Abagiye kubaka inzu y'igihugu baragukundwa na atike. Kandi ntibitangaje, kuko bidashaka gutamba ahantu harangiye munsi yinzu. Ariko ntabwo byoroshye gukora imyifatire mishya, nkuko bigaragara ...
Abagiye kubaka inzu y'igihugu baragukundwa na atike. Kandi ntibitangaje, kuko bidashaka gutamba ahantu harangiye munsi yinzu. Ariko ntabwo byoroshye gukora imyifatire mishya, nkuko bigaragara ...
Mububatsi n'abamwubatsi murashobora kuboneka abaterankunga bombi bashyigikiye abanyamwete kandi barwanya ibitekerezo byibitekerezo bya atike.
Munsi yubwubatsi
Umuyaga muri atike
Ibyiza byingenzi byihariye ni uko bitanga ibisabwa kugirango habeho umwanya muremure wimiterere yinzu - Rafters na Crates. Urakoze guhumeka cyane, igiti ntigihanagura kandi ibihumyo ntibitangira. Birumvikana, ugomba kwemeza ko umwuka unyuze mubibazo byimbere hamwe na Windows yubushakashatsi hanyuma ukere inzitizi kubiri hepfo. Shyushya hejuru yuzuyeho biroroshye kuruta igisenge, niba gusa kubera ko agace kayo ari nto cyane. Mugihe kimwe, ntushobora gufunga amazi hejuru kandi ntugahangayikishwe nu mwanya. Biragoye gukoresha ikoreshwa ryumwanya watiti kugirango ugaragare neza, ariko rimwe na rimwe birashoboka gushyira sisitemu yubuvugizi hano (kwishyuza mu karere).
Nubice byimari, uyumunsi abubatsi benshi bahurira nuko itandukaniro ryikiguzi cyuzuye (hamwe na atike iri hejuru) hamwe nibiti bidafite akamaro. Ibitaro, amakuru yukuri hano ntashobora kuba hano, akenshi biterwa nimiterere yinzu, ikiguzi cyo kwisiga no kwigana, nkigisenge cyigisenge hamwe nibindi bintu byinshi byakoreshejwe. Ariko uko byagenda kose, igisenge kigezweho gihujwe gihujwe, kitabaye ibyo bidashoboka gutanga miriyoni nziza muri atike, - umunezero ntahendutse, kandi hepfo tuzasobanura impamvu. Apoca Menya ko atif, nk'ubutegetsi, aho gutsindwa mu gace karimo igorofa yuzuye, kuko hafi y'ahantu ho guhindurwa n'inkike zishushanyijeho hasi. Birahateganywa, hano urashobora gutegura ibikoresho byubatswe, nka sisitemu yo kubika. Birashoboka kandi kubona ingirakamaro ikoreshwa nuru rubuga, ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka - kenshi cyane "zicibwa n '" urukuta ruhagaze n' "urukuta ruhagaze nk'uburebure bwa 1-1,5m.
Rockwool. | 
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Rheinzink. |
1. Hasi hejuru ya attike iteganijwe gutandukanya amajwi. Kubwibyo, umwanya uri hagati yibiti ugomba kuba wuzuye urusaku rwinjira cyangwa amasahani.
2. gahunda yigikoresho cyigisenge cyintwari.
3. Inzobere mu ijwi rimwe zaburiwe na mirongo ine na rimwe zishimangira igice cy'igisenge giti. Ikigaragara ni uko hamwe nubwubatsi nk'ubwo bwa Rafter, biragoye gufunga ibijyanye no kugenzura neza, ndetse biragoye cyane ku buryo bidashoboka ko guhumeka neza ku mwanya wo munsi y'ubutaka (imifuka ituwe ikorwa muri zone munsi).
Ibisenge bya Recipe "Pie"
Reka tubwire ibice byingenzi byihuta byinzu yitiriwe.Rafters. Ntidukwiye kwihanganira gusa imitwaro ya shelegi, ahubwo tunatanga imiterere yo kwishishoza. Rero, mu murongo wo hagati wo mu Burusiya, ubugari bw'ibiti by'imyenda bigomba kuba byibura 200mm, kubera ko igice cy'amasuka ari ubunini nk'ubwo. Byongeye kandi, birafuzwa ko abapolisi barwaye geometrie iboneye kandi ntibayihinduye nkigisubizo cyo "gukama no mu gitondo" - ubundi ibibanza birashobora gushingwa mubyerekeranye. Kubwibyo rero, mugihe cyo kubaka atike byatangiye gukoresha ibikaro, kimwe na Lvl, bivuye mubwinshi bwibice bya pneeer yashyizwemo.
Attic atic?
Hindura igiti cyurugo rwuzuye rwubatswe mubiti byo guturamo biragoye cyane. Birashoboka cyane, ugomba kunyura hejuru yinzu kugirango ushyireho amadirishya yishusho cyangwa wubake lug-on, kuko urumuri ruva mumadirishya yimbere rudahagije. Ariko ikintu cyingenzi - nta gisenge giteye isoni n'amasanduku, ntibishoboka rwose gukora icyuho gihumeka hejuru. By the way, kubwimpamvu imwe, inzobere nyinshi ntizisabwa kubaka gushya gutangira kwishyiriraho igisenge "cake" kuva hejuru. Byagenwe bisa nkaho byoroshye mbere ya byose kugirango ashyireho igisenge kirinda imvura. Ariko, hamwe nubu buryo bwo kwishyiriraho hari ibyago byo kumenagura icyuho cya huhumeka, "ushyira" insulation kuva hasi. Igisubizo gishyira mu gaciro nugutangirira hamwe nabatanduye inyamanswa, bizarindwa imvura n'ikime, hanyuma nta kwihutira kwambara ibiganiro, hanyuma tutihuta kurangiza filime, hanyuma amaherezo bikagaburira isanduku no gusakara kwifuza.
Parosolation. Kenshi na kenshi, hamwe nubwubatsi bushya, kurema ibisenge "pie" bitangira hepfo. Ibikoresho bya stracel byometseho hejuru yubuso. Inshingano ye ntabwo ari uguha umwuka mwiza kugirango winjire. Byongeye kandi, iyi liser ihagarika umuhanda mubice byamayeri numwuka ushushe, mugihe cyubushyuhe bwimpeshyi bushaka kumeneka mucyumba kiva mucyumba. Hanyuma, imyuka irashobora gukora umurimo wimikorere ishyigikiye mugihe hashyizweho umushyitsi.
Kubwumwuka, polyethylene na polypropylene na polpropylene ikoreshwa, muri yo yashimangiye Multilayer - ibyiza, nkuko bigoye kwangiza mugihe ushyiraho. Imirongo ya firime iri perpendicular kuri rafters kandi imisumari igana kumwanya wanyuma cyangwa imisumari inyuze muri gari ya moshi. Witondere gutangirira kuri skate hanyuma utanga rehastant imirongo ya cm 10. Ingingo, kimwe n'ahantu, gukubitwa n'umutwe, ni urugero na kaseti idasanzwe (rimwe na rimwe kole cyangwa inyanja cyangwa inyanja ikoreshwa aho).
Dr. Shiefer. | 
"Umwirondoro w'icyuma" |
4, 5. Tanga umwobo wa cornese kandi wuzuye imizingo ugomba gufungwa hamwe na gride cyangwa imbaho zidasanzwe (4). Aperators (5) ni ibintu bigize igisenge hamwe n "" idirishya ". Ukurikije aho, barashobora gukora nk'imirwano cyangwa ibisohoka.
AMAFARANGA. NK'UBURENGANZIRA, KUBIKORWA BY'UBUHANUZI, Plabs zikoreshwa mu nkige cyangwa ibirahure byihariye, nka "Saint-Goben-Gostwol Igisenge Igisenge"), "Igisenge cya Scope "(Ubushishozi bwa KNAUF), gira ibyiza nk'ibi by'umwuka mwinshi (ibikoresho ntibikusanya imyuka y'amazi kandi ntabwo itose iyo ari condentation) hamwe n'umutungo utunganijwe. Gutanga amasahani iboneye kuri rafters bizaba byoroshye iyo gutema ibyapa byurukiramende kugirango bigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu ya Wedge. Ariko uko byagenda kose, ibikoresho bigomba gushyirwa mubice bibiri cyangwa bine (hamwe nisahani yubunini 100 na 50mm, muburyo bumwe, kugira ingingo za rotary.
Koresha ibifuni bisanzwe, nubwo bifite kandi imishinga mike myinshi kandi idatinya ubushuhe (kandi icyarimwe ntabwo ari ngombwa, inzobere zidasaba, biragoye cyane gushyiramo ibi bikoresho nta cyuho , no kuzuza ibibyimba byanyuma bya polyurethane biteza imbere ikiguzi cyigishushanyo mbonera.
Ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo kubaka ryagaragaye vuba aha, aho ibisumiza (puzzle polyurethane cyangwa ibibyimba bya polystyrene) bitanditse hagati yimpapuro za Plywood cyangwa OSP, imisumari iva hejuru kugeza kuri metero zijimye. Igisenge gihinduka, nkuko ibiraro bikonje byavanyweho na Rafters, ariko icyarimwe ibiciro byo kubaka hafi 20-30%.
Ubundi buryo bushya bwo kwinjiza igisenge buterwa hagati ya polyurethane ifuro cyangwa muri "kuniga" muriki gihe cyubwoya bwa selile (ekwata). Gucira urubanza namakuru ya tekinike asabwa, ibi bikoresho bifite akamaro kanini, ariko kugeza bahuye no gukoresha.
Amakosa asanzwe afite igikoresho cyo hejuru
1. Inkiko zirimo kwitegereza uburangare, mu gice kimwe, hamwe n'ibice hagati y'isahani no mu karere ka bariyena.2. Itara ryakozwe muburyo bwo muri zone yikigereranyo gihumeka hari imifuka itumva, aho umwuka udatemba.
3. Kubyerekeranye nibitabo byamabara, fiple ike irakoreshwa. Muri iki kibazo, ntabwo itanga ijisho ryinyongera.
4. PARO- NA (CYANGWA) Amazi yashyizwe ahagaragara kuri rafyles.
5. Ikirere kidatunganijwe mumwanya winyuma.
6. Ibice bihumeka byashyizweho kugirango mu gihe cyimbeho basinzira mu rubura (hejuru ya shendleres ya shelegi, hafi yabyo).
7. Parosolatiya ahantu henshi yangiritse iyo asize itumanaho, bicika mumisumari mugihe barangije akazi.
Amazi. Ntukibwire ko igisenge cyo gusakara kidashoboka rwose. Umubare muto w'amazi urashobora kwinjira mu mwobo kuva gufunga no gufatanya ibintu kubera imbaraga. Byongeye kandi, binyuze mu cyuho gihumeka (bizaganirwaho hano hepfo), hamwe n'umwuka w'ikirere munsi y'inzu, amazi meza byanze bikunze agwa mu buryo bw'imbere mu buryo bw'imbere no gusamba. Kurinda ubu bushuhe ni ugukora amazi adasanzwe. Ibikoresho byiza kubikoresho byayo ni bibiri- bibiri na bitatu-byerekana polypropylene firime. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo gusiba ibiti bibangamira kwisukurwa mubyimbye byayo (umubare munini wumwuka ushyushye urashobora kwinjira mucyumba mu gisenge "pie" unyuze mu rugendo n'ububiko). Imirongo ya filime irazenguruka rafter, itangirana na eva, ikakanda gari ya moshi. Aba nyuma batanga ko icyuho kinini gihumeka, usibye igisenge cyambaye ubusa kidashoboka. Twibutse kandi ko film zimwe (imyuka mike complemedatidatishoboye) bisaba igikoresho cya kabiri gihumeka hagati yabo no kwishishoza.
Guhumeka. Mu ci, inkoni y'inzu ni hots ziva ku zuba. Muri icyo gihe, ndetse n'urwego runini rw'amasuka ntigushobora kurinda icyumba ubushyuhe, kuko nta hantu na hamwe gusa bwo kugenda. Bitewe no gukwirakwizwa, byinjira mucyumba, kandi kubwicyumba, kandi kubwibyo, kuvunja ubushyuhe bushyushya inkuta nigisenge. Ventzorzor ihindura byimazeyo ibintu, yemerera uyu mwuka kujya mukarere ka skate, kandi icyarimwe aremeza ko uhumeka kuva mubyerekeranye no kwisuhuza no hejuru yintara zitandura.
Uburebure bwiza (ubugari) bwa ventzazor ni mm 40-50. Ku gaciro gato, ingano yumwuka unyuze idahagije, kandi hamwe na minini-karemano irashobora kumeneka. Urujya n'uruza rw'ikirere, nk'amategeko, rutunganijwe binyuze mu ishami ry'ibigori. Uyu munsi, imbaho zuzuye zakozwe akenshi zikoreshwa kubwiyi ntego, nuko rero ko umwuka ushobora gusiga umwanya wubusa, igishushanyo cyihariye cyakusanyirijwe mu gice cyo hejuru cyinkoni, cyitwa varilation. Mubyukuri, iki nikindi gisenge gito hejuru yo gusohoka kuva ventzazor.
Ntukangure kurangiza
Icyiciro cyingenzi cya gahunda ya atike nigikorwa cyo gutumanaho. Kubwinsinga, imiyoboro hamwe nintwaro nyinshi zisaba aho hantu. Hano hari ibishuko binini byo gukomeza ahantu h'ingirakamaro ahantu hamwe "kanda" ya "kanda" kandi ndetse no gukora ibibanza muri Rafters. Ariko kubwibyo, ubusugire bwuruvange burahungabanijwe kandi buke bukoreshwa, busohoka mu cyuho gihumeka. Kugira ngo wirinde ibi, itumanaho rigomba gushyirwaho mu gasanduku cyangwa ku gaciro munsi, no kwemeza umwanya ukenewe byumvikana kongera igice cyambukiranya imbere cyangwa kuzuza gari ya moshi.
Rimwe na rimwe (urugero, mu gisenge cya Holm), ibyorezo bya skarid outlet ntibihagije, kubera ko imifuka idahagije ikorwa muri ventzor, yuzuyemo ibisobanuro birambuye by'isanduku. Noneho shiraho aerators cyangwa abafana hamwe na turbine idasanzwe. Abakunzi barakenewe kandi aho ventzor yuzuye impanda yumwotsi cyangwa Windows ya mansard, kandi ugomba gushinga aerator ebyiri - munsi yinzitizi no hejuru yacyo.
Imbonerahamwe Reba mu kinyamakuru "Ibitekerezo byo mu rugo rwawe" No 5 (172) p.154
Abanditsi bashimira isosiyete "Saint-Goben Cis", KNAUF Insulation na Velux
Kugirango ufashe mugutegura ibikoresho.