Umutako wa Palled wakozwe mu mabuye ya artificiel: Inama zo kwishyiriraho

Guhura ibuye rya artificial birasabwa nabafana b'inzego zikomeye z'amabuye n'abashyigikiye ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Undi agomba kwitondera ibintu by'imana biva mu bikoresho bimwe. Batanga isura yinzu yigihugu uburyohe bwihuse nuburyo bwo kurangiza.

Ifoto: "Intambwe"

Ingero zubwubatsi bwa kera bwamanutse kugeza uyu munsi kuba urugero rwiza rwo guhuza imitungo yingirakamaro kandi idahwitse yibintu byamabuye. Uyu munsi, inkuta zishushanyijeho ibuye rya artificial, rigana ibuye cyangwa amatafari, icyo gihe byakorewe ku ikoranabuhanga mu byubatsi.

Ibintu byubatswe bigezweho bikozwe mumabuye (umuryango hamwe nidirishya, Idirishya, inkuta, amabuye ya kato, nibindi.) Gufashanya kuzana isura yicyitegererezo cyubwubatsi bwa kera cyangwa gushyira mubikorwa ibindi bitekerezo. Ibyo ari byo byose, gukemura umurimo rusange, byongera intuethetike y'imiterere. Ku mutima wishushanyijeho amabuye kandi yubatswe - sima ya Porndland ikoreshwa nkibigize byombi bihuje. Urakoze kuzubara neza (umucanga wibumba na quartz, perlite, pemps cyangwa imvange zacyo), buri "bubuye" bufite misa ntoya, yoroshya kwishyiriraho. Ingirakamaro Abaguzi batanga inyongeramubo (plastizine, kwanduza).

Ibintu by'ishushanya bizafasha gutanga inyubako zitandukanye kugeza igaraje risanzwe, urugero, muburyo bwo gutondekanya mu mwuka w'ubwubatsi bwa kera bw'Abarusiya (BR-Umwuga (Kamrock), 30 × 30 cm (kuva ku ya 900. / PC. Ifoto: imisozi yera

Pigment ishinzwe indabyo nini. Kurwanya abaproxr mu gukora ibuye ryiza Koresha sima yo hejuru no gutumizwa mu mahanga. Kubwibyo, ikiguzi cyibicuruzwa byiza ntigishobora kuba hasi, mubisanzwe bigira ingaruka kubiciro byarangiye. Igiciro 1 M² "ibuye" rikangana - kuva ku ya 850 zemewe, zemewe rwose, cyane ugereranije nigiciro cya analogue isanzwe. Kandi ikiguzi cyo guhangana na 1 M² gitangirana na Rable 1300.

Mu bakozi bazwi cyane ku mabuye ashishikariza ibuye rya Eurokamu, Kaburi, Krppefessiossional, imisozi ya Leonardo, Abami ", intwari". Ubwoko bwa buri kimwe muri byo burimo ibyegeranyo birenga 30 by'ibintu (byombi bigororotse kandi bitandukanye muri prototypes, imitako myinshi yo kumeneka, imitako y'ubwubatsi, imitako y'ubwubatsi, amabuye y'umupaka aratemba.

Ifoto: KR-Umwuga (Kamrock)

Ibintu byimitako yimbere bikozwe mu mabuye ya artificiel apima neza ibicuruzwa bivuye muri prototypes kamere no kongera umutwaro gato kumurongo ufite. Byongeye kandi, biroroshye cyane gutunganya. Kugirango bagabanye, igikoresho cyihariye gihenze ntigisabwa, cyorohereza cyane kwishyiriraho. Niba umutako ushinzwe ubwubatsi bukenewe kuri miss nkeya, witondere ibicuruzwa bikozwe muri polystyrene. Abahanga mu by'inzobere mu by'ibanze byateje imbere ikoranabuhanga mu byaro birinda ibibi byabo by'ingenzi - ubugizi bwa nabi. Muburyo bwo gukora, ibintu biva muri polystyrene yagutse hamwe no gushimangira ibihimbano kumurongo wa sima, ushingiye kuri polymes ya elastike, ubunini butandukanye (kuva kuri mm 3 kugeza 5). Ni ngombwa kandi ko dukoresha kwagura ifuro rya polystyrene, ryakozwe hakurikijwe 15588-86. Ukurikije ibisubizo byuburakari, ibintu nkibi bivuga kurwana.

Laris Vorobyova

Ishami ryurubanza rya KR-Umwuga no Kwamamaza (Kamrock)

• 

Imikorere n'ubwiza

Igishimishije, ibintu byabaye immaga mu byegeranyo byo mu mabuye byabaye ngombwa. Kurugero, mugihe cyo kubaka abasimburana bwa semicircular bafungura amadirishya, inzugi cyangwa arche, arc yimiradiyo yifuzaga yashyizwe mumabuye cyangwa amatafari, kubatandukanya hagati yabo. Hagati muri gusimbuka cyane, ibuye rya castle. Kandi byinjijwe nyuma, nyuma yibuye ryamabuye rishobora kuba imitwaro ikomeye. Noneho kwigana izo nzego bigira uruhare rwibintu byumwimerere. Inkingi (ibuye, ibiti) byagaragaye nkikintu cyoroshye cyibishushanyo mbonera cyumugore. Muburyo, bikomeza kandi kuba umwe mubice byingenzi byurwego, bumva umutwaro uva mu kiti cyometseho cyangwa kibashingikirije, imirima, imirima. Inkingi yamabuye yubukoriko ntabwo zishyigikiwe, ariko zitanga isura yubugingo bwubwubatsi nubushake. Amasahani yononekaye ku nkingi zishyigikira uruzitiro rutandukanye rukora nk'imitekerereze yubwubatsi n'amashanyarazi, kandi bikabangiriza ingaruka kuri kashe, bikaba no kurimbura amatafari na beto.

Mbere, imikorere nyamukuru ya kornice, hatambitse imyigaragambyo kurukuta munsi yinzu, ni uburinzi bwurukuta rwamazi atemba. Kugeza ubu, imitambiko n'imbibi ziva mu mabuye ahinnye y'ibikoresho bitandukanye (ibuye, amatafari, plaster) cyangwa kugabanya indege y'indege, kubitandukanya hasi no kugice. Wibuke: Igabana rya horizontal ritanga imiterere ituje no gushinga umusingi, na vertical - Ibinyuranye, byorohereza kugaragara kandi byongera uburebure bwinzu. Ntukirengagize ibyifuzo byabakoreye ibuye ryo gushushanya kandi uzigame kubintu bihuze neza ibyegeranyo. Bitabaye ibyo, ibyo ari byiza byose kandi bihebuje birangira ijwi, umuntu areba inguni, aho amabuye ahuriye na jack ashobora gukuraho ibishushanyo mbonera nubunini, n "" ibuye "rizahinduka ibisanzwe.

Ifoto: Imisozi yera

Ifoto: "Ibuye ryiza"

Ifoto: KR-Umwuga (Kamrock)

Ifoto: KR-Umwuga (Kamrock)

Ifoto: KR-Umwuga (Kamrock)

Balustrade ni igishushanyo mbonera cya balkoni cyangwa ingazi, igizwe nuruhererekane rwinkingi zapinga, zihujwe hejuru yintoki. Ifoto: "archiven"

Hamwe na balustrade kuguma kuri bkoni, amaterasi, ingazi izaba nziza kandi ifite umutekano. Ifoto: "archiven"

Gutema amasahani. Ifoto: Imisozi yera

Gutema amashyiga. Ifoto: KR-Umwuga (Kamrock)

Coolband 300 × 112 mm (amafaranga 360 / PC.). Ifoto: Ecostone.

Castle 250 × 160 × 120/65 mm (380. / Igice). Ifoto: Ecostone.

Barbell Bump 500 × 75 mm (amafaranga 300 / PC.). Ifoto: Ecostone.

Umupaka wa 305 × 49 mm (imisozi yera) (kugeza kuri 0 kugeza kuri 200.). Ifoto: Imisozi yera

Rust 260 × 300 na 300 × 300 mm ("ingarashi") (amafaranga 250 / PC.). Ifoto: "Intambwe"

Gushiraho ibintu byubatswe

Ibintu by'imyanda byinshi byashyizwe mu mapine (Ø 6-12 MM) na kole. Studit ya Galvanine ikoreshwa nkiminsi, imyanda yicyuma, yibanze hamwe nibindi byihutirwa (inanga, ibirambanyi, nibindi). Birakenewe mugushiraho kwambere ibicuruzwa no kuguhisha mugihe habaye kurimbuka kwihutirwa. Ishingiro rigomba kuramba ndetse no kwemeza ko bikosorwa byizewe byihutirwa, kwihanganira misa yishimisha kandi irinde kwiyongera gukabije no gukumira kwiyongera gukabije mubunini bwikirenga. Imirimo itangirana no kwerekana ishingiro no gushiraho amapine. Ukurikije, shyira ahandi hantu. Ahantu hinjiza amapine, ibyobo biracukuwe binini cyane, kugeza ubujyakuzimu bwimirima yibicuruzwa. Icyo gihe ikintu gimanikwa kandi umwanya wacyo uhinduka kugirango ingaku hagati yibintu bihuye bifite mm 5. Nyuma yibyo, imitako yashizwe kuri kole kandi ntimukomeze kurangiza. Ibintu bigize imitako yubatswe, nkitegeko, igicucu cyiza. Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, akenshi bagomba gukaraba. Ibigize hydrophobike birinda bikoreshwa mugukuramo no gukama.

Ibintu byo gushushanya kumwanya widirishya ninzugi, kimwe na resike bigomba gushyirwaho mbere yo kwishyiriraho ibuye rya artificiel. Ibi ni ngombwa gushiraho gahunda yukuri yo gushyira ibuye ryarebanye mu ijwi, ikintu cyiza nubuntu bikwiranye amabati yo kubika, kugabanya amaduka. Ibintu byinjire bitoroshye hepfo (usibye amabuye ya rutare). Hamwe na misa itangaje, umutabo wubatswe afite ubuso buciriritse. Noneho, koresha inanga zibuza ingaruka ziherere, na kole. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura imvange ivanze ni kimwe no kuzamura ibuye rya gare. Nta munsi ya mm 5 hagati yibice byihariye byibintu - byibuze mm 5. Bitabaye ibyo, mugihe ushyiramo, gutandukana na gato mubunini bizagaragara, kandi buri kintu kigomba kuba cyatanzwe nintoki ukoresheje "Bulugariya", kizongera amafaranga yumurimo nigiciro cyakazi.

Vitafaly Pavlyuchenko

Umuyobozi wa laboratoire ya tekiniki yimisozi yera

Ibishushanyo

Inzira ishimishije cyane niterambere ryumushinga windi. Hitamo imwe cyangwa ebyiri zibara ryibara rikwiye nibintu bigize imitako yubatswe ntabwo bigoye cyane. Biragoye kwiyumvisha uburyo bazareba isura. Shakisha igisubizo cyiza kubakora ibuye ryo gushushanya. Ibigo bya sitasiyo byamasosiyete bizakora moderi ya mudasobwa murugo kandi izatanga amahitamo menshi yo kurangiza. Kubijyanye no kwiyumvisha, bizafata amashusho yimiterere mubirori bitandukanye, igishushanyo cyacyo cyangwa ibyangombwa. Ariko, inzobere irashobora kuza ahantu hanyuma ubone amakuru yose akenewe. Umwubatsi azitondera ibyifuzo bya nyiri inzu hanyuma uhitemo ubwoko bumwebumwe bwamabuye kurukuta na base, gushushanya ibintu bizahinduka umwanzuro wumvikana wisura yubwubatsi bwisunze. Na nyuma yigihe gito izatanga amahitamo yo kugabanuka cyangwa kurangiza.

Nyuma yo kwemezwa na nyuma yumushinga, bizabara ingano yubunini, ibintu bishushanya no gukoresha ibidukikije. Rero, ba nyir'inzu babona amahirwe yo kureba murugo rwabo uhereye kuruhande, gereranya amahitamo menshi hanyuma uhitemo igisubizo cyiza. Kubara neza byakozwe hashingiwe kuri moderi ya mudasobwa bizafasha kwirinda amakosa menshi, nkigiciro cyo kugura ibikoresho birenze cyangwa ikibazo cyinyongera mugihe gito.

Ifoto: Imisozi yera

Ibifuniko 4

1. Ibikoresho byo gufunga ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gushinga imitako yubatswe biterwa nubutegetsi buteganijwe bwo kugabanya ruswa cyangwa gusaba gakona kandi bikozwe mubyuma bidafite ingaruka.
2. Imitako yubwubatsi bwikirenga yifuzwa gushiraho amezi atandatu cyangwa arenga nyuma yubaka inzu, mugihe inzira nyamukuru yo kugabana hamwe nibishoboka byo kubaho bya microckacks bizaba bike.
3. Niba ibicuruzwa bidashushanya byinjijwe ku nyubako yubatswe ako kanya, kuzuza ibijyanye no gukoresha ibicuruzwa bisabwa ku bicuruzwa birasabwa nyuma yigihe runaka, bityo bikagabanya ibyago byo muri microckacks.
4. Umwanya wibintu bikosowe hamwe na reberi, nibiba ngombwa, kubikosora by'agateganyo hamwe nudutsima, racks.

Hamwe na platbands namabuye yisahani, ibuye risanzwe ryo guhangana nibara ritandukanye rishobora kuba imitako idahwitse yimpuhwe. Ifoto: "Intambwe"

Ifoto: KR-Umwuga (Kamrock)

Ifoto: Imisozi yera

Ifoto: Eurokam

Ifoto: Imisozi yera

Garanti yo mu mabuye irangira ku kazi ikorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yatanzwe na bo kandi iyo akoresheje ibipimo byateganijwe (cyangwa byasabwe). Ifoto: Itangazamakuru rya Legio

Gutema amasahani: Ni bangahe bizewe 32 × 32 × 32 hamwe nuburebure ntarengwa bwa cm 8.3 (imisozi yera) (510 Rables / PC.). Ifoto: Imisozi yera

Inkoranyamagambo y'amagambo yubwubatsi

Inkunga Yubatswe - Umuyoboro mwinshi cyangwa umugambi mubishusho byurukiramende cyangwa oval, giherereye muri abo gihenye hanze cyangwa imbere yinyubako.

Baluster - Inkingi yo hasi ishyigikira ingano yintambwe, balconi, nibindi, byoroshye, byumvikanyeho cyangwa imitako.

Ikibuga cya Catle (gufunga) - Wedge cyangwa piramidal elemes ya Masonri hejuru yikigo cyangwa arch. Akenshi bisohoka mu ndege ya arch kandi ifite imitako cyangwa ikariso.

Ibigori - Ikintu cyo gusohoka cyo hanze (imbere) cyinyubako, ibibanza, bitandukanya igisenge (gisenge) uhereye hejuru yurukuta cyangwa utandukanya indege yanyuma.

Inkingi - ubwubatsi butunganyirizwa, mubisanzwe buzenguruka igice cyambukiranya inkingi. Ibice byayo nyamukuru: shingiro, barrel na cap.

Inshoreke - Ikintu cyo gushushanya gihanagura idirishya.

Oglong - Igice cyo hejuru cy'inkingi.

Ingese - Kumeneka y'urukuta, kwigana Masonry Mainry udukoko hamwe nibice bifitanye isano cyangwa bivuguruzanya, bitera imyumvire yo mumaso, bitera imyumvire yububasha, ubwinshi bwinyubako.

•