Abenegihugu benshi bemeranya n'amagambo ubuzima bwiza bidashoboka nta masasu asanzwe.
Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
"Kuroherwa" ntabwo byari mu gikari, ahubwo byari mu nzu, kandi byose byari byikora niba bishoboka. Nigute wubaka sisitemu nkiyi murugo rumwe?
Igikorwa nyamukuru cyurusonja rwinzu yinzu yigihugu ni ukusanya no kweza amazi y'amazi yakoreshejwe murugo. Kunyura mubyiciro byinshi byo gukora isuku, ibiyiko bigomba gusukurwa kuri leta kugirango amazi ashobore adafite urwikekwe kubidukikije cyangwa umwobo wumuhanda (cyangwa, ndetse nibyiza, koresha amazi ya tekiniki yavuyemo muri Ubukungu).
Byemezwa ko imiyoboro igira umutekano mugihe isuku kuri 99%. Kuki ari byiza cyane kugira isuku? Ikigaragara ni uko gusohora ibidukikije ntibishobora gukorerwa mu mwobo cyangwa ahantu runaka hanze yurubuga. Niba kandi amazi yanduye arimo gukusanya gusa muri Cessepool, ishobora kuzura vuba. Reka tuvuge, niba umuntu umwe atanga litiro 200 yububiko kumunsi, noneho umuryango wabantu batatu ufite imyaka irenga 4 mucyumweru. Bizaba ngombwa guhamagara imodoka ngendanwa hafi ya buri cyumweru, kandi imyanda izaba "Zahabu".
Amategeko 4 kumurimo unoze wibikoresho byo kuvura amazi
- Ntujugunye ibintu byuburozi mumyanda (urugero, chlorine-irimo), bagiteri mbi. Koresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe kuri Los microflora.
- Ntugatere imyanda muyungururamo sisitemu yo kuvura amazi.
- Ntukaguhumuze amazi yimvura kuva umuyaga uhuha nibiri mubidendezi. Uyu ni umutwaro urenze kuri sisitemu.
- Koresha imbuto zikwiye zo hanze kandi ntumize mikorobe "kumutwe ushonje", buri gihe ukoresheje umusarani.
Hitamo Septic
Nubwo gahunda yo koza yateguwe gute, byanze bikunze ikubiyemo ikigega cya Septique - Ikigega "Umukara" cyatewe mu musarani (ntukitiranya septike - hamwe na sesspool, na we yitwa Septic mu buzima bwa buri munsi ). Muri Septique, bimwe mubice bidahujwe bigwa byimvura, gutangiza imyanda bibaho bibaho. Hariho kandi inzira zo gutunganya ibinyabuzima byo guhumanya (cyangwa kubora gusa). Bagiteri ya Anaerobic yakozwe kuri uru rubanza, mubihe bisanzwe bibaho, kurugero, mubutaka nta ogisijeni. Urugero, nk'urugero, Mikorobe-Methaneoogene, iregwa ubwoko bumwe mu buryo bwibinyabuzima, bihindura methane na karuboni ya dioxyde.
Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Ibigega bya Septique birashobora kuba imiterere itandukanye cyane: Ibice byimibare, bigororotse, amakara, silindrike. Mubihe byinshi, ibikoresho byimanza ni plastiki iramba, ishobora gukorera idafite ibisigazwa no kumeneka mumyaka mirongo
Porogaramu ya Septique igezweho irakunze ibintu byinshi bikozwe muri plastiki iramba. Bashobora kuba bafite babiri cyangwa barenga (mubisanzwe bigera kuri bine) ibyumba byuzuye bihujwe na pisine kugirango imiyoboro idahwema inyuze mubyumba, kandi ibintu bidashomera byaguye mubyumba. Muri icyo gihe, kurimbuka mu cyumba kimwe ujya mu kindi, imiyoboro yambutsa ibinyabuzima. Ibi ntabwo bihagije, bizera ko inzira ifata byibura iminsi 3.
Kubwibyo, ubushobozi bwa septique bugomba kuba byibuze bitarenze ingano yumunsi itatu yamazi. Niba dukeka ko umuntu umwe kumunsi akoresha litiro 150-200 yamazi yo gukaraba, guteka, biroroshye kubara ikigega cya septique kumuntu umwe ugomba kuba ingano byibuze 450-600 l, na a Umuryango wabantu batatu - nka 2 M³.
Ifoto: Leroy Merlin (3)
Kunanirwa: Bioseactivator Biosept ("Bagiteri Live") kuri Septic na Cesspools (a). Ubuzima bwa Septic (KHIMOLA) kuri sisitemu ya Anaerobic na Mival (B). Umwuzure "Septique" (Bioelement) yo gukora isuku yumuyoboro wa sewage (b)
Septique yubaka nibikoresho byoroshye, mugihe uhitamo usibye ubushobozi, urashobora kwitondera usibye geometrie. Hano hari tanks yo guturika (basubiramo imiterere yiriba kuva impeta za beto), kandi hariho kwishyiriraho horizontal. Iyanyuma isaba igikoresho gitagira igikoresho cyimbitse, gifite akamaro cyane cyane kurwego rwo hejuru. Ariko ibigega bya Septal "bifata umwanya munini kurubuga.
Gushiraho neza Septica
Yashyizwe kumurongo wa Septique muburyo bwo gukomeza intera ntoya hagati yacyo nibindi bintu byubukungu bikenewe kubiteganywa na Ses. Kurugero, kurugero, bigomba kuba kure ya metero 5 uvuye murugo byibuze m 20 uhereye kumazi. Sisitemu yo kumena ubutaka aho amazi anyura kuri screw nyuma ya septique, mubutaka bworoheje, ni ngombwa gukuraho metero 30 uvuye ku iriba, muri Sandy na Sandy Fails - kuri m 50.
Ibyifuzo icyarimwe kugirango septic ari kure yinzu, ntabwo ari ngombwa ko uhinduranya umuyoboro utangwa na Septique ubwayo. Mucire urubanza rwawe: Umuyoboro uva munzu ukomoka kuri 30-50 cm hejuru yimbitse yurwego rukonje (mukarere ka Moscou birashobora kuba kuri cm 70). Umuhanda uhanamye uhanamye hafi ya cm 2-3 (Igenwa ninteruro bitewe na diameter nibikoresho).
Biroroshye kubara ibyo mugihe ukuraho m 10 uvuye munzu, umuyoboro uzana muri cm 100 (70 + 30), kandi mugihe ukuraho m 20 umaze kubamo 3. Niba uburebure bwa Septica ari m 3, hanyuma Urwobo ruzagira ubujyakuzimu bwa m 4.5.. Ibisohoka tube nabyo bizahinduka cyane (mubisanzwe isohoka muri Septique ni cm 10-15 munsi yinjiza). Kubwibyo, Septinifs iragerageza kudashyira ku bipimo bya metero 5 uvuye murugo.
Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Septic (ku gishushanyo ni bibiri-4) yashyizwe ku ntera byibuze m 5 uhereye ku nyubako, imiyoboro ijyanye no kubogama kw'imiyoboro ya cm kuri buri muyoboro. Niba imiyoboro iherereye hejuru yurwego rwibiragurisha yisi, noneho mugihe cyo gukora cyumwaka, bakeneye kwisuzumisha (urugero, umugozi uhanganye)
Iyo uhisemo ahantu, uzirikane umuyaga urahaguruka. Septique isanzwe ishyirwa kuruhande rwa leeward kuruhande rwinzu, Verandas, inkuta kugirango wirinde impumuro idashimishije. Kubwintego imwe, ingaruka imwe byanze bikunze byateguwe mumyanda yo murugo, bikurwaho kurwego rwinzu. Tike ya septique nayo ifite umuyoboro uhumeka, ugaragara byibuze cm 50 kuva kurwego rwubutaka (birashobora gukorwa hejuru - vuga hejuru - vuga, uburebure bwa m 2-2.5, niko impumuro itazigera yumva kuri gato .
Ibigega bya Septique bifite amajwi manini kubera uburyo bworoheje buturuka kuri plastike bushobora "gusohora" niba ikoranabuhanga ryo kwishyiriraho ryacitse; Septum ikomeye, beptete ni iherezo, birashoboka cyane, ntabwo ribangamiye
Mugihe uhitamo ahantu, ntukibagirwe ko septic ari mugihe (mubisanzwe rimwe mumwaka nigice) bigomba gusiba. Kubwibyo, bigomba kuba biherereye kugirango imashini yo gusuzuma ishobora kumwirukana. Uburebure bwimodoka hose ni m 6-15 m 6-15 m byogeje uburemere bwubushobozi, nibyifuzwa kuburyo imashini ishobora kwiyongera byibuze 10-12 m. Noneho ikiguzi cyubushobozi bwa 3- 4 M³ ni amafaranga ibihumbi 2-3.
Ariko niba intera iri mumuhanda ari nini cyane (metero 40-50, uzakenera serivisi zimashini zikomeye kandi zihenze, tekinike nkiyi ntishobora kuba hose, kandi ikiguzi cya serivisi zacyo birashoboka kuba 2- Inshuro 3 hejuru.
Ikigega cya Septique gishobora gukorwa muburyo gakondo, gikozwe mu mpetabyo ya beto yashizwemo ihagaritse. Hasi yiki gishushanyo kirahingwa, kandi ibibanza biri hagati yimpeta byashyizweho kashe hamwe na mastic ya beto. Hamwe no kurangiza neza, septic yo mu rugo ikozwe mu rugo ntazakora nabi kuruta plastike.
Ibyiciro byo gushiraho
Gutegura urufatiro. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Kuri bepreto, isahani ntabwo ikenewe, ariko konne yo guterura izasabwa. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Ubujyakuzimu bw'umwobo biterwa no gukuraho inzu, mugihe hagomba kugaragara ku rwego rwo hasi. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Ubwoko bwa sisitemu yo kubafi
| Ubwoko bwo kubaka | Kubara ibiyobyabwenge, M³ / Umunsi | Ubutaka | Ubujyakuzimu bw'amazi, m |
|---|---|---|---|
| Munsi yubutaka | Ntabwo ari bike | Umusenyi, Sandes | Ntabwo ari munsi ya m 1.5 kuva mu ndorerwamo yamazi kumupaka wo hasi wububiko |
| Kuyungurura neza | Kugeza kuri 1 m³ / umunsi | Umusenyi, Sandes | M 1 munsi yinyuma yiriba |
| Umusenyi-Malaven Akayunguruzo (uhagaritse cyangwa horizontal) | Ntabwo ari bike | Suje, Ibumba | Ntabwo ari munsi ya m 1.5 kuva mu ndorerwamo yamazi kumupaka wo hasi wububiko |
| Kuyungurura umwobo | Ntabwo ari bike | Suje, Ibumba | Ntabwo ari munsi ya m 1.5 kuva mu ndorerwamo yamazi kumupaka wo hasi wububiko |
| Kuyungurura Mound | Ntabwo ari bike | Umusenyi, Sandes, Suje | Munsi ya m 1.5 kuva kwisi |
Sisitemu ya mbere ya primer?
Kuva muri Septique, yuzuye imiyoboro igwa mu cyiciro gikurikira cyo gukora isuku. Irashobora gukorwa haba mubigega nka Septica kandi muburyo butaziguye sisitemu yo kurwara ubutaka. Iheruka nubusambanyi bukozwe mubice byinshi byo gutakaza ubutaka bukandukira ibiranga (umucanga, isupu). Imbere muriyi salle, umuyoboro utoroshye ushyirwa kuriyo imiyoboro yasobanuwe. Ububiko bugenda buragenda buguruka kandi bwungurujwe muburyo bwo kuyungurura.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwo kuyungurura. Ubu bwoko cyangwa ubundi bwoko bukoreshwa bitewe nubunini bwateguwe bwamazi, urwego rwamazi yubutaka, kimwe nubushobozi bwo kuyungurura ubutaka bwurubuga.
Ubwoko bumwebumwe bwa sisitemu yo kubafira ubutaka gutunganya byoroshye, kurugero, Akayunguruzo kagizwe neza nikibazo cyoroshye cyimpeta ya beto yuzuye imbere mugushungura inyuma mukugurura inyuma mugusubiza inyuma. Nta munsi yiriba, amazi ava muri Septica mugice cyo hejuru kandi munsi yuburemere bujya mubutaka. Akayunguruzo neza ni igikoresho cyoroheje, bitandukanye na sisitemu ishobora gufata metero kare icumi yo mukibanza. Ibibi byabo birimo:
- Gukenera guhindura rimwe na rimwe umugongo - rimwe mumyaka 10-15 yo kubaka umusego wose wose;
- Akazi kabi mu gihe cy'itumba.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, gukundwa nyamukuru bya sisitemu yubutaka ni ngombwa ahantu hanini munsi yabo. Ibi bigabanya imikoreshereze yabo, cyane cyane murubuga ruto. Uyu munsi, impengamiro yo gukoresha ibihingwa byo kuvura imyanda (Los) byatojwe neza.
Nigute ushobora kugera ku gisukuho amazi na 99%
Ikigega cya Septic cyubatswe namategeko yose atanga isuku kuri 60-70%. Ibi ariko, ntibihagije rwose kugirango amazi asukure ashobora gusubirwamo, vuga, mu ruzi. Nk'uko amahame y'isuku, urwego rwo gukora isuku rugomba kuba 99%. Kubwibyo, effliuent nyuma ya Septique ni itegeko rigomba kugaburirwa muri sisitemu yubutaka haba kubikorwa byo kuvura imyanda yaho (Los). Ariko, na Los yateye imbere cyane ntabwo itanga isuku yo gutakaza 99% (zirashobora guseswa mubigega), nibyiza, 98%. Ijanisha risigaye ribona amazi adahwitse mu buryo bwihariye by chlorimination (mu katori yashyizwe neza hamwe na chlorine lime) cyangwa by ozonation (Ozonizer ishizweho ukurikije).
Ni izihe nyungu z'ibiti byo kuvura imyanda?
Ibikoresho byo kuvura hanze biratandukanye gato na septi, ariko biragoye imbere. Usibye icyumba cya in winjije (Septic), mubisanzwe kamera ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi muri sisitemu zitandukanye zogusukura ziherereye. Hafi birashoboka ko uzabona filteri ya bio muri zo - ubushobozi hamwe nibikoresho bikonje (shissite, ceramite), hejuru yubukoloni bwa bagiteri iba. Uburyo bwo kurwara no gusunika muri biofilter bumeze nkibyinshi byo kuyungurura neza, ariko neza kubera gukoresha mikorobe yinjiye mububiko (inyuma irashobora kugurwa mububiko bunini bwo guhaha).
Sisitemu yo kunyura mu butaka yateguwe neza no kuvura amazi, ariko, nk'itegeko, gufata ahantu hanini bityo ntibikwiriye cyane ku mbuga z'igihugu.
No kuvura imyanda birashobora kuba aerotenk - ikintu gifite compressor, cyuzuye hamwe namazi. Kuragura ogisijeni bigira uruhare mu kwihutisha inzira nziza yimiti. Ni Los hamwe na Aerotanes itanga impamyabumenyi yo hejuru (98%) y'amazi (ahandi hantu hake, urwego rwo gukora isuku rugezweho hafi 95%). Gusubiramo amazi nkaya bisaba ko kwanduza. Ibibi bya Aerotanes nibyo bishingikirije kuri gride yububasha.
Ifoto: "Triton Plastike"
Hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwamazi cyangwa ubutaka butarimo amazi, sisitemu yo hejuru ya primer filtems ikoreshwa, muriki gihe, pompe izasabwa guterura amazi
Uyu munsi hari imideli myinshi ya septique na los ku isoko, bitandukanye mubipimo bibiri - igipimo cyurugendo (umubare wibikoresho cyangwa metero zingahe cyangwa urwego rwo kwezwa imyanda. Uburyo bwateye imbere cyane bufite ubushobozi bwo kuzuza ibyifuzo bya sensor na microprocesor ikurikirana uburyo bwo gukurikirana. Kandi mugihe habaye ibibazo, ibikoresho nkibi bizohereza ubutumwa bwa SMS kuri nyirayo. Nibyo, ikiguzi cya Los Yikora cyane.
Niba igice cy'isunzu nyinshi kiva muri plastike gishobora kugurwa mu mafaranga ibihumbi 20-30, hanyuma sitasu yo mu buryo bwo gukora isuku izatwara amafaranga ibihumbi 150-200. nibindi byinshi. Mu myaka 2-3 ishize, abakora bamwe, bashingiye ku mirimo yo kwamamaza, babaye los yuzuye (hamwe nuburyo bune-butanu bwo gukora isuku) kumwanya nka tanki ya Septique. Kubwibyo, vuga urwego rwo kwezwa kwamazi. Niba ari 97-98%, imiyoboro izaba ifite isuku, kandi irashobora gukurwaho nta bihano yo gutabarwa (mu mwobo). Bitabaye ibyo, bakeneye kugaburirwa, kuva bitabaye ibyo, afu anyesora abuza gukora igikoresho.
Hamwe nuburyo bukwiye kubishushanyo bya septique, bikwira mumahoro rwose muburyo bwubusitani. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Ntiwibagirwe ariko ko buri gihe bizakenerwa ubusa, bityo ubwinjiriro bwo gutwara amaderi bugomba gukizwa. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Ikigega cya plastike cyashyizwe mu musego wa Dummy ufite ubunini bwa cm 20-30. Ku rwego rwo hejuru rw'amazi, ni ukubazwa bwa mbere kuri slab yagenwe. Icyuho cyo ku ruhande kirasinzira n'umucanga, kirimo impanuka (30-50 cm) trambot. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Kugenda no hanze muri Septente, icyuho kiri hagati yumuyoboro n'amazu byashyizweho kashe. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru
Kuva hejuru yumuyoboro uhumeka urasohoka, mubisanzwe hamwe nuburebure bwa cm 50-100; Kugirango uhumurizwe, birashobora gukorwa nuburebure bunini, noneho impumuro idashimishije ntizaguhungabanya. Ifoto: Shutterstock / Fotodom.ru