Sisitemu Incamake Urugo: Imikorere, ibikoresho hamwe ninama zo guhitamo

Turimo kuvuga amazu yubwenge twandika imyaka 15 ishize - baravuga bati: Hano hari igikinisho nk'iki kubakire. Ariko, uyumunsi urugo rwubwenge ruva mu buryo bwihariye ruhinduka ibisanzwe, rugera ku baturage bo hagati. Reka tugerageze kumenya ibintu nkibi "biboneka".

Ifoto: Denys Prykhodov / Fotolia.com, JonIshFoto.pl/Fotolialia.com

Muri sisitemu yo munzu yubwenge, uruganda rwibikoresho byinshi byo murugo bihujwe numuyoboro rusange wo gucunga uvugwa. Ibikoresho bifitanye isano nuyu muyoboro bifite ibikoresho byabo "mudasobwa kuruhande", ibice bya sensor na sensor, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa metabolic. Ukoresheje ibi bikoresho amakuru, buriwese arashobora guhinduka. Rero, urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwikora ibikoresho bihujwe byemezwa, kimwe nubushobozi buke bwibikorwa byabo. Byongeye kandi, barashobora kubona imirimo mishya batishoboye mbere yibyo. Firigo ihuza nirindi, kurugero, irashobora gukora menu ishingiye kubicuruzwa biboneka muri yo, uzirikana abatuye isuku, hamwe na ba kanzani zisukuye ya robo, zizashobora Reba ibibera murugo mugihe badahari.

Sisitemu yumutekano igufasha gutegura ikurikirana rya kure ryibyumba byose hamwe nubufasha bwa kamera nziza, cyane cyane kubishobora gutera imbere - imiryango yinjira. Ifoto: Studio ya Afrika / Fotolia.com

Imigaragarire yoroshye kandi yumvikana ya Smart Home Intete. Ifoto: inste.

Ikiranga inzu ya kijyambere cyubwenge niyongera cyane mumibare yibikoresho birashobora gutunganya no guhana amakuru. Ikiguzi cya microcomputer hamwe nibindi bintu bikenewe bya elegitoroniki bigabanuka cyane. Noneho itangirira kumarika y'ibihumbi 1. Ntabwo bitangaje kuba ibikoresho binini byo murugo nibikoresho byo murugo bigenda biyongera hamwe nibice bya elegitoroniki - kugeza kumatara yamashanyarazi (Philipos, ni ugutera imbere no gushyira mubikorwa amatara muri sisitemu yo gucana kumuhanda). Niki? Muri buri kibazo, ikemura imirimo itari mike. Firigo zitanga menu ishingiye ku isesengura ry'ibicuruzwa bipakiye, imashini zoza hamwe na kawa zirashobora gutangira kure yo guteka icyayi n'ikawa, ibyuma bya interineti birashobora kuzimya kure, niba wibagiwe kubikora, kandi TV ubwazo ziradutwara ibirimo.

Kuboroherereza imicungire ya sisitemu zose biterwa nubworoherane bwimikoreshereze. Ifoto: Kange Studio / Fotolia.com

Terefone zigezweho cyangwa mudasobwa ya tablet igufasha gucunga "Smart Home sisitemu yubuvugizi butarenze imbaho zidasanzwe.

Ibintu bya interineti

Internet yibintu IOT (Internet yibintu) ni igitekerezo aho ibintu bifite ibikoresho byitumanaho (interineti), bituma imikoranire hagati yabo cyangwa hamwe nibidukikije byo hanze. Ibi nibintu byo gukoresha kugiti cyawe. Hariho kandi ibintu byo gukoresha mumazu ninyubako. Bitwa "ibintu bya interineti mu nyubako", cyangwa biot (kubaka interineti yibintu). Rero, iot na biot hamwe nibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi bisabana numuntu. Uyu munsi, amazu yubwenge akoresha ikoranabuhanga rya biot ritangira kugaragara. Kubwamahirwe, kugeza ubu, ibintu byose bitateganijwe nka robo cyangwa abafite isuku cyangwa ibisigazwa bya vacuum bidateganijwe muri yo. Isi ibereye gusa guhuza ubwoko bwose bwibikoresho muri sisitemu imwe. Microsoft na IBM bamaze gutanga igitekerezo ku mahame yabo kubwibi, ariko kugeza igihe gukoresha muri rusange biri kure cyane. Mugihe dushobora gukoresha ibisubizo mumubiri umwe, ariko ntabwo buri gihe.

N'ibikoresho bya Smeg birashobora kugenzurwa kure ukoresheje porogaramu ya SMG. Ifoto: Smeg.

SENORY Igenzura Panel Amx MVP-5200i. Ifoto: AMX

Ikindi gitandukaniro cyingenzi cyinzu za kijyambere zubwenge ni ubufasha bwabo. Mbere, sisitemu byanze bikunze ifite ikigo runaka cya tekiniki aho mudasobwa yashinzwe kandi ifite ibikoresho byinfashanyigisho, kurugero, kugirango ubike amakuru. Noneho ibigo nkibi byayo ntibishobora - micropputer "hasi" kopi yimikorere yamakuru, hamwe na sisitemu ya interineti bikoreshwa mugukubitwa amakuru.

Mielep @ porogaramu igendanwa yashyizwe kuri terefone cyangwa tablet igushoboza gucunga tekinike ya miele. Ifoto: Miele.

Ihuriro rya sisitemu zitandukanye hamwe na protocole zitandukanye zamakuru ni umurimo utoroshye usaba umubare munini wa Adapter module. Irashobora koroshya mugukora igikoresho rusange cyurugo rwubwenge. Insanganyamatsiko zikura gadget nk'iyi - Urugo rwuzuye "rwubwenge", ufite modules zose zo gukurikirana no gucunga umwe-umwe. Imbere y'urubanza ruto, module isimbuye sisitemu 20 yurugo yubatswe muri: Hano kuri kamera ya IP ya HD ip, mikoro, umwenda, ibyambu, ubushuhe, umwotsi, umwotsi, Umucyo, ubushyuhe, nibindi bisobanuro. Igikoresho nkiki gikiza 80% byamafaranga yo gushyiraho sisitemu yubuhanga munzu.

Sergey Griribnov

Umuyobozi mukuru Insish

Ubwoko bwibikoresho byurugo rwubwenge

Niki ukeneye gukora nyirurugo ushaka gukora mudasobwa yawe cyane murugo rwawe? Mbere ya byose, akeneye kumenyera byibuze hamwe nurutonde rugufi rwibintu bihari kandi bagena ibikenewe. Dutanga abashakishijwe cyane.

Sisitemu y'ikirere

Gukosora byikora imikorere ya sisitemu yo gushyushya kandi ikirere ahantu hatandukanye, bitewe no kubaho cyangwa kubura abantu nibihe. Kugenzura kure.

Sisitemu yo gucana

Ku mucyo no ku mucyo bitewe no kubaho cyangwa kubura abantu mu byumba; Guhindura byikora byurwego rwumucyo bitewe numucyo usanzwe; Ibintu bitandukanye byo gukora no kwidagadura ("abashyitsi", "cinema yo murugo", "gusinzira", nibindi). Kugenzura kure.

Umunyabwenge Wi-fi-sock hs110 (tp-link) hamwe nigenzura ryabakoresha imbaraga bigufasha kugenzura ibikoresho bihujwe nayo hari interineti ukoresheje porogaramu igendanwa ya kasa. Ifoto: TP-LINK

Ubuyobozi busimbuye Module yo kwishyiriraho muri sisitemu zitandukanye "murugo rwubwenge". Ifoto: Somfy.

Sisitemu yumutekano

Kurinda uburyo butemewe bwo gutura, biva mu mazi bimeneka, kumeneka, umuriro, uburinzi bwa perimetero. Ibishoboka byo kugenzura kure hejuru yimyanya yinzu.

Urugo rwubwenge Domotix.pro irashobora kugenzurwa haba kurukuta no kuva kuri iOS kubuntu cyangwa porogaramu ya Android. Ifoto: Domotix.pro.

Izuba

Sisitemu yo kugenzura umwenda, impumyi, shitingi ya roller muburyo bwikora - bitewe nigihe cyumunsi nubwinshi bwizuba, ubushobozi bwo gushiraho umwenda neza mugihe cyangwa iminsi yicyumweru. Kugenzura kure.

Impumuroke. Ifoto: Somfy.

Gukora umwenda, birakenewe guhitamo ibikoresho byahuza na sisitemu yo murugo yubwenge. Kurugero, amashanyarazi ya somfy afite ibikoresho bya Glydea yakiriye Glydea kwakira Radio Kwakira Protocole ya RTS (Isosiyete ikora kuri radiyo) (IJAMBO RY'IMITERERE). Iyi ni protocole ifunze hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwo kurinda. Mugutezirira izindi mikorere ya "Smart Homen", uburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo bwa Glydea butangwa. Kwinjizamo bizahinduka gusa kuri module ya disiki ubwayo. Abandi bakora imyenda yimyenda barashobora kugira amahitamo yabo. Kurugero, disiki ya Xiaomi ishyigikira protocole ya zigbee kandi irashobora guhuzwa nurugo rwubwenge kuva kuri Xiaomi imwe, kimwe na, reka tuvuge, kuri sisitemu yo murugo MyHome MyHome Umukono ukoresheje protocole imwe.

Kunywa amashanyarazi no kuzigama ingufu

Sisitemu yo gucunga ibikoresho bitwara amashanyarazi, gukwirakwiza umutwaro no guhuza bitewe numutwaro wumuyoboro. Gukurikirana ibipimo bimwe, sisitemu ntizemera imikorere idakwiye ya sisitemu zitandukanye (kurugero, kwinjiza amatara kumanywa kumuhanda cyangwa gushyushya hamwe na chaw). Ndashimira ubuyobozi bwubwenge, kugabanuka gukomeye kubikoresha amashanyarazi bigerwaho (bitarenze 30-38%), amazi (15-25%), gaze (kuri 20-35%).

SMART yayoboye wi-fi itara lb130 hamwe namabara ahinduka (TP-LINK). Ihuza rya Wi-Fi, kugenzura kure ya kure, Android na IOS. Ifoto: TP-LINK

Ubuyobozi bwa Autovioviovideo

Ibintu bya sisitemu yubuhanga "urugo rwubwenge". Kureka umwotsi. Ifoto: Fotolia.com.

Sisitemu igufasha gucunga ibikoresho byose byamajwi nibikoresho bya videwo, sinema yo murugo, sisitemu ya acoustic. Ukoresheje inyandiko, urashobora gushiraho imbaraga kuri, amajwi amajwi, gufata porogaramu, hanyuma ubikine mugihe runaka.

Dukurikije abasesenguzi, bitarenze 2020, interineti y'ibintu (IOT) ntibizashyira hamwe ibikoresho bya miliyari 26 bifite agaciro ka miliyari 300 z'amadolari.

Nigute wahitamo sisitemu yo murugo

Icyerekezo. Ifoto: Fotolia.com.

Ako kanya Menya ko abadafite ubumuga hamwe niki gikorwa bidashoboka ko bahangana. Ariko kugirango ugere kuri sisitemu yubwenge yubwenge, birakenewe kumenya ko iyi sisitemu ikubiyemo ubwoko butatu bwibintu. Ubwa mbere, abashinzwe kugenzura. Ibi nibikoresho bigenzura bihuza ibice byose bya sisitemu hamwe nuwisi. Sensor ifitanye isano nabashinzwe kugenzura (urugero, icyerekezo, urwego rwo kumurika, kwanduza amakuru yerekeye imiterere yo hanze nibyabaye, nibikoresho byamashanyarazi, nibindi), nibindi), nibindi Ibikoresho, bihujwe na sisitemu yubwenge. Kuri sisitemu yubwenge, byibura umugenzuzi umwe azasabwa, abakoresha benshi bahuye nibikoresho nkibi byerekeranye nigikoresho cyangwa impumyi, imiryango ishyushya. Byongeye kandi, bimwe byinyongera, nkibikoresho byimbaraga cyangwa, reka tuvuge, kwakira amakuru kumuyoboro wa radio cyangwa umuyoboro wa Caral (Urugero, kandi ikintu runaka ntigishobora guhuzwa ninsinga).

Gahunda y'urusobe rwa Itho. Ibikoresho byose bigenzurwa ukoresheje terefone cyangwa mudasobwa igendanwa. Ifoto: Bobboz / Fotolia.com

Niba ushaka kubona urugo rwubwenge rugoye kuruta igisubizo "mumasanduku imwe", noneho ugomba gukoresha amafaranga kubikoresho no gushushanya akazi.

SMS module kuri din rake hdl-mgsm.431 (HDL). Ifoto: HDL.

Guhuza ibimenyetso bitandukanye bya Algorithms bikoreshwa muguhana amakuru - Guhana amakuru atandukanye (Wired na Wireless, ukoresheje umuyoboro wa Wi-Fi). Hano hari protocole nyinshi zitandukanye, bamwe muribo babona kugabura kwagutse, bamwe bakoreshwa byihariye. Kurugero, wired modub na knx data yamakuru, kimwe nikirusiya (inste) nigishinwa (HDL) cya nyuma cya nyuma cyakiriwe. Protocole ya Dali ikoreshwa mu kugenzura ibikoresho byo gucana; Z-umuhengeri na zigbee protocole ikoreshwa mubudaya bwiza muri sisitemu idafite umugozi.

Ihererekanya kuri Din Rail 4-Umuyoboro, 16 a kumuyoboro (HDL). Ifoto: HDL.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'urugo rwubwenge guhitamo? Isoko ryuburusiya ryibiryo byubwenge bisa nkibi: 50% ni ibiranda b'amahanga (Amerika, Ubudage, Otirishiya). Mubihe byinshi, ibikoresho byabo byubahiriza knx cyangwa EIB / KNX. Iyi ni nziza-yo murwego rwohejuru, ariko bihenze kubice bya premium mumitungo itimukanwa. 20% by'isoko bifata ibirango by'Abarusiya bya "Smart Home", ibyinshi muri byo bipfukwa gusa ku "Abakora" n '"abashinzwe". Mubyukuri, ibikoresho byabo byakuwe mu ntera itandukanye y'abashinwa batandukanye kandi bagatanga ubwabo. Iterambere nyaryo n'imisaruro ihuriweho na Sisitemu ihuriweho "mu rugo rwa Smart" mu Burusiya ikora ibigo. Urashobora gutandukanya abakora nyabo imbere yabapatesi hamwe ninzego ziterambere.

Kumurika kuri module, umwenda, ikirahure gikoraho panel thermostats (Schneider School). Ifoto: Amashanyarazi ya Schneider

30% isigaye ni "ishyirwa mu gasanduku", ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yoroshye yo gucunga inzira kugiti cye murugo. Bitwa urugo rwubwenge gusa, ariko kubwibyo ni ibikinisho gusa.

Ibintu bya sisitemu yubuhanga "urugo rwubwenge". Kamera ya Wi-Fi. Ifoto: TP-LINK

Hagati, inzu yubwenge ihinduka ku nzu cyangwa inzu nto itangwa ku mubare w'ibihumbi 150. kugeza kuri miliyoni kandi bihenze cyane. Ariko, birumvikana, cyane cyane biterwa nibiranga umushinga. Kurugero, bizavugwa haruguru module yinyongera yavuzwe haruguru, ni ubwoko kandi nibyinshi bisabwa. Cyangwa, reka tuvuge, urashobora guhuza sensor nyinshi hamwe na sensor kubagenzuzi kubagenzuzi - kandi byagenda bite niba ukeneye byinshi? Uziyongera (bihenze) umugenzuzi, haracyariho module ihendutse? Uzakoresha panel yihariye (parike yuzuyemo irashobora kugutwara kugeza ku bihumbi magana) cyangwa ukoreshe ecran ya terefone? Gusa kubara vuba ikiguzi cya sisitemu, kuzirikana ibikoresho byose bisabwa hamwe nigiciro cyo guterana no komite, bizatanga igisubizo mugihe urugo rwawe rwubwenge ruzatwara.

Guhindura lithoss hitamo kandi kare urukurikirane, guhuza na sisitemu yo murugo. Ifoto: Lithoss.

Rimwe na rimwe, guhitamo ingingo imwe cyangwa indi protokole bigira ingaruka ku buryo buhuje ibikoresho. Kurugero, mugihe kimwe, module yinyongera ya Adaptor cyangwa ibiciro bya radiyo bifite agaciro kamafaranga ibihumbi icumi, kandi mubundi bugenzuzi no muri protocole yagoretse, nko muri protocol nyinshi zu Burayi y'ibikoresho byo gucana no kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi (ABB, umutoza, amashanyarazi, Jung). Kurugero, ibikoresho bya HDL Ububiko bwa HDL bizatwara inshuro 2-3 bihendutse kuruta sisitemu zisa na knx, nibice bya amx cyangwa ibice byikigereranyo bizarushaho kuba bihenze. Kurugero, umugenzuzi wa HDL enye, yashyizwe kumurongo wa mon, arashobora kugurwa ku bihumbi 20-25, kandi hafi yimikorere ya Jubler ya KNX izatwara amafaranga ibihumbi 30-35, Ikirusiya, Umugenzuzi wa inyte azatwara amafaranga ibihumbi 15-20.

Urugo rwubwenge nikintu kirenze itsinda ryisi-ibintu (ibintu byumucyo, therposts, sensors yumutekano) cyangwa ibyi bita ibikoresho bihuza. Itandukaniro riri hagati yibikoresho byubwenge hamwe na sisitemu yubwumvikane bwuzuye "Urugo rwubwenge" nuko iya kabiri ishobora kuzuzwa mbere, ariko kubikoresho byubwenge gusa kugirango wubake urugo rwubwenge rudashoboka! Ibyo ari byo byose, mugihe. Mubyukuri, duhura nibikinisho byiza, ariko ibi ntabwo ari urugo rwubwenge, ahubwo ni ibikoresho byubwenge. Urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwikora ibikoresho na sisitemu bihujwe, kimwe nuburyo bwo hejuru bwimirimo yabo bugerwaho gusa nibitekerezo byubuhanga nka Loxone, RNX, ariko ntabwo ari interineti yibintu. Iki nikitekerezo cyanjye - ibikinisho kandi hari ibikinisho, ni byiza bonyine, ariko ntibakora sisitemu yizewe. Byongeye kandi, kugirango uhuze hagati yabo, ukeneye hub (hub). Elementary: Iyo router ifite ubumuga, ntakintu kizakora. Kandi mubikorwa byubuhanga hazabaho, kubera ko hari "kuzamuka" gusa kubikorwa byabakoresha hamwe na serivisi zubwoko bwikirere, kandi itumanaho riri hagati yimyitozo na bisi, ntabwo ari umuyoboro.

Gennady Kozlov

Umuyobozi mukuru wa Domotix.pro