Ibiranga Guhangana na Kibuye Zishushanya Zisumbuye: Beto, amatafari, ibiti, kwimbaho hamwe no kwinjiza hamwe na plasterboard yumye
Icyenda itesha agaciro ibuye rirashobora gushushanya hejuru yinkuta iyo ari yo yose yo hanze n'imbere: amatafari-beto, amatafari, ibiti, ibiti, ibiti bitwikiriye intangaruganda. Intsinzi birashoboka cyane, niba kurangiza nkiyi biteganijwe n'umushinga w'inzu, kandi iyo bikora imirimo, amabwiriza ya tekiniki yubahirizwa.
Ninde?
Gushushanya amatara, rimwe na rimwe bita ibihangano, byizewe ku buryo bwo kubyara ifishi, ibara nimiterere yibuye nyazo: yoroshye kandi yoza no koza, imigezi. Ariko, ibuye ridafite inkomoko. Ibice byayo nyamukuru ni sima (nka binder), umucanga, kuzunguruka (ceramz, pemice, pumice cyangwa imvange zacyo) na pimire. Rimwe na rimwe kunoza imitungo y'amabuye, plastistizers yatangijwe mu bigize ibigize, ingingo zahari. Mu masosiyete azwi cyane z'Uburusiya - Abakora ibyo bikoresho barashobora kwitwa imisozi yera, Kaburi, ibuye rya Chelsea, ikibanza, "ubucuruzi bwa Ecolt", "ibuye ryiza". Igiciro 1m- 750-1400Rub.
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Kuva ntoya kugeza nini
Uburemere bw'ibuye buterwa n'ubunini n'imbunda. Umucyo ufatwa nk'ikwirakwizwa ripima kugeza kuri 20 kg; Harimo gukusanya amatafari azwi cyane, imbaga yibintu bitagereranywa nimitako nyayo. Amabuye apima 20-52 kg / m ni icyiciro kigereranyo cya 52 kg, kirenga 52kg / m kugeza bikomeye. Usibye kuri bo, urukuta rw'inzu rugomba kwihanganira uburemere bwa shoti, kole no mu ruke. Niba impuzandengo ya kole hamwe nigituba kuri 1m 3-5kg, hanyuma ndetse no hafi "ya" m 17kg / m) uburemere bwibikoreshwa buzaba 6-10KG, kandi ibi ni byinshi.
Ikindi gipimo cyingenzi kigomba kwitabwaho nigipimo cya misa na kare yibintu byihariye. Kuvugurura amatafari ni byiza. Ntabwo ari amahirwe ku buryo akoreshwa ku busa bwose, harimo na GKL ariho, yashyizwe hamwe no kwishinyagurira, itabara chipboard kandi ntabwo yagenewe imitwaro minini. Urufatiro rwibuye rinini-ikintu kimwe cya dm 1 kirashobora gupima 7kg. Guhitamo ubwoko busa bwarangiye, reka tuvuge, kugirango uruhande rwinzu yigihugu, ugomba kumenya neza ko ibiro byayo bitazahoraho igishushanyo cyinkike gusa, ahubwo ni urufatiro. Mukureho wenyine: Kubwikigero cyihuse muri sandwich Panels (100kg / m), urufatiro runini rwibintu byabayeho cyane, kandi ijwi ryayo ntirishobora kurema ibibazo bifite ibiro byinshi. Niba ba nyirayo mu buryo butunguranye (ntabwo biri murwego rwo gukora umushinga cyangwa kubaka, no kurangiza) yahisemo gushushanya inkuta hamwe na cabbles (70kg / m), uburemere bwinyubako buziyongera inshuro 1.5-2. Ibi biremewe kurufatiro rworoheje? Umwubatsi agomba gusubizwa ikibazo nkiki, ariko ntabwo ari uruganda cyangwa ibuye ryinjira.
Umwanzuro, nkuko bigaragara, biragaragara: Ubwoko nuburemere bwibumba bwinzu bigomba gutegurwa mugishushanyo mbonera, iyo igishushanyo mbonera cyikigo kibarwa.
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Guhura ibuye ryiza rihuriweho hejuru yimbaho (a, B), inkuta zapimwe neza. Intandaro "ibuye" zihujwe neza hamwe n'inkoni zanditseho, zikore ku ngazi z'icyuma na balkoni.
Uruzitiro rukomeye rutanga urugo rwigihugu kandi rukemeza umutekano wacyo. Uruzitiro, rutondekanye n'ibuye ryo gushushanya, bihuye neza n'ibintu byose, bihuza n'imihanda, byahawe agaciro na "ibuye" bibuza, kandi bitabangamiye igihome gisanzwe cy'akarere.
A, c - Imisozi yera
B - umwubatsi A. Ermakova, ifoto V. Nefdovova
Kole cyangwa plaqueing?
Ibigo byinshi bifite inzobere mu kwishyiriraho ibuye ryo gushushanya, koresha amahame rusange yo kurambika, ariko icyarimwe barabamenyera ubwabo. Muyandi magambo, "sisitemu ya Masonry" itandukanye muburyo bwo gufunga ibintu byinkuta zikoreshwa nudukambire, imbaraga zimbaraga, amakosa yimiterere nubunini bwizuba.
Urugero rworoshye: Kugira ngo ibuye rikosowe byimazeyo, ibihimbano byaka byakagombye kugira ibyo ahinnye bihagije ku rufatiro. Byongeye kandi, ahatirwa gukorera inserper hagati y'urukuta n'amabuye (bo, afite itegeko, bafite coefficial zitandukanye zo kwagura umurongo) ku buryo bw'ihindagurika. N'ubundi kandi, ubuso bw'isoko cy'urukuta, cyane cyane ku zuba, bushyushye kugeza kuri + 15 ° C, kandi bukonje kugeza kuri -5 nijoro. Muri icyo gihe, ishingiro ntabwo rishyushye cyane nk'ibuye, bityo, harasetsa bikozwe muri byo kwagura. Niba ushyize mu bikorwa "nabi", ibice byanze bikunze bigaragara ku maso, kandi amabuye azagwa mu gihe.
Rero, guhitamo kole kugirango ishushanyijeho amabuye, ni ngombwa kuzirikana imitungo yibanze. Ariko, birakenewe kuzirikana ko umufuka (25 kg) uvanze ku isonga ryanditseho amafaranga 290-390, no kwinjiza cyane (nk'amatafari) - bimaze 45550 Rable. Igiciro cy'abigize umwuga ndetse no gukomera cyane (1.2-1.4 mpa) bigera ku mafaranga 600-700. Mugihe cyabo, bafatanije cyane ibuye kurukuta urwo arirwo rwose, igiciro cyabo kizasa nkisumba.
Urashaka kuzigama? Nyamuneka gira inzira nyinshi. Byoroheje ni ugutanga ibitekerezo kandi mugihe kimwe kugirango uhuze hejuru yurukuta hamwe nigice gito (5-10mm) cyivanga-umucanga, kandi bimaze gukoresha inzitizi nini ya demokarasi hejuru yayo. Muburyo, ibihimbano byumye bitanga abakora gushushanya amabuye bafite amabuye ya 0.8-1MP, nkuko bisanzwe, bigenewe impamvu zateguwe (Plusping).
Kubuso hamwe no gutondekanya hasi kuri sima-sandy ibisubizo, byurugero, uburyo bwa monolithic, uburyo bwageragejwe burakoreshwa: Ubwa mbere kugeza kurukuta, kandi umusozi wamabuye uhuza ibihangano. Muri iki gihe, ikiguzi cyose cyo gukoresha kandi imirimo ikorwa izaba amafaranga agera kuri 400. Kuri 1m. Ariko, kubiranga ishyaka ryubwoko butandukanye bwimbaraga birakwiye guhagarara muburyo burambuye.
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Mbere yo gushiraho amatara ashishikaye, mesh yicyuma gikombyaga ifatanye kurukuta rw'amatafari (a). Ibikoresho byibintu bigomba gutangizwa bifite ibintu bifatika, hanyuma ushushanye inkuta (b).
Kugirango tumenye ubushobozi bwuzuye bwibikoresho bifatika hamwe nibikorwa bikora byamabuye yo gushushanya, ugomba kugira ubumenyi bwihariye kandi wubahiriza amategeko amwe. Kubwibyo, guhangayikishwa niyi ngingo bigomba kugirirwa ikizere kubantu batabishaka, ahubwo barimo ababigize babigizemo uruhare babishaka mugushiramo. Bazashobora gusohoza umurimo woroshye mugihe gito gishoboka (c, d).
A, B - Ifoto V. Kovaleva
C - "ibuye ryiza"
D - kamera
Beto n'ibikomokaho
Ni ukubera iki bidashaka kwisiga ibuye muri beto beto ya monolitte, ibirambo, urufatiro? N'ubundi kandi, basa neza. Byasaga, fata kandi ubishyireho nta guhuza ... ikibazo nukubera gusa kandi ni hejuru cyane, bikagenda neza, bikagenda bitera ibihimbano. Kugirango wongere ibintu bifatika byuburyo, urashobora gukoresha primari zidasanzwe: Oresit 19 (Henkel, Umutungo utinze. "(Ussi)" ("ibyiza", Uburusiya). Ariko nanone biracyari byizewe kugirango bifashisha inzira igaragara: kugirango dushyireho indobani cyangwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitambaro hamwe na Dowel hamwe no gutsimbarara, kandi nyuma yo gukama, komeza kuri kwishyiriraho ibuye.
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Triim ibuye ryamabuye (imisozi yera): Banza wogeze ibyuma bya plaster (a) igituba (b) ahantu hose (b). Noneho ubuso hamwe na gride butwikiriwe nigice gito cya plant plaster (g) hanyuma ikajya kugeza yumye. Ibuye ry'abihimbano rishyirwa kuri plaster inangiye, kugenzura ko Masonry yoroshye akoresheje urwego rwo kubaka (E). Nibiba ngombwa, "ibuye" ryaciwe imashini ikonje kugirango babone ingano yifuzwa (e). Ikidodo c'inzu hamwe nigituba kidasanzwe, kubyutsa ukoresheje pistolet yo kubaka (g)
Amatafari - Urubanza rworoheje
Amatafari, Ibinyuranye, aragenda cyane. Bashobora gufatirwa ibuye ryiza ryuburemere ubwo aribwo bwose butangaje. Urukuta rwabanje gukubitwa n'ubutaka bukwiye, urugero rwa Ceyoti yaba 17 (Henkel), "Ubutaka bwimbitse bwo kwinjira". , "Inyenyeri Yinyenyeri T-11" ("Ishigisi"), "Flex" (KNAUF, Uburusiya). Hejuru yubusa, igisubizo kifatika kirakoreshwa neza, no ku ibuye. Ibiciro bizaba bito gusa hamwe nubunini buto bwakazi, mugihe urangije barbecue, base, ibice byurukuta. Iyo uhuye ninyubako, abakozi ntibashobora kugasiba neza koko hejuru ya buri kintu. Ibihimbano bimwe byigihe bihenze hejuru yubuso bwiyongereye cyane, kandi birasabwa. Kubwibyo, birakwiye gutekereza kubikoresha uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru.Ku matafari ashaje cyangwa ku nkuta z'amatafari meza, ndetse no ku buso bwa Monolith-beto, birakenewe gukoresha gride. Amatafari yafashwe agenwa na Dowel-Umusumari, kugirango akore ibiyiko (ubwoko "Molly", "ikinyugunyugu") cyangwa inanga. Ibikurikira, kora ukurikije gahunda izwi. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, baza bafite inkuta z'amatafari bafitanye isano na hydrophobizers cyangwa uburyo buva mu burebure (biragoye cyane kubijyanye).
Urukuta
Kurya amazu yo mugihugu mubikoresho bitandukanye byubaka, harimo n'ingabo n'ibiti, akenshi bikoresha amafaranga yo hanze neza kuva ku masahani ya polystyrene, ubwoya bwamayongere..D. Benshi barashobora gushidikanya ko ubuso butarekuye kandi budakomeye bwinkuta birashobora kuba ibuye ryo gushushanya. Ariko, ikoranabuhanga nkiryo rimaze igihe kinini ryatejwe imbere kandi rigeragezwa mubikorwa.
Nyuma yisahani yo kwipimisha ifatanye nurukuta, bongeye gukosorwa na dowel-umusumari cyangwa inanga bitewe nubwoko bwibanze. Noneho icyapa cya shell gikoreshwa kandi gihita gitwikiriwe nibikorwa byo kwinjiza kugirango bibe hagati yurwego. Ibikurikira, grid yometse kuri dowel kuri shingiro, ni ukuvuga, inanga ebyiri zirakorwa. Igikorwa cyacyo ntabwo gikosora gusa ibikoresho byongereshya, ahubwo bihinduka inkunga yizewe yo guhangana. Ubuntu kubyerekeranye, amenyo yashizweho, kandi bigaruriwe nibikorwa byo gupfuka amabuye. Kuri hitamo rero, ibuye ryo gushushanya ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose, uhereye kuri byoroheje kugeza bigoye cyane. Umaze gushyiraho ubwoko runaka bwo guhura numushinga, uzahitamo gusa ibijyanye n'ubucucike bukwiye, umubare wifuzwa wa Dowels, mes pester iva mubintu bikwiye hamwe nubunini bwa selile.
Birumvikana ko ibintu byihishe no kurwanirizwa iyo bikora ku bijyanye no kwishimana, urugero, harasabwa kwitabwaho cyane ku madirishya n'inzugi, ingingo z'ibitekerezo, hanze n'imbere n'imbere Inguni ya IT.d. Ariko ntibyumvikana kubisobanura. Bose bagomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso kubijyanye nakazi cyangwa izindi nyandiko zumushinga, na brigade ya maramu ari gusa ikomeje gukurikirwa na we.
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Inkuta z'imbaho: Uburyo bwihariye
Kurangiza cyane "ibuye" ni ishingiro ryibiti, akenshi bitwa "bizima". Rero, urukuta hamwe nubuso bwa 10m hamwe nubushyuhe nubushyuhe burashobora guhindura ibipimo byumurongo kugeza kuri cm 10. Ntabwo abantu bose bahanganye bazaza kwihanganira iterambere, kandi ntabwo aririgade zose zizatwara akazi nkako.Hariho inzira, ntabwo ari umwe. Urashobora gushyushya inzu uva mu kabari hanze, kandi kogutubira ni ugushira ibuye. Sisitemu nkiyi igufasha gukoresha umurongo wumurongo wigiti, ariko bigomba kubarwa neza, kandi irushanwa rigomba kubaho byanze bikunze kugira ibyanganiye. Mubisanzwe bikorwa ku mfuruka, munsi ya Windows ya IT.p., Aho, aho badashobora kugaragara.
Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Nyuma yo kurambika amaherezo, umurongo uva mu ibuye ryo gushushanya wifuzwa gufatwa n'amazi adasanzwe ya hydrophobique. Ikora igice cya elastike-gishishikarizwa hejuru, kikabuza amazi, arinda ibikoresho byingaruka zibidukikije byo hanze. Biroroshye kwita kubirangira, kuko byoroshye gusukura umukungugu numwanda. Ahantu wambere, aho ibuye ryamabuye rizahura nubushyuhe bukabije nubushyuhe bukabije, kandi no guhura namazi, gutunganya hydrophobizer ni itegeko. Bikoreshwa mubice bibiri bitose. Ubuso bwibuye bubona ibintu byingirakamaro nyuma yiminsi 2-3. "Imirimo" ifite imyaka igera kuri 5-7, nyuma yaho inzira isubirwamo.
Denis Panov, umuyobozi mukuru w'imisozi yera
Hariho ubundi buryo. Shira inkuta zo hanze zigishushanyo mbonera cyinzu zisa na sisitemu yumurongo uhumeka: Guhuza icyuma kurukuta, kugereza icyuma, hanyuma injyana, ikajugunya plaster kandi, amaherezo, ihanagura ibuye. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibice bito by'inkuta bikunze gutemwa, kandi ibuye riragabanuka kuri CSP, kubera ko aya masahani ahindura neza sima.
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Ibuye ryo gushushanya teganya inkuta zo hanze nimbere, amashyiga na chimneys, ubushyuhe bwubutaka burenze 70 s (a, b).
Umwubatsi A. Buzztsky
Ifoto N. Serebryakova
Ibuye rinanutse kandi ryoroshye rikoreshwa mugushira kurangiza imbere. Kwishyiriraho ibintu ntabwo bitera ingorane zidasanzwe, kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi bwumubare burarangiye butagira imipaka (C).
Umwubatsi A. Grishin
Ifoto R. Shelomenseva
Imbere iki?
Imbere mu kibanza, kurangiza akenshi ugomba guhangana n'inkike n'ibice bya plaqueryboard. Nta kibazo kidasanzwe gifite ibuye ryabo ryiza ryo gushushanya. Tuzitondera gusa nuance imwe, ikeneye kwitabwaho mugihe yubaka urukuta rwagenewe kurangiza hamwe nibikoresho biremereye (birenga 52kg / m). Ikibanza gisanzwe cy'ubuyobozi bw'icyuma cyo gufunga GLK-60SM. Munsi yubunini bunini bashyirwaho kenshi kurenza 30cm. Gusiba nonyine birakosowe, ariko ibice bibiri byumukunzi wubushuhe. Ibindi bikorwa ukurikije gahunda isanzwe: barasa grid yoroheje hamwe nubufasha bwimikorere myiza yubwubatsi hamwe nudutsima, kwoza hamwe na kole na nyuma yumunsi utangira gutandukana.Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Guhindura - Icyiciro cya nyuma cyo kwishyiriraho ibuye ryo gushushanya. Irakemura umurimo wubaka wo kunyura hejuru. Ntibishoboka gusiga akadodo, binyuze muri bo ubushuhe bizatera imbere umurongo, kandi ufite inzinguzingo yigihe cyo gukonjesha no gutunganya, gusenya inyorry. Byongeye kandi, icyiciro cya chams gitanga isura nziza. Ntugomba kuzuza amadozi ukurikije igisubizo cya Masonry isigaye - birakomeye, ntibicika intege binyuze mu mbunda, kandi biturutse ku kashe, bihinduka bidakora. Kubwiyi ntego, imiduka idasanzwe yakozwe nabakoranye hafi ya bose ibuye. Byoroshye cyane mugukwirakwiza ibihimbano, bikoreshwa ukoresheje pistolet yubwubatsi cyangwa ibigo bya Homemade "bikozwe muri paki, tuba bit.p. Ihemu hagati yibintu byihariye byuzuyemo misa itose, itegereje iminota 30-40, nubwo yumye, hanyuma ihindukirira spatula.
Alexander Terentyev, Tekinoroji Yumushinga wa Kamerock
Muri rusange
Mu nzu, ibintu byo guhangana n'amabuye y'icyanga birashobora gufatwa neza: microclimate ihoraho, kubura ingaruka zo hanze. Iyo ibintu byingirakamaro, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bufatwa murwego rwa 10-25c. Ntabwo yifuzwa kuzenguruka ibuye mu mvura n'imvura igororotse, kubera ko ubushuhe burenze cyangwa gukama vuba mu gisubizo bigabanya imbaraga z'abacamanza. Igihe cyiza cyo kurangiza (cyane cyane mugusuka) ni mugitondo nimugoroba.
Ku bushyuhe bwo mu kirere kugeza kuri -10 c koresha kole idasanzwe "imbeho". Nibyo, hari imiterere imwe: mugihe igisubizo cya Masonry kidatera imbaraga 70%, ubushyuhe bwikirere ntibukwiye kugwa munsi ya gake ya kopi, bitabaye ibyo, Imbaraga ziranga imbaraga zizagabanuka. Hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwo hasi, agace katandukanijwe gakikije ubushyuhe, yibutsa film Preulhouses, abukishe umwuka muri Imbere kandi Ibuye rimaze. Ku iherezo ryakazi, ubu bushyuhe bukomeza indi minsi 3.
EDITORIAL Urakoze Imisozi Yera, Kamrock, ibuye rya Chelsea
Kugirango ufashe mugutegura ibikoresho.