LED ni igikoresho cya semiconductor gisohora ibara ryijimye. Biratandukanye cyane ninkomoko yumucyo gakondo, nko kurandura amatara, amatara ya fluorescent hamwe nigituba kinini. Yateguwe ate?
Ifoto: mu magambo.
Nta mugozi wa gaze n'umugozi wa gaze muyobowe, ntabwo bifite ibirahuri byoroshye kandi bishobora kutizewe. Imirasire yumucyo ikorwa yishyuye kwizirika kwa electron nu mwobo munsi yibikorwa byubu mugihe cya electron-lokonductor, nkibikorwa bya photon kuva kumurongo usobanutse neza . Niki?
Biroroshye kuriyi birashobora kwiyumvisha igice cya semiconductor nka kabiri cyibintu bitandukanijwe na interlayer yoroheje. Mu gice kimwe, hari ibirenze ibice byinshi byashizwemo (electron). Mu kindi, kurenza urugero rwinshi (umwobo). Munsi yikintu kiriho cyabonye amahirwe yo gucamo ibice byubushake. Inama yinama nziza kandi yishyuwe iherekejwe no kurekura ingufu muburyo bwa fotone hamwe numurongo usobanutse neza. Birashobora kuba gufotora hamwe nuburebure bwumucyo ugaragara (umutuku, icyatsi, ubururu) nibifoto bitagaragara bya specrum, kurugero, ultraviolet cyangwa infrared.
Ubwa mbere (muri mirongo itandatu), LED yagaragaye ifite urumuri rutukura, hanyuma ikanana icyatsi, ariko muri 1993 LED zifite umucyo mwinshi. Kuva muri ako kanya, guteza imbere ibikoresho byo gucana bishingiye kuri LED, bishobora gutanga ibara iryo ari ryo ryose ryo kumurika, harimo umweru.
Ifoto: Philip.
Kumurabyo byose bifite igishushanyo kimwe. Harimo chip ya semiconductor (cyangwa kristu), substrates kuriyashyizweho, imikoranire yo guhuza amashanyarazi, guhuza abatwara amashanyarazi, guhuza abayobora guhuza imibonano kuri kristu, ubushyuhe, lens namayoke.
Ifoto: Philip.
Kuki LEDs yubururu ari ngombwa? Ikigaragara ni uko biri kubufasha bwabo ushobora kubona amabara yindi shadogi. Kubwibyo, kristu yabayeho yuzuyeho luminophore, ihindagurika numucyo wijwi runaka. Ikoranabuhanga rya Luminoryo ryo gutanga urumuri rwera ririmo gukoresha imirasire imwe ngufi iyobowe, kurugero, ubururu cyangwa ultraviolet, hamwe na luminiphore yumuhondo luminiphore yumuhondo. Amafoto yakozwe na LED, cyangwa anyura mu kibaya cya Luminophore idahindutse, yaba yarahinduwe mu mafoto yumucyo wumuhondo. Guhuza amafoto yubururu n'umuhondo bitera urumuri rwera.
Uburyo bwo kuvanga urumuri kuva kuri LED eshatu zigicucu gitandukanye (umutuku, icyatsi nubururu) byitwa uburyo bwa RGB. Bituma bishoboka gukora urumuri rwera rwigicucu nyacyo gifite ubushobozi bwo gushimangira amabara amuritswe. Ariko, gukora RGB yera, bisabwa ibikoresho bigoye birakenewe, kubera ko LED eshatu zigomba gukoreshwa mu nkomoko imwe. Muri iki gihe, urumuri rwavuyemo transvit yoroheje amabara ya pantel, niyo ngaruka nyamukuru zamabara yoroheje yera yandika nuburyo bwa RGB, kubwibyo, ubu buryo ntabwo bukoreshwa mu matara (ariko ikoreshwa mumyanda yoroheje cyangwa muri Imyenda yoroheje).
Ifoto: Philip.
Ibigize ibyingenzi byibikoresho byoroheje birimo:
- Mubyukuri, LEDs na elegitoroniki ubwabo, kubungabunga akazi kabo.
- Amashanyarazi hamwe na micropropsorsor kugenzura, guhinduranya voltage no kugenzura umuzenguruko.
- Ibikoresho byo gukuraho ubushyuhe (umwobo hamwe na radio)).
- Lens hamwe nibikoresho byibasiye icyerekezo, kuvanga no gutatanya urumuri.
Ubuyobozi bwa editori bushimira sosiyete Filps kubufasha mugutegura ingingo
