Incamake yisoko yo kwishinyagurira hamwe nubwoya bwijwi: Ubunyamazir bwa gaze, bwuzuye amazi hamwe nigunga karemano, uburyo bwubushyuhe n'amajwi meza mu nzu n'inyubako yo guturamo
Nigute ushobora kwemeza ubushyuhe bworoshye hejuru yinyubako buri hejuru yubukonje, ubwinjiriro, inkuta? Nigute ushobora kugabanya urusaku rwinshi, wunvikana nabaturanyi kuva hepfo, cyangwa ngo wirinde amajwi ava mububiko cyangwa cafe muri etage ya mbere? Ibi bibazo byose bizafasha gukemura amagorofa
Gusubiramo hamwe na GOST 30494-96 "inyubako zo guturamo na rubanda. Ibipimo bya microclimate mucyumba cy'ubutaka mugihe cyagenwe cyo guturamo ni 20-22 s (kubyemerera - amasegonda 18-24). Mugihe gishyushye, izi ndangagaciro zimwe: Nziza - 22-25 s, byemewe - 20-28 C.
Muri icyo gihe, hakurikijwe snip 23-02-2003 "Kurinda umutwe Inyubako", itandukaniro ryubushyuhe bwo mu kirere no hasi ntigikwiye kurenza 2 C. Nyuma ya byose cyangwa kuri gahunda muri gahunda Icyumba gifite igorofa ikonje, yumva amerewe nabi, bikomera cyane, imikorere iragabanuka, guhangayikishwa ninyongera yuburyo bwo kwibuka buvuka, kandi kubwibyo, ubuzima burababara.
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Amasahani ya strus strucle ifata polystyrene Foam "penopelex" (a); Amasahani akomeye avuza amasahani ashingiye kuri fibreglass "isover ireremba hasi" ("Umuvugizi wa Saint-Goben Rus") (B)
Ihuriro ryinyubako mu nyubako y'amagorofa menshi (a) ashyirwa ibikoresho. Muri icyo gihe, urusaku rwindege ruragabanuka, ruva mu nzu yo hasi, kandi rukanguri, icyerekezo hasi (b)
Ingaruka mbi kubantu, mbere ya byose kuri sisitemu yo guhagarika umutima, bafite amajwi menshi. Kubwibyo, inyubako zose zo kubaka zigomba kugira imico myiza yo kwishura ihuye nibisabwa snip 23-03-2003 "kurinda urusaku". Muri icyo gihe, kurengana (I.e., imiterere itambitse) yagenewe gutanga insulation kuva mu kirere no guhungabana. Agaciro gashinzwe kugenzura urutonde rwibihingwa byo mu kirere byashyizwe ahagaragara amagorofa yisumbuye mu nyubako z'ikirere kinini ni 50-51DB (bitewe n'icyiciro cy'inyubako). Ironderero ryurwego rwagabanijwe rwurusaku rwubukungu munsi ya LNW ntabwo irenga 55-60DB.
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(a) - "Cork Centre"
(b) - KNAUF Insulation
Panels (Plug yumukara agglomerate) izora (Amorim isolamentos) (a); Amabuye y'agaciro yo mu bwoya KNAF Insulation, yakozwe na tekinoroji nshya ya ECOse ishingiye ku bice rusange, idafite Fhenol, Acrylic na formaldehyde (b)
Mugihe cyo gusanwa, ni ngombwa kudatesha agaciro ibipimo byinzego zihari. Ariko, benshi baba munzu aho amahame akenewe atayitwaye mu ntangiriro. Kubwibyo, kubatitaye kubuzima bwabo n'imibereho myiza yabakunzi, gusana - impamvu ikomeye yo gukurura ibitekerezo kubushyuhe no kubyutsa amajwi yurugo kandi bikayizana ku ngabo zabo . Kandi ibi bigomba gukorwa mubyiciro byambere byigihe cyo kurangiza.
Gukunda Ubutunzi: Urugendo rugufi
Ibikoresho bitandukanye nibikoresho byikigereranyo byerekanwe mu isoko ryimbere bigabanyijemo amatsinda atatu manini.Millralovate. Iyi ni mbere na mbere ubwoya bw'ipamba bukozwe mu gushonga kw'ibirungo by'ibirunga (banalts, porphyrites, ibihingwa, ibihingwa) cyangwa amabuye ya metallurgique. Ifite imiterere ifunguye kandi igizwe na tryo (diameter 3-12 μm) 2-20mm fibre ndende, impengamiti ihuza, kimwe numukungugu na hydrophobic. Ibikoresho birwanya ihindagurika ryubushyuhe, ingaruka za mitique na biologiya, ziramba, ziramba, ziramba, hygroscopique. Ubwoya bwamabuye ntibutwika ndetse bukabuza ikwirakwizwa ry'umuriro, rifite aganganagunze, harimo n'ubushyuhe.
Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Kenshikanya cyane na ba nyiri amazu, kimwe nabateza imbere bagomba kumva ikibazo: "Nkeneye gushira igice cy'amabuye y'agaciro muri gahunda y'amashanyarazi?" Igisubizo kuri kirimo ntibisobanutse. N'ubundi kandi, iyi sisitemu ningereranyo kuri radiya isanzwe iriho. Bisobanura ko igikoresho nigikoresho gishyushye, usibye kwiyongera guhumuriza, bizatera amafaranga yinyongera agomba kwishyura. Urashobora kugabanya ibikoreshwa mububasha muburyo butandukanye. Kurugero, shiraho ubushyuhe bwubwenge hamwe nububasha bwikora kuri / off modes, cyangwa gushyiramo ubushyuhe bwo kwikuramo ubushyuhe bwamababi yubuzima bwamaseya hamwe nindabyo zifatika za aluminiyumu. Ikigaragara ni uko umuhigi ugaragaza igice ubushyuhe buva mu kintu cyo gushyushya kibiyobora gushyushya umuseke, gatanga ubushyuhe bwo hasi. Muri iki gihe, ibishushanyo birashyushye cyane, byihuse kandi bifite imbaraga nke.
Nikolay Eremin,
Umuyobozi wa "Acoustics"
Amasosiyete "Saint-Goben Eau
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(ariko) - Igorofa ireremba igorofa:
1 - amashyiga ya hagati yuzuye; 2 - urwego rwibikoresho bikabije;
3 - Serame-umucanga yashushanyije cyangwa urwego rw'isahani ikomeye y'ibiti;
4, 5 - gasketi yuzuye;
6 - Kurangiza igipfukisho;
7 - Plint;
8 - Umusumari cyangwa screw
3d ibishushanyo n. samarna
(b) - Gahunda yimiterere yo kwinjiza na lags:
1 - igorofa;
2 - Igikona kivanze (kuri witike no gutura byuzuye bivuye mubushyuhe bwicyumba gishyushye imbere yikinyamakuru);
3 - Igiti Beam gikosoye;
4 - Ibikoresho bikubiyemo;
5 - lag;
6 - Kurangiza
KNauf Insulation
Indi bahagarariye iri tsinda ni fiberglass. Yakozwe mubikoresho bibisi (quarz sand, soda soda, sodium sulfate it.d.) nintambara yikirahure. Ibiti bitarenze kandi birwanya ingaruka zitandukanye zamabankipure fibre yikirahure hamwe namafaranga make ya synthique asunika na hydrophobic. Diameter ya fibre ni mikorobe 3-5, kandi ni inshuro nyinshi kurenza iyo yohereje ubwoya, bityo rero fiberglass cyane. Ibikoresho biva mu gutandukanya inyubako mubisanzwe ntabwo ari nyinshi "ibuye", hanyuma utange umutwaro muto ku nzego zishyigikira, mugihe ukomeza ubushobozi bwubushyuhe. Kubyutsa binini, guhinduka no kwikuramo bituma bitabaye iyo bikoreshejwe hejuru no mubice bya geometrically.
Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Abayoboke b'ibidukikije biva mu mazu birakwiye ko bitondera imbaho za cork (umukara agglomerate) y'ibyinshi (kuva 10 kugeza 100 mm), bigizwe na granules ikanda ya cortex cork igiti cork oak. Ibikoresho ntibirimo inyongeramusi zabanjirije imiti, ubudahangarwa rwose ubushuhe, ntabwo bushyigikiye gutwikwa. Niba urumuri ruva mu nkomoko yo hanze ari mu gihe kirekire hamwe na panel, batangira kuguruka buhoro, batagaragaje ibintu byuburozi. Cork agglomerate ifite imishinga mike yubushyuhe - 0.037W / (MK) - kandi iteganya kwinjiza amabuye yumutima. Ikibanza kinini cya 30mm gusa gifite ubushyuhe kimwe nuburebure bwamatafari ya 400mm cyangwa urukuta rwa oak akabazi hamwe nubwinshi bwa 150mm. Kubwibyo, cork agglomerate irashobora gukoreshwa kubijyanye no kwinjiza hanze no imbere byimiryango, hagati yuzuye, inkuta, inkuta, ahantu h'ubutaka. AV Guhuza nibindi bikoresho byo kurangiza - mumiterere ya Multilayer (harimo hasi) kubijyanye no kwinjiza urusaku na reverb.
Andrei Aleksandrov, Umuyobozi mukuru
Amasosiyete "Cork Centre"
Bledmers yuzuye gaze. Ibitabo birimo ibikoresho byakozwe no kubarafu no kwiyongera kwa plastike bishingiye kuri styrene, Polyethane, Polyester, resikitique Idr. Ifuro rya polhethane izwi cyane Polyurethane (yuzuye gaze hamwe nimiterere ya selile zifunzwe), ibibyimba bya polystyrene, bigizwe na strollene ikanda, kandi bikaba bimaze gufukara. Imiterere ya nyuma ninyigisho nyinshi zifunze zitavugana. Batanga imishinga yo hasi yubushyuhe, kwinjiza amazi hamwe numwuka uhuza kuruta izo tsinda.
Kwigunga bisanzwe. Ibi nibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri selile hiyongereyeho filers atandukanye (ibisabe, peat, peat, guta imisaruro ya ceramic) na bunders. Guhagarika Panel Yakozwe muri Cork Cork (Umukara agglomerate), kimwe na cork cork, ikwiye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe. Guhitamo ibikoresho bya beto kugirango twigunge hasi biterwa cyane nubwoko bwo gushushanya. Byongeye kandi, imitungo yo gukingira ni ngombwa kandi igiciro.
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Igikoresho "Kureremba" hamwe na Rigid Slabes Glasswool P-60 (Ursa) munsi y '"itose" yasobanuwe:
Na - Tegura umusingi hasi. Igomba gukama kandi yoroshye (serivisi yo gutwikira ubuzima iriyongera). Gutandukana bivuye mu ndege ku burebure bwa 2m ntigomba kurenga 10mmm;
b - gukumira isura ya "acoustic irari" bigabanya urusaku rutanga urusaku, ni ngombwa gutandukanya igice "kireremba" kuva ku rukuta cyangwa ibice, kubwibi, bishyirwaho muburyo bwigihe gito kuva kuburiri cyangwa ibice ya plywood hamwe na cm 1;
B - ibikoresho byo kwigana bikoresha ibyapa bya fiberglass. Shira amasahani bitangira uhereye ku nguni yicyumba kugirango ugabanye imyanda;
G - insinga z'amashanyarazi n'indi itumanaho ryihishe mu rwego rw '"ireremba", aho kubayobora ku rukuta no ku mpande z'icyumba, aho zizaba zibibona, cyane cyane ibintu bidahwitse hamwe na non- umuriro;
D - amasahani yibikoresho arashyirwa, kanda cyane kurwego no kuri mugenzi wawe;
e - gutwikira amasahani hamwe na plastiki. Canvas ya firime ihujwe no guhuzagurika hamwe ningero hamwe na scotch. Impande zirasetsa kurukuta kandi nanone gukomera kubikorwa. Mu igorofa yose, ishyigikira urumuri rufite uburebure bwa 10-15mm, hejuru yacyo cyashyizwe hagati kugirango ishyire hagati ya sima-umucanga;
g - Kuyobora gride (urugero, imyirondoro yicyuma) hanyuma ukoreshe umwanya wabo ukoresheje urwego;
H - Igishushanyo cyose gisutswe hamwe na sima-umusenyi igisubizo cyuzuye cya mm 30-40, noneho irahujwe neza kandi igahindurwa. Iyo imitekerereze yumye, film iracibwa, kandi imikorere ikurwaho. Icyuho cyavuyemo cyuzuyemo ibisigazwa bifatika. Ihuriro ryibintu bitandukanye mumuryango ushushanyijeho chloride idasanzwe cyangwa icyuma cyicyuma, nabo bishyura amacakubiri mato
BIG "Koga"
Kugeza ubu, bashimangiye amasahani nyayo ubusanzwe bahabwa amagorofa ahujwe mumanyururu ndende. Inzira yoroshye yo gushyushya no kwinjiza amajwi yiki gishushanyo ni igikoresho "kireremba". Mugihe kimwe witondere ibintu bimwe na bimwe.Ubwa mbere, shima gutandukana kuva indege ya Fondasiyo. . Imipaka cyangwa uburebure bugaragara bwakozwe muri kare. Urufatiro nk'urwo rugomba guhuzwa. Ihitamo ryingengo yimari nugusukaho umucanga, bihenze - gushiraho sima-umucanga, bihenze - koresha imvange yo kwisiga.
Gukorana nibikoresho by'ubwoya bwamabuye bigomba kuba mumyambaro n'amaboko maremare, umutwe, gants, kimwe no muri garuze ya byinshi cyangwa ubuhumekero. Hamwe no guhumeka neza, umukungugu uhinduka muto cyane
Noneho, kuri base yumye yateguwe (mubyumba bitose, birinzwe nigice cyataramo) gishingiye kubikoresho byo kwigarurira. Usibye gukora ibintu bito byubushyuhe hamwe nibipimo byiza byo guhuza ibitekerezo, bigomba kugira urwego ruto rwo guhindura mugihe cyo kwikuramo, kandi cyane cyane - gukomeza iyi mitungo yose igihe kirekire. N'ubundi kandi, igishushanyo mbonera, harimo no kwigunga, mu bikorwa byose bigaragarira kugira ngo imitwaro yongereye. Gukubita Ibikoresho byo kwikinisha birashobora gukoreshwa, urugero, "isola ireremba" Amasahani ("Ubufaransa - Uburusiya - Uburusiya - Ibipimo - Igipimo 1m- 11rub.), Flor Bati (Rockwool, Danimark - Uburusiya; 1000 600 25m, igiciro 1m- 135Mub.), Ikirahuri cya 8m- 130Rub.) Igiciro cya 35 "(Penopelex, Uburusiya; 1200 600 30mm, igiciro 1m- 130 rubles), Amorra cork Panels (Amorim isolamentos, Porutugali; 1000 500, igiciro 1m-60Rub.).
Igitekerezo cy'umwuga
Agaciro k'urusaku rw'ibihingwa byo mu kirere mu mazu menshi y'ikirere yujuje ibisabwa na snip 23-03-2003, niba ubunini bwabo aribura mm 220. Ariko niba badafite ibiranga ibikenewe, gukomanga inkweto n'impeta y'imiryango ifunze (guhungabana no guswera no gutondeka cyane ku baturanyi no gukwirakwira mu yandi rugo ibishushanyo. Kubwibyo, icyifuzo cyo gusuzugura hasi ni gisanzwe kuri buri muntu ubyumva ushaka ko avuga ko ari nto. Nyamara, igishushanyo mbonera cya "kireremba", kunoza ihumure rya acoustike, bigabanya uburebure bwicyumba kuri santimetero nyinshi. Kubashaka kugabanya igihombo, birakwiye gukoresha amasahani yumvikana hamwe nubwinshi bwa 20 cyangwa 25mm. Bari mubantu benshi bakora ibikoresho byinshi bifatika. Kurugero, niba ukoresha 600.200 2500 25Mh00 Rabs Slabs nkikibuga cyumvikana muburyo bwo gucika intege munsi ya 35DB (ukurikije ibisubizo byibizamini mugushiraho fiziki yo kubaka).
Tatsyana Andreeva, Umuyobozi wa Tekinike ya Rockwool Uburusiya
Gushyirwaho neza, nta cyuho na plaque, guswera "sima-umucana hamwe nibura byibuze 4cm, menya neza ko ushimangira hamwe na gride y'icyuma cyangwa ikirahure. N'ubundi kandi, ni screddy yo kumenya umutwaro hasi. Ibikoresho byiza biterwa na polyethylene cyangwa geotextile hamwe nambaye imyenda byibuze 20cm. Niba ibi bidakozwe, imbaga nyamwike itembaga mu bwigunge kandi izahagarika muri yo, izatera kubura igice cyibiranga ibiranga.
Uruhare rwibintu bitwara ibintu bikomeye hejuru yinyigisho za elastike birashobora kandi gukorwa kandi "byumye" byasobanuwe ibikoresho byimpapuro: plywood, gypsum cyangwa impapuro za fibre, zishingiye kuri fibre, zishushanyijeho plaque. Bashyizwe mubice bibiri, bihambire kole. Igisubizo ni ubuso bukomeye bwakozwe hejuru yibikoresho byo kwigana, bizabera ishingiro hasi byimpitirwa.
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Guhangana kwa beto yuzuye mu nzu "flor banks" plaque (rockwool):
A - Mbere yo kwishinyagurika hasi, inenge yisahani ya becrefed hamwe nuburebure butandukanye burenze 1CM ikuweho. Noneho tegura umubare ukenewe wibikoresho. Bikwiye kunganya n'akarere kose k'icyumba hamwe na 10% kuri trans. Niba icyumba gifite imiterere ya geometrike igoye, ibikoresho byuburebire byakuwe muri 15-20%. Peimeter yicyumba gishyiraho igisibo cyumvikana, gikata mu masahani "flor 'hamwe n'ubunini bwa 25mm, uburebure buringaniye mu buryo bungana bwa" Kureremba "(Ubushyuhe + bwaho);
B - kwishyiriraho amapadiri n'amasahani biganisha bibangikanya: imirongo ya mbere, imirongo ifunganye yashyizwe ku rukuta, hanyuma bakandagira ibyapa;
Muri - amashyiga akoreshwa neza byanze bikunze afite ibyokurya bya kashe;
G - Kugabanya igihe cyo gusana no kuva mu nzira "itose", aho kuba umucana watanzwe kubera kwigunga, byafashwe byemejwe ku buryo bwo kwigunga, byafashwe umwambaro wo kwigunga, byateguwe ko bisobanutsemo ibice bibiri bya PlywoodProook (birashobora no gukoreshwa llwall cyangwa amabati ya chip-fibre, yegamiye chipboard). Yashyizwe kugirango ingaragu hagati yimpapuro zitonda neza kugirango zuzuza hejuru hejuru. Ibice bya plywood bihambire no kwishushanya;
D - Hejuru ya Base Rigid, IHURIRO RY'IMPERUKA (LINOLUM) ishyirwa na Plintrative nziza.
Ni ngombwa cyane ko ibice byose biryamye ku bijyanye n'isuku ntabwo byari bifite ubucuti bukomeye hamwe no gutwara ibipfukisho cyangwa bitarushijeho kuba mu rukuta cyangwa ibice, kandi uko byagenda kose bitera ibisabwa kugira ngo bigabanye urusaku rwubaka inyubako yubaka. Kubwibyo, hafi ya perimetero yicyumba asiga ubugari bwo gukuraho ikirere gito 10-15mm. Yuzuyemo imbavu za elastike cyangwa inzererezi (mubisanzwe bivuye mubintu bimwe bikoreshwa nkamakuru), hanyuma bifunze kuri PLITLANGA)
Eh wowe, abatata, batinze ...
Kurenganya kuri shime no gutinda kw'ibiti, nk'itegeko, tubisanga mu nyubako zo mu mijyi y'inyubako ishaje n'abikorera. Ubushyuhe bwabo n'amajwi yabo ntibisaba ibisubizo bigoye tekinoroji nubukungu, kuko ibikoresho byakoreshejwe bitahuye n'imisozi mike - bafata igorofa gusa.
Ibiti byimbaho byambere bivurwa hamwe na antiseptic no kutagira umuriro. Noneho ibikoresho byo kwigana birakomeye kandi bita icyuho cyashyizwe mumwanya uri hagati ya lags. Ntabwo amasahani mbi gusa akwiriye gusa, ariko nanone kwigana. Kurugero, ibikoresho "Thermo Roll" 044 Ikoranabuhanga rya ECOS (KNAUF, Ubudage - Uburusiya - Ibipimo - "Isoni; 110 610 4mm, gupakira Igiciro - 740Rub.), "Ikimenyetso cyoroheje" (Urutare; 1000 600 4mm, igiciro cyo gupakira -).
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Amakosa asanzwe mugihe ahiriwe insulation na lags:
A - Ibikoresho byo kwikuramo ni bigufi cyane, igice rero kigaragara hagati yacyo no gushushanya igishushanyo;
b - ibice byo kwishinyaguro ntabwo bitwarwa hamwe no gushimwa no gucika intege;
B - ibikoresho byo kwigana byashyizwe nabi kandi byoroshye hafi yikadiri;
G - Ubugari bwibikoresho byo kwigana byatoranijwe nabi, kandi kubwibyo, umwanya hagati ya lags isa nuzuye
3d ibishushanyo n. samarna
Niba munsi yicarotse munsi yubutaka cyangwa ikindi cyumba gikonje, ibikoresho byubushishozi bwamashurwa arinzwe muburyo bwo hasi ukoresheje ikwirakwizwa rya diffusion. Ntatanga ubuhemu kugira ngo yinjire mu kwipimisha, ariko arekura abashakanye. Gutongana birashobora kubaho niba ubushyuhe bwo munsi yubutaka buzaba burenze hejuru yibanze (iki kibazo gishoboka mumazu adahiga).
Hagati y'igorofa no kwishishoza, birakenewe kandi gucana filime y'imyuka kugira ngo ubushuhe buturutse mu cyumba butakubise injiji. Ni ngombwa ko ingingo zayo n'ahantu hashingiwe ku rukuta byacometse.
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Gushyushya hejuru ya lags plaque yikubita hasi (rockwool):
A - Isahani yo kugenzura ubushyuhe ishyirwaho nimirongo iri hagati ya lags. Amashyiga afite impeshyi imwe, itanga igisubizo cyihuse kandi cyizewe cyibikoresho biri mubikorwa;
b - mugihe cyo gushyiramo ubushyuhe mubice byinshi bya kashe hagati yisahani yo hejuru, hamwe no kwimura ibya cumi bya nyuma;
Muri - niba hari icyumba munsi yumuco, ubushyuhe buri munsi yicyumba cyizewe, amasahani yuzuyemo firime yumwuka. Ishyirwa hafi yubukwe no guhuza uruziga rwubwubatsi. Niba uburebure bwa qugne bungana n'ubwinshi bw'amasuka, gari ya moshi yuzuyeho rero kugira ngo ikirere cyarezwe hejuru. Iyo mubyumba hejuru yuzuye hejuru no munsi yayo nta gitonyanga kinini cyubushyuhe, uruhushya rudasabwa;
M - shyira mu ndambi.
Rero, niba shobuja ukurikiza neza amabwiriza kuri paki, gira igikoresho gikenewe nubuhanga bwakazi, ibisubizo byujuje ubuziranenge birangwa.
Abanditsi barakoze rockwool Uburusiya, Cork Centre, Penopelex, ibicuruzwa byubwubatsi bya Saint-Goben rus kugirango bafashe mugutegura ibikoresho.