Simenti, gypsum kapena polymer - sungani mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake kake ndikulimbikitsa kuti musankhe.
Zosalala zosalala komanso kupatuka kuchokera kumakoma ndi kudenga (kuyambira 5 mpaka 60 mm), kuyika ming'alu ndi ma seams thandizo. Zimapanga maziko olimba, osalala, koma owopsa a ntchito ina. Ndipo kusalala kumachitika chifukwa cha kufanana kochepa-kongana kwa cholembera. Tithana ndi zomwe Stunda kuti musankhe kukonza.
Zonse za Putty Pastes
SitilakichalaMaonedwe
- Youma kapena yokonzeka
- Cholinga
Putty kuti mutsirize
- Sprice pansi pa pepala
- Busterboard ya pulasitiki
Matayala oyambira osiyanasiyana
- Thabwa
- Dobobobo
Zinthu Zosankha
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabilidwe a shtamy
Zogulitsazi zimaphatikizapo zinthu zitatu zazikuluzikulu. Choyamba, ufa womanga ufa. Pambuyo pa zabwino za madzi, zimayamba kuweta, kenako kukhala dziko lolimba. Kachiwiri, filler, yomwe nthawi zambiri imazungulira marble, miyala yamchenga, choko. Ndipo chachitatu, zosintha zowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti katundu wa yankho. Mwa dzina, mutha kumvetsetsa bwino chinthu ichi ndi chofunda: mu simenti - simenti, mu pulasitala ya gypsum, mu polymer - ma polymer - ma polymer - ma polymer.
Simenti
Mayankho a simenti amapanga malo osungiramo madzi, chifukwa chake ndizabwino popanga maenje, makoma ndi makhoma m'bafa, dziwe ndi zipinda zina zokhala ndi chinyezi. Adzakhala maziko odalirika ochokera kumaya a ceramic matayala ndi miyala yopanda mapu. Zimamveka bwino kuti detty kuti musankhe bafa. Komabe, simenti yosanjikiza nthawi zambiri imapereka shrinkage kapena ming'alu yowuma, makamaka ndi kuphwanya ukadaulo wa ntchito.Gypsum
Gypsum imadutsa, mosiyana ndi simenti, akuopa chinyezi ndipo sakonda kutentha. Komabe, amapanga malo osalala, owuma popanda shrinkage ndi kusweka. Gypsum pakhoma ndi denga ndi mpweya wabwino. Misa yogwirizanitsa ndiyoyenera malo owuma. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa pepala kapena poyenda.
Ma polima
Mayankho a polymeric amaphatikiza zabwino za pulasitala ndi simenti. Amapanga malo olimba komanso osalala, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwezi ngati gypsum - kumapeto koma pokonzekera kukhazikitsidwa kwa makoma ndi kudenga mu zipinda zouma musanayambe kujambula kapena kupaka utoto.
Chifukwa cha zida za pulasitiki, zida za polymeric zimagawidwa mosavuta pa ndege ndi mulingo wake ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito chosungira chobisika kwambiri (mpaka 0.2 mm). Mukamasankha mtundu wofanana, mawonekedwe a zokutira ndi mtundu wa kumaliza umagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ma Polity amapanga zotsika mtengo komanso zosalala, popeza ali ndi zigawo za filimu ochepera (0.05-0.2 mm). Amagawidwa kukhala mapangidwe a chinthu choyambira, akumaliza kulembapo. Makulidwe otsika ndi 1 mm, wachiwiri ndi 0,2 mm.
Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri asayansi a Gorgen amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Cerber Curb.vetonit LR + pakusintha kwamakoma komaliza. Kotero kuti mazikowo asalala - webertonit lr pasitala (pambuyo pouma amathandizidwa ndi khungu la popukutira (tirigu). Chifukwa chake, yankho la Kniaf Polymer kumaliza Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wosanjikiza kuchokera pa 0,5 mpaka 5 mm. ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe omaliza kapena omaliza.
Mapazi a Polymer amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zifukwa zosiyanasiyana: konkritic ndi konkriti wa Gypsim, simenti ), mapepala apapamwamba (gLC). Mankhwala a Polymer samabwezeretsedwa nthawi zonse ndi mafupa a gryk. Opanga ena amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zosakanikirana zapadera chifukwa chodzidzimutsa, monga kuchuluka kwa gypsim Knuf-fugen kapena polymen weber.vetonit JS.
Pambuyo pakulowetsa ndi madzi, ma polimer postes amasunga zinthu zomwe sizingatheke motalikirapo kuposa simenti ndi gypsum. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa maola 15-24. Ndipo nthawi yosungirako ndi masiku 7, monga "cp pro" (MC-Bauchemie) ndi lino. Zachidziwikire, ndi kusokonekera kwa nthawi yayitali pantchitoyi, kuthekera kwa misa iyenera kutsekedwa. Ngati yankho lidasokonekera (mkati mwa nthawi yamphamvu), imalimbikitsidwa popanda kuwonjezera madzi. Kumbukirani: Wopanga nthawi yopuma amatha kusiyanasiyana mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tinene pansi zotsekemera zimachuluka. Kutsiriza ntchito kumachitika pambuyo pouma.
| Mau abwino | Zowopsa |
|---|---|
| Pulasitiki komanso yosavuta kugwirira ntchito. | Oyenera okha ntchito zamkati. |
| Thixotropic. | Monga lamulo, losayenera kuti mugwire ntchito Malo. |
| Ili ndi kutsatira zitsulo zosiyanasiyana. | Ndizokwera mtengo kuposa ma gypsum ndi simenti. |
| Zabwino zimasokoneza zopanda malire. | |
| Kuuma mwachangu. | |
| Palibe shrinkage. | |
| Osasweka. | |
| Zachilengedwe. | |
| Sizitanthauza kuvomerezeka. |
Mitundu ya zinthu
Zosakaniza zouma komanso zonyowa
Zipangizo zopanga zimapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a ufa wouma kapena mu mawonekedwe a chinthu chomaliza. Poyamba, zomwe zili phukusi zimathiridwa m'matumbo am'madzi, poyang'ana gawo lomwe lapangidwa ndi wopanga (nthawi zambiri pafupi 0.3 l 1,3 l 1 makilogalamu a ufa). Kenako yolimbikitsidwa ndi wosakanikirana womanga pamatembenuka ang'onoang'ono musanalandire unyinji wa homogeneous. Ndikotheka kutchera mphindi 5-10 ndikubwereza njirayi kuti mupeze yunifolomu, osati ndi zotumphuka.
Misa yomalizidwa imalimbikitsidwa popanga homogenizer yapadera, yomwe imatsimikizira kuti homogeneity ya yankho, kusowa kwa zotupa, zopanda pake, komwe kumachitika. Mwa njira, popanga malonda amagwiritsa ntchito zosefera zazing'onoting'ono (0.02-0.1 mm). Ikaikidwa, chowonda, chosalala chimapangidwa, chomwe chimatsimikizira kugwiritsa ntchito bwino.
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito njira zotsika mtengo, nthawi zina pophatikiza chiwembu chomwe chikuphatikizidwa kale ndi chatsopano chitha kupanga cholumikizira komanso chosawoneka bwino. Mayankho apamwamba kwambiri amasiyanitsidwa ndi pulasitiki yayikulu: kusankhidwa kumafikira kuseri kwa spatala ndipo amasuta mosavuta. Masters amawayanja chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kusakanikirana koyenera kwa zigawozo, zomwe kenako zimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa utoto komanso utoto wachuma. Zida zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yamakewo zimayenera kupangidwa kokha ku zinthu zopanda madzi.
Cholinga cha Zinthu
Katundu aliyense amapangidwa kuti athetse ntchito zina. Kutengera izi, mapangidwe ake amadziwika.Kuyamba
Kufalikira kwakukulu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira yothetsera vutoli imatha kutseka zolakwika zazikulu kwambiri za maziko, zitha kuyikidwa pa njerwa kapena konkriti. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zigawo chimodzi kapena zingapo pamlingo wa dongosolo lililonse la 10 mm. Kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya nyemba pakati pa mapangidwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika gululi yolimbitsa mphamvu.
Kumaliza
Zinthu zabwino kwambiri, ntchito yayikulu yomwe ndi yomaliza ya ndege. Imakhala yopambana ndi malo opyapyala a 3-4 mm. Zovuta zazikulu sizitha kutseka. Ntchito mutayamba kuphika kapena m'munsi popanda zolakwika.
Chadziko lonse
Kuphatikiza kuthekera kwa kumaliza ndikuyambira misa. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa aliyense wa iwo. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kosavuta ndipo imawuma mwachangu. Zotsatira zake, imapereka chophimba chokhazikika, chosalala. Mtengo wake ndi wokulirapo kuposa womwe umakhala.Opangidwa
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pantchito zina. Mwachitsanzo, kwa mapepala osagwedeza ndi ma concete, kuti mudzaze "vuto", ndi zina. Kupanga kumasankhidwa kutengera zinthu zomwe zilipo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mogwirizana ndi malingaliro a wopanga.
Bwino kuyika makoma pansi pa utoto ndi utoto
Cha pepala
Pansi pa makongoletsedwe a makongoletsedwe sayenera kukhala ndi mantha, ngakhale yaying'ono. Chifukwa chake, mulimonsemo, matenya ndi ofunikira. Mutha kusankha zinthu malinga ndi chingwe chilichonse. Simenti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zipinda zonyowa, pomwe kusiyana kutentha kumachitika pafupipafupi. M'malingaliro, zomwe mungasankhe kutchinga khitchini kapena bafa nthawi zonse zimakhalapo simenti.
Gypsum imayenerera bwino zipinda zouma, chifukwa sizilekerera chinyezi. Ndi pulasitiki kwambiri, yosavuta kugwira ntchito ndiyotetezeka kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, chimakwanira zipinda za ana, zipinda zogona, zipinda zokhala ndi zodzakhala, ndi zina. Njira Yopanda Anthu Onse - Paster Pastes. Ndiwolimba, cholimba, osawopa chinyezi. Sinthani maziko, kugwera pansi. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa utoto, popeza pansi pa pepala mutha kupeza zinthu zotsika mtengo.
Dziwani zabwino kuyika maziko pansi pa pepalali pansi pa pepala, ndikofunikira kutengera mawonekedwe a nkhope. Ngati zolakwika zazikulu zilipo mu mawonekedwe a ming'alu, mapiko kapena tchipisi, gwiritsani ntchito sitemely osakaniza. Amathana ndi zolakwika ngati izi. Pamwamba pamafunika kulekanitsidwa ndi kapangidwe ka Gypsum. Ngati maziko omwe ali ndi zosafunikira kwenikweni ndi oyenera kuti azitsogolera pa intaneti pa pulasitala.
Penta
Pastes imatha kudzaza zoponyerera ndi zosakhazikika popanda mapangidwe. Kuphatikizika kotereku ndi kopambana nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira musanagwiritse ntchito zotupa zowoneka bwino, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi zovuta zazing'ono zomwe zimatumizidwa. Chifukwa chake, tikakayika, kusakankha kuti musapatse utoto, ndibwino kutenga ma polima.
Momwe Mungasankhire Maziko Osiyanasiyana
Zinthu zofunika ndizofunikira. Sikuti pasitala yonse ndiyofanana kwambiri pamaziko osiyanasiyana.Kuposa kukonza mtengo
Mwachitsanzo, vuto, zomwe mungasankhe zokhala ndi nkhuni ndi bwino kuthana ndi ma polima a polima. Zogulitsa zimadziwika ndi zomatira bwino pamalo aliwonse. Ndikofunikira kuthana ndi nkhuni ndi antiseptic kuti muteteze nkhuni kuti muteteze kuvunda.
Bwino kuyika pulasitala
Ambuye osadziwa amakhulupirira kuti palibe njira yowonjezera pa malo owuma. Ili ndi malingaliro olakwika akulu. Ma seams ndi zisoti kuchokera kwa othamanga zidzawonekera pansi pa nsalu zopyapyala, makamaka pansi pa utoto. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati dokotala wowala amaganiziridwa, maziko amatha kusunthidwa kudzeramo. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe ake ndi ofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonza pambuyo pake, kumathandizira kuchotsa nsalu zakale.Kuwala, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mateyo kuti musankhe. Yambani kapena kupezeka paliponse sikofunikira. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha phala labwino. Poyamba, zolumikizana zimapangidwa, zimatha kukulimbikitsani. Pambuyo kuyanika, imayikidwa mu sodi yolimba. Ngati izi sikokwanira, imodzi kapena iwiri ndiyofalitsidwa. Iliyonse iyenera kuyanika bwino asanagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kodi detity kuti musankhe makoma ndi denga
Chitsimikizo chachikulu pakusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa ndi momwe zinthu ziliri. Ndege yotsitsimula iyenera kukhala yosalala, popanda ma dents pang'ono, ming'alu ndi zolakwika zina. Kuphatikiza apo, malingaliro ena angapo ayenera kuwerengeredwa:
- Mawonekedwe owuma ayenera kusankha mapulaneti odziwa bwino. Oyamba ndi abwino kusankha malo okonzeka kwambiri. Zowona, zidzakhala zapamwamba.
- Ngati pali kukayikira posankha mtundu, gwiritsani ntchito chisanu chonse. Iyenera kukwaniritsa ntchito iliyonse.
- Ndikofunika kuti tilingalire mosamala malondawo mosamala. Kukhalapo kwa kuphatikiza kwachilendo kukulankhula za mtundu wotsika.
- Mtundu wa zokutira ndikofunikanso, makamaka ngati kuwala kumaganiziridwa. Pankhaniyi, ufa kapena phala liyenera kukhala loyera.
Tidaganizira zomwe putty kuti tisankhe padenga kapena makoma. Ndikofunikira kuchita izi, kuwongoleredwa ndi momwe amapangidwira. Kusankha koyenera nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta kutengera pulasitala kapena ma polima. Ndi pulasitiki, yosavuta pakugona, kugwera bwino pazinthu zilizonse zachuma. Malinga ndi ndemanga, amafunikira kwambiri.
