Zomwe muyenera kunyamula zinthu zosewerera mitengoyo zomwe zimaperekedwa m'nyumba yanu kwa nthawi yayitali, imauza akatswiri omanga.
Masiku ano, pafupifupi mipando yonse, ukalipentala komanso kumaliza mapulani matabwa amapangidwa ndi guluu ndi nkhuni. Nyumba zazikulu ndi zokongola zimapangidwa kuchokera ku bambe uwu. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa "gulu" ndi "Wood"? Wowuka nkhuni, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndikudulidwa m'litali. Awa ndi mipiringidzo, matabwa, patsoli, njanji, ndi zina. Guluu limatchedwa nkhuni, kulumikizidwa ndi kukhazikika m'lifupi. Izi ndi zishango za mipando, zenera sill, ma dipulote, mafilimu osewerera khosi, etc. Mayina awa ndi abwino kwambiri, monga mipando yomweyo imatchinga ndi mipiringidzo ya sprambd, ndi mipiringidzo yopukusira m'matumba ophatikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, tigwiritsa ntchito mawu amodzi - "Cougod". Kukhazikitsidwa kwakukulu kwa nyumba yolowera ndi kapangidwe kobwerezabwereza.
Mtengo wabwino bwanji
Choyamba, mipando ndi Joinery amawoneka okongola. Palibe lingaliro lakuthwa ndi zoyipa. Ntholitsa zomata ndizokonda kwambiri kuwongolera ndipo sizikusweka. Zimapanga mbali zazikuluzikulu: masitepe, masitepe, zenera sill, kumaliza mapanelo, etc.
Mtengo wogulitsira umagulitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a zishango za mipando ndi zikwangwani zamiyala zosiyanasiyana. Chitsanzo chowoneka bwino kwambiri chogwiritsa ntchito mitengo yodula ndikugula kwa zinthu zamasitepe ndi msonkhano. Lero mutha kugula chilichonse pa masitepe opangidwa ndi nkhuni zamatabwa osiyanasiyana: spruce ndi mizere; Kuchokera kwa Oak ndi phulusa, kuchokera ku Lach ndi Cedar ndi ena. Palinso zogulitsa zovomerezeka, ndi masitepe okhala ndi malo osewerera, ndi zipilala zokhala ndi ma baruster, ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana. Zonse - kuchokera ku mtengo wouma ndikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito.
Chinyezi cha nkhuni zouma m'malo mwake uzikhala mkati mwa 6 ... 12%, ndi zowoneka bwino - 8 ... 10%. Ndi chinyezi ichi, mitengo siyikuwoneka kutentha - kutentha konyowa komanso kusokonekera.
Zomwe sizinganene ogulitsa
Ganizirani nthawi yoopsa yogula kudula kwa mitengo yaung'ombe. Kusunga zida ndikuchepetsa mtengo, opanga amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe mungathere ndi guluu (wopota) ngakhale lamelolas wakunja (matabwa akunja akunja mbali ziwiri za bar). Makasitomala nthawi zambiri samakayikira kuti "zigzags" zingapo kuchokera kumapeto kwa nkhuni ziwonekera m'chipindacho. Chifukwa chake, polamula, funsoli liyenera kukambirana pasadakhale.
Kuchepetsa mtengo, opanga amasunga pa nthawi ndi mtundu wa zida zouma komanso mulingo wa guluu, lomwe mu miyezi yoyamba yogwirira ntchito ming'alu m'malo owombera. Izi zikuwoneka bwino kumapeto kwa bar. Ming'alu ya kuchuluka kwa zigawo - osayanjanitsika komanso osamala.
Ndipo pamapeto pake, mtundu wa nkhuni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo a guluu opanga ambiri, nenani, "zimasiyidwa." Zotsatira zake, tili ndi matumba ambiri ang'onoang'ono, osadalirika ngakhale akuwonjezeredwa.
Ntchito yomanga nyumba kuchokera ku bambe ya guluu
Mwa kuyitanitsa chipika, khazikitsani malo otetezedwa kapena ku Annex kwa icho (nthawi zambiri ndi ntchito yaukadaulo pa mgwirizano) zofuna zake). Iyenera kufotokozedwa pamakola, okhazikika kapena okhazikika panja kapena kunja kwa kusowa kwa matumba ndi ming'alu, etc., ndikuwonetsa chitsimikizo cha zaka 5 pamgwirizano.
Pakulandila ma commission, yang'anani zigamba za makalauza. Onetsetsani kuti muyeza chinyezi cha nkhuni - singano chinyezi chotsika mtengo chotsika mtengo komanso kugulitsidwa m'masitolo ambiri.
Zitseko zokhala ndi mapanelo olemera kwambiri patatha zaka 10 zogwira ntchito. Onse ndi NPIS!
Tsoka ilo, sizinapangidwenso ndi gusto ku Ram khodi wa khoma. Pali miyezo yamabungwe omwe ali olemba omwe ali ndi zilembo zosakhalapo. Mwachitsanzo, zana limodzi 775115733-2006 bar. Mikhalidwe yaukadaulo. Mu chikalatachi, malamulo olandirira matabwa pafakitale akuwonetsedwa - atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakulandiridwa kwa bar pamalo omanga ku kontrakitala. Palinso GOPS 20850-84 "mapangidwe opangira matabwa. Zojambula zambiri. " Zimagwiranso ntchito kudula kuchokera pa barji.
Wojowina
Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani akamalamula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja ya Joinery ndi mipando? Chilema pafupipafupi - ming'alu m'malo mwa mafuta olumala komanso kutentha kwa zinthu zamatabwa kuchokera ku mitengo yamagulu. Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwawo ndikuwotcha ndi mpweya wabwino komanso wosauka komanso wopanda mphamvu komanso wolemedwa ndi nkhuni. Chinyezi cha nkhuni zouma kuti mugwiritse ntchito m'malo omwe akupereka kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa 8-10%. Chinyezi chapamwamba (komanso chotsika) chimatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa kutentha, ndikumenya komanso kusweka. Chifukwa chake, mukamamwa katundu ndi mipando kuchokera ku mitengo yakulu, muziwayang'anira mosamala ndikuyeza chinyezi.
Phatikizani malangizo omwe amawapatsa ntchito ya ntchito ndi mipando kuchokera ku mitengo yakulu.
Pali nthawi imodzi yotsutsana yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zikugwiritsa ntchito makina oonda bood - chinyezi mchipinda. Nyumba zamatabwa, chinyezi cha mpweya chili mkati mwa 25-35%. Izi zimakhala bwino kwa anthu omwe akukhalamo. Mu malamulo a CP A Station 64.133330.2011 matabwa. Kusinthidwa kwa Step II-25-80 (Posintha No.) Kulemba zotsatirazi: . " Zinthuzi zikufanana ndi malo okhala mkati mwa nyumba zotentha ndi chinyezi chouma pa SNIP 23-02-2003 "kutetezedwa kwa nyumba".
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kumeneku, kugwiritsa ntchito nkhuni zotamangira mipando ndi matabwa othandizira nyumba zamatabwa nthawi zambiri ndizosatheka. Koma m'Chikalata chinanso chowongolera cha 30494-96 "nyumba za anthu okhalapo. Zolinga za microclimate m'chipindacho "mu Clauca 3.4 zikuwonetsa izi: Chikuwonetsedwa pagome 1 ndi 2. A pagome 1, zikuwonetsedwa kuti mpweya wabwino kwambiri wokhala ndi malo okhala 30-45%. Ndiye kuti, zikalata zapamwambazi zimatsutsana wina ndi mnzake.
Ngakhale m'bafa, tebulo la kuchimbudzi cha patebulo la kuchimbudzi kuchokera matabwa omwe ali ndi chimbudzi chotipititsa ndi chikhulupiriro komanso choona
Makontrakitala ena amatsutsana ndi omwe amaperekanso ntchito yawo yosagwira ntchito. Kuti mupewe zotsatila za kutsutsana kwa zikhalidwe, kumapeto kwa mgwirizano wazinthu ndi mipando yopangidwa ndi mitengo yamitengo yanu ndikuwonetsa chinyezi chenicheni cha mpweya mu mgwirizano. Izi zimamuwopseza mtengo, ndipo "opanga" apamwamba sadzakhala nkhani komanso cholepheretsa kugwira ntchito.
Zokumana nazo
Takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito mipando ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku mitengo yakulu (zitseko, mawindo, matebulo, ndi zina) m'dziko lathuli. Chinyezi cha mpweya sichimapitilira 35%. Ndipo palibe ming'alu ndi kutentha nkhuni, kupatula zochitika zina za kuwonongeka kwa zishango zodzikongoletsera za ma pikiti ambiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo tinaulula chifukwa cha ming'alu iyi - izi ndizofulumira akamapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito matabwa owuma osungidwa osungidwa mu nkhokwe.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti chinyezi cha mitengo yopanda matope chimafika 15%, ndipo ngati atakhala ndi chishango kuchokera kumabodi ndikusiyidwa m'chipinda chotentha - nkhuni zouma mpaka 8-10% ndipo zimapereka shrinkage. Ndipo kung'ambika kumawonekeradi pa cholumikizira. Ngati muli nawo kuti mupirire kuchipinda chotenthetsera sabata - ming'alu siyikuwoneka.
Nkhaniyi idasindikizidwa m'gulu lamagazini "Nyumba" 12 (2017). Lembetsani ku mtundu wa magazini ya Magaziniyo.
