Ikiruhuko

Ongera kubaka ubwiherero: gusenya inzu yisuku, kubaka inkuta nshya, hasi n'ibisenge, ibikoresho byibisenge, igikoresho cyitahe, kwishyiriraho amazi. Amahitamo arenze Sanuzla

Ubwiherero mu nzu yacu isanzwe ntabwo bigaragara. Gerageza uretse kwiyuhagira no kurohama kugirango ushireho imashini imesa, igitebo cyigitambara hamwe ninama y'abaminisitiri ku gitambaro no kuri wewe ntikizasigara. Uzahora utekereza uburyo wabona 1-2m2 Ahantu ho kwiyongera ...

Laube Hariho inzira zitandukanye zo gukora ubwiherero gito. Urashobora kugerageza gukora n'amaraso make: Wange gucika, usimbuze hamwe no kwiyuhagira (niba, birumvikana ko abagize umuryango bose bazemera ibi), komeza imashini imesa mu kindi cyumba, kugura ibikoresho byoroha. Ariko hariho ibisubizo byinshi byingenzi, nkubumwe bwubwiherero no kwagura imipaka yacyo (nubwo, icyambere cyemewe kumiryango mike gusa cyangwa niba hari akarere ka kabiri "itose" mu nzu).

Ako kanya ukore reservation ko inzozi zubwiherero bwiza zigomba kunyurwa muburyo bwa hafi. Ibi biterwa nuko mu turere twinshi two mu Burusiya, amategeko yaho ibuza gushyingiranwa, binyuranyije n'ibisabwa n'ibipimo ngenderwaho. Amategeko ater (snip 31-01-2003 "inyubako yo gutura muri byinshi") inkoni: "Ntabwo byemewe gushyira icyumba n'ubwiherero (cyangwa ubwiherero (cyangwa kwiyuhagira) mubyumba byo guturamo no mu gikoni." Rero, birashoboka kwagura ubwiherero gusa amafaranga ya koridoro nibyumba byingirakamaro. Hariho andi mabuye y'amazi yubutunzi bwemewe n'amategeko, ibyo twabwiye birambuye muri "IVD", 2011, Oya 1. KSCHASTY, ABASHYICIRO N'ABabue. Rimwe na rimwe, bashoboye kuzamura byimazeyo ergonomics yicyumba, yimura inkuta za cm 10-20 gusa hanyuma uhindure aho amazi. Byerekeranye no gushiraho urutwe rukunze guhuzwa no gusenya "bisanzwe" Santehhkabin, kandi bizaganirwaho muri iyi ngingo.

Imwe mu mahitamo yo gucungura ubwiherero: ubwiherero bwahujwe n'umusarani, imyandikire yasimbuwe no kwiyuhagira kandi ishyiraho agasanduku k'imashini imesa

Umwubatsi S. Idirishya

Igishushanyo cya mudasobwa S. Vetrochova, O. Naklokhina

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Kurandura ubwiherero: Hamwe no kwiyongera mukarere kayo (a); Hamwe no kwiyongera muri kariya gace no guhindura iboneza ryicyumba (B)

Umwubatsi E. Kirillova

Gushushanya mudasobwa T. Bekhteraleva

Mbere yo kuboneka, hanyuma ...

Uruganda rwa Santekhkabina rwatangiye kwinjiza munzu yurutonde rwa mbere rwa kabiri. Iki cyemezo cyateguwe mbere ya bose kugirango kigabanye igihe ntarengwa cyo kubaka amazu. N'ubundi kandi, Santechkabine, mubyukuri, nicyumba cyarangiye (cyangwa ahubwo, "ubwiherero" bwo guhagarikwa) - hamwe nimiryango imaze gutanga amazi, umwanda na Vensilation yamaze gushyirwaho no kumanura. Umunara Crane ugabanya gusa "agasanduku" nkamagorofa yinyubako yubatswe.

Gukemura Guverinoma ya Moscou yo ku ya 8 Gashyantare 2005 No 73-PP

Ati: "Ku buryo bwo kuvugurura no (cyangwa) gucuha ku nyungu z'igituwe kandi bidatuwe mu nyubako zo guturamo mu mujyi wa Moscou":

Ati: "Ntabwo byemewe gutunganya ibibanza, aho ... akazi ku gikoresho cy'igorofa hamwe no gushyushya amazi rusange no gushyushya uburyo bwo gushyushya".

Ibipimo byubaka Umujyi wa Moscou (MGN) 3.01-01 "Inyubako zo guturamo":

"Ntabwo byemewe ... ubwinjiriro bw'icyumba, afite umusarani, buturutse mu gikoni n'ibyumba byo guturamo. Inyandiko iremewe: kuva mubyumba kugeza mu bwiherero; Kuva mu cyumba cyo kuraramo kugeza mu bwiherero hamwe n'igikoresho mu nzu y'icyumba cya kabiri gifite umusarani, hamwe n'umuryango uva muri koridor cyangwa mu cyumba. "

Snup 2.04.01-85 *. "Gutanga amazi imbere na sisitemu y'imyanda":

"Kurambika imiyoboro y'icyuma bihujwe ku nsanganyamatsiko, usibye karubone yo guhuza urukuta rw'urukuta ... ntibyemewe. Kwishyiriraho, kwishyiriraho gushimangira bigomba kuba birimo imiryango."

Snip 41-01-2003 "Gushyushya, guhumeka no guhumeka neza":

"Gupima imiyoboro idafite casing kugirango yubake imiterere yemerewe ... Hamwe na serivisi ya serivisi ibarwa ya Pily na nyinshi zigomba gutangwa zihishe: hasi, Plints, inyuma ya ecran , mu bantu batazi, ibirombe n'ibikoresho ... "

Mbere yo gutangira 90. Xx muri. Inkuta za Santekhkababune zakozwe mu mpande ebyiri zakusanyijwe na plament ya asibesitosi ifite ubugari bwa 10mm ku isahani y'ibiti, kandi igisenge kiva mu masahani imwe ya asibesitos-sibemetostos-sibemetostos-sibemetostos-sibemetostos-sisetos-simetos-simetos-sima. Hasi ya kabine, kugira imiterere ya pallet hamwe na 50mm memémlight, yari ikozwe muri beto iremereye kandi niho, muruganda, berekereza amabati. Urukuta, igisenge no hasi yakusanyirijwe mu gishushanyo kimwe ukoresheje amasahani y'icyuma, gukubita imigozi n'imbunda, bitwikiriye neza. Nyuma ibyapa byogukodesha bya Asibesitos byasimbuwe na monolithic byashimangiye plaster ubunini bwa plaque 50mm. Mu gihe cyo kubaka inzu, akazu kaba hafi y'urukuta rw'imari rw'inyubako, kandi hamwe n'ubugari bugera kuri 30-50m (uru rutonde rwuzuyemo amacakubiri, hanyuma rugahanagura).

Ntabwo byaba ari bibi gutekereza ko Santechkabine akeneye abubatsi gusa. Nukuri gukorera abapangayi. Birazwi neza ko muri Khrushchev, imirongo mike byanze bikunze irangirana nitariki nabaturanyi baba hepfo. Hagati aho, mu nyubako z'iki gihe kigezweho, indobo y'amazi hasi ntabwo ihinduka impanuka kamere. Bitewe no kuba hari igorofa-pallet, urashobora kuceceka kwemerera umwana gutondekanya intambara yo mu nyanja mu "gace k'amazi". Aeli yamenagura ijisho rito kuri mixer cyangwa ikigega cyumusarani, uzagira igihe kugirango ugarure indangagaciro kuri Riser. Kubwibyo, nyuma yo gusenya Santechkabina, birakenewe gutegura igorofa rishya.

Nubwo waba utagiye kongera ubwiherero, ariko urashaka guhuza ubwiherero nubwiherero, gusenya akazu kagomba kuba byuzuye. Ikigaragara ni uko mugihe usenya ibice (cyangwa umwe murukuta), igishushanyo kizatakaza gikomera kandi kubwibyo bizavuka, biziyongera mugihe.

Komeza amaguru ashyushye

Heludoux yo gushyushya amashanyarazi sisitemu igufasha gukuraho ubukonje bwa tactile ya tile - nibyiza kuntambwe yambaye ubusa hejuru yishyurwa gato. Ingendo zinyongera mu nzu, nk'ubutegetsi, ntabwo rikenewe, bityo, yoroheje (2-3m) hamwe n'imbaraga-ntoya (5-8w / mate) uhanganye cyane. Kubera ko ishyaka ryoroheje mu rubanza urwo arirwo rwose risukwamo ibice bibiri, urashobora gushira mato kumwanya munini wa beto, hanyuma uko ikoti (10-15mm) igice cyo kwishura igisubizo. Biroroshye gushyira sisitemu hamwe nigice cya kole zishushanyijeho. Umuhanda munsi yubusambakazi hamwe ninsinga biganisha ku bushyuhe bugomba gutondekwa gusa mubice bidashoboka.

Gusenya Santechkabina ni inzira iboneye. Irashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa gusa mugihe cyambere cyo gusana - mbere yuko imirimo yo kurangiza itangira. Akazu karasenyutse buhoro buhoro, gukuraho kimwe ibice bimwe bito. Nibyiza kubikora hamwe nubufasha bwa disiki idasanzwe yabonaga, ariko, mubikorwa, perforator, umutsima hamwe na Bulungariya (gukata uruzitiro) kenshi cyane mumasomo. Urebye, ibikorwa nkibi ntibisaba ba shebuja babishoboye, kubwibyo, ibishuko bizanwa kumukozi udasanzwe, serivisi zizatwara bidatinze. Ariko, iyi ni inzira ishobora guteza akaga. Mubyukuri, mugihe byangiritse kumuyoboro wamazi agenga amazi nimyanda, ikiguzi cyo gukuraho impanuka birashobora kurenga inshuro nyinshi namafaranga yazigamye. Guhindukirira isosiyete yihariye cyangwa nini yo kubaka, uzishirizwe ibibazo nkibi. Gusenya Santekhkabina birahendutse - amafaranga 8-15. Wongeyeho amafaranga ibihumbi 3-4. Kuraho imyanda yubwubatsi (iyi ngingo ntabwo irinda mugihe icyo aricyo cyose).

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Ubwiherero bushya bwubwiherero bugomba kuba bwubatswe muri tile yoroheje tile-ingimbi yuzuye plaster (a) cyangwa gaze (b)

Ifoto M. Polyakova

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Laufen.

SENITARRIS RITEMARI (A) Ntibishoboka kwimura, ariko ntabwo bigoye guhindura imitekerereze kubikoresho (B)

Podium ndende munsi yicyumba igufasha guhisha byoroshye kwinjiza no kuvoma.

Ifoto ya D. Minkin (A), (B).

Mu nzira yo kurema

Geberiamail yo gukuraho akazu ikeneye kubaka inkuta nshya zubwiherero, noneho imiterere ya hasi nigisenge (kuri iki cyiciro batandukanya Itumanaho) hanyuma amaherezo batandukanya icyumba kandi bashyira icyumba.

Kubaka inkuta ntabwo byerekana ko bigoye cyane. Gukora ibi, nibyiza gukoresha Hydrophobizes Puzzle Plaster - PGP (Urugero ", GNAUF-Gysiam", Uburusiya). Ubuvuzi burumvikana bwo kongeramo ankitive kuri trockner keller (lugato, Ubudage) cyangwa bisa. Buri murongo w'isahani ugomba "guhambirwa" ku rukuta rw'abarwanyi ufite ubufasha bw'inguni cyangwa amapine y'inguzanyo. Iremewe kandi gushyira amatafari ya slit cyangwa gaze-iseswa. Ariko, mugihe cyanyuma, bisaba cyane cyane Masonry (ibirungo byegeranye kumurongo uhambire hamwe nisahani ya galel). Byongeye kandi, guhagarika ifuro birashobora gukuramo ubushuhe, nka sponge. Kubwibyo, mbere yo guhangayikirira inkuta hamwe na tile, bagomba kurinda plaster yica amazi - kugirango bategure igisubizo, ntabwo ari bibi gukoresha imvange "(" Etrike "), Magnum (" glims " , bombi - Uburusiya), "Magma" (Stoltz, Ubudage) - haba mu budage) bashushanya amazi menshi bashushanya amazi make, nka Burusiya), Osmondicht (OSMOFL ex (Urwego, Ubutaliyani). Urashobora hydrophobic imvange ya plaster akongeraho, vuga, wongeyeho. Ubusanzwe umuryango usanzwe utange ibipimo byo mu 1980 700 cyangwa 2080 800 / 900m, ukurikije ko canvas ya canvas izagira ibipimo 1900 600 cyangwa 2000.700 / 800m. Igice kiri hagati yubwiherero nubwiherero (niba ibyo byateganijwe) byabajijwe nyuma yo kurema pallet nshya, yagenewe kurinda igishushanyo mbonera, ndetse no kurangiza amazu yawe nabaturanyi uhereye hepfo.

Mu ruzi rushya

Caputket igisubizo cyiza kuri drenzula-dren (gifite urwego rwamazi)-tray-tray, kwemeza uburinzi bwizewe. Kugirango uyitegure, ugomba gucamo amafaranga yinyongera mumyanda ku mushinga wacyo kandi wongere ubunini bwa MM 60-70 mm kugirango ikemure umuyoboro wa drain. Mubuhanga, haba ku itegeko, birashoboka (cyane cyane mumazu mashya hamwe nuburyo burambye hamwe na sisitemu ya sewage kuva umuyoboro wa polymer) kandi ntibisaba amafaranga menshi. Biracyaza gusa ko bitewe no kubura ibigo byo gusana no kubaka, uburambe bufatika bwo kubaka sisitemu nkiyi kandi bitewe no guturika kwumva, biracyari gake cyane.

Amazi meza ya pallet yubatswe mubyiciro byinshi. Kubera ko murugo bidashoboka gutegura jito ya hydraulic (ikintu nyamukuru cyayo ni ubucucike bwisumbuye butangwa muruganda rufashisha vibropressing), birakenewe gushiraho igishushanyo kinini.

Indangagaciro

Indangagaciro

"Teknoniukol"

Kubw'amazi, Polymer na bitumen primers na Mastika bikoreshwa mu bwiherero.

Igice kinini cyibitahiro cyakozwe ukoresheje ibikoresho byazungurutse.

Mapei.

Mapei.

Imiterere idasanzwe hamwe na polymer ya polymer izafasha kurinda inkuta zubushuhe

Mbere ya byose, ibice bibiri byo kuzungurukana amazi hamwe nuburyo bwo kuringaniza bwa perpenderdicular bwabacakara bashyizwe ku basilaya. Ibikoresho byo murugo kuva bitumen byahinduwe kuri fibrost fibrous (choberglass) cyangwa ibirango bidafite ishingiro (fiberglass ). Imirongo ya buri gice iherereye hamwe hejuru ya 100mm, ishonge hamwe hamwe nubufasha bwa burner ya gaze cyangwa mastike. Kwigunga byashyizwe ku rukuta kugirango impande zayo zishizwe hejuru yurwego rwanyuma ya nyuma ya 50mm.

Nyuma yibyo, ibice byimikorere byashyizwe mumuryango kandi bajugunye hamwe nubunini bwa 30-50m. Muganga agomba kongeramo igishishwa, gushyirwaho inyongera n'amazi ya cresit cc 92 ("Henkel-baewechnik"), "tiner c" (sapi) "(" ubuhungiro - ubuhanzi). Gukubita uruhinja bikoresha ibuye ryajanjaguwe cyangwa clamzite (agace karenze 10mm), no gushimangira ibyuma bikangurura inkoni byibuze 3mm nubunini bwa selile zigera kuri 100mm. Impande za Mesh zinama kugirango 25-30mm kuva ku nkombe z'imizingo zarekuwe zifite uburebure bwa 40-45mm. Ibikurikira, jya mu rugora. Bukeye, mugihe uri kuri beto, ushira imbahoya, urashobora kugenda, shiraho imiterere kurukuta rwa mm 40 hanyuma uhambire uruhande rwa 35-65mm (hitabwa ko 10- 15Mm "azarya induru yo hanze). Uburebure bumwe bugomba kugira umukandara wo kugabana hagati yubwiherero nubwiherero, bwemerewe kutarwa. Binyuze kuri 2, iyo ibishushanyo amaherezo "birahagarara", bitwikiriye gushushanya amazi, bituma hejuru yubuso hamwe namakarigi.

Ihitamo ni ryiza iyo urwego rwo hasi mubwiherero rumaze kuba 25-30 mm munsi kurenza ahantu hasigaye (noneho urashobora gukora udafite umuvugizi utajegajega). Ariko, ibi birashoboka gusa niba inzu yose itunganijwe mu nzu yose (byibuze 60mm) ubushyuhe cyangwa hasi. Mubindi bihe byose, inkomoko igomba gukemurwa kugirango uburebure bwayo byibuze 30mm, - "imiterere-ntoya" irahahamuka.

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Ubwoko bwigisenge kirwanya ubuhehere: kuva mu mwenda wa polyester hamwe nicapiro (a); kuva muri fibberglass panel kumurongo wicyuma (B); Kuva kuri firime ya Glossy PVC (B);

"Umurongo" (a), (c);

Ecophon (b).

Kuramba kw'inganda zihishe ahanini biterwa n'ubwiza bw'akazi ka tile. Ubushuhe byoroshye byinjira mugari cyane kandi bidafite ishingiro ryuzuye;

Duscholux (G).

Igisenge mu bwiherero nyuma yo guhagarikwa kwa Santechkabina, nkamategeko, amanurwa: Ibi bigufasha gukora ubunini bwicyumba kinini, guhisha umurongo ugashyira status. Biracyahari guhitamo hagati yamakimbirane (uhereye kuri firime ya PVC) na sisitemu yahagaritswe.

UKO NTIYO KUGENDE MU BIKORWA

Ifoto R. Shelomenseva

Akenshi, hasi mu bwiherero bwubatswe kugirango ubushuhe bwegereje ahantu hakomeye. Vuba, shongus iragaragara, kubera imiterere yo kubaka, nubuzima bwawe. Kurinda ibi, urakeneye:

Kurikirana kugirango ibizwe bifite bike (hafi 0.5%) kubogama ugereranije nigice cyubwiherero, bizagumaho amazi n'amazi n'ibikoresho;

Shyira hejuru ya etage (harimo na santechnobors);

Kwanga kwiyuhagira kudakingirwa. Mu rubanza rugezweho, ugomba gutanga imiyoboro-indorerezi ku rwego rwo hasi. Ntabwo yifuzwa kugirango ashyire ibikoresho hamwe no munsi yo munsi.

Igisenge cya firime ntitinya rwose ubushuhe, gishobora kuba matte cyangwa glossy, gira amabara atandukanye. Ariko, ubuzima bwa serivisi bwa serivisi ntiburenga imyaka 10 - igihe, ibikoresho bihindura igicucu kandi bizigama. Mububiko bumwe burambuye agace gato, ibikorwa byintambara, rimwe na rimwe bigera kuri 50% byibiciro bisanzwe (bimaze kuba hejuru), kandi nta buryo bwo kwishyiriraho. Igisenge cyahagaritswe cyubatswe ku nkombe y'ibyuma by'isi bihakana no kuyobora. Amabati ya aluminium, amabati ya plastike, fibberglass cyangwa inkombe za polystyrene, amabati ya plaquenyrene, amabati yubuhemu ashobora gukora nkibikoresho byinshi (uwanyuma bitwikiriye ibyumba bitose). Nk'uburyo, igisenge cyahagaritswe kirahekeje kuruta impagarara, ariko kwishyiriraho bifata igihe kinini.

Umuyoboro

Gusubiramo ubwiherero mubisanzwe bisobanura kwimura amazi, ijisho ugomba kwihisha. Imiyoboro y'amazi ishingiye kuri amahame irashobora kwihishwa muri screed, ariko umwanda ntuzahuza aho. N'ubundi kandi, diameter yabo ni 50-100mm, byongeye kandi, birakenewe kuzirikana ko hakenewe ahantu hakenewe (1-2%). Amazi ya main yihishe muburyo butandukanye. Uburyo rusange bwo gutumanaho kwamagana ni agasanduku byubatswe nuburyo bwo kubaka. Ariko, intandaro nini kandi yagutse "kurukuta ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka gutsinda imbere. Kschastina, muri Arsenal y'abashushanya hari ubundi buhanga. Imiyoboro minini ya diamet yoroshye guhisha imbere muri podium, akabati no ku nkota, inyuma yo kwiyuhagira, munsi yimigani na serrot. Ibikoresho byiza kubishushanyo byose bisa - sima yakoresheje ubunini bwa 12.5mm, bishimangirwa na nyakwigendera ku kirahure, urugero (amasahani ya polystyrene yijimye 20-60mm (vuga , byombi - Uburusiya). Kubwa mbere, harasabwa ibyuma bisabwa, isegonda iyo ihuza hamwe inzego zisakose ziremewe kugirango uhambire hamwe ukoresheje imigozi hamwe na kole idasanzwe. Ibikoresho byombi byateguwe kumasako hamwe na tile, Mosaict It.p.

Ntibisanzwe

Allfloor atiretse, nabakunzi bakomeye b'ibi bikoresho ntibarohamye mu bwiherero hamwe n'igiti. Hagati aho, uyu munsi icyemezo nk'iki ntabwo gihenze kuva kera. Nukuri, gusa ibiti byimbaho ​​nibyiza mubibanza bitose. Kugerageza guha uyu mutungo kubindi byerekeranye no kudashyira inyuma no kurera byateganijwe gutsindwa. Koresha ibicuruzwa bivuye mu zindi mabuye zo mu turere dushyuha (Reka tuvuge, Merrabau), kimwe no gutandukanya ibintu byoroshye kandi bikaba bishobora gutandukanya ibintu bifatika (kandi ibyambere kugeza ibyambere nibyinshi kurenza iya kabiri). Ariko, hariho akabati, kandi ntabwo ari wenyine. Kurugero, igiti gituwe nubushyuhe, kigura inshuro 2-3 (nubwo, itakaza amatiku mubwiza bwishusho). Hano haragurishwa amabati no munsi yigiti - bizatwara inshuro 1.5 bihendutse kuburibatsi. Kuzigama cyane bizemerera laminate idasanzwe ya "itose", ifite kashe ya reberi hagati y'iminyururu, ihujwe na panel zashizeho PVC ku rukuta.

Mugihe ushyiraho umusarani cyangwa kwiyuhagira, ni ngombwa kutahungabanya amazi. Ubu buryo bwo kureba ni byiza kubifata kuri kole kugeza ku ipfundo ryo kurangiza cyangwa kwishyiriraho kuri Stiletto yasenyutse mbere. Ukoresheje imigozi, umwobo hasi wuzuyemo mastike ya polymer cyangwa inyanja ya silicore mbere yo gutsinda ibitambaro muri bo.

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Mugihe cyo kongera kubaka amazi, byifuzwa gukoresha amazu adashobora reberi, nicyuma (a), ibyuma-polypromer (b) nibyuma bya polipropylene, ariko, amasano ya polipropylene, ariko, amasano-yibasiye ntashobora gutatana muri beto. Sisitemu ya sewage ikoresha imiyoboro hamwe nibintu bifatika kuva polypropylene, polyethylene na pvc (b);

Uburyo bugezweho bwimiterere yubwiherero bukubiyemo kwishyiriraho kwihitiramo amazi akoresheje sisitemu yitwa sisitemu yo kwishyiriraho. Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ni ikigega cyashyizwe mu butayu, cyihishe mu rukuta, kugabana cyangwa Santechshkaf.

Ifoto V. Kovaleva (a), (c);

Geberi (B), (G).

Nta bwiherero bushobora gukora nta guhumeka. Mu mazu menshi, ubwiherero bufitanye isano na ventkala rusange hamwe n'agasanduku gafunguye, byanze bikunze birimo gusenya hamwe no kuvoma. Kugarura iyi gahunda nini kandi idasubirwaho ntabwo yumvikana. Byinshi cyane, kugabanya igisenge saa 120-150mm, gabanya guhumeka muriyo, hanyuma uhobe hamwe na Risor ukoresheje ibyuma byoroshye cyangwa agasanduku ka plastiki.

Abanditsi bashimira ishuri mpuzamahanga ryo gushushanya, Geberi na Viega kugirango bafashe mugutegura ibikoresho.