Chernobol gahunda: Gusubiramo Ibinyabuzima nuburyo bwo kurambika

Turimo tuvuga ibishushanyo mbonera bya etage: imitungo yo kumaranagurika, gushyira ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho byisanzuye.

Igorofa igomba kuba nziza, irwanya-irwanya, ishyushye, iramba, iramba, iramba, ihendutse. Nigute wabigeraho mugihe utegure amazu? Mu giciro cyuzuye cyakazi ko gucungura, igipimo cyigikoresho cyumukara kimaze gushushanya hasi ni 8-17%. Kubwibyo, akenshi umukiriya yirengagijwe. Kandi kubusa: Parquet ya SQUAKY, ibibara byakuwe kuri Linoleum - Ibi byose ni ingaruka zibyo igikoresho cyirabura cyakozwe.

Niki gishushanyo nuburyo bwo kubikora

Kuva hasi

Kwizerwa kw'inkunga zitandukanye

Amagorofa atose kandi yumye

Ijwi ryumvikana ku rusaku rutandukanye

Ibiranga amagorofa atandukanye

Kuva hasi

Urutonde rwibisabwa nyir'inzu biroroshye: ntabwo anyerera, byoroshye gusukura, urugwiro. Kora ibi byose ntabwo byoroshye. Impamvu nyamukuru zayo:

1. Igishushanyo mbonera. Niki kijyanye nigitekerezo cya "hasi" mubyukuri ni igikona kitagira ingano. Irashobora guhaza ibice gusa nibisabwa muri rusange. Ariko benshi muribo bashimangirwa numutungo wibiri munsi yinzura.
2. Ibisabwa binini byo gushyushya no kubaka inzego zongera imbaraga, ubwinshi bwibishya, ntabwo bigaragariza imigenzo igihe kirekire, ibikoresho.
3. Urujijo mu nyenzi. Hano hari amagorofa mu nyubako kandi hari hasi. Hagati y'igorofa, babaho hamwe. Ikibazo kiri mugabanya ibice icyo kugirango ugaragaze.

SUNIP 2.03.13-88 ntabwo ikemura ikibazo, nta gusobanura ijambo "hasi", ariko ibitekerezo bitanu byanyuma kubigize inzego zigize byose ntibisobanuwe rwose. Mubidukikije byubaka, ibindi bitekerezo bikoreshwa: shingiro, "umukara", shingiro, inkono, kwitegura beto, kuzunguruka, gushyuha hamwe nibice byijwi.

Kubwibyo, ugomba kwerekana urugero rwakazi kuri brigade yo gusana. Niba bazagabanuka gusa kurwego rwiza cyangwa bagashyiramo ibice byose kandi bagashyira ibintu bitwara.

Abanyamategeko mu kubaka umushinga w'igishushanyo mvuye mu rugo kuva ku 50 kugeza 95% by'ibibazo byose by'umurimo. Kurugero, biroroshye gukora urufatiro rufatika rwo guhina ceramic, ariko biragoye cyane - hasi kumitam yicyuma na lags.

Kugira ngo byoroshye gusobanukirwa ishingiro, ibuka ko hasi ari igishushanyo kigizwe na "isuku" n '"umukara". Iryamye kuri fondasiyo ifata umutwaro. Hagati yamagorofa, amasoko nkaya ari ibintu.

Imiterere y '"umukara" biterwa nibisabwa muri rusange, ubwoko bwa "bwera", igishushanyo mbonera.

Mbere yo kwemeranya n'abamwubatsi, hitamo:

• Nibihe bisabwa mu turere dukora two mu nzu;
• Nkuko icyumba gikurwaho kuri shaft ya lift;
• Ufite abaturanyi b'abana urusaku;
• Ni ibintu biremereye: Aquarium nini, igituba gishyushye, piyano, itanura.

Noneho kora umushinga wo gutunganya inzu. Ibigoye cyane gahunda zawe, nibyitoza bigomba gukorwa.

Kwizerwa kw'inkunga zitandukanye

Guhuzagurika bigabanyijemo beam, plab na monolithic. Igishushanyo giterwa n'imiterere yabo.

Beam

Mu gitambaro hejuru, gutwara ibintu biraramba: ibiti, ibyuma, byashimangiye beto.

Ibiti by'ibiti

Ibiti byimbaho ​​biboneka mu nyubako zishaje zizamuka. Ibyuho hagati y'ibiti bifunze hamwe n'ibiti. Igice cya "Umukara" gikorerwa kuri lags, bishyizwe hejuru y'ibiti. Kuva hasi ku biti, igisenge munsi yinzu giherereye. Kubwamahirwe, gusana ibiti byimbaho ​​bitabangamiye igisenge cyabaturanyi bo hasi ntibishoboka.

Ibyuma kandi bishimangira ibiti bifatika

Icyuma kandi cyashimangiye imipaka ya beto y'ibirango cyangwa igice cy'amahanga cyakoreshejwe mu ngo z'Inyubako z'Abasoviyeti zikagera kuri mirongo itandatu mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri. Amabati yo hepfo yicyo kibeshyi arashobora gushyirwa muburyo bwa plaster cyangwa impeta zifatika, cyangwa ibyapa bifatika. "Umukara" Pawulo muri uru rubanza arashobora gukorwa ku mugwari cyangwa kuri scleard. Kuva ubwo yasanaga, ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka kugura amasahani yibanze, asimburwa na monote yashimangiye beto yinjiye mucyumba cyose, akajugunya ahantu hejuru yibiti. Nkibikoresho no gushimangira, rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa ku rupapuro rutoroshye.

Mu mazu yo kubaka mirongo irindwi - urukurikirane rwa mirongo inani, ruzwi cyane, p-3, p - 56, p - 55 hamwe n'aho bahinduye, ibice byashimangiwe hasi. Bashobora kugira ubugari bwa 1.2 kugeza kuri 3.6, uburebure bwizina kuva kuri 2.4 kugeza 6.6 mm. Barashobora gukora amagorofa "yumukara" kuri lags cyangwa kuri scled. Bike akenshi byujuje ibyapa byinshi hamwe nubwinshi bwa mm 220. Bari murukurikirane rwa kera, urugero, II-68, no muri New: na-155. Tanga ibitekerezo byiza kuruta amasahani akomeye.

Kurenga ku biti by'ibiti: 1 - "Isuku" hasi; 2 - Lag; 3 - gutsindwa; 4 - amazi; 5 - igiti; 6 - Ibumba ry'ibumba; 7 - Duncar; 8 - Plaster; 9 - Ibiti bya Cranial; 10 - Itsinda rikingira

Kuringaniza ibiti by'icyuma hamwe na gari ya moshi ibanziriza amasaha yose munsi y'ibitaramo: 1 - "isuku" hasi; 2 - lalwalk; 3 - igiti; 4 - Isahani ya gari ya moshi; 5 - amazi; 6 - Plaster Grid; 7 - Plaster

Kurenganya ibiti by'ibyuma bifite ibyapa bya gari ya moshi. 1 - "Isuku" hasi; 2 - lalwalk; 3 - Isahani ya gari ya moshi; 4 - igiti; 5 - amazi; 6 - Amatafari; 7 - Plaster Grid; 8 - Plaster

Kurenganya ibyapa bya gari ya moshi hamwe nijwi rizengurutse: 1 - Amabati; 2 - kole; 3 - Gusuka igisubizo; 4 - yasobanuye; 5 - R / B isahani irenga

Amagorofa atose kandi yumye

"Umukara" ukurikije imiterere yihariye yo gukora bigabanijwemo bitose kandi byumye. Iyo ushizeho icyambere, ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugushukwa nibigize amazi: Amazi cyangwa Polymer. Bakeneye igihe cyumisha, gikomeye.

Amagorofa atose arimo:

• guseswa n'amazi, nka beto, sima-umusenyi, gukubita - na gypsum beto, beto ifura;
• Ikinini, ukoresheje polymer resion nkigice cya binder (polyinethane, epoxy, polyester).

Imikorere nyamukuru yinkombe ni ugukosora inenge: Kunanirwa, intambwe, intambwe, kugoreka, urwego rutonyanga. Ukoresheje sction, urashobora gukora ahahanamye cyangwa intambwe kumupaka wibice hamwe nimbaraga zitandukanye. Irafunzwe n'imiyoboro n'insinga zinyura mu ipfundo.

Kuganira cyane, umuriro urwanya umuriro, ariko urashobora kuryama gusa kuruhande rwa plab. Nyamukuru Plus - kuri bo urashobora gukuramo ubwoko bwose bwo gutora.

Igorofa yumye arimo:

• gufunga ku buhungiro;
• itsinda hamwe na karuvati yumye;
• Guhinduka.

Ijwi ryumvikana ku rusaku rutandukanye

Urusaku rwatanzwe kubaturanyi gusa kuva hepfo, ariko no mubyumba byose byinzu. Niba kandi urusaku mu nzu rukurikira ruzemererwa, umuturanyi ashobora kugutera gusana ibinyuranye mu rukiko.

Urusaku rwagabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: umwuka (imvugo, umuziki, kwitotomba kw'amazi) n'ingoma, imigendekere, ibibyimba, gukomanga ibikoresho byo murugo). Kurwanira nabo muburyo bwinshi.

Urusaku rwindege

Urusaku rwindege gutinda ibintu. Misa ni ngombwa hano. Amajwi yumvikana ntashobora gucukura ibintu byinshi. Niba misa irenga 350 kg / m2 (icyerekezo cya slab ikomeye ifite ubunini bwa mm 160), urusaku rwo mu kirere rwaragutse neza. Bitabaye ibyo, muburyo bwa "Umukara", birakenewe gushiramo urwego rwumvikana mubikoresho bya gare.

Urusaku

Hamwe nurusaku rwingaruka, biragoye cyane guhangana nabyo. Ubwinshi bwibishushanyo mbonera hano nabyo ni ingirakamaro, ariko birushijeho gutandukanya interlayers mubikoresho byuburyo bwa fibrous hamwe nimiyoboro yoroheje hamwe na molasitine ntoya. Hano, imbaraga zamajwi yumvikana zikoreshwa ku ihindagurika ryindege nurukuta rwa miriyoni za mikoroni.

Inzego zisanzwe zikoreshwa mumazu yubaka mirongo inani, amahame mashya yo kwigana amajwi ntabwo atanga. Kubwibyo, hamwe nubucumuzi, sisitemu ishaje ntigisubiramo, ariko kurema ibishya. Ibikoresho ni ngombwa, aho biherereye, ibishushanyo bishya. Kurugero, birahagije kugirango ushireho interlayer nziza, ariko munsi yayo.

Hifashishijwe sitidiyo yicyuma, abatabaje barashobora gutezwa imbere munsi ya mm 150-200, gushyira gahunda yo kugenzura nibiba ngombwa

Muri ubu buryo, birashoboka gukora umwanya wubusa wo gutwika itumanaho iryo ari ryo ryose - kuri electrocabels kuri pipes hamwe na ba sheIT ya sisitemu ya Ventilation

Byongeye kandi, igishushanyo gifasha kunoza ibiranga ubushyuhe burenze urugero, kimwe no gutanga inyongeramuki zumwuka kandi (kurwego ruto) urusaku rwinshi - hamwe niyi ntego, ubwoya bwamabuye y'agaciro bwashyizwe hagati ya lags

Isuku nshya:

• "Kureremba";
• Guhagarikwa igisenge hamwe n'urusaku rwinshi;
• Y'isahani ebyiri zitandukanijwe.

Urwego rureremba "rureremba" nuburyo bukunze kurwanya urusaku rwahungabanijwe. Igitekerezo cyibishushanyo ni uko igikonoshwa gikomeye gishyirwa ku buriri bwa elastike kandi ntireba gusa urufatiro cyangwa urukiko cyangwa inkuta. Urusaku rucika intege cyane.

Nigute wahitamo ibikoresho bya susulator:

• Munsi ya lags, amata yikirahure urusimbi uryamye ku biti akora neza, kandi inkuta zizamuka ku rwego rwa PLIT. Hanze yimpapuro za chip cyangwa imbibi zururimi zuzuye, ukanda cyane imana z'ikirahure kurukuta;
• Munsi ya beto ya screte, amata yinshi kuva muri basalt ubwoya bwa basalt cyangwa polyethylene, no kurukuta - imirongo ni urushyi ari urusaku rwikirahure gifite mm 20 - 30. Hejuru ya matasi yuzuyemo firime ya polyethylene, kuyizinga kurukuta, hanyuma usuke igisubizo kumiterere yubuzima;
• Ku bijyanye n'ububasha, abastal bardo-fibre canvas layer 20 - 30 mm hamwe na sima-umucanga-umucanga ufite ubunini bwa mm 50.

Ibipimo byumvikana kubijyanye no guhuza beto bashimangiwe hamwe nubwinshi bwa mm 140:

Ibice (kuva hejuru kugeza hasi)	Igishushanyo
imwe	2.	3.	bane	bitanu	6.
Ikibaho cya Parquet (18mm) kuri HM *			+.	+.
Ikibaho cya Parquet (28mm) kuri HM.					+.
Igice cya Parquet (17mm) kuri HM.	+.	+.
Linoleum PVC hamwe nigitambara (3mm) kuri HM.						+.
Ipanyo rya Fiber Clate (4mm) kuri HM	+.	+.				+.
Isahani fiber chard (4mm) kuri g. **		+.
Isahani fiber Yoroheje M1 (212mm) kuri HM	+.	+.	+.	+.
Ikibaho cya Igorofa (25mm)						+.
Laga yimbaho ​​8040mm, intambwe ya 400mm					+.	+.
Gasket kuva DVP-M1 (12mm)					+.	+.
Ruberoid, 1 kuri G.M. (3mm)		+.		+.
Ubunini bwose buse, mm	49.	52.	42.	45.	77.	70.
Ubwinshi bwibishushanyo, kg / m2	39.	47.	mirongo itatu	38.	34.	32.
Inkingi yisuku yindege yinkingi ya RB, DB	52.	52.	53.	53.	53.	51.
Ironderero ryavuzwe urusaku ruvunika munsi ya LNW, DB	65.	65.	65.	65.	65.	66.
Icyitonderwa: * H.M. - Mastic ikonje; ** G.M.- Mastic ishyushye

Ibiranga amagorofa atandukanye

Kuri lags

Ibyiza:

• Igikoresho cyumushinga wanditse kuri lags ikoreshwa niba ukeneye kubika parquet cyangwa ikibaho mubyumba. Urufatiro ruva mu tubari na Plywood rusubiza impinduka mubushyuhe nubushuhe kimwe nigiti cyo kubyimba, kugabanya ibyago byo kubyimba, gutandukanya imbaho ​​nimbaho;
• Igishushanyo kibyemerera, nta bwiyongere bukomeye mumutwaro hashingiwe hamwe nibikoresho bike byibikoresho, urwego indangagaciro zurwego rwa cm zigera kuri 10;
• Urufatiro nk'urwo rushobora gutegurwa vuba kurusha uwatose, kandi rwemerewe guhita ashyira urufatiro.

Ibidukikije:

• Umubare ntarengwa wa shingiro ni mm 50, no munzu hamwe na mm 250-65, gutakaza uburebure bwibanze ntibuzatirengagiza;
• Igishushanyo ntitinya amazi, kandi kubijyanye n'umwuzure, birashoboka cyane ko uzasenywa, rwumye kandi uhindukirwe igice kirambuye;
• Urubwigo rwa LAG rufatwa nkizewe kuruta, kurugero, beto, nubwo byoroshye gusana.

Hitamo Urugereko rwumyemo amagambo: neza rwose, udakurikirana ibimenyetso hamwe no gutandukana kwinjura. Inenge ku bituba nkibisanzwe, kandi nyamara ipfundo n'ibice rimwe na rimwe bihura. Niba abarashi batazabitaho kandi bakanga ibicuruzwa bimwe, birashoboka ko igihe cyose hasi izatangira guhana. Rimwe na rimwe, ibikoresho bihinduka kubibura hanyuma bitangira kubuzwa gato mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho. Ntibishoboka gukuraho amahirwe yo kurwana na nyuma - kurugero, nyuma yo guhamya gushyushya.

Kwizerwa nabyo biterwa nikoranabuhanga. Kugirango bahuze no kwizirika kuri plaque bakoresha imirongo itandukanye.

Umurongo na dowel birakwiriye niba ibiti bigomba kuzamurwa hejuru yikipe ntarengwa ya mm 40. Mugihe kimwe, umurongo ufatika ni amasahani ya telolite yubwinshi cyangwa kudomo bubiri bwa plastike: bararamba kandi bafite ubufasha bworoshye kandi bahita bashiraho gutinda kurwego rumwe. Gutesha agaciro kwamata ariko birakwiriye, ariko ntibikwiye gukorana nabo.

Ariko chip yimbaho, gukata fiber cloborboall cyangwa yumye kumpera ntabwo ihuye - irashobora gucamo no kuva mumutwaro.

Amategeko agenga ibikoresho byoherejwe kuri lags:

1. Mbere yo gutangira akazi, icyuho kiri hagati yisahani gikeneye gufunga witonze pil-sima. Iyo itumye, ubuso bwifuzwa bwifuzwa cyane no gucekwa hamwe na polymer prismber kugirango igabanye amahirwe yo kwinjira mucyumba cyo hasi.
2. Lags nibintu bikoreshwa muguhuza bigomba gukosorwa neza. Ariko, ingano numubare wimyobo yimikorere byifuzwa kugabanya.
3. Gukubita gutora munsi yumutwaro 150 kgf kurubuga hagati yinzego ntigomba kurenga mm 2. Ni ukuvuga, hamwe no kwiyongera mu ntambwe y'inkunga (mu myitozo isanzwe kuva cm 80 kugeza 120, birakenewe kongera hamwe nigice cya lag.
4. Gushiraho no guhuza imitwe ntibigomba kuba bitaramba kuruta kwiba ubwabo.
5. Ijoro ryose ku ngingo yimpapuro za pally zigomba guhuzwa na grinders.

Cork lebans ifatanye na lagas

Kora imikorere yinsanganyamatsiko ya elastike no kwimura ibivi bivuye muri plywood shingiro

Ibikoresho byiza byimikorere ikomeye ya lags - plywood zitanga amazi

Ubukungu bwinshi - OSP

Gutinda bigomba kuba byumye kandi bikatiwe. Ubushuhe ntabwo burenze 12%, bitabaye ibyo bagoreka. Ntabwo bazanwa ku rukuta rwa MM 20-30, ibyemezo byuzuye ubwoya bwamabuye. Ku mwobo umuzi ugomba gushingira hejuru yubuso bwose. Kubwibyo, bashyizwe muburyo bworoshye bwa chipboard, nabyo bikora nkijwi ryumvikana.

Ubushyuhe bwose kandi bumvikanye inyuma inyuma bugomba kubarwa kugirango utwike kama. Hagati yo kuzuza hamwe na trim yimbaho, hagomba kubaho umwanya wubusa ufite uburebure bwa mm 20 kugirango uhuze igiti. Uyu mwanya ntugomba guhuzwa ninyoni zo mu nkike. Mu mfuruka yibyumba nibyiza gukora ibisabwa, ubakinguye na gride.

Pawulo asiba kuri scyreed:  1 - "Isuku" Ubuyobozi bwa Fest; 2 - Imva; 3 - lag; 4 - Ubushyuhe n'amajwi meza; 5 - amazi; 6 - Beto ya scred

Igorofa ku Screeds

Ntabwo bitemewe guhuza shitingi ya beto cyangwa umusaza wa screed, asuka minisiteri. Ibikoresho bibiri bifite aganshinga bitandukanye, bityo gravery irashinyagurira kandi ikavunika. Rovic ikurikira hamwe na polymer sima. Ariko imidendezi nshya ihuye na sima, ariko birakenewe ko ubikora bitarenze amasaha 6 nyuma yo gukora amashusho. Niba biteganijwe kubona ubuso busa neza hamwe na beto ya polymer, ikoreshwa hejuru ya screed, kubwibikenewe gukoresha beto iramba ryicyiciro cya 15 na hejuru, cyangwa sima-umusenyi-umusenyi-umusenyi w 250.

Amagorofa afite ubushyuhe no gutanga amazi

Mu rwego rwo mu bushyuhe, ubusanzwe ntabwo bibaho, kuko mu gihe cy'amajyaruguru yahawe icyubahiro, kandi ibikoresho byijwi bikoreshwa birabujijwe ubushyuhe bubitswe neza. Amazi arakenewe gusa mubice bitose: mugikoni, mu bwiherero, mucyumba cyo kumesera. Kubwibyo, kwagura ubwiherero cyangwa igikoni, ntukibagirwe gutegura byemewe. Amakosa arasanzwe mugihe ukoresheje ibikoresho bya birume. Barahendutse, ariko bitumen ishishikajwe no gusenya igihe. Kubwibyo, ahantu hatuwe cyane, kwigunga kwatumen bigomba gukoreshwa mubice bibiri. Igice cy'amazi kigomba kuba ku rukuta kugeza uburebure bwa mm 300. Mbere yo kurambika inkwaka rya beto cyangwa sima-umucanga, ugomba kubura umucanga ushyushye kugirango ukande umucanga wizewe kugirango uhagarike imibonano mpuzabitsina wizewe kandi ukoreshe amazi kuri latex.

Kubaka inkuta nshya hasi aho byari bisenyutse mugihe cyo gucungwa cyangwa mumazu, kwiyegurira mugihe urangije, ntukibagirwe kubyerekeye ubwitonzi nudukoryo. Ingoma rigomba gukorwa "kureremba". Ibice bishya bigomba gushingira gusa ku buryo buhuje, byegeranye, ndetse no ku zindi nyubako zashyizwe mu mpande zombi na gisenge, binyuze mu gasuke ya elastike.

Gahunda yujuje ubuziranenge ya Fondasiyo iterwa n'imiterere y'amajana y'ibipimo n'ikoranabuhanga. Ikintu cyose gitekerejwe mbere kandi cyanditswe ku mpapuro kizagukiza amafaranga, igihe n'imbaraga zingana.