Panthawi yomanga nyumba ya njerwa kapena midadada, yolimbikitsidwa yokhazikika ndi pansi zozama zomwe zimakondedwa. Timanena za mtundu wa mitundu ndi momwe mungapangire opondera popanda zolakwa.
Kulimbikitsidwa konkriti kotsimikizika ndiko kufotokozeratu mawu ndipo sikuti ndife osatengeka ndi kugwedezeka poyerekeza ndi mitengo yamatabwa. Amakhala olimba kwambiri, kupirira katunduyo kuchokera ku magawo omanga, masitepe, mipando yayikulu, yomwe imathandizira yankho la ntchito. Pali zolakwa, choyamba zokhudzana ndi kufunika kokopa zida zamphamvu ndi zingapo zotsogola, kubwereka zida zapadera ndi zida. Zolimbitsa ma Concenter konkriti nthawi zambiri zimafunikiranso kusinthika, nthawi zina zimasungirako nthawi zonse zimawononga zopangidwa ndi mitengo yamatabwa.
Pofuna kuti musapitirize kupitilirapo ndipo musadzipulumutse pachiwopsezo, choyambirira, zabwino komanso zamaluso osiyanasiyana pomanga mitsempha yotere iyenera kupezeka.
Woyeserera wogawana
Mukukangana nyumba zotsika, zomalizira zowomba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mitundu itatu: PC (ndi ozungulira), pb (ma pc (oyendetsa)) olefuka). Mapulogalamu a PC ndi PB amatulutsidwa ndi makulidwe a 220 mm, pomwe wachiwiri amadziwika ndi geometry yolondola komanso yabwino kwambiri (amaponyedwa ndikukukuta kopukusira). Mapulogalamu a pho, makulidwe a 160 mm, amadziwika kuti ndi omanga nyumba, pomwe makoma ndi maziko amadzaza pang'ono, atakhala ndi mphamvu (ndi mphamvu) , wotsika pang'ono ku PC ndi mbale za PB. Zomera zimapereka zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zambiri, ngakhale ziwonetsero zodziwika bwino kwambiri 100, 120, kutalika kwake komwe kumasiyana kuchokera ku 2.4 mpaka 9 m ndi zowonjezera 10 za ma cm (koma izi sizitanthauza kuti? osatsekedwa popanda zowonjezera).
M'lipala la nsanja ya mbale m'makoma a njerwa iyenera kukhala osachepera 100 mm. Mukakweza, ma slabs amaikidwa pamatumba. Ngati palibe zipilala zongoyendayenda, mabowo ayenera kusindikizidwa m'mitu ya mbale.
M'nyumba za Kuwala (konkriti konkire, ma polystyrene matonti, a Arbolite, wopanga) chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa wotola wa Monolithic Wm ndi kutalika kwa 100-150 mm.
Chifukwa cha chipangizocho, kusunthira kwa Monolithic kapena kuphika-monolithic kumayikidwa ndi mapangidwe am'mphepete ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yolimbikitsira
Ubwino waukulu wokulirapo mphesa - liwiro lalitali, kuthekera kopanga ntchito nthawi yachisanu (pamtunda wosakhalapo -10 ° C) ndi machitidwe a mphamvu za mbale, njira zomwe zimayendetsedwa mosamalitsa komanso kuyang'aniridwa mosamala.
Kumbali inayo, kukula kokhazikika kwa ma slabs kumakanika ntchito ya wopanga, ndipo mawonekedwe awo amakanidwa kuti asiye mayankho osafunikira (makoma a radius, zolakwika za polyponal, etch.). Kuyendetsa kovuta: muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kudula kwa daimondi, Phiri la Rigels. Pomaliza, muyenera kubwereka crane ndikuyika thandizo la okhazikika kuti ateteze zolakwa mukamayika mbale. Plals PNNO yokhala ndi kutumiza kumawononga pafupifupi ma ruble pafupifupi 1700. Kwa 1 M2, ndi mtengo wakukhazikitsa - kuchokera 3500 rubles. Kumbuyo kwa chitofu.
Mbale zambiri za fakitale zimakhala ndi madambo omwe amapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta zitalowa
Monolithic slab overlap
Kapangidweka kamasinthidwe mosavuta kuti ali munyumbayo ndipo amathamangitsidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito crane. Mwa kulimba, imaposa gululi, motero phokoso lamlengalenga limalepheretsa bwino ndipo limalepheretsa kutayikira (komwe kudziko la dziko lino zimachitikanso ndikuwopseza chifukwa cha chipinda cha mzinda).
Mukamapanga slab slab, imatsogozedwa ndi miyezo - SP 52-1003, SP 52-117-2008 ndi SP 63.13330.2012. Mu gawo loyamba, likhale lofunikira kuti mumange fomu yochokera ku plywood, mkazi kapena zishango zina ndi chithandizo pa mitengo ndi ma rack. Mafomu opezeka pansi pa akatswiri opanga akatswiri azithamangira kumanga, koma mtsogolo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kumaliza kumeza.
Pambuyo kusonkhanitsa mawonekedwewo pamalo onse okwanira, chimango chambiri kuchokera kumalire ndi mainchesi osachepera 10 mm wokhala ndi zowerengera zowirikiza.
Malonda otchuka kuchokera ku konkriti wolimbikitsidwa ndi wosowa kwambiri. Chojambula chachikulu ndi chinyontho chochepa
Njira yokuthira konkriti iyenera kuchitika ngati kanthawi kochepa, mokakamiza kusakaniza kwa fakitale ndi kuperekera galimoto. Kukonzekera monkri kwa simenti sikunali kovomerezeka, chifukwa nthawi yomweyo sakanapewa zambiri "zoziziritsa" zozizira "zozizira", zomwe zizichepetsa mphamvu ya slab. Ndikosafunikira kwambiri kumanga ochulukitsa nthawi yozizira, chifukwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mtengo ndipo zimakhazikika ndikuchepetsa kudalirika kwa kapangidwe kake. Pakuti lero, mtengo wa chipangizo cha Monolithic w / w kuthamanga ndi makulidwe a 200 mm (ntchito ndi zida zomwe zimasandutsidwa ma ruble 5,000.
Magawo akulu okwera monolithic porlap
Pamwamba pa zikopa za mafomuwo zimafalitsa zokutira zakunyowa ndikuyika chimango cholimbikitsidwa, kuluka ndodo ndi waya. Kodza zodzaza ndi zogulitsa. Fomuyo idachotsedwa masiku 20 pomwe konkriti idawonongeka 80% ya mphamvu.
Anasonkhanitsa owombera monolithic
Ukadaulo wodziwika bwinowu mu mtundu watsopano wogwira ntchito yotsika kwambiri amaperekedwa lero kuchokera ku Marko, TEVIVA ndi YTOng. Ichi ndiye kuti woyamba kuthira ma shutiral amadzaza matabwa a fakitale. Pakati pa mitengoyo (ndi chithandizo cha mashelufu awo) Ikani pansi pa mapapu a m'mapapo. Mapangidwe awa amakhala ngati mawonekedwe osakhala ophikidwa, pamwamba pomwe adatulutsa mauna kuchokera ku mphamvu kuchokera ku mphamvu. Kenako anathira osakaniza konkriti ndi mawonekedwe abwino; Kukula kwa wosanjikiza pamwamba pa zotchinga kuyenera kukhala 50-70 mm. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito konkriti kwanyumba, komabe, imaloledwa kukonzekera kusakaniza pawokha, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti mupewe "misomu yozizira" ikakhala ndi matabwa othamanga.Tekinoloje-monolithic imapangitsa kuti pakhale zida zopanda zida zokweza (zokweza, unyinji womwe supitilira 120 mafilimu, komanso kuphatikiza nthawi ndi ndalama pa kugwirizanitsa chida. Mtengo wa mtengo ndi midadada ndi ma ruble pafupifupi 1,400 ma ruble. Kwa 1 M2, ndipo omalizidwa omalizira adzawononga ma ruble pafupifupi 4500. pa 1 M2).
Magawo akulu a msonkhano ndi monolithic overlap
Choyamba, chimakwezedwa kumakoma ndikuyika mu polojekiti yothandizira mafelemu a mitengo. Kenako, anaika zigawo za kopepuka, ndipo pamwamba pawo - gridi yolimbikitsidwa. Mitengo iyenera kusunthidwa ndi ma racks, apo ayi amatha kusokonezeka. Adatsanulira zosakaniza konkriti.
Kukhazikitsa kwa monolithic Kuchulukitsa kumathandizira fomuyo ndi ma racks osintha. Zowona, mtengo wa renti yake ndi wokwera kwambiri - kuyambira 1600 rubles. Kwa 50 sq. m patsiku
Momwe mungalimbikitsire mabowo ndi malupu
Zidutswa za masitepe, zipewa, mapaipi achimbudzi ndi mpweya wabwino zimayenera kuperekedwa popanga ndikupanga pokhazikitsa nthawi yokhazikitsa. Malinga ndi miyezo yomanga, mabowo a kukula kwakukulu (ndi mbali kapena mainchesi 300 mm kapena zochulukirapo) mu minda yowonjezera yomwe ikuphatikizidwa ndi mtanda wa zomangirazo, zomwe zimafunikira powerengera mbaleyo kukhala yolimba.
Ndi malo ophera mbale, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zapadera ndi mabowo (zikwama, sizimasinthidwa bwino kuti zikhale zotsika kwambiri) kapena kupereka zithandizo ndi / kapena zotsekeka. Popanda kulimbikitsidwa komanso kutsimikizika, kuwerengera kumaloledwa kugwira mabowo okha mtunda kuchokera pa nthiti imodzi ya nthiti kupita kwina (mu hoblob Smuble simungathetse zigawo zolimba).
Momwe mungapangire masts popanda ming'alu
Kudwala kooneka ngati nyumba zolimbitsa thupi - ming'alu padenga pamitundu ya mbale ya zosonkhanitsa, zimachitika limodzi pomwe nyumbayo imagwira ntchito. Vuto limeneli sikotheka nthawi zonse kupewa mwayi. Koma mutha kuyesa. Chinsinsi cha chipambano chidzagwiritsira ntchito mbale zapamwamba kwambiri ponyamula mphamvu, kuwongolera mosamala kwa malo osokoneza bongo pa overlap: Simungathe kumanga magawo owoneka bwino pansi ndikukhazikitsa.
Ponena za kusindikizidwa kwa mbale, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba komanso osasiya zopanda pake zomwe zimasokoneza phokoso la mpweya. Nthawi zambiri, chisindikizo cha tubular chimayikidwa pansi pa msoko (motsimikiza, thovu la polyurethane lingagwiritsidwe ntchito), kenako nyike ya Sander Cement-Sandy, Yophika moyenera pamaziko opindika simenti yopanda madzi.
Zoposa 25 mm mulifupi za kaduka zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wobwereketsa moolithic pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ochotsa kapena owopsa komanso kuvomerezedwa.