Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zidasokonekera ndizothandiza, ndipo sizomwe sizili choncho? Timapereka kuyerekezera mitundu yayikulu.
Polyethylene
Pulogalamu ya polyethylene monga njira yotetezera mbewu za kutentha kuchokera kuzizira zimadziwika bwino kwa nyumba za chilimwe kuchokera nthawi za chilimwe. Ngakhale kuti kusankha kwa zinthu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha malo obiriwira ndi nyumba zobiriwira masiku ano ndizakuti, sizinathe kuti zisawonongeke.
Kutha kwa kutumiza polyethylene kumamera mu 80-90%, komwe kumakhudza kukula kwa mbewu zamasamba. Omwe alimi ena amalingalira kuti gawo ili lokwera mokwanira, koma ayi. Zinthu zonse zowonekeratu ndizoyenera kubiriwira kubiriwira, koma zimatha kuvulaza masamba: Kuwala kwambiri kumakhudzidwa kwambiri pamanja ndi chitukuko cha zipatso. Zoyipa zofanana ndi dzuwa zimawonekera mogwirizana ndi nkhaka, tomato ndi Bakhchyerev, zipatso zomwe zimatha kukhala zolemera.
Chifukwa cha filimuyo mkati mwa wowonjezera kutentha, mulingo woyenera wa chinyezi nthawi zonse umathandizidwa nthawi zonse. Nthawi yomweyo, kutentha kwa nthaka kumabedi ndikokwera kuposa kunja. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe apadera amapangidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minda yopupuluma. Sali ozizira kwambiri, chimphepo champhamvu, madigiri kapena chifunga ndi zopitilira muyeso.
Choyipa chachikulu cha polyethylene sichinthu cholakwika kuwonongeka kwamakina: Itha kuguba mwangozi, kuthyoka kapena kudula. Mulingo wa kuvaza kukana kumapangitsanso kuyenera kufuna. Zithunzi zotsika mtengo kwambiri zimangotumiza nyengo imodzi yokha, pomwe mpweya umakhala wadzuwa dzuwa mwachangu, chifukwa cha zomwe wataya ponseponse.
Ma cellcarbonate
Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, polycarbote yachulukitsa mphamvu komanso katundu wabwino wopulumutsa kutentha. Mosiyana ndi filimu yotsika mtengo kuchokera ku polyethylene, imagwirizana ndi katundu pamutuwu, siziwonongeka ndi mphepo ndi matalala, sizimawopa kuti ndi zomenyera. Kuwonekera kwa mapanelo ndi 86%. Nthawi yomweyo, samataya mikhalidwe yawo yogula chifukwa cha ultraviolet, chifukwa chosanjikiza chapadera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mbali yawo yakutsogolo.
Zinthu zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamatenthedwe chilichonse kuchokera -40 kupita ku + 1200c, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zopanda nzeru. Ndiye chifukwa chake moyo wautumiki wa pa cellular polycarbonate uli pafupifupi 15 zaka.
Palibe zofooka zazikulu kupatula zokwera kwambiri (poyerekeza ndi mafilimu), palibe mapanelo a pulasitiki. Chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha kusankha ndikuyika.
Mukamasankha, choyamba, ndikofunikira kuganizira za malo onse owonjezera kutentha. Ngati siikulu kwambiri (mpaka 30 m2), kugula kwambiri pulasitiki iliyonse, pamenepa kuyenera kutsekedwa ku mapanelo ndi makulidwe a 6-8 mm. Pakukonzekera mpaka 20 M2, Polycarbonate ndioyenera kunenepa - 4-6 mm. Zogulitsa za 10 mm ndi pamwamba pa nyumba zazikulu, kuyambira 40 m2.
Monga tafotokozera kale, mapanelo ambiri amakhala ndi zokutira pachiwopsezo cha kuwala kwa dzuwa. Nthawi yomweyo, opanga ena opanga kuti achepetse malonda awo sakuteteza ku ultraviolet. Chifukwa chake, mukamagula, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nkhaniyo yomwe zinthu yomwe zinthuzo sizikuwopa dzuwa.
Khalidwe la Polycarbonate ndilosiyana ndi zabodza:
- Pepala lazikulu. Ma cell owonekera pa cellular polycarbonate ya greenhouses ali ndi makulidwe osachepera 4 mm, komanso otsika mtengo 3-5 mm, ogulitsa, ogula, ndikupereka ogula polybacborbonar muyezo.
- Makulidwe a magawo amkati ndi makoma akunja, ndipo chifukwa chake, ndi zolemera. Tsamba lodziwika bwino la wowonjezera kutentha 6 m yayitali ayenera kulemera 10 kg.
- Kupezeka kwa filimu yapamwamba kwambiri.
Osagwirizana
Nthawi zambiri pamanja mutha kuwona filimuyo kuchokera ku Pulogalamu. Kunja, zimawoneka ngati zopindika zambiri kuchokera ku ulusi wophatikizika wa exarvent. Magulu odziwika kwambiri - Agril, adrasil ndi spun'nbond. Amapangidwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana, koma sikofunikira kuyendayenda, koma makulidwe ake ndi cholinga chake.
Chifukwa chake, oyera ndi owonda "osawonda" a 19 g / m2 amateteza zomera kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi chisanu chaching'ono (mpaka 20 ° C). Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi zambiri popanda malire. Koma Propylene ndiyofunikira (30-60 g / m2) imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi chisanu ku -60c. Nthawi yomweyo, wakuda (60 g / m2) wakuda amateteza mbewu kuchokera ku chinyezi chambiri ndikuyika kukula kwa namsongole.
Zipangizo zosafunikira zimadziwika chifukwa chakuti mpweya, madzi ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kumadutsa muyezo wa mankhwalawo. Mwachitsanzo, mu chilimwe, polypropypyylenee amateteza kutentha, ndipo wakuda (wa masika) sawapatsa iwo hypoogly.
Tsoka ilo, Purnyner, komanso polyethylene, alibe mphamvu zokwanira, mwachangu zimatha komanso kuthamanga. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mulch, nthawi zambiri - ngati pogona pakhwima.
Galasi
Malo obiriwira agalasi amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse m'magawo onse, mosasamala kanthu za malo ndi malo opanga nyengo. Ndipo izi ndizomveka: galasi ngati zinthu zoteteza zokolola kuchokera kunja zomwe zakunja zili ndi zabwino zonse. Ena mwa iwo ndi abwino kwambiri owala, ndipo amasungunuka bwino, komanso kuthekera kopilira matalala ofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, chikwama chomwe chatulutsa chagalasi chimatha kusintha nthawi zonse.
Inde, pali njira zotsika mtengo zopangira wowonjezera kutentha. Komabe, ngati mawindo akale akakhalabe mu barn, mawindo akale ali fumbi, ndiye kuti sakugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Makamaka popeza kugwiritsa ntchito kwa iwo pomanga ndi njira yabwino yopulumutsira.
Chimango ndiwosavuta kutolera zipatso. Kuti muchite izi, simudzafunikanso kupeza zida zapadera, chifukwa nkhuni zimakonzedwa mosavuta. Chifukwa chake, sipadzakhala zovuta ndi kulumikizana kwa zinthuzo. Pasayenera kukhala kusowa kwa zinthu, chifukwa nthawi zonse pamakhala ma billet ena omwe angakhale othandiza pantchitoyo.
Osataya mafelemu akale kuchokera ku akaunti. Adzapulumutsa kwambiri bajeti yabanja ndikukhala nyama yowonjezera kutentha. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti mafelemu akale akuwonetsa kunja mukamasintha mawindo atsopano ndipo mutha kuwasankha kwaulere.
Ngati kapangidwe kokhazikika ndikofunikira, n'zomveka kulamula kuti olimbirana okonzedwa ndi magalasi okhala ndi mawonekedwe a aluminium.
Langizo
- Pomanga malo obiriwira, malekezero a pepala la polycarbonate iyenera kutetezedwa kulowera kwa chinyezi ndi mapula apadera.
- Ndi kutentha mwadzidzidzi, pulasitiki ikhoza kuchepa kapena kukulitsa. Ngati munthawi ya kukhazikitsa sizikuganizira zochitika izi, zomwe zinthuzo zidzasanduka ndipo zimatha kusindikizidwa.
Andrei Kartiv, Dachnik:
Chezani kuyatsa ku wowonjezera kutentha. Aliyense amadziwa momwe kuwonekera kwanja ndikofunikira mu malo obiriwira okolola zamtsogolo, koma kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi zopangira magwero otsetsereka sikunapangitse kugawanika kwa chizolowezi ichi. M'miyala yolima m'nthaka yatsekedwa, cholepheretsa chimachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba (magalasi opangidwa), omwe amayambitsa zowonjezera zapadera (ma busgors) omwe amathetsa gawo lofiira lomwe limalimbikitsa zogwirizana ndi Emerson zotsatira.
Nkhaniyi idasindikizidwa mu mtolankhani "Malangizo a akatswiri" No. 12 (2017). Lembetsani ku mtundu wa magazini ya Magaziniyo.