Gukangura inzu yamagorofa abiri hamwe nubuso bwa 102 M2 ukoresheje Ikoranabuhanga rya Mitek: Ibyiza nibibi bya sisitemu ya Frame, ibyiciro byinteko, kugereranya
Twahisemo kubaka inzu y'igihugu, ariko ntituzi ikoranabuhanga? Niba utiteguye gutanga uburyo bwo kubaka gakondo numwaka wanyuma wibikorwa byo kubaka inkuta no guhumurizwa, noneho iyi ngingo ni iyanyu.
Kimwe mu bikoresho byiza cyane byo kubaka amazu yo mu gihugu byari kandi bikomeza ku giti. Impamvu zirumvikana: Kugira uburemere buke, ubuhanga bwiza bwubushyuhe nubuhanga bwikoranabuhanga, ibiti bituma kandi bifasha gukemura imirimo myinshi yubwubatsi. Ariko ntabwo aribyo gusa. Ibi bintu bisanzwe biramenyereye umuntu kuva kera bityo rero ntibikurura ibidukikije mumyaka mirongo ishize) cyangwa ibiranga ibitekerezo bya vuba) cyangwa bimaze kuvuga ibijyanye na nta kinyejana), ariko ntibitinya ibi ijambo kurwego rwa genetike. N'ubundi kandi, ntabwo ari imyambarire y'ibisambanyi asobanura inyubako nini mu gihugu cyacu mu midugudu y'igihugu, aho nta nzu imwe y'amabuye. Nibyo, iyaba gusa muburusiya! Vuba aha, Umwanditsi w'iyi mirongo yashoboye kubona muri kimwe mu bice bitangaje byo mu misozi ya Espagne, umudugudu urimo kubakwa, ugizwe n'amazu yimbaho.
Mu rwego rwo kwiyongera gusaba amazu yimbaho birakura hamwe nikoranabuhanga risutswe - uyumunsi ntabwo bakiri icumi. Birumvikana ko buri kimwe, gifite ibyiza nibibi. Twabibutsa ko ba nyirubwite baherutse guhitamo ikoranabuhanga ridufasha kubaka imyambarire yizewe, ifite imbaraga nziza ubu ni inzu yubushyuhe mugihe gito gishoboka gishoboka. Kwandika igiciro cyubwubatsi nkaba hasi bishoboka.
Nigute wabigeraho? Birakenewe guhitamo tekinoroji yinyubako yinyubako. Kandi kuburyo ibice byose bikenewe jya ahazubakwa mububiko ntarengwa. Ibyerekeye imwe mu mahitamo yatanzwe by Belhouse (Biyelorusiya), tuzatubwira kurugero rwo kubaka inzu hamwe na 102m2.
Kwiruka
Nukuri, benshi bibukwa neza (ndetse bamwe baracyakoresha) amazu ya karuhare yigarurira, murwego runini rwakozwe mu bihe byasogaga. Ubwiza bwinyubako bwasigaye cyane kugirango twifuzwe (Ntibitangaje kubona abanyagihugu bagenzi bacu batemewe bajugunye hamwe nubwiza bwa rubanda), bityo bakaba ari urwikekwe rwa rubanda rwabaye inzitizi runaka ku ikoranabuhanga ryo mu rugo. Ariko, birashoboka kurwanya imyumvire. Nyuma ya byose, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukoresha ikadiri itwara bike rihuriyeho nigishushanyo cyinyubako z'igihugu 60-80-HGG. Hchw.Inzu yinzu, iravugwa, tubike, ariko yibutsa inyubako - cyane cyane ikoranabuhanga ryo kubaka, kuko rikusanyijwe no mu kanwa kateguwe mu ruganda. Kandi nko kwitegura, nka mbere, kugabanya cyane umwanya wo guteranya inzu ahazubakwa no kugabanya ikiguzi cyacyo. Ariko kuriyi sano, wenda, irangira. Hano ukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gutegura no gukora imbaho ubwazo, kimwe ninteko yabo.
Yerekeje umushinga w'inguni
Kugira ngo usoze amasezerano hanyuma utangire akazi kubakiriya, ukeneye bike: Umushinga uhagaze, harimo ishusho yimiterere hamwe nuburebure, gahunda zikenewe. Uyu mushinga hamwe numukono wurugo ruzaza uzaba umugereka uteganijwe mumasezerano. Urashobora kubibona muburyo butatu:
- Fata imwe mumishinga isanzwe kurubuga rwa sosiyete (kubuntu);
- Gutumiza umushinga w'isosiyete (amafaranga 20-30);
- Kugura mu rindi sosiyete.
Hashingiwe ku mushinga wa Sketch, igishushanyo n'ibishushanyo bizategurwa, haba gukora ibisobanuro birambuye ku nzu izaza no mu iteraniro ryayo. Iyishyure igishushanyo msngeye kuba igiciro cyiki gikorwa hakiri kare mugiciro cyashyizwemo ibice, kuko bidashoboka gusa gutangira umusaruro utabifite. Ifata inzira, nkitegeko, iminsi 4-5.
Mugihe c'igishushanyo, ndetse n'ibiranga aho yubatswe-mu karere karashobora kwitabwaho. Gushiraho imbaho zitanga umusaruro, nkitegeko, ukoresheje crane ya crane. Niba ibisabwa byubutaka aribyo ntahantu ho gushyira amakamyo, birakenewe kuburira abashushanya mbere, hanyuma akanama zose karimo kose katagira ubugari burenze 4M bwo kurera no kubishyiraho intoki.
TVracy irashobora kuyobora gusimbuza ibikoresho byimbere cyangwa hanze. Kurugero, mubihe byibanze (amafaranga agera kuri 13. Kuri 1m2) hariho umurongo wo hanze wurugo ugana. Niba ijwi ritwikiriwe nibindi bikoresho (guhagarika mobile, plaster ya plaster.d.), igiciro gishobora guhinduka.
Ni iki kirimo?
Icyiciro cyo gukora ibice byose bikenewe bifite umwanya muto kuruta gushushanya - iminsi 2-4 (bitewe nubunini bwinzu nubunini bwimirima yimirima).Urukuta. Bafite imiterere y'ingingo. Ubwa mbere, uhereye ku mbaho zumye, igice cyambukiranya 15050mm kora urwego rurimo gufungura Windows, ni imiryango. Imodoka ifite 560mm yiyongera, ihuye nubugari bwisahani. Ikibaho gifunzwe hamwe nisuka hamwe nimbaraga zifatika (amanota nkiyi imisumari yihariye igikoresho cyikora). Hanze, ikadiri yarangije akanama kayobowe nisahani yubushuhe-irwanya ubunini bwa 10mm (OSB-3, KronoPOL, Polonye). Ubukurikira, amasahani y'ibigo yashyizwe hagati y'ibikoresho; Kuva mu cyumba cyo guhangana n'icyumba, bibarwa mbere na OSB-3 plab, bisa n'inyuma, hanyuma bigapaza.
Abapane bagenewe inkuta zo kubyara imbere ziri mu nzira imwe (kwigana muri uru rubanza zikora nk'ibikoresho byiza), gusa birimburwa kuva ku mpande zombi na OSB, hanyuma ukumisha.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo guteza imbere imbaho zo mu byiciro kimwe bisa, ariko biratangaje cyane, urwego rukozwe mu gice cyambukiranya 10050mm.
Kugirango wirinde ingingo zivunitse ya panels, kashe ya Labyrint yakozwe kuruhande rwabo irangiye: igifuniko cyimbere nigifuniko cya paneli imwe yinjira mubindi, bitwikira ingingo.
Imirima yo guhuzagurika. Uwabikoze ahamagara aya mazuru ufite imirima ibangikanye. Yatumye bamesa ku kibaho cyumye hamwe nigice cya 10050mm cyahujwe nisahani yicyuma (mzp) ukoresheje tekinoroji ya mitek. Imirima irashobora kugira igishushanyo nuburebure (byibuze 350mm), bisobanurwa mugihe cyagenwe; Ibipimo biterwa numutwaro uhari (kubibara bikoresha gahunda idasanzwe). Ibiti bya kantu ugereranije (bikomeye) bifite ibyiza bibiri: icya mbere, bafite iteka ryose ku buremere buto; Icya kabiri, byorohera gushiraho itumanaho ryubuzima bukenewe muri filime. Nyuma yo gushiraho ibiti biri hejuru yabyo, igorofa ikomeye mumasahani ya Osb-3 umubyimba wa 22m Ibi bitanga inyongera.
Imirima ya stropil. Igishushanyo cyabo niboneza byasobanuwe nuwashizeho ibishishwa biterwa numutwaro uhari. Urubanza rworoshye, umurima ni ikintu na msp ukoresheje amasahani magufi hamwe ningingo ya 15050mm. Nimwe, nk'ibiti byo gukosorwa, karayinti: ikozwe mu giti cyumye yahujwe n'isahani y'ibikoresho. Muri iki gihe, igice cyambukiranya imbaho cyakoreshejwe bitewe numutwaro wabazwe kandi rimwe na rimwe bibaho: 15050, 12550, 10050mm. Nibyiza ko ikoranabuhanga ryasobanuwe ryemerera kubyara imirima yimvura n'ibiti, ushobora gukwirakwira kugeza kuri 30m nta kigo cyiyongera (hagati) inkunga.
Imyitozo yo kubaka
Vuga kubyerekeye urubuga rwubwubatsi ruzatangirana n'agaciro kayo. Montage y'igice cy'imitwe yageze ku mwanya wubwubatsi izatwara hafi 25% yigiciro cyabo, kandi ukuyemo kwishyura imodoka ya Crane. Uratekereza ko bihenze? Ntakibazo - isosiyete itanga serivisi yumutekano izakora injeniyeri ubishoboye. Igiciro kigera kuri 5% yigiciro cyibikoresho. Ushaka gukora byose hamwe nawe - shaka ibyangombwa bikenewe mumaboko yawe kandi ... gutinyuka!
Kuruhande rwimpande zo hejuru zikora inkuta zamagorofa ya mbere, bashyize imbaho hamwe nigice cya 16050mm, bifatanye kumwanya wimbeho hamwe no kwikubita hasi (a). Ishime ibisohoka mu tubatsi polymer polymer mu mbaho zihinga, umwobo (b) wacukuwe mbere. Hejuru yumuryango windiruru washyizeho ibiti bikomeye byimbaho (b).
| 
| 
|
Fondasiyo. Yashushanyijeho ibirundo bya Boroonobyl. Kurema, ibyobo byacukuwe hamwe na diameter ya 35cm kugeza ubujyakuzimu munsi yubutaka bukonje (mubisanzwe 1.8m). Imyuka igenewe yinjijwe "imiyoboro" kuva ikibaya cyazungurutswe kugirango wirinde gukuramo ubuhehere buva kuri beto nyuma yo kuzuza hasi. Noneho ikadiri ishimangira yashyizwe mu mwobo (inkoni enye zifite diameter ya mm 10) kandi yasutswe na m250.
Ubukurikira, bakoraga umutuku ushingiye ku rutuba rumaze gukururwa n'ubugari bwa 60cm, aho umusego w'amaguru waremye ufite uburebure bwa cm 40 (ibice by'umucanga na kaburimbo kimwe). Nyuma yibyo, mu mwobo, amata yometse yarashizwe, kandi inkuta zayo imbere zari zuzuyemo ikirahure. Ikibanza cyashyizwe kumurongo ushimangira kandi usuka hamwe na beto ya beto. Umutuku wagaragaye kugirango utekereze mubutaka kuri 20cm, uburebure bwigice cyikirenga hejuru ni 40cm.
Amaherezo, Rourehark yashyize ahagarara hasi yakozwe mu gice cya 16050mm. Ikibaho ku mfuruka cyakuweho n'icyuma gisakuza.
Kuringaniza. Tugomba kwemera ko kubwimpamvu nyinshi zitubangamira, abakozi ba firime bageze aho bubaka mugihe munsi yo munsi yamaze gushyirwaho. Kubwibyo, twashoboye gukurikirana gusa ibyiciro byo kwishyiriraho igorofa ryamagorofa yashizeho (byakorewe hakurikijwe ikoranabuhanga rimwe). Kuherekeza iyo mafoto, mubitekerezo byacu, birambuye byerekana iyi nzira, bityo tuzatanga ibitekerezo ku kibazo kimwe gusa kidagaragara mu mafoto.
Iyo amabwiriza arenga, amabwiriza ya Mitek akwemerera kujya muburyo bubiri: Gushyira ubuhemu bukimba cyangwa ibikoresho bya synthique (plaster) hagati yimiryango iva hepfo. Uburambe bufatika bwerekanye ko niba inzu yubatswe mugihe cyimvura (impeshyi, isoko), birakwiye gukoresha gride - Birumvikana ko byoroshye biha ubuhehereze (birumvikana ko hari umubare ukenewe wa Gufungura guhumeka mu mbagi. Ibikoresho byo kwinjiza Avelago nibyiza kurya mugihe kwishyiriraho biganisha mubihe byumye (imbeho, icyi). Nibyiza kandi uhereye kubitekerezo byo kurengera ibisumizi biturutse ku butaka munsi yinzu. Kubera ko kwishyiriraho inzu byabaye mu gihe cy'itumba (nyirubwite yashakaga kwinjira mu nzu nshya mu ci), byari iyi verisiyo y'ikoranabuhanga yakoreshejwe.
Kuko kunyura mu mirima mu mirima, imizigo yacukuwe (a), hanyuma ikongeza imirima kugeza ku ntambwe ya 600mm. Guhuza ibice byo hepfo yimirima, muri buri kibanza kirenganye, byari bifitanye isano hamwe hamwe na hamwe bikabije byambukiranya 5030mm (b). Imirima ifatanye n'ikibaho gihitana mu kibuga cya 600mm (b).
| 
| 
|
Inkuta. Inzira yo kwishyiriraho nayo nayo irambuye mumafoto. Kubwibyo, tuzahora turi kumunsi umwe. Mu gukora ibitugu bya polymer polymer muri paneli byashyizwe ahagaragara kandi bishyiraho udusanduku tworong kumasoko no guhinduranya. Ibisonga byinjije insinga nziza, kandi iyo usohotse imirimo, amashanyarazi azagumaho gusa imiyoboro yinsinga. Ariko ko ibyo byose byasohoye, nyirubwite agomba kumenya gahunda yinzu yinzu ya socket no guhinduranya, kandi uwashushanyije ni ugutegura umushinga wo gutanga imbaraga ukurikije aya makuru.
Igisenge. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora igishushanyo mbonera nacyo cyagaragajwe rwose namafoto, ariko igisenge "pie" cyagumye inyuma yinyuma. Byaremye gutya. Kuva hasi kugeza ku biti bya rafal, Utafol 110 yo kugenzura imyuka yarimo (Juma, Repubulika ya Ceki), hanyuma muri Repubulika 37) yashyizwe mu mwanya hagati yabo (Paroc, Finlande) hamwe n'ubugari bwa Utavek 115 hamwe na firime yubushakashatsi (juta). Hejuru, yarahatiwe kuringaniza, kuri perpendicular kuri icyombo cy'abakinnyi byacanye. Nyuma yibyo, baremye igorofa ikomeye muri OSB-plaque kandi kugeza igihe isoko yuzuyemo firime ya polyethylene. Ubushyuhe hamwe no gusamba hejuru yinzu "onduline" (ofic sa, mu Bufaransa) yashizwemo.
Amashami ya etage yakozwe nuburyo bwitwa ukure: mbere hagati yimirima hamwe na Izoson Am "(A), noneho, ubugari bwuzuye - 150mm) Parox (b) umuzingo, wari utwikiriwe na firime yo kwigana hejuru (muri).
| 
| 
|
Icyarimwe hamwe no kwishyiriraho igisenge, guhumeka ku gahato umwanya wimbere. Bitewe no gukemurwa "fungi" hamwe n'umufana washyizwe ku gisenge, aho imiyoboro ishingiye ku kigongo iyobora mubyumba byose. Barihishwa munsi yinkuta zurukuta (kugeza igihe imitako yimbere ikorwa, urashobora gukuraho igifuniko cyinama, hanyuma ugisubize ahantu), mumurima ufunze no hagati yimyenda.
INGINGO Z'AKA N'AGATANGAZA "
Ibyiza byinzu yinzu biragaragara. Ibi nibishoboka kubaka mugihe icyo aricyo cyose cyumwaka, hamwe nigipimo kinini cyibikorwa ubwabyo. Noneho, kubaka ubuso bwa 150m2 bizazamurwa ibyumweru 8. Muri icyo gihe, ibyumweru 2-3 byubaka agasanduku kayo, igihe gisigaye kirarangira. Urashobora gushiraho inzu ako kanya nyuma yo kurangiza. Inzego zifatizo ziroroshye, hafi kutumva ko zituruka mu bihe bibaye kubera ifu, n'amahanga. Hamwe numurima muto ugereranije nurukuta bifite imitungo myiza yo kurokora ubushyuhe.
Ingaruka rusange ya sisitemu ya skeleton ni imwe: inzobere muriki gice cyinyubako yinzu ntabwo ari myinshi, kandi kugirango inzu ari yohejuru, ugomba kumenya ubwinshi bwa nogence kandi ufite uburambe. Amazu, yubatswe no kurenga ku ikoranabuhanga, ajugunya igicucu gikomeye cyo kutizerana ku miterere ya ruganda muri rusange.
Noneho kubyerekeye ibyiza byikoranabuhanga runaka. Iratya ikurura cyane cyane igishushanyo mbonera kirimo guhuzagurika hamwe nubushobozi bwiza bwo kwitwaza, kimwe nuko itumanaho ryubwubatsi rishobora gukurwaho muri bo. Avota uburyo bwo kwinjiza hasi, mubitekerezo byacu, inenge ntizimburwa. Birumvikana ko iri koranabuhanga ryoroshye kandi ritanga umuvuduko mwinshi wakazi. Ariko hagati y'imirima, kwinjiza umubyimba 150mm, kandi na bo ntibagenzurwa na gato kandi birashobora guhinduka "ibiraro bikonje."
Imitako y'imbere iriroroshye cyane. Ikibaho cyuzuyemo inkuta zari gitwikiriye kandi gishushanyijeho cyera, ku buryo bagereranya n'ikimwaro na plastiki bigana ibuye rya trim. Intambwe no Kuzamuka kw'ingazi ni igorofa imwe ikwiragirana (laminate).
|
|
|
Mubisanzwe, Abahanga mu by'inzobere muri Mitek na Belhouse bazi ibi ku ngufu no kuyikuraho, guteza imbere tekinoroji y'ubwubatsi. Amashanyarazi, kuva mu 2008. Yahinduye impinduka zikurikira: Impapuro za OSB-3 zirashyizwe hasi, kandi inzu imaze kubakwa, muri "plaque" yo kurenganurwa ibikoresho bidasanzwe "byerekana" insulation ishingiye kuri fibre ya selile - "ekovatu "(" Tereza ", Uburusiya). Yuzuza umwanya ntabwo hagati yimirima gusa, ahubwo inone hagati yigituba cyaka. Kubwigitekerezo cyacu, ikoranabuhanga ryabigenewe ni umwimerere (nubwo atari Nova: "Inzira" yo mu rwego "yatejwe imbere neza kubisabwa muburyo bwo kugarura inyubako zishaje kandi Ubwongereza bwubwubatsi), kandi birakwiye kuvuga ukwayo kandi birambuye. Bizabona, tuzasubira ku nsanganyamatsiko y'ubwubatsi inshuro zirenze imwe. Nyizera, arabikwiye rwose.
1. Kuraho amaterasi .......................... 4,4M2
2.Nambour ............................................ 1.3m2
3. Ijisho ritandukanye ...................................... 4,9M2
4. Umushyitsi ........................................ 18,6m2
5. Gosh ........................................ 10,9M2.
6.Sanzel ......................................... 3,1M2
7.Icyumba ............. 1.8m2
8.Kunny-Icyumba cyo kuriramo ............................ 12,2m2
9.Tras ........................................ 6,2m2
1. Ibiriho ................ 4,2m2
2. Abana ....................................... 10,6m2
3. Izuba ....................................... 14,6m2
4. Sangel ....................................... 1.8M2
5.Bibindi ......................................... 7m2
6.Umucyo
Kubara kwagutse kwikiguzi * Kubaka inzu hamwe nubuso bwa 102m2, bisa natanzwe
| Izina ry'imirimo | Umubare wa | igiciro, rub. | Igiciro, rub. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Igikoresho cy'ifatizo | 18m3. | 4000. | 72.000 |
| Guteranya inkuta n'ibice | 115M2. | 770. | 88 550. |
| Kubaka byuzuye hamwe no gushira ibiti | 100m2. | 315. | 31 500. |
| Gushyushya no kwinjiza amatwi no guhumurizwa | 220M2. | 120. | 26 400. |
| Guteranya igisenge hamwe nibikoresho bya CRATE | 120M2. | 220. | 26 400. |
| Igikoresho cyo hejuru | 120M2. | 200. | 24,000 |
| Kwishyiriraho sisitemu ya Drain | set | - | 15,000 |
| Kuzuza gufungura ukoresheje idirishya | set | - | 17 000 |
| Eaves ifite, svezov | set | - | 18 000 |
| Kurangiza inkuta | 180M2. | 650. | 117.000 |
| Guhangana na Clapboard | 500m2 | 470. | 235.000 |
| Byose | 670 850. | ||
| Ibikoresho bikoreshwa ku gice | |||
| Beto 250. | 18m3. | 4100. | 73 800. |
| Icyuma, Perugamine, insinga, imisumari | set | - | 35 400. |
| Ibuye ryajanjaguwe, umucanga | 6M3 | - | 7500. |
| Kwiyongera | set | - | 859 500. |
| Ibyuma, gufunga | set | - | 27 500. |
| "Onduline" | 120M2. | 160. | 19 200. |
| Saw Igiti | 8m3 | 6500. | 52.000 |
| Steam, umuyaga na firime | 220M2. | - | 6000. |
| Sisitemu yo Kuvoma (Tube, Chute, ivi, clamps) | set | - | 22 950. |
| Sofit muri Kit | 40M2 | 410. | 16 400. |
| Idirishya ryibice bibiri | 14,2m2 | - | 63 940. |
| Kugoreka munsi yibuye | 180M2. | 810. | 145 800. |
| Umurongo | 160M2. | 450. | 72.000 |
| Urupapuro rwa playboard, umwirondoro | 340M2. | 630. | 214 200. |
| Byose | 1 616 190. | ||
| * - Kubara bikorwa utazirikana hejuru, ubwikorezi hamwe nandi mafaranga, kimwe ninyungu za sosiyete |
Abanditsi urashimira belhouse kugirango bafashe mugutegura ibikoresho.