Impamvu 8 zo guhitamo ibuye rya artificiel

Ihuriro ryashushanyijeho ibuye risanzwe ririmo gukubita ubutunzi bwimpapuro na igicucu gisanzwe. Ariko, imyaka ibiri icumi hamwe nibihe byagaragaye, ibikoresho byugarije ibuye ryiza ryakozwe numuntu. Ni irihe banga ryo gutsinda mu bimera by'ubukorikori?

Ifoto: Imisozi yera

Ibicuruzwa bifatika bifata neza ifishi kandi ikoporora neza imiterere iyo ari yo yose, niba ari icapiro cyangwa imitako nziza. Kandi igitekerezo cyo kubyara ibi bikoresho, mubyukuri, imiterere yihariye yibuye karemano yuzuye. Erekana amoko ye yari incuro itewe amabuye.

Ibintu bishingiye kuri sima ya Portland ikoreshwa nkibice bisigaye. Bitewe no kongeraho abayumashya (umusenyi wibumba, perlite, pemmbol na politike zirimo inyongeramusaruro), buri buye rifite inyongeramusaruro), buri buye rifite misa ntoya, rifite akamaro mugihe ukora akazi ko kwishyiriraho. Ibikenewe by'abaguzi bikenewe bitanga abongewe (plastizizer, bigoye). Pigment ishinzwe indabyo nini. Byongeye kandi, abatanga umutimanama mu gukora amabuye yo gushushanya bakoresha imiterere maremare kandi bagatumizwa mu mahanga.

Nibyifuzo kugirango nkoreshe ibirenze bibiri-bitatu byegeranye byamabuye, bitabaye ibyo, urusaku rusa nkaho ruguruka. Kurangiza kugaragara muburyo bukoreshwa no gukoresha ibice, bihujwe nicyatsi, cyahinduwe cyangwa gikozwe mu biti by'inkuta. Ifoto: Kamerock.

Igiciro cyibicuruzwa byiza ntibishobora kuba hasi, mubisanzwe bigira ingaruka kubiciro byibicuruzwa: 1 m2 ya mabuye yamabuye yo ku ya 850. By the way, biraremewe rwose, cyane cyane ugereranije nigiciro cya analogue isanzwe. Mubikorwa bizwi byo gushushanya neza - Eurokam, Coonack, imisozi ya Leonardo, imisozi yera, "ibuye ryiza", "ibuye ryiza".

Mu buryo butandukanye buri kimwe muri byo kirenga 20-30 cyegeranyo cyibintu (Flat na Angular), bitandukanye na prototype ya kamere no kuba amatafari akomeye, hamwe nibyapa, buringaniye, amabuye yumupaka na gutemba.

Ifoto: Imisozi yera. Urufatiro rw'inzu rutondekanye n'ibuye "rutland", igiciro ni 1 M²: Ingano 1290., Ingano: 5.5-38 cm, ubugari: 1.5-2.5 cm

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Ibuye rirwanya amabuye

Twerekana ibimenyetso byingenzi byibuye ryo gushushanya: ubucucike (400-2200 kg / m), imbaraga zo guturika (5-10% (5-10% (150-400 cycle). By the way, usibye kurwanya ubukonje bwibikoresho, iki kimenyetso ntabwo ari ngombwa kuri sisitemu igizwe nubunini na sima.

Iyo ushizeho uruhande rwinyuma rwa buri kintu cyanditseho rwose ibiganiro bifatika, gusaba ntabwo byimazeyo, hamwe na spatula iringaniye, kugirango ubupfuni butabera inyuma yumurongo. Mugihe cyo guhuza nurukuta rwikirenga gisagutse, ibipimo hagati yibintu byuzuye. Gusika byo kudoda birangiza kashe yimiterere. Ingaruka zakozwe nabi zakozwe nabi ziragaragara: Amazi yinjira mu kavurikiyeho kandi arushaho kunyerera, hanyuma amabuye atangira kugwa. Ibibazo nkibi bibaho kenshi mumwaka wambere.

Sima yihariye kole

Ifoto: Imisozi yera. Isura irimbishijwe ibuye "Cologne Brik", igiciro cya 1 M²: 920 Rubles, ingano yingingo: 6.5 × 21 × 21: 1,2 cm, 1,2 cm

Isura y'inzu y'igihugu, kimwe na Gazebos, uruzitiro n'ibindi bigize ubwubatsi bushingiye ku nyama, bishushanyijeho amabuye ahisha, bikaba ingaruka zikomeye ku bidukikije. Ingwate yihariye ibisigazwa bifasha byizewe kugirango umutekano wamabuye uri hejuru. Ingabo zabo z'ibihe (Adhesion) zigenwa n'imbaraga za tile kandi zipimwa muri MPA. Ikimenyetso kiri hejuru, biragoye gutandukanya ibikoresho kuvafatirwa.

Kurugero, ku buso bwakozwe mbere, ibice hamwe na Adhesion 0.8-1 MPA birakwiriye. Niba hari aho bireba ibintu bigoye, vuga inkingi cyangwa inkingi zifatika, koresha kandi umutsima ukomeye ADHEION 1-1.5 MPA. Mugihe uhitamo uruvange rwo kuzamura amabuye ashishikaye, ni ngombwa kuzirikana misa ya MO yibikoresho, kubera ko ibyegeranyo bimwe bigizwe nibintu binini nibikoresho byinshi bishobora kurenga 50 kg / m². Ibintu by'inguni bifasha gukora isura yizewe yubwubatsi bukozwe mu mabuye karemano cyangwa amatafari.

Ifoto: Eurokamu. Umuriro udasanzwe wo kurangiza utanze ibintu byo gushushanya: eaves, twogeje kandi urukiramende rwibiti kuri Windows, ruswa, amabuye, igicucu cyigitugu. Byose bikozwe mubintu bimwe nkibuye

Abakinnyi babigize umwuga bashima ibisubizo byujuje ibyangombwa byo kwimura ibintu bizengurutse igihe kirekire (15-30 min), kandi ibikoresho ntibinyerera kurukuta. Ni ukuvuga, kole ntiyume ako kanya, ariko icyarimwe ifata ibuye. Rero, ibisabwa byibanze kubahimbanya: Amazi menshi (imbaraga zoguka); Imbaraga zo hejuru zo kwizihiza; igihe kirekire "igihe cyo gufungura"; Umutekano mwinshi wo kuzamuka; Kurwanya ubukonje.

Impamvu 8 zo guhitamo ibuye rya artificiel aho kuba karemano

1. Uburemere buke. Ibuye ryo gushushanya ku bijyanye no gupima inshuro 1.5-2 gake. Ukurikije ubwoko bwibintu, ubwinshi bwabo buratandukanye kuva 13 kugeza kuri 50 kg / m². Guhura nabyo ntabwo bipakiye isura hamwe nishingiro ryinyubako, bituma biyikoresha mugihe cyo kwiyubaka kwa kera ndetse ninyubako zayo.
2. Ingano yoroshye. Ibintu byose bifite uburyo bwo gukosora bwa geometrically bifite ibipimo bisanzwe, byoroshya kwishyiriraho. Nibiba ngombwa, ahantu hateye inkunga, vuga, igice kidakenewe cyibicuruzwa biroroshye guca hamwe na grinder usanzwe mumadirishya n'inzugi.
3. Ibara ridacogora. Buri ibara ryumukoranizo wamabuye yerekana kode ya kodegisi. Kubwibyo, igihe icyo aricyo cyose ushobora kugura neza ibintu bimwe. Ariko guhitamo amabuye karemano kumajwi birahari birashoboka.
4. Ibidukikije. Ibuye rya artificial - ibintu byangiza ibidukikije. Mugihe ibintu bimwe byumusenyi, marble na granite bafite imirasire karemano, bigabanya urugero rwabo bitewe nicyiciro.
5. Kwishyiriraho. Imiterere yibuye ryo gushushanya ni tile, iringaniye kandi rikabije nuruhande rwinyuma, kwishyiriraho bitari bigoye gushiraho coramic.
6. Ibintu by'inguni. Buri cyegeranyo cyo guhangana cyuzuyemo ibintu bya angumi. Barimo kwishyiriraho kandi batanga umusanzu mugushinga ishusho yuzuye yinzu yububuye. Umusaruro wibintu byo kumurika kuva ibuye karemano ni igihe kigenda kandi gihenze.
7. Igiciro cya demokarasi. Igiciro cyibuye cyo gushushanya kiri munsi yibindi bikoresho byinshi byo kumera (ibuye kamere, amatafari karemano, nibindi).
8. Imbaraga. Ibuye ryo gushushanya rirakomeye kuruta ubwoko bumwe karemano, nko gukandagira n'umusenyi bafite imiterere. Kubera imbaraga zidahagije nuburwayi bukonje, bikoreshwa cyane cyane mubihugu bifite ikirere gishyushye. Guhangana n'amabuye ahinnye, kwigana hanze cyangwa umucanga, birashobora gukoreshwa nta mbogamizi no mu turere dufite ikirere gikaze.

THERMOPHALI.

Ifoto: "Ibuye ryiza." Mugihe wubahiriza amahame namategeko yo kwishyiriraho, ibuye rizatanga imyaka mirongo

Abakurambere bo mu gihugu, bikwiranye no gushushanya, byanze bikunze bazirikana imiterere yo kwibeshaho k'Uburusiya. Nyuma ya byose, usibye igishushanyo cyiza kandi biramba, ingingo igomba guhumekwa. Kugirango ukemure iki gikorwa, ntabwo ari ngombwa kureka ibuye rya bose - birahagije kwitondera thermopanel. Nibicuruzwa biva muri Rigid byagaragaye Polurethane ya Polurethane cyangwa Polystyrene hamwe nigice cyo hanze cyamabuye ashushanya yakanze. Ingano ya Panel - 1000-1250 x 600-650 mm, mugihe ubunini bwamayoko ari mm 40-110, nubunini bwibuye ni mm 10-20. Kurangiza kurangira icyarimwe gikora imirimo yo kwigana ubushyuhe na decor. Kimwe n'ibuye ryo gushushanya, rikoreshwa mu bikoresho bitandukanye: amatafari, beto, ibiti cyangwa bikozwe mu buryo bw'imikorere. Igiciro 1 PC. - Kuva ku makuru 1200.

Igisubizo cya hydrophobic cyatewe no kugaragara bizarinda ibishoboka, gutobora no kugaragara.

Kugabanya ibiciro byo guhengana, kandi mugihe kizaza kandi mugihe cyo gukora (kubungabunga ubushyuhe bwiza mu nzu y'itumba n'impeshyi) bizafasha inzobere mu bicuruzwa bya Treirmopada, nk'uburyo, Kaburi, "ibuye ryiza" . Dukurikije ibipimo, bazahitamo ibintu byumugezi bwiza, bazirikana ubucucike bwibikoresho byo hanze, biranga ubushyuhe bwo kwimura ubushyuhe r (M2 X X ºс) / w, kandi kandi kandi bikagira inama ifunze neza.

Vuga, ku matafari yoroshye, ibishishwa bifatika bya thermopanels bifatanye na dowel-umusumari. Ariko akenshi inkuta ziri kure yicyiza, kandi guhuza kwabo kwabanjirije birashobora gufata umwanya munini kandi bikagenda neza. Ihitamo risoni kurukuta rutaringaniye cyangwa ukabije kuva kumurongo wibiti - kwishyiriraho kuriciwe.

Ifoto: "Amahugurwa y'ibikoresho byo mu byiciro." THERMOPANELS yometse kurukuta kuva OSB. Ihebukwa hagati y'amatafari y'imiterere yo gushushanya yari yuzuyemo ubukonje n'ubushuhe birwanya ubukonje ku nyanja yagutse

Ibiti byimbaho ​​cyangwa imyirondoro yicyuma ikosowe kure ya cm 30-40 kurindi. Nyuma yibyo, imitwe yakoreshwaga kuri bo, kugirango buri murongo uko ari batatu cyangwa ine uhagaze wabaga kuri buri wese, akaba ufite umutekano, akoresha byibuze sams esheshatu. Ibice byose bya puzzle yibintu byanze bikunze byanze bikunze kurasa nabi kugirango habeho akazi ko hanze kugirango birinde ubushuhe. Uburyo bwo kurangiza indiru na THERMOPANEL ntishobora kwitwa ingengo yimari. Ariko icyifuzo cyo kuzigama cyuzuyemo kugura ibintu bibi hamwe nibisubizo bidateganijwe byimirimo yinteko. Guhitamo isuka nziza kandi iramba, igomba gufata byibuze igice cyikinyejana, ntigomba kwanga abanyamwuga.

Kenshi cyane kubashaka gushushanya urusaku rwurugo rwabo rufite amabuye yubukorikori ikibazo kivuka: Birashoboka gukora imirimo yo hanze mugihe cyitumba? Ubushyuhe bwikirere bwiza kuri trimetero yimpushya hamwe nibuye ryiza riva kuri 5 kugeza kuri 25 º, turavuga ibihe bishyushye. Niba ubushyuhe bwo mumuhanda buva -6 jye -6 º hepfo, noneho akazi hanze kurangiza indimu, turasaba gusubika mbere yubushyuhe. Ariko, iyo termometero iherereye ku kimenyetso cya zeru cyangwa munsi gato (kugeza kuri -10 º), urashobora gukora imisozi yihariye. By'umwihariko, ukoresheje uburyo bwo kurwanya imisozi yera " . Iyi mvange ivanze kuri sima igenewe akazi ko hanze ku bushyuhe buke kandi bukwiriye guhangayikishwa no kutagira ibihimbano gusa, ahubwo bikwiranye gusa na sinere, ariko amabuye ya porcelain, amabati.

Vitafaly Pavlyuchenko

Umuyobozi wa laboratoire ya tekiniki yimisozi yera

Kubyerekeye kurwanya ubukonje

Ubushobozi bwibikoresho mumiterere iteye isoni yo kwihanganira nta kurimbuka, kwiyongera kwinshi no gukonjesha byitwa kurwanya ubukonje. Iyi mico igomba gusuzumwa mugihe ihitamo ibuye ryiza kumasaha. N'ubundi kandi, amazi, yuzuza ibishisho c'ingingo, araguka mugihe cyo gukonjesha akabarimbura. Ugereranije, iki cyerekezo gihura nacyo ibuye ni 150-200, n'ibicuruzwa by'imisozi yera bigera kuri 400. Umubare w'imbeba, uva mu gihe cy'itumba hafi ya Moscou, ni kuva ku ya 15 kugeza kuri 22. N'IMPINDUKA, Akamaro k'ubukonje Kurwanya ni 200, bizatanga byibuze imyaka 20- 30. Ariko kurwanya ubukonje bwibicuruzwa mubisanzwe biruta ibyateganijwe mubyangombwa bya tekiniki.

Nigute ushobora kugenzura ireme ryamabuye ashishikaye?

Ubwiza bw'imibare ireba ibuye burashobora kugereranywa nigice cyangwa bitandukanye. Nibyifuzwa ko ibikoresho bifite imiterere yimibonano mpuzabitsina, kandi ingano yimiterere minini ntibyarenze mm 5. Bitabaye ibyo, imbaraga z'ibintu ntizabanganiye, birashoboka ko ibitagenda neza hejuru bizagenda byiyongera kandi, kubera iyo mpamvu, amakosa y'amabuye. Byongeye kandi, gukata biroroshye kumenya uburyo bwamabara. Niba ibara ryigice cyimbere cyibicuruzwa bitandukanye cyane nubuso bwuruso, bivuze ko ibuye risize irangi kuruhande rwambere, kandi ibyangiritse byose bizahita bigaragazwa.

Itandukaniro rito mubinyoma kandi hejuru birasabwe ko ibuye rishushanyije ku bwisabiri bwimbitse mugihe kinini cya misa. Kubwibyo, chip ntoya no gushushanya ku buso bwayo, bushobora kugaragara mugihe cyo gukora, ntukabure ikibazo cyubucamanza. Ubushobozi bwibikoresho mumiterere iteye isoni yo kwihanganira nta kurimbuka, kwiyongera kwinshi no gukonjesha byitwa kurwanya ubukonje. Iyi mico igomba gusuzumwa mugihe ihitamo ibuye ryiza kumasaha. N'ubundi kandi, amazi, yuzuza ibishisho c'ingingo, araguka mugihe cyo gukonjesha akabarimbura. Ugereranije, iki cyerekezo gihura nacyo ibuye ni 150-200, n'ibicuruzwa by'imisozi yera bigera kuri 400. Umubare w'imbeba, uva mu gihe cy'itumba hafi ya Moscou, ni kuva ku ya 15 kugeza kuri 22. N'IMPINDUKA, Akamaro k'ubukonje Kurwanya ni 200, bizatanga byibuze imyaka 20- 30. Ariko kurwanya ubukonje bwibicuruzwa mubisanzwe biruta ibyateganijwe mubyangombwa bya tekiniki.

Ifoto: "Ibuye ryiza." Icyegeranyo "Plast yoroheje", igiciro 1 M²: Kuva ku ya 1356., Ingano: 9.4 × 20.5 / 30 cm

Ifoto: "Ibuye ryiza." Icyegeranyo "Ikimenyetso cya Isura", igiciro 1 m²: 1356., Ingano: 8-11 × 11.5-35 cm

Ifoto: "Ubuhanzi bwamabuye". Urukurikirane "rushaje rwa Prague", igiciro cya 1 M²: Kuva kuri Rable 500, Ingano ya Element: 6.4 × 28.5 cm

Ifoto: Kamerock. Icyegeranyo "Icyiciro cya Tuf", igiciro 1 M²: Kuva ku 1539 Rables, Ingano y'amatora: 8-33 × 8-33 cm

Ifoto: Imisozi yera. Icyegeranyo cya Dunvegan, igiciro 1 M²: Ibw 1290., Ingano: 6-15 × 10-58 cm

Ifoto: ibuye rya Leonardo. Icyegeranyo cya Bergamo, igiciro 1 M²: Amarafari 1290, igizwe nibintu bitandukanye

Ifoto: ibuye rya Leonardo. Icyegeranyo "Venise", igiciro 1 m²: 1470., Ingano y'amatora: 6-20 × 20-50

Ifoto: Kamerock. Icyegeranyo "Umuryango", igiciro 1 m²: 1759 rub., Ingano y'amatora: 8 × 50 × 50 × 50

Ifoto: Kamerock. Kubice byo hanze ya panel yubushyuhe, amabuye ya misa ntoya ikoreshwa, akenshi muburyo bwamatafari areba

Ifoto: Kamerock. Thermopanel "Amatafari ashaje" (kamrock) ashingiye kuri PPU, igiciro 1 Igice: Kuva ku 1152 Rubles, Ingano ya Element: 656 × 750 × 750 × 750 × 750

Ifoto: Kamerock. Kugirango byoroshye, abakora ubushyuhe batanga ibisanzwe, ingunguru nibibazo. Ipaki ikubiyemo ibisabwa bikenewe.