Birazwi neza ko iyo urangije hejuru, ibisubizo byanyuma biterwa nubwiza bwimyiteguro shingiro. Ibi ni ukuri cyane ku magorofa adakwiye kugenda neza kandi meza, ahubwo yizewe, ni ukuvuga kwihanganira imitwaro ikomeye
Birazwi neza ko iyo urangije hejuru, ibisubizo byanyuma biterwa nubwiza bwimyiteguro shingiro. Ibi ni ukuri cyane ku magorofa adakwiye kugenda neza kandi meza, ahubwo yizewe, ni ukuvuga kwihanganira imitwaro ikomeye
Ku bijyanye no gusana inzu yo mu mijyi, munsi y'amagambo "igishushanyo" ubusanzwe bisobanura imiterere iri hagati yo gutwikira ibikubiye hejuru yuzuyemo ibice bikubise no kurangiza. Ntibisanzwe gukora udafite uyu munyamigabane, mbere ya byose kuko guhuzagurika ntabwo byigeze byoroshye. Nubwo nta kugabanuka kugaragara hagati yisahani, kugenzura urwego rworoshye, nkitegeko, kumenya "imiraba" nubufatanye buzaganisha ku makosa. Usibye guhuza ibice bya "cake" yumushinga ushobora kubamo hydro, amajwi, kwishyuza ubushyuhe no munsi. Buri gihe birakenewe? Nigute wagabanya ikiguzi cyo gushushanya no kwihutisha kubaka nta gutakaza ireme? Nibihe bintu bisanzwe mugushiraho igorofa ya etage? Tuzagerageza gusubiza ibyo bibazo dukoresheje ingingo, nk'amafaranga yihariye aboneka, imanza enye ziva mu kubaka.
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Nta biciro byihariye
Birashoboka ibintu byinshi bishobora kuvuga ko "cheap ntabwo bibaho yahongereye" no "mu akitesha pays kabiri," Ariko, abantu benshi bakiri gushaka kugabanya ikiguzi gusana, no namba ya kavukanye gukemura, ariko kubera impamvu intego cyane. Hano n'intwari z'inkuru yacu ya mbere - Umuryango wikiri muto ufite abana babiri - Nabwirijwe gusana inzu yibyumba bibiri munzu yuruhererekane rwa P-44T, ufite ingengo yimari yoroheje. Abashakanye bahise bemeza ko bakoresha ibikoresho bihendutse, ariko byinshi bifatika kandi birambye. Kubwibyo, hateganijwe intangiriro yo kwambara yateguwe hasi muri etaling na koridour, kandi mubwiherero nigikoni cyo kuryama amabuye ya porcelain. Abategetsi batumije basuzumye ibihari byafashwe mu gihe cy'ubwubatsi bw'inzu, maze bigereranya uko bimera. Ihame, amahitamo yatoranijwe arashobora gushyirwaho kuri yo niba atari ukundi urwego rwurwego (hafi 8mm), rwagaragaye muri koridor, hamwe n '"imisozi mito" na flight ".
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Igikoresho cy'ubushyuhe bw'amazi mu gikoni: Ku myandaro ya plab yashyizwe mu gikoni cya firime, ubushyuhe n'amata yijwi biva muri fibre ya synthetic kandi ishimangira gride y'umuhanda (a); Hejuru yabo hari imiyoboro y'amazi hamwe nindi ndogobe (b); Igisubizo cyasutswe, kandi iyo imirongo yumye, yatangiraga gushyira amabati (g). Igishushanyo gitanga igabanuka ryiyongera ryurusaku rwahungabanijwe na 25-30DB, kandi niba hari igice cyinyongera kuva fibre ya basalt (b) - na 36DB
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Gushiraho "kureremba" Ijwi Rijoro: Yashyizwe mu bice bibiri bya matete kuva mu mabuye y'agaciro "Shuttstop-C2", yateguwe ku nkike "hamwe n'uburebure bwa 150mm (e); Hejuru ya matasi yashyize igice cya kimwe cya kabiri cyumucanga hamwe nubwinshi bwa 30mm (e); Byashimangiwe neza (G) hanyuma bigaruke hamwe nigisubizo cya cream ya cream (guhuza igice - 20mm). Igishushanyo cyemewe cyo kugabanuka kwiyongera kwurusaku rwinshi kuri 42DB kandi arinda kwinjiza urusaku rwindege, nubwo ari bibi cyane kubera kohereza amajwi kumurongo.
Abubatsi batanga kugirango bakureho inenge zose muri porogaramu imwe, imvange yo kwishyira hamwe iracumbika hejuru. Bahamagaye ibiciro (amafaranga 550. Kuri 1m2) hanyuma ahita abaza ikiguzi cyakazi - amafaranga ibihumbi 22. Nyirubwite yabajije niba bidashoboka gukora gusa gusana byaho. Abakozi aho kuba barabimviye, bavuga ko ibisubizo byaba kure y'icyifuzo. Ibisohoka byasibwe na parforator hamwe na nozzle idasanzwe. Kugira ngo ufunge cyane kandi ukureho "imitwe", yakoresheje urwego rwa "Wetonite 5000" ("Ibicuruzwa byubwubatsi bwa Saint Rus", Uburusiya). Agace yasabye kari hafi 6m2. Akazi kari gafite agaciro ibihumbi 5 gusa. Birumvikana ko ubuso butambitse bwakiriwe muri koridor, ahubwo, ahantu hahanamye, ariko rero, nyuma yo gutabara hasi, byaje kubangamiwe (abakozi baburiye "akabari", ariko ibi ntibyabikoze bibaho). Ariko, rwose nta chagrin ntiyigeze igura. Igorofa ya porcelain yari 4mm munsi yintara kubera itandukaniro mubyimbye byayo. Urwenya rwagombaga gufunga neza. Byongeye kandi, kwinjiza urusaku rwahungabanye muri ako karere, aho amabuye ya Porceriin yashyizwe hasi, yagumye adashimishije.
Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Ihinduka ritandukanye ryatanze ibisabwa bitandukanye. Imyizeko, Tile irashobora rimwe na rimwe gushyirwa mu buryo butaziguye ku nkombe ya charamzite-beto yatekerejwe, nubwo isi ya nyuma ifite imiterere yisi. Umwigisha w'inararibonye ntabwo bigoye gukuraho ibitagenda neza, guhindura ubunini bw'umugereka ufatika. Linoleum yemerewe gushyiraho umusenyi-beto ya screde, niba ubuherohewe butarenze 9%. Itara risaba cork cyangwa polyethylene substrate hejuru ya screed neza. Igiti cy'ibiti - Igice cya Parquet, Ikibaho kinini kandi cya Parquet - Ubutaka bwinshi. Kuri bo, ni ngombwa guha ibikoresho byizewe kandi bihenze bya lag na / cyangwa plywood byimbitse.
Umuyobozi wa Ayrei Khruslev, Ay Di Sreroina
Ibibazo byo kumiterere no kumisha
Nta makuru yakuwe mu nzu nshya igenamigambi. Nyir'imyanda y'imitutsi ubwe. Muri icyo gihe, ategekwa kwita ku baturanyi baturutse hepfo, harimo urusaku rwijwi mu gishushanyo mbonera. Inkuru yacu ya kabiri ni uko bidakenewe kuzuza imyandikire ya sima-umucanga.
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Igikoresho cya beto ceramic yasobanuye mu gikoni: Ibijumba by'integetswe na Mastike-bitumer-bitumen, n'aho bahuriye ibihimbano ntabwo ari bibiri, kandi mu bice bitatu (a); Ukoresheje urwego rwa laser, amatara yashizwemo amatara ava ku imyirondoro idasanzwe kubisubizo (B, B); Iyo igisubizo kirahagaritswe, cyagenzuye itambitse hamwe nurwego rusanzwe rwa bubble (g); Shira igice kinini cya ceramzitetone (d); Mubyiciro byinshi, umurongo hamwe na sima yamazi-umusenyi (e)
Nyiri inzu yagutse munzu nshya ya monolith-amatafari yashakaga gukoresha parquet igice nkigice kinini. Ariko aho kugisha inama ako kanya hamwe ninzobere muri ibi bikoresho, yihutiye gutumira brigade kumushinga urangije - guhuza amagorofa n'inkuta, bihagaze munsi yinyoni. Nyuma y'iyi mirimo irangiye, kubaka byahagaritswe hafi umwaka, hanyuma ikindi kigo kiragenda. Igihe nageraga hasi hasi, shobuja-ishyaka, rikora ikizamini cyimpamvu, gusa twatanye n'amaboko yabo gusa. Kugenzura ukoresheje sclerometero yerekana ko imbaraga zo guhagarika urwego rwo hejuru kiri munsi ya 50 mPA; Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, beto yari yuzuyeho grids, maze muri umwe mu mfuruka, umucukuzi yazuwe hejuru yo kwica imikurire, maze abigwamo, ibyuka bitumva. Nta jwi ryumvikana rifite.
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Mbere yo gutontoma, ugomba kuvomera hejuru. Ibi ntibireba gusa "bito", ariko no ku nzu yose. Amazi akenewe cyane cyane kugirango umenye ko amazi akubiye muri beto muri beto atazagenda microcreya ntangarugero kandi ntiyigeze agaragara ku gisenge mu baturanyi baba hano. Kimwe, ibitangizo byumye byo hejuru birashobora "gukuramo" amazi kuva kumurongo wo hasi kuva kurimbukirana - nkigisubizo, beto buzuma kandi ntanguke imbaraga zikenewe. Ibyakozwe hydraulic byari ingirakamaro mugihe kizaza: Mugihe habaye bito, mugihe cyamavuko yangiritse, ntabwo azatanga amazi kugirango yinjire hejuru.
Menya impamvu nyamukuru itera inenge ntabwo bigoye: beto yumye nabi. Ishingiro ntabwo ryabaye mbere - kubera ibi, urwego rwo hasi; Ntabwo bitwikiriye hejuru kandi ntibavomera amazi - nkigisubizo, urwego rwo hejuru rwatakaye kubwibyo. Gukiza kidasanzwe (ku nkombe byabaye vuba) byatumye habaho guhindura amabati. Gusebanya burundu ibihari byagaragaye byari umurimo utoroshye, nuko abubatsi basaba kuyisana. Gukosora inenge zose zagaragaye, byafashe igihe kinini. Byari nkenerwa gusuka ibice bishya bya sima-Polymed bivanze, kandi ahantu hamwe ho gukinisha umwobo no gusuka igisubizo cyamazi. Kubwo gusana 1m2 Igishushanyo, nyir'ubwite yagombaga kwishyura amafaranga agera kuri 450., ni ukuvuga kimwe cya kabiri cyibiciro byo guta isi.
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Kugirango ukore ubuso bunoze bwimirima itandukanye, nibyiza gutanga ibiteganijwe mbere yumushinga. Niba ibi bidakozwe, inzitizi zigomba gushyirwaho (a).
Isover Miners Ibyapa byakozwe ukoresheje tekinoroji ya Tel ifite amazi make kandi akwiriye kwinjiza hasi (B).
Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Ubushobozi bwumvikana bwuzuye buranga urutonde rwurwego rugabanijwe rwurusaku rwinshi rwurusaku rwiki gishushanyo: LNW) mugihe imashini zikora zidasanzwe: Ibyiza bya stage bitandukanya amajwi. Nk'uko SUNIP 23-03-2003 "Kurengera urusaku", mu nyubako zo gutura mu cyiciro b (hamwe n'ibimenyetso byiza) Iki kimenyetso ntigikwiye kurenga 58DB. Yoo, mu nyubako zisanzwe, gutanga umusaruro gake gake gake gake. Ariko, birahagije gushira munsi yuburyo bukoreshwa mubikoresho byavumbutse - ubwoya bwamabuye y'agaciro, polyethylene ifuro, igikomangoma, cork tekinike, hamwe na lnw agaciro ka lnw iragabanuka cyane. Rero, mugihe cyamabuye y'agaciro yubudodo afite ubunini bwa 30-40, igabanuka rishobora kugera kuri 38DB. Ku bijyanye n'igorofa ku kiraro, umurimo wo kuzamura amajwi ahanini biragoye. Kugirango ugikemure, ugomba gushiraho lagropora idasanzwe.
Nikolai Eremin, Umuyobozi wa "Acoustics"
Amasosiyete "Saint-Goben Eau
Ivanga zitandukanye
Kugirango bahuze ibisenge biseke, kimwe na beto cyangwa ibumba-beto, ibisubizo byateguwe kuva imvange idasanzwe ishingiye kuri sima na Gypsum hamwe nibishyingo bya Polymer bikoreshwa. Bagabanijwemo ibice kandi byinshi. Iya mbere iratera amazi kugeza guhoraho gukurikiranwa no gushyira mu bikorwa byinshi; Kuva ku wa kabiri, igisubizo cyamazi gikorwa, gishobora gukwirakwira hejuru. Izo manza zibanda kuri beacons zerekanwe kurwego (akenshi laser). Guhitamo uburyo runaka bwo guhuza hejuru akenshi biterwa nibintu bifatika, nkibisabwa byihariye bya ba shebuja isosiyete isarura. Kubijyanye nibibazo bifatika, amagorofa menshi agura bihenze, asaba cyane ireme ryimirimo: igisubizo kirakomeye cyane, kugirango ugire umwanya wo kubishyira mubikorwa no gukuraho ibituba bihujwe, ubumenyi bwumwuga. Byemezwa ko ibisubizo byinshi bikwiranye no kuringaniza ahantu hahantu. Undi munyamuryango ni ubwinshi ku isoko ryimpimbano hamwe no kuvanga hejuru kumagorofa menshi (umwanya wabo wo kubika ntabwo urenga amezi 6, kandi rimwe na rimwe ni amezi 3 gusa). Urwego rwibipimo-byiza-igisubizo ntabwo gifite imbaraga zikenewe. Byongeye kandi, nyuma yo gutwarwa igice cya slabuto, ndetse ikongerera hamwe na primer. Bikangisha ibibazo bikomeye, cyane cyane niba igifu gihe gihenze kirangiye gifatiro, kuko noneho ntibishoboka kubikuraho nta cyangiza.
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Gushiraho igishushanyo mbonera gishingiye ku mata yavuye mu mwenda w'amabuye "flor) (rockwool): ku mari yashyize amata (a, b); Hariho ibice bibiri bya Plywood 12mm cyane kandi ufata ikibaho cya parquet (B, D). Abo mwashakanye bafite imbaraga zigenda zitwara (3.5 MPA), bityo igishushanyo mbonera byoroshye uburemere bwibikoresho no kwikorera mugihe ugenda, utanga igabanuka ryiyongera ryurusaku rwaka kugeza 36 db
Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Akenshi, ingaruka za mashini kumurongo wa etage yakozwe nukujyanwa na parquet cyangwa ikibaho kinini kirenze imizigo isanzwe (kugenda, uburemere bwibikoresho). Kubwibyo, ibintu bigize ishingiro (byashushanyijeho, urwego kuva pastwood) rugomba kurwanya neza imbaraga zo gutandukana no kunyerera. Ibi bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe ushushanya hasi. Kubwimpanuka, imbaraga zo guhagarika sima-umucana igomba kuba byibuze 15 MPA, imbaraga zigihe cyo hejuru cya quttle ni byibuze igice cya Plywood, cyuzuyemo ibishushanyo, ni Nibura 3/4 cyuzuye. Mu kurema ibyoherejwe, ubushyuhe n'ubutegetsi bwa demoideti mucyumba nabyo bigomba kwitabwaho, kuboneka kw'itumanaho muri stations ya screed, ku buryo bwo guhindura ibintu bitandukanye ndetse no mu bindi bintu.
Vadim Smirnov, Umuyobozi wa Tekinike ya Parquet Hall
Yoo, umukandara!
Abatuye mu nzu nyinshi biherereye ku magorofa ya mbere barakara mu gihe cy'itumba. Imwe mumpamvu zibi ni ukuzuza ubushyuhe bwumuriro uhuza umutwe utandukanya inzu kuva hasi, ubushyuhe budakunze kurenga 10 ° C. Tuzavuga ku gusana inzu y'ibyumba bitatu muri II-49 y'inzu. Ba nyirayo (Chau y'ibiruhuko bikora) bahise bavuga hamwe na sosiyete y'ubwubatsi gukenera kwishura hasi kandi yemera kwigomwa icyombo0m z'uburebure bwo ku rukwi "rushyushye". Abahanga b'isosiyete bagiriye inama yo gushyira amarimba muri lobby na "utose", mubyumba bishyuha munsi yacyo, kandi mubyumba bisigaye kugira ngo bakore igorofa ku bugome bwa basalt (hano byari biteganijwe gukoresha ikibaho cya parquet kugirango urangize). Ba nyirayo bifuzaga ko hanonosoye neza, nta karubanda. Kugira ngo ukore ibi, byari ngombwa kubara neza ubunini bwa "pies" ebyiri zitandukanye kandi uzirikane ibitagenda neza.
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Kwishyiriraho igorofa yo hasi kuri lags ihinduka: Lags yari iherereye muri 300mm yiyongera, mugihe ukoresheje inyandikorugero idasanzwe (a); Mbere yo gufata umwobo muri plaque, yometse kuri dowel-imisumari ya lags (b); Shira utubari utambitse, uhindure uburebure bwa plastiki ushyigikira plastiki, kandi uhindura impapuro za pani zamazi zifite ubugari bwa mm 15 (b); Twatangiye kurasa hanze (G)
Ubwa mbere muri koridoro nigikoni cyateraga charamzite-beto yakuweho nubunini bwa 70mm. Mugihe yabitswe, batangiye kwinjizamo serivisi mubice bisigaye (panouse panolet ntabwo yakoze mu bwiherero na gato). Ingwate-Polymeric Stawproont "Glims-Water-marcoptop" (Glims, Uburusiya) yakoreshejwe kuri sima-Polymer. Noneho yashinze ibiranda bikozwe mu tubari bifunze hamwe nigice cyambukiranya 40x40mm, hamwe nintambwe ya 300mm. Bari bafatanye no kwishushanya buri 500mm. Kubwinjiriro mbere yo guhuza, ibice biva mu mazi byakoreshejwe amazi byakoreshejwe, kandi kuri plaque nziza - amasahani yisi. Hagati ya lags, amababi yo mu mucyo woroheje yatwaje inyamanswa (rockwool, ahangayikishijwe n'amahanga) kandi atwikira igishushanyo mbonera cya firime ya polyethylene, bikabuza imigenzo y'ibikoresho mu cyumba. Hejuru yakoreshejwe mubice bibiri bya FSF Ikirango cya FSF cya 12mm (hepfo) na 9mm (hejuru), zigasigaranye ubugari bwa 3-5mm, zikaba zirushijeho kwiyongera kandi ziyongera Muri buriwese no kuzamura). Ibiribwa byubugari bwa 10mm byasigaye hafi yibyumba byo guturamo no mu ihuriro rya etage. Imbere, bafunzwe na madeli, mu bya kabiri, indishyi za cork zashyizwe mu buryo. Amashusho hamwe na kabili yo gushyushya yashyizwe munsi ya tile (murwego rwa glue). Igiciro cya 1m2 cyumushinga wa lags ya lags na plywood yari ingano 1250, na 1m2 yo hasi (harimo nigiciro cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi) - Amafaranga 2700.
Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Iyo ibijyanye nigorofa bisabwa, mubisanzwe turasaba gukoresha ibiti bitijwe, hagati aho ushobora gushyiramo ibikoresho byubushyuhe, mate ya fibrestyrene, mate-fibros-fibrous-fibrost, kwuzura ceramic. Ibyiza byibumba no kwifuzwa nuko bidakabije: Niba amazi azagwa mubishushanyo mbonera cyumushinga, ntibizatinda aho, kandi unyuze mu bwisanzure. Nkigisubizo, inzego yibiti zizababara gake. Nkigice cyingenzi cyibikoresho bya fibrous, amazi aratinda kuva kera, biganisha ku mbumbaro n'ibihumyo, ndetse no kwangirika kwa microclimate mu nzu. Niba igishushanyo mbonera cyumushinga kirimo urwego rwubushyuhe bwo kwigana, ntabwo dusaba amazi yububiko bwagize ingaruka. Indi verisiyo yo kwishyuza ubushyuhe ni beto-beto-beto yakuwe hejuru yimpapuro zamabyimba cyangwa cork tekinike ifite nibura 30mm.
Sergey Golovochko, umutware wa programmer
Nta tegeko ngenderwa
Mu gusoza, tuzavuga ibijyanye no gusimbuza igishushanyo mbonera cy'imishinga mu nzu yubatswe muri 60. Xx muri. Ikintu cya mbere cyakubise ba nyiri inzu cyari cyo kunyura mu gice iyo ugenda. Kuraho igorofa ya kera, yavumbuye ibijumba byaciwe. Hejuru yacyo iratabarika, umwanya hagati yabo wuzuye uruvange rwumucanga, ibiserukira hamwe nubwubatsi. Yapfuye munsi ya lags, niba bimukiye aho bari, baba baraboze, kandi ikiriba ubwabo hafi guhinduka d. Byahise bisobanuka ko byari ngombwa guhindura sisitemu yose.
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Montage yometseho ikoranabuhanga ryumye kuri "KNAID": Indege yakwirakwije firime ya Poyikile, "uruhande" rwashyizwe ku rukuta ruzengurutse ibikoresho byo kumenagura - a); yasutseho urwego rwa clamzit nto, yajugunywe yitonze (b) kandi ashyizwe hejuru (c); yakusanyirijwe muri Gypsum Fibs (D), bigatera akanya kakozwe (e) ku ngingo; Kuko amasahani yo gufunga yakoresheje imigozi isanzwe (e)
Ariko, ntabwo byoroshye kubona verisiyo nziza kandi idahembwa ya verisiyo ya sction. Gutaba "Zarazimira ubwabo: Gukora ishingiro ryizewe, bakeneye gukosorwa gushikama, kandi ubunini bw'imyenda hagati y'imbavu gusa, kandi iyo barimo kwinezeza munsi y'igitambaro gusa, kandi iyo habaye ingaruka yo kumeneka. Gupakira hejuru ya karuvati ya kera byari biteje akaga ... Vitoga yahagaritse guhitamo ku itsinda ryumye rya "OP 135" ("KNAUF", Uburusiya). Nibintu bya puzzle bibiri bya gypsum-fibre byashyizwe hejuru yimbere (umucanga wibumba). Niba ingingo za plaque zikarishye, ubuso buzaba bukwiriye gukomera - ni igorofa nkiyi yahisemo ba nyir'inzu yose (tile nshya yashyizwe hejuru ya kera). Nubunini bwa 80mm, misa ya 1m2 yamanutse ni nka 30kg gusa. Igishushanyo gitandukanya neza urusaku ruhungabana - iyo rukoreshwa, LNW igabanuka na 18-22DB (ariko RW yongera gato - 2-4DB gusa). Igiciro cya 1m2 cyumye kimaze gushushanya cyari amafaranga 1050.
Bemeza ku giti
Ubuyobozi bwa EWSITIAL burashimira isosiyete "Ay Di Stroy", "Umusaza w'ikigo cya Saint-Goben-Gosen, igiciro kugira ngo afashe mugutegura ibikoresho.