, ndikuyika patali kwambiri kuchokera pazenera ndi zitseko kuti musatulutse oxygen watsopano. Pangamu chifukwa cha iye ndibwino kupanga chinyengo, kotero kuti kulibe mvula, ndipo m'chipindacho, tsekani valavu ngati kuti kuzizira kumabwera. Madziwe amatha kutengedwa mpaka 20 cm, koma chipinda chaching'ono ndi 5 masentimita chikhala chokwanira.
Kutalika kuyenera kukhala kuyambira 3 m - kupatulidwa sichoncho. Malinga ndi Sanpin 2.1.2.2645-10, chitoliro sichimawoneka pamwamba pa denga la 1 m.
M'malo mwa chitoliro - pulasitiki kapena zitsulo - mutha kugwiritsa ntchito payipi ya polyester kapena luminuum. Onetsani kumtunda sikungodutsa padenga. Kuti muwonetsetse kukakamizidwa kutsika, zidzakhala zokwanira kupanga malo osungira, kutseka ndi gululi. Pangani phokoso pafupi ndi khoma ikadzamangidwa, kapena ikhazikitsidwa ndi Radondo ndi iye.
Pofuna kuti musawononge makhoma ndi pansi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mgwirizano wapadera womwe umateteza ku chinyezi. Ndiosavuta kupeza m'sitolo kapena kuchita nokha.
Ikani mgodi ndibwino. Malo opingasa kwambiri ndikugwada, kutsitsa kwamphamvu.
Mkati mwa khoma la njerwa, njira yayitali kwambiri imatha kupakiridwa, koma gawo ili silikupereka ntchito yothandiza mosiyana ndi kuzungulira kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, makoma oyenera gakisi yamkati ayenera kukhala ndi makulidwe.
Kwa nyumba zogona
Zabwino kwambiri zidzakhazikitsa mpweya wabwino. Ndioyenera kuchipinda chaching'ono komanso kumakupatsani mwayi wothana ndi ntchitoyi. Kuti mudziwe nokha za chipangizo chake mwatsatanetsatane, lingalirani momwe limagwiritsidwira ntchito m'malo akulu ndi kutentha ndi zipinda zambiri.
Pachipinda choperewera palibe chinthu china chofunikira kuyika dongosolo la mpweya wabwino. Kusowa kwake kumawoneka koonekera kudera losakwana 10 m2 pa munthu aliyense. Channel Dymeter sichimagwira ntchito yofunika pamalopo, koma m'manja mwake amayamba kuzungulira mwachilengedwe, ndipo chitoliro kapena chitoliro chikuyamba kukhala chofunikira. Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zimayenera kukhala, zomwe mukufuna kuwerengetsa kumwa kwathunthu ndi formula l = s x h x n, komwe
- S - Square Square;
- H - kutalika kwa madelo;
- N - zochulukitsa.
Tengani kukula kwa chipinda cha 18 m2. Kutalika kwa denga kumakhala kofanana ndi 3 m. Monga tikudziwa kale, mpweya unyinji m'chipinda chogona chimasinthidwa kamodzi pa ola limodzi. M'malo mogwirizana mu fomula, timapeza voliyumu ya 54 m3 / ora.
Tsopano tikutembenukira ku kuwerengera kwa njira yolingana ndi formula f = l / 3600 x v, pomwe v ndi mtengo woyenda. Zipangizozo zikakhazikika, zimachokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1.5 m / s. Tengani mtengo wake womwe uli wofanana ndi 1 m / s.
Kuchipinda chogona, komanso zipinda zonse zogona njira imodzi. Chifukwa chake, mtengo womwe mukufuna udzakhala 0.015 m2. Tsopano nkosavuta kudziwa m'mimba mwake. Tonsefe tidatsogolera fomula iyi kusukulu:
S = π⋅r2. Mkulu wa radius adzakhala 0,015 / 3.14 = 0.004777, ndipo m'mimba mwake muli 0.14 m.
Tsopano zikuyenera kusankha chubu choyenerera. Tili okhutira ndi gawo 0.15 m.
Kuwerengera komweko kuyenera kuchitidwa kwa aliyense wa malo onse, poganizira zomwe timakambirana pamwambapa. Kusintha kwake ndikotheka, pomwe zipinda ziwiri zoyandikana zimakhala ndi zotuluka mu mgodi umodzi. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuwerengera mphamvu yapamwamba yopanga magawo awo.
Malinga ndi zofunikira ndi zamaulere, makoma amkati a ma annels ayenera kukhala osalala. Mphepo yamkuntho yakuwala iyenera kukhala ndi zida zotseguka, kulola ndikuyeretsa. Pansi pa chipangizocho, osati padenga, koma pamwamba pa khoma, muyenera kuwaimilira kuti mupewe madera a "akufa" akufa pamwamba. Pamaso pa denga lisanakhale zoposa 15 cm.
Ngati kulibe ma venthach mnyumbayi, sikofunikira kuti akonzenso bwino kuti apeze malo ake oyenera. Njira yabwino kwambiri imalumikizidwa kumbali ndi kutentha. Mtsinje wa kutentha umakwera mwachangu kuposa kuzizira.
Bood m'khichini m'nyumba yaiyamayalidwa nthawi yomweyo m'matumbo awiri - imodzi yofala, inayo m'derali. Siziyenera kuphatikizidwa, chifukwa mtsinjewo umakhala wachiwiri. Idzataya kukhitchini kuchokera kuzonse.
Kutulutsa kwa ma stofu yamagetsi kumapezeka pamtunda wa 70 cm pamwamba pa ntchito, kwa mpweya - pamtunda wa 80 cm. Mphamvu imawerengedwa ndi formula p = s x h x 12, komwe
- S - Square Square
- H ndi kutalika kwake.
Nthawi zambiri, mpweya wowongoleredwa suyenda m'mwamba, ndi mbali, chifukwa chomwe mphamvu imatsitsira 25%. Malipiro awa ayenera kuganiziridwa muakaunti posankha mphamvu ya zida.
Valavu yothamangitsidwa bwino pakhoma. Kungakhale kosavuta kuti ichotsezezenera pazenera lotulutsa mpweya wamafuta, koma ndi yankho lotere likuipiratuka ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. Mu zojambulajambula, konkriti kapena nkhuni, bowo lingachitike pogwiritsa ntchito korona diamondi. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira, koma njira zokwawa, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopulumutsa malo, koma kuchita bwino pankhaniyi kumachepa.
Ndikofunika kusankha bokosi lachitsulo, popeza ndizosavuta kusambitsa mafuta ndipo sayenera kusokoneza motsogozedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mtundu woyenera ndi wachitsulo. Ngati aluminiyamu otetezedwa agwiritsidwa ntchito, chitoliro chimafunikira kuwongola momwe mungathere.
M'nyumba mwapadera, chibodi pakhoma sichimafuna mgwirizano, ngati si chinthu chodziwika bwino ndipo sichitetezedwe.
Kusankha Kukakamiza
Njira yosavuta kwambiri ikhazikitsidwe. Ndikofunikira kuyiyika panjira yosiyana kuti kuyenda pansi pa kukakamizidwa sikupita kumadera ena ikamagwira ntchito, koma owonetsera padenga. Kuti mupeze ntchito yoyenera, ma valt a intet ayenera kufunikira pa zitseko, mawindo kapena makoma - pambuyo pake, kuti awonetsetse kuti, kuchuluka kwake ndikofunikira.
Ngati kutuluka kumayenera kutenthedwa, ndikofunikira kukonda kukhazikitsa ndi chotenthedwa mu otenthetsera kapena kubwezeretsanso. Chipangizochi chimakhala ndi mbale zowonda zazitsulo, kutentha kumawonjezera kutentha. Mphepo yotentha yomwe ili pamalopo imagwera mu kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa mbale, ndipo mwatsopano kumasunthira kumayendedwe ena onse, kuzindikira kutentha kuchokera kumakoma.
Mu chipinda chapamwamba mutha kuyika utoto wapakati, womwe umazisonkhanitsa ma ducts amlengalenga. Amagwira ntchito chete, koma ndikofunika kuwakonza kuti achoke kuchipinda chogona.
Malo a ang'ono amakupatsani mwayi woti muike ndi zida zovuta kwambiri ndi zosefera ndi kutentha ntchito. Posachedwa, njira zosungira mphamvu ndi mphamvu zopangira ma quatary zophulika zimagawidwa. Zipangizozi zimayikidwa mosavuta ngakhale padenga lathyathyathya - kutalika kwake kumasiyana ndi 25 mpaka 45 cm.
