Hamwe nikibazo cyo kudagaruka, umwenda uhuye nazo, ikibabaje, benshi. Umuntu wese azi ko amafaranga yafashwe "mugihe" na "abandi bantu" ari ababo batyo. Tuvuga uburyo bwemewe n'amategeko kugirango turinde abahawe inguzanyo.
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Niba umwenda adahutira kugaruka amafaranga, ugomba kugerageza kubihindura ukamwohereza ibisabwa (ibisabwa neza). Mugihe ikirego gisigaye utitayeho, inguzanyo ikomeza kujya mu rukiko gusa.
Inyemezabwishyu
Amategeko y'Uburusiya yemerera amahirwe yo kwimura amafaranga hagati y'abantu ku inyemezabwishyu hakurikijwe ibihangano. 808 Amategeko mbonezamubano ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya.
Inyemezabwishyu ni inyandiko yatanzwe kugirango yemeze amasezerano yinguzanyo, ariko ntabwo ayisimbuza. Ariko, kwitondera bigomba kwishyurwa: Kugirango wemeze ko yimura amafaranga uwagurijwe nuguriza, uburyo bworoshye bwo kwakira.
Ibikurikira byerekana:
- F. I. O. umwenda n'uwagurijwe;
- Itariki y'amavuko;
- Amakuru ku nyandiko yemeza umwirondoro;
- Ahantu ho kwiyandikisha no gucumbikira;
- ingano y'imyenda (mu mubare no mu magambo);
- Niba amafaranga ahabwa umwenda mumafaranga yamahanga, turasaba kwerekana igipimo cyivunjisha ku munsi w'inguzanyo (ibi bizarinda kutumvikana no koroshya ubuzima bw'uwagurijwe);
- Niba amafaranga yatanzwe afite imyenda ashishikajwe, igomba kuba ikosorwa;
- Igihe cyo gusubizwa amafaranga (itariki nyayo);
- Itariki yo gutegura inyandiko;
- Umukono wuwagurijwe (ugomba kugereranya umukono wumuguriza ku inyemezabwishyu no muri pasiporo).
Inyemezabwishyu yarimbishijwe mubyanditswe byoroshye birashobora kwemezwa na noteri.
Niba mugihe ntarengwa cyagenwe mu inyemezabwishyu, umwenda ntabwo yasubije amafaranga (cyangwa atasabye umukono cyangwa igice cyo kwishyura), birakenewe kohereza icyifuzo cyo kwishyura imyenda. Kugirango wohereze umwenda ugomba gutegekwa hamwe ninyandiko.
Nyuma yiminsi 30 uhereye igihe ikiganiro, icyifuzo kigomba koherezwa numwenda ikirego cyanditse aho ingaruka zo kutishyura umwenda uzagaragara. Ingaruka nkizo, kurugero, zishobora kubamo ubujurire kurukiko rusaba.
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Igihe ntarengwa cyo kujurira murukiko
Sitati y'imipaka yo kujurira urukiko ni imyaka 3 kuva imirimo igereranijwe yo gusubizwa imyenda yagenwe mu gutegura inyemezabwishyu.Niba itariki idasobanuwe mu inyemezabwishyu, noneho igihe gitangira nyuma yiminsi 30 uhereye igihe wasabye amafaranga. Kubwibyo, niba icyifuzo cyumwenda kitabuzaga uwatanze inguzanyo, noneho sitati ntarengwa ntizatangira.
Nyamuneka menya: mu manza zidasanzwe, amategeko mbonezamubano ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya atwemerera kwagura igihe ntarengwa. Impamvu ituma uwatanze inguzanyo adashobora kwifashisha uburenganzira bwe bwo gusaba urukiko agomba kuba wig. Urugero, urukiko rushobora gufata icyemezo cyo kwagura amategeko y'imipaka niba uwatanze inguzanyo yamaze amezi menshi mu rugendo rw'ubucuruzi mu mahanga cyangwa gukira mu bitaro. Niba umwenda yari yihishe, iyi nimpamvu yemewe yo kwiyongera kwamatatu yuburinganire ntabwo ari, kuko idabuza uwatanze inguzanyo kugirango asubize amafaranga mu nyandiko.
Byongeye kandi, birashoboka guhagarika igihe ntarengwa - kurugero, niba umwenda ari wemera ibirego by'uwatanze inguzanyo. Menya ko mu rukiko bizaba ngombwa gutanga cyangwa kwakira neza, cyangwa igisubizo cyanditse kubirego byawe, cyangwa ubuhamya bwabatangabuhamya (nkuburyo bwa nyuma bwamafaranga ya elegitoronike), ni ukuvuga inyandiko kuva Bikurikiraho ko umuntu runaka azi ko ari ideni.
Niba udashaka kuvugana nurukiko, urashobora kugarura uburenganzira bwawe bwo gusaba umwenda wa mugenzi wawe; Muri uru rubanza, nyuma yo gusoza amasezerano, uwatanze inguzanyo azahita abona igice runaka cy'amafaranga, kandi ntazagomba kuvugana cyane n'umwenda cyangwa ngo ajye mu rukiko.
Icyemezo cyabanjirije urubanza
Ikigo gishinzwe umutekano mu bukungu, ibigo by'umutekano n'inzego z'umutekano, kimwe n'imiryango itwara abantu izafasha kugarura imyenda ku bantu.
Ariko, mbere yo kuvugana nabo kugirango badufashe, ugomba kumenya neza ko bakora ku mpamvu z'amategeko.
Gushyikirana n'umwenda, umufasha ategekwa kwimenyekanisha no guhamagara isosiyete ikora, n'aho aherereye, kandi igasobanurire inyungu zayo zihagarariye.
Abakusanya bafite uburenganzira bwo kuganira n'umwenda kuri terefone, bandika kandi ku giti cyabo, ariko mu gihe gito kugeza kuri 22h00 kugeza kuri 22h00 kugeza saa cyenda kugeza kuri 20h00 muri wikendi.
Abakusanya ntabwo bafite uburenganzira bwo kuba umwenda murugo cyangwa aho bakorera batabiherewe uburenganzira.
Inyungu z'abadepitoni, abo abakoranyi bakunze kwitwara nabi, barinda amategeko ya Leta yo ku ya 3 Nyakanga 2016 No 230-FZ "ku rwego rw'uburenganzira n'inyungu zemewe n'abantu mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'imyenda yarengeje ishyirwa mu bikorwa."
Iyo nta masezerano yanditswe cyangwa umunwa mugihe cyo gusubiza amafaranga yimyenda, ijambo muburyo (igihe umuntu ashobora gutanga ikirego) arimo kubara uhereye mugihe umwenda wakira ibisabwa ninyandiko yihariye hamwe no kumenya ikiganiro.
Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
UBURYO BWO KUGENDE
Kujya mu rukiko, ugomba gukora itangazo ryibirego. Ibi birashobora gukorwa mu bwigenge, ariko, nkuko imyitozo ikabye, hari amahirwe menshi yimico myiza kuri abo batanga inguzanyo bakoresha ubufasha bwabahinzi.Guhitamo Urukiko (Ububasha rusange cyangwa Isi) biterwa nubunini bwibisabwa. Urashobora kuvugana n'Urukiko rw'isi Niba umubare w'amadeni utarenze amafaranga ibihumbi 500.
Ikirego kigomba gukoreshwa mu nyandiko yemeza ko iyimurwa ry'amafaranga n'uwatanze umwenda, ndetse n'inyemezabwishyu yo kwishyura inshingano za Leta.
Niba uregwa atavuguruza ukuri mu inyemezabwishyu, urukiko amezi 3 rufata icyemezo cyo kugarura ingano y'amadeni na i ijana kuri yo.
Kugaruka kw'amadeni birashobora gukururwa n'abahesha b'inkike, banza batanga umwenda kwishyura ku bushake umwenda, bitabaye ibyo, bakomeza gutabwaho umutungo, bashyikirizwa konti za konti.
Nyamuneka menya ko ibintu biri kure burigihe bikemurwa bidatinze. Bibaho ko umwenda atari mu rukiko, akomeza gutekereza kuri uru rubanza. Bibaho nkibi: Umwederi abuza inyemezabwishyu byuzuye. Icyemezo cy'urukiko gishingiye ku bimenyetso byerekana ko amafaranga aboneka muri uru rubanza. Ahari bizaba ngombwa gutanga ibizamini bijyanye niba, nk'urugero, umwenda uzatangaza ko umukono utari uw'uko wakiriye. Amafaranga yo gukora ikizamini azaba afite umwenda (niba ahisemo gushyigikira uwagurijwe).
Mu gihe urukiko rwatanze icyemezo cyiza cyo kunsaba, icyemezo gishingiye ku byinjira. Uwatanze inguzanyo yakira urutonde rw'urukiko kandi atuma umunyamabanga we wo gutangiza ibikorwa byo kubahiriza. Abayobora neza umwenda ukwiye.
Umwenda afite uburenganzira bwo kwishyura ku bushake mu minsi itanu. Ikurikira kuri yo izakoreshwa mu ngamba ziteganijwe. Icyo gipimo gishobora kuba, kurugero, gutanga gufata kumitungo isanzwe yumwenda.
Kugaragaza ukuri kwimurwa nuwagurijwe amafaranga uwagurijwe atanyeganyega biragoye, ariko birashoboka: Birakenewe neza ibirego byose bihari (urugero, kwandikirana, ubuhamya bwa amafaranga yoherejwe).
Ubundi buryo bwo gusaba
Uwatanze inguzanyo arashobora gusaba urukiko akaba akaba afite ikibazo, ariko hamenyekanyeho itangazo ryerekeye gutanga icyemezo cy'urukiko, kizahabwa usaba hamwe urutonde rw'urutonde. Ngiyo ishingiro ryo gutangiza ibikorwa byo kubahirizwa nabaheshayi.
Kugira ngo akore itegeko ry'ubucamanza, uwatanze inguzanyo arakenewe hamwe ninyandiko zometseho zemeza ko kwimura amafaranga uwagurijwe.
Ibyiza by'Iteka cy'ubucamanza ni uko urubanza rutazabamo, gushakisha umwenda ntibizakenera kandi umuhamagaro we mu rukiko. Byongeye kandi, ingano yinshingano za leta muri uru rubanza zizaba munsi yinshuro 2 ugereranije nigihe ikirego cyatanzwe.
Ariko, hariho kandi ibibi. Umwenda afite uburenganzira bwo guhangana n'iteka ry'ubucamanza mu minsi icumi nyuma yo kwakirwa. Muri uru rubanza, gahunda izahagarikwa, ariko ibi ntibibuza uburenganzira bwo gusaba gukurikiza urukiko - ubu hamwe n'ikositimu.
Uburyo bwo Kugabanya Imyenda
Gabanya ingano yimyenda irashobora kwemewe rwose. Kubwibi, ibikoresho byimari bikurikira birashobora gukoreshwa.
- Guhatira inguzanyo (kubona indi nguzanyo kugirango ugire igishushanyo cyayo cya kera nigishushanyo cyacyo cyo kwemerwa), gishobora kuboneka haba muri banki ya banki no mu kigo cyamabani.
- Ivugurura ry'imyenda (impinduka mu bijyanye no kwishyura inguzanyo) ku ikoreshwa ry'umwenda birashoboka imbere y'ibihe biremereye, nko gutakaza akazi, uburwayi bw'igihe kirekire.
- Kubona ubwishingizi munsi y'amasezerano y'inguzanyo (kubona umubare w'indimi z'inguzanyo biteganijwe mu gihe habaye igihombo cyakazi, igihombo cy'ubumuga, n'ibindi), niba amahirwe nkaya yatanzweho (kuzirikana igihe cyo kugenzura ibyangombwa kandi actrual yishyurwa).
- Kwiyandikisha ku nguzanyo nshya yo kwishyura iki gihe (uwagurijwe yigenga yerekeza kuri banki yo muri make yo kwishyura inguzanyo nshya).
- Kujuririra Anti-tolowsmu (umuryango ufata imirimo yose yo gukemura ikibazo hamwe nuwatanze inguzanyo ndetse ugereranya inyungu zumuco mu rukiko). Kugirango tutakora akazi mu buryo bwamafaranga, birakenewe gukomeza hakiri kare bishoboka gukemura ikibazo.
Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Ibihano byo kurwanya imyenda
Kuba umwenda no kudaha agaciro bisobanura kwambura amahirwe yo kujya mumahanga. Kubera ko igihano nk'iki gishobora gukora ku nzego abaturage bubahiriza amategeko basubiza imyenda ku gihe (urugero, biyandikishije ku mwanya wa bene wabo, ariko umuturage ubaho mu bihe bishinzwe cyane ashobora kumenya ko inzu yishyurwa ry'abaturage).
Uwatanze inguzanyo - abayobozi b'imisoro, ikigo cy'inguzanyo, isosiyete y'ubuyobozi - yitabarwa mu rukiko. Tumaze gusuzuma ibyabaye, umucamanza atanga icyemezo cy'ubucamanza kugira ngo akire umubare w'amafaranga kandi akoherereje muri serivisi ya feral, aho umusaruro mukuru utangira. Nyuma yibyo, umuskazi afite uburenganzira bwo gufata icyemezo cyo guhagarika by'agateganyo kugenda kwa federasiyo y'Uburusiya, bigomba koherezwa ku mwenda ukoresheje iposita cyangwa bitangwa ku giti cye; Muri icyo gihe, amakuru yoherezwa muri FSB ya Servile y'Umupaka w'Uburusiya kandi yinjiye muri base base. Ibisubizo: Kugenzurwa na pasiporo ku kibuga cy'indege cyangwa ikindi gika, umwenda ntizemerewe kuva mu gihugu.
Niba umubare w'amadeni utarenga amafaranga ibihumbi 10, nta mpamvu zititayeho. Twishimiye ko icyemezo gifatwa nimbaraga muri buri rubanza runaka, rero, rimwe na rimwe rimwe na rimwe kubaho kw'amadeni mu rwego rwo hejuru ibihumbi n'ibihumbi. Ntabwo bizaganisha ku kubuzwa ntabibuza kuva mumahanga. Icyemezo gifata umunyamannki w'inkiko, ucungwa n'umwenda.
Kugirango tutagomba kuba mubihe bidashimishije, ntuzibagirwe mugihe cyo gutegura urugendo rwamahanga kurubuga rwa FSSP (FSSPrus.ru) kugirango tugenzure niba ibikorwa byo kubahiriza bitarimo imyenda yawe. Menya ko guhagarika kugenda bikurwaho mugihe cyiminsi icumi nyuma yo kwishyura imyenda (ariko, niba urugendo rwawe ruteganijwe nubuvuzi, ijambo rishobora kugabanuka kumunsi umwe).
Kugirango tumenye neza ko kubuzwa kugenda byavanyweho, birasabwa kohereza icyifuzo kurubuga rwa serivisi ihana imbibi (PS.FSB.ru) (igisubizo cyemewe ntikizaza vuba: mubisanzwe ntigifata munsi ya 10 -12 Iminsi, bityo bara umwanya wambere wurugendo). Nyamuneka menya: kwerekana inyemezabwishyu yo kwimura imyenda cyangwa hamwe na kopi yicyemezo cya FSSP kububiko bwigihe gito kubushake butazafasha, kubera ko umupaka ukoresha ubumuga bwayo, kugirango umenye amakuru yacyo, kugirango ugire amakuru igihe nacyo kizakenera.
Niba imyenda yishyuwe, icyemezo cyo gukuraho ibibujijwe ku kugenda kiri mu ntoki, ariko, kubera kudahuza ibikorwa bya FSSP na FSB ya FSB yo mu Burusiya, wabonye umva urukiko . Ibimenyetso - Inyandiko zemeza ko wishyuye urugendo, amatike yindege, kimwe n'ibimenyetso byerekana ko yagerageje kugenzura - ibice byatsinzwe byo guhaguruka, kwanga serivisi z'umupaka kurekura hanze ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya.