Kuki dukeneye vozozoz y'amazi?

Kubwa cumi na rimwe na sisitemu yubwubatsi ari amayobera kuri kashe ndwi. Amakuru ajyanye no gushyushya, imyanda n'amazi, ntibisanzwe na buri muturage ukuze wa "Amerika inkuru imwe", dufite umutungo w'inzobere. Ariko niba ukuyemo icyuho mubumenyi, ntabwo bigoye kwemeza urwego rumwe nko munzu

Kubwa cumi na rimwe na sisitemu yubwubatsi ari amayobera kuri kashe ndwi. Amakuru ajyanye no gushyushya, imyanda n'amazi, ntibisanzwe na buri muturage ukuze wa "Amerika inkuru imwe", dufite umutungo w'inzobere. Ariko niba ukuyemo icyuho mubumenyi, ntabwo bigoye kwemeza urwego rumwe nko mu nzu

Imitunganyirize y'amazi nimwe mubyiciro byambere by'ukazu. Nukuri, "mugitangira" mubisanzwe binyurwa na sisitemu yoroshye igizwe niriba, pompe ntoya nindobo. Ariko rero hakenewe byihutirwa kumara amazi munzu hanyuma utegure sisitemu yuzuye yo kuvomera. Ibindi - byinshi: gukaraba imodoka, gukaraba no koza ibikoresho bigaragara, pisine nibindi byinshi. Guhaza gukenera amazi kugirango amazi abemerera ibikoresho bitwara bigezweho. Ni ngombwa guhitamo no kuyishyiraho.

imwe

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1. Gahunda yo gutanga amazi yinzu yinzu: pompe nini (a); Ibiryo bidashingiye hose hose (b); Ikigega cya Cumulative (B); Gutanga amazi yo hanze (G); POSE PUM (D); pompe ya centrifugal yo kuvomera (e); Gufata Amazi hose (G).

2, 3. Icyitegererezo kizwi cyane cya PUMPS: DVP (DEFP) (2) na "umwana" ("umwana" ("livgidromash") (3). Uruzitiro rwo hejuru rwamazi rukuraho gushukwa kwijugiti tuva hasi. Igiciro - 1000-1600.

Dukurikije amategeko ya Newton

Icyamamare kuva kera kandi kugeza ubu sisitemu isanzwe yo gutanga amazi kugiti cye ishingiye ku gitutu cya rukuruzi. Intangiriro yacyo ni izi zikurikira: Amazi akorerwa inkomoko kugeza kukigega cyo kubika cyane, aho bakora inzabyi ku mazi. Umubare wa tank watoranijwe, wibanda ku bigenewe, hamwe no kubara kugirango ububiko buhagije muminsi 1-2. Noneho ibigega byo gukusanya akenshi byakozwe muri plastike y'ibiryo - polyethylene cyangwa polypropylene. Umubumbe wabo urashobora kugera kuri 4m3 cyangwa irenga.

Kumenyekanisha amazi ku kigega, pompe ya pompe ya vibration ikoreshwa mu kigega kuri verisiyo y'imari ya kaburimbo - "rou", mu Burusiya "LOVGIDROMASH", "Uburusiya). Ariko, ntakintu kibuza gushinga ubundi bwoko bwibirungo bitagaragara kandi byo hejuru (bizaganirwaho ubutaha).

Ihuriro rinyeganyega ni ubukungu (rimara 150-300W gusa), rihendutse (800-1500 rubles) kandi zirashobora gukora byibuze imyaka 3-4. Muri ubwo buryo, ibyo biteranya ntibishimira ubwiza bwamazi no gukora mubisanzwe bifite akamaro (birenga 200 g / m3). Ariko, mubihe nkibi, reberi membrane yongerewe vuba). PUBERY TO PMPS ifite igitutu kinini (kugeza kuri 70m), bigufasha kuvoma amazi muri bo no kuva kure cyane. Nukuri, kubera kunyeganyega amazu ya pompe, amazi akunze kuba hamwe numucanga; Byongeye kandi, imikorere yibi biteranya (iyi parameter mubyangombwa nayo irashobora kwitwa gutanga no gutanga umusaruro) ni gito cyane - gusa 0.72 m3 / h .72 m3 / h .72 m3 / h .72 M3 / H. Ariko hamwe nigitutu kinini, ntabwo gikina inshingano, kuko pompe muri sisitemu ikoreshwa mugukora ububiko bwamazi kandi ntabwo itegetswe kwemeza icyarimwe ibikorwa byimizi menshi. Nibyifuzwa ko pompe ifite ibikoresho byubatswe byuzuye, noneho hatagira amagorofa ya electromaGNet ntazatwika, nubwo amazi ari hejuru.

Hindukira isoko

Guhitamo hagati yiriba nicyegeranyo byingenzi bya geodesic, ibikenewe mubakoresha mumazi, ikiguzi cyakazi, ibikoresho byo kweza amazi.d. Muraho neza, ubujyakuzimu bwa 50-150m buzatanga hafi amazi atagira imipaka mugihe cyawe (mubisanzwe igipimo cyurupfu ni byibuze 10m3 / h). Kuva ku bacukuwe neza kuri maray aquifer (15-30m), birashoboka gufata 0.5-3.0.0 m3 / h. Nibyiza, iriba, tutitaye kubujyakuzimu bwayo, ni gake ushobora gutanga amazi arenga 3-4m3 kumunsi. Amazi, nkamategeko, softer artesian, ariko imiyoboro yubuso iragwa muri byose. Imiterere yiterambere ryinshi no gukoresha ubukungu bwisi, ibi biganisha kubinyabuzima ndetse numuti. Ifatika, imanza nyinshi, iriba nihendutse kuruta amariba. Kurugero, mu nkengero, ubujyakuzimu bwo gucukura ibihangano birahagije byibuze 70m (bisaba 1m - 1.5-2.0mable ibihumbi). Gucukura "kumusenyi" kora ibigo bike cyane (usibye, aya mahirwe ari kure ya hose). Kuri 1m, kwizirikana gucukura ubushakashatsi, bazafata byibuze amafaranga ibihumbi 3. Icyuma cyakozwe mu mpeta zifatika kizatwara amafaranga ibihumbi 5-7. Kuri 1m. Mugihe kimwe, ibisanzwe bifatwa nkibyanjye hamwe nubujyakuzimu bwa 4-6m. Ariko nubwo impeta 8-10 igomba kumanurwa mu butaka, iriba rizahendutse kuruta ibihangano. Noneho amagambo abiri yerekeye kwizerwa isoko y'amazi. Kubera gutobora nabi cyangwa ku zindi mpamvu (amazi adahagije, kuvoma bidasanzwe), kimwe na kimwe, ndetse na arimosian, ashoboye kunanirwa. Menya ko ingwate yo gukomera kumusenyi no gupima, nkitegeko, ni ibyumweru 2 gusa. Ibishusho birashobora kandi kubaho mubibazo (urugero, mugihe ibintu bihinduka munsi yingabo ziroha cyangwa ubwoko bworore), ariko ibi bibaho kenshi. Kimwe, bitandukanye na casing yindabyo, bigizwe nananutse (diameter ya 100-133mm) imiyoboro ya pulasitike, ikirombe cya plastike, ibyanjye byakozwe neza impeta zifatika birashoboka rwose.

Arenga cyane cyane, pompe ifunguye intoki, hanyuma uzimye mugihe amazi ava mumuyoboro urengewe. Kugirango sisitemu ikore utabigizemo uruhare, irasabwa guha ibikoresho yinkongo yinkombe, izafungura pompe mugihe ikigega cyoroshye kandi kizimya iyo cyuzuye iyo cyuzuye iyo yujujwe iyo yujujwe iyo yujujwe iyo yujujwe iyo yujujwe iyo yujujwe iyo yujujwe iyo yujujwe iyo yuzuye. Nibyo, kubona ibikomoka nkibi ntabwo byoroshye, kandi akenshi bigomba gutegekwa kubanyabukorikori baho. Birumvikana, niba ufite kwikora udafite umuyoboro wo guterwa, ntushobora gukora. Ibinyuranye, niba uburyo burere bumaze kunanirwa, ubangamira umwuzure

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Ibyiza bidashidikanywaho bya sisitemu bifite umuvuduko ukabije ni kwizerwa cyane kandi kuramba bitangwa muburyo bworoshye bwibikoresho hamwe numubare muto wibice bigira imitwaro ikomeye. Byongeye kandi, gutanga amazi ni uguhirika igice: iyo urumuri rudahagaritswe, ukoresha amazi yo muri kontineri.

Ariko, ntibishoboka ko tutamenya ukuyemo ibintu byinshi: igitutu gito muri sisitemu kandi kubwibyo - igitutu cyamazi. Kuzamura tank kugeza 1m hejuru yurwego rushingiye kumazi, wongera igitutu cya 0.01 gusa. (Kugereranya: Mu mujyi, imbogamizi y'amazi ni 0.2-0.5 m

Bane

bitanu

6.

4. Gahunda yo gutanga amazi ishingiye ku sitasiyo ishizweho hanze yinzu: sitasiyo (a); Guhitamo tube (b), byateguwe na 1.5M; gutanga umuyoboro (b); Shilation Base (G); Crane yo kuvomera (d).

5. Kuvoma Styrojet JP (Grundfos): Kugaburira - kugeza kuri 5m3 / h; Igitutu kigera kuri 48m. Igiciro - kuva ku bihumbi 12.

6. PW urukurikirane rwa PW (Wilo): Kugaburira - Kugera kuri 2.7 M3 / H; Umuvuduko ugera kuri 40m. Igiciro - kuva ku bihumbi 6.

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umunani

icyenda

7. Kwishyiriraho emhil (wilo) bigizwe na centrifugal pompe hamwe na lorecy ihinduka itanga moteri yoroshye hamwe nigitutu cyumye. Igiciro - kuva ku bihumbi 38.

8. Kwishyiriraho hashingiwe ku birungo bibiri byasutse hamwe no guhindura inshuro.

9. Ibiti bivomisha byikora bitanga umuvuduko usabwa kumurimo wibikoresho byo murugo.

Igisubizo cyo hejuru

Umuvuduko ushyigikira ushoboye kubungabunga igitutu gishimishije muri sitasiyo yo gutanga amazi yo murugo. Iyi ni igice cya monoblock, ibintu byingenzi birimo pompe ya suction, ikigega cyumuvuduko (hydroaccumululator) hamwe nishami ryikora ryita ku mpinduka muri sisitemu (nkurugwe, umuguzi afite ubushobozi bwo guhindura amazi yigenga igitutu). Sitasiyo nkiyi yashyizwe hejuru, kandi hose iramanurwa mumurongo uhujwe no gufata nozzle ya pompe.

Kuri ubu, sitasiyo nkiyi ihagarariwe cyane mumasoko yo murugo. Icyitegererezo nka "Jambo" ("Djlex", Uburusiya), Hydrojet, MQ (byombi - Gwj (byombi - Bwf (Al-Bomer) , Marina (Speroni, Ubutaliyani) Idr. Sitasiyo ivomisha irashobora gukoreshwa haba munzu kugirango ubeho burundu no mugihugu. Imbere, ishyirwaho mucyumba cya tekiniki ya shingiro cyangwa igorofa ya mbere cyangwa mu kajagari kegereye - icyuma cyangwa urugereko rufatika, gifite ibikoresho hejuru cyangwa neza. Muri icyo gihe, umuyoboro uhabwa inzu, uturika munsi yimbitse yubutaka. Mubwa kabiri, sitasiyo irashobora gushyirwa ahantu hose (birumvikana, nibyiza munsi yinzu). Ni ngombwa gusa guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwa pompe kandi ntukibagirwe gukama igice mbere yuko ikirere gikonje. By the way, ntabwo bigoye cyane guhuza amazi muri sisitemu hamwe nigituba nigitambatu cya byose.

Ibiranga tekiniki bya sitasiyo hamwe nubuzima bwagereranijwe bwa serivisi zayo biterwa ahanini nubwoko bwa pompe ikoreshwa nimiterere yibikorwa byayo. Ubwinshi bwintoki bufite ibikoresho bya centrifugal hamwe na moteri izenguruka hamwe nubushobozi bwa 0.5-2.0.0.0. Impuzandengo ya Pumps nkiyi ni 2.5-4.5 m3 / h.

Bashoboye guterura amazi kuva muri 8m (bamwe - kugeza kuri 20m) no gukora igitutu kugeza kuri 40-60m, ni ukuvuga gutanga igitutu cya 0.4-0.5 mpa ku bisohoka. Menya ko buri miyoboro ya 10m horizontal igabanya uburebure bwa lift na 1.5-3.0.0. Ntiwibagirwe guha ibikoresho umuyoboro wo gufata hamwe na cheque, kugirango udategereza igihe cyose cyuzuyemo amazi.

Kurera Umukino

Kugirango wongere igitutu muri sisitemu hamwe nigitutu kinini, pompe idasanzwe ikoreshwa - yiziswe kwiyongera. Izi ntoki ntoya zikora hafi yubuke bucece, urya impuzandengo ya 100-300w. Igikoresho nk'iki gihita gihinduka mu ntangiriro y'amazi ashingiye ku mazi kandi yongerera igitutu saa 0.1-0.2. Ikibazo nuko pompe ishoboye neza "gukorera" gusa uburyo bumwe bwo kuvura amazi, kandi aribyo gusa niba ihebye. (Bitabaye ibyo, bizakenerwa gutegereza cyane kugeza indege iteganijwe irazamuka muri crane.) Mubyukuri, pompe izamuka igomba gushyirwaho mbere ya buri miyoboro hamwe nibikoresho byo murugo. Iki cyemezo ntigishobora kwitwa bihendutse: Igiciro cya pompe imwe ni amafaranga ibihumbi 2-4, kandi uzirikana imirimo y'amashanyarazi - amazi menshi. Kuzamura pompe ndetse no kuvoma rimwe na rimwe bishyirwa mu nzu yo mu mijyi ifite igitutu kidahagije muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi. Ingingo ya stash yerekana neza. Ariko, menya: Iyo ufite imbaraga, kubura amazi mumazu duturanye birababaje gusa.

Urashobora kandi kubona sitasiyo zibitangaza zishobora gutanga amazi muburyo bukomeye (kugeza 40m), urugero, icyitegererezo tr m 90 (saer, Ubutaliyani (Speroni). Igenamiterere rifite ibikoresho byihariye - ejector itoroshye, itoroheye mumuyoboro hamwe na diameter ya santimetero 4. Imikorere yabo ntabwo irenze 1M3 / H, no gukoresha ingufu ni kimwe na sitasiyo isanzwe. Bagenewe kuvoma amazi mu mariba maremare, ariko kubwumucanga neza ntibizakwira, kuko badakomeza kuba umwanda wa mashini mumazi. Muri rusange, pompe ya Centrifugal yose yunvikana yumucanga na Ilua: Ibikubiye byinshi byibi bihagarikwa mumazi ntibigomba kurenga 150 g / m3. Ikigaragara ni uko ibintu nkibi, bihinduka hagati yicyuma, kuvoma amazi, ninkuta zurugereko, ubangamira moteri kugirango utangire.

Sitasiyo imwe irakusanywa hashingiwe kuri pompe ya vortex. Aba nyuma batanga igitutu gikomeye, igiciro gikabije kandi kigenda neza kuruta centrifugali, ariko zifite umusaruro gake. Portex pompe imwe yunvikana cyane (ibirimo bitagomba kurenga 20-40 g / m3 mugihe cyo kubaga igera kuri 45-555DB, mugihe centriFugal "itanga" hafi 35DB.

Kubara muri litiro na pascal

Byemezwa ko umuntu akoresha impuzandengo ya litiro 150 kumunsi. Niba uteganya kwishimira ubwiherero nibikoresho bya hydromassage, iyi gaciro igomba kwiyongera kuri 30%, kandi iyo ishyiraho imashini zoza ibikoresho - izindi 10%. Kuvomera ubusitani, ukeneye byibuze 200-300l kuri 100m2. Mubisanzwe, kumuryango wabantu batatu, hari ikigega gihagije kijyanye nubunini bwa 450-600l. Biragoye cyane kubara imikorere isabwa hamwe nigitutu cya pompe muri sisitemu hamwe na sitasiyo yubuso. Nibyifuzwa ko igice gitanga igitutu byibuze 0.2 MPA muri buri cyerekezo cyamazi mugihe cyo kubara icyarimwe. Muri iki gihe, birakenewe kwizirikana hydraulic yo kurwanya uburyo bwa sisitemu, bitera igihombo igitutu kandi biterwa nuburebure bwamazi buzamura amazi, uburebure bwuzuye bwumuyoboro wamazi nibindi bintu. Kugirango utaguze ibikoresho bikomeye bidakenewe (kandi icyarimwe kandi icyarimwe ntukababare nyuma yo kubura igitutu, muri buri kibazo ukeneye kubara. Tuzafasha inzobere mumasosiyete ituma ibikoresho byo kuvoma.

Ikintu cyingenzi cya sitasiyo ya kuvoma ni ikigega cyumuvuduko. Ikozwe mubyuma - ibyuma bya karubone cyangwa bisanzwe, nibindi bigega byibikoresho bya elastike (mubisanzwe bikozwe muri reberi karemano) bishyirwa imbere. Ikigega gishobora gushyiraho igitutu kubera umwuka, upakira mu mwanya uri hagati ya rubber "amapera" n'inkuta z'ibyuma. Ikigega cya hydroaccumumulator irashobora kuba 0.3-60l. Muri icyo gihe, inzobere zidafite ubwumvikane kuburyo ingano ya tank ifite agaciro. Uruhande rumwe, ikigega kinini cyumuvuduko ukanda pompe kuva muri kenshi, biganisha ku kwambara imburagihe, cyane cyane moteri yacyo. Akomeye - Iyo ukoresha amazi muri hydroaccumumulator, igitutu muri sisitemu byagabanutse buhoro buhoro kandi bigasubizwa mubisanzwe nyuma yo gufungura pompe. Ariko, nkuko imyitozo irerekana, ibisubizo byiza birashobora kugerwaho hamwe na hydroaccululator nyinshi. Guhitamo umuvuduko wikirere keza muri tank ugerageza kuzimya kuri / off off, urashobora kwirinda ibice byigihe gito byanyuma hamwe na buri gukoresha amazi hamwe nigitutu gikomeye kirasimbuka. Guhungabanya igitutu muri sisitemu bizafasha guhitamo inshuro. Iki gikoresho cyakira ibisomwa byigitutu no guhindura imikorere ya pompe bitewe nuburemere bwo gukoresha amazi. By the way, irashobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu hamwe na centrifugal pompe iyo ari yo yose, harimo neza.

Imvugo yibikorwa mubyukuri ntabwo ikeneye kwitabwaho. Bizakenerwa gusa gusuka amazi muri pompe mbere yintangiriro yambere nigihe 1 mubice byinshi kugirango urebe igitutu cyikirere.

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cumi n'umwe

12

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10. Gahunda yo gutanga amazi ishingiye kuri sitasiyo ya kuvoma yashyizwe munzu: sitasiyo (a); Amazi ya Bloomed Gufata Umuyoboro (B); Gutanga amazi yo hanze (B); Shilation Base (G); robine yo kuvomera (d); Reba Valve (E).

11. Sitasiyo "Jumbo" 70/50 P-50 ("dzhelex") hamwe na pompe hamwe nicyuma kitagira ingano. Igiciro - kuva 10 500.

12. JP 5 (Grundfos) Pompe 775W itanga 4m3 / h. Igiciro - kuva ku bihumbi 7.

13. Sitasiyo yikora ya "Jambo" ("djilex") irashobora gukuramo amazi kuva kuri 9m. Igitabo cya hydraulicock ni 24-50l, impuzandengo igereranya ni 4.2 M3 / H. Igiciro - kuva 6800.

Ubushuhe Kuva mu nyenga

Kurereza amazi mu mariba ya artsian n'umucanga, kimwe n'iburenga byimbitse bikoresha ibikoresho byihariye - pompe ya borehole. Bashobora kuba centrifugal, vortex na screw. Iyambere nuwa kabiri tanga igitutu kinini, ariko wunvikana cyane kumiterere y'amazi (ntabwo ari umwanda wa mashini gusa, ahubwo unasenyutse). Muri icyo gihe, moderi ya centrifugal igomba guhitamo, kubera ko ari iyo kwizerwa kandi zikorwa. Icya gatatu ufite uburyo buke ugereranije (50-70%), ariko izindi mpande zombi ntukabatera ingaruka mbi - igiteranyo cyubu bwoko bwemewe gukoreshwa no gusukura no kugarura amariba.

Diameter ya pompe iringaniza ni santimetero 3 cyangwa 4, bituma bishoboka kugabanya mumuyoboro wa casing (umugozi wijimye utagira ingano ukoreshwa nkibihagarikwa). Ni ubuhe buryo bukabije, pope yinzobere irakemura. Ikora intangiriro ya mbere.

Umutego kubyanduye

Muri Subrarbs, amazi ya artesian akunze kubamo iminyururu nini, lime cyangwa icyuma kandi bisaba kwezwa bigoye bifitanye isano nibiciro byinyongera. Kugira ngo amazi meza akwiranye no kunywa, akenshi akorera chlorine cyangwa gukora urusobe rwinshi rwabambuzi. Ariko, bigomba gukorwa nyuma yo kubona amakuru yukuri kubigize amazi. Ibihuha bya Gion-Kuvunjisha bizafasha guhangana n'umwanda w'imiti n'ubukanishi (kuva ku bihumbi 32 bya Rubles), muyunguruzi utemba ushingiye ku baluminisilicate (kuva ku bihumbi bigera ku bihumbi) no kwimuka (kuva ku bihumbi ibihumbi by). Ibi bikoresho byose ntibisaba gusimbuza ibice, ariko bikenera ibihe byimikorere bihindagurika cyangwa gusana igisubizo kivuka. Gukuraho sulfide gushonga mumazi, ugomba kugura inkingi ya aeration (kuva ku bihumbi 45). Chrinator ihabwa amazi (kuva ku bihumbi 6 byamamaye) no gutemba ultraviolet ya ulterizers (kuva 4500.).

Ibikoresho byatoranijwe bishingiye ku burebure bw'iriba n'icyuma gisabwa. Abakora ibikoraniraga batanga moderi nyinshi za pompe ya borehole, buri kimwe muricyo kiboneka byibuze muburyo butanu. Kurugero, sq (grundfos) umurongo urimo amazina arenga 50 ibikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwa 0.7-1.85 kw, ufite igitutu cya 43-238m nubushobozi bwa 1.65-9.0 m3 / h.

cumi na bine

cumi na batanu

cumi na gatandatu

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14. Gahunda yo gutanga amazi ishingiye kuri pompe y'ibiryo no hydralialical: pompe (a); Kugaburira umuyoboro wa bloomed umuyoboro (b); Gutanga amazi yo hanze (B); Shilation Base (G); Hydrobac (d); Ishami rya kure ryikora (E).

15. Pompe iri murukurikirane rwa SQ (Grundfos), ikubiyemo icyitegererezo gifite igitutu nigice gitandukanye. Igiciro - amafaranga ibihumbi 20-100.

16. Vylexi Urukurikirane Pump (Djilex ") Kunyemerera guhindagura amazi ava inyangamugayo ninyamanswa.

17. Icyitegererezo Twi (Wilo) gifite ibikoresho byo guhindura igitutu no kurinda

Muri iki gihe, amasosiyete menshi yo mu mahanga atanga ibikoresho byo kuvoma ku isoko ry'Uburusiya bifite ibikoresho bya borehole angana no kubaka stobilizer. Ibi ntabwo ari ingamba zidasanzwe - mu myaka mike ishize, ntabwo buri wa kabiri utumizwa mu mahanga watangiye guterwa kubera ibitonyanga bya voltage muri gride. Kugura pompe, menya ko irinzwe kubyara.

Sisitemu yo gutanga amazi ishingiye kuri pompe iriza igomba gushirwa mu bwigenge. Kugira ngo ukore ibi, ugomba kugura hydrobatimo hamwe nishami rishinzwe kugenzura byikora rigizwe numucor, umuvuduko ukaze hamwe no kurinda umutungo.

Ubuyobozi bwa EATITORIAL burashimira isosiyete "Djilex", Grundfos, Wilo yo gufasha mugutegura ibikoresho.