Ibyiciro byo gukora umushinga wo gushushanya

Tuvuga ibyingenzi byingenzi byimishinga igamije: Duhereye ku kiganiro cyambere hamwe nubwubatsi mbere yo guhuza no gutegura inyandiko zumushinga.

Shutterstock / Fotododom.ru.

Urashaka ko uzenguruka imbere, ariko ntushobora gutegura uko bikwiye? Ikintu ukunda mu nyubako yinshuti, ikintu gikurura ibinyamakuru, ikintu kigoye gufata umwanzuro. Biroroshye cyane kuvuga ko ntashaka byimazeyo? Kugira ngo wumve ibyo ukunda no gufata igisubizo cyiza gusa umwuga uzafasha.

Noneho, wafashe intambwe ikomeye kandi witeguye gutumiza umushinga wo gushushanya amazu yabo. Ariko ni bibi kwiyumvisha icyo ugomba gukora no gutangira. Muri iki kiganiro tuzagufasha kumva ibintu byingenzi byimishinga no kurugero, byerekana ibyiciro byakazi uhereye kubiganiro byambere hamwe nubwubatsi mbere yo guhuza no gutegura inyandiko zumushinga.

Gutahura ibikenewe byabakiriya

Imirimo itangirana no gusesengura inyubako yinyubako nigenamigambi risanzwe. Niba ushaka gukora uburyo bwo gucumura, reba umwubatsi. Urashobora gukurura abashushanya gukora imirimo yo gushushanya gusa, kuko idafite ubumenyi kubyerekeye inyubako. Mbere yo gutangira akazi kuri uyu mushinga, nyir'inyubako yakira igitekerezo cy'inzobere ku miterere n'itumanaho (kwipimisha tekinike) uhereye ku mwanditsi w'umushinga mu rugo cyangwa mu ishyirahamwe ry'umushinga rifite uruhushya rukwiye. Birashoboka ko biterwa n'umuyaga wo kubaka impinduka zikomeye (inkuta zisenyuka, gufungura, itumanaho) rigomba gutereranwa.

Kumenya ibyifuzo byabakiriya, ubwubatsi butegura guhitamo amafoto hamwe nibikoresho byimbere, ibikoresho, ibinure, amatara, amatara, ndetse nibyapa kandi bisaba gufata birashoboka cyane. Ibi bitanga urufunguzo rwo gushakisha uburyo, amabara yukuri imbere hamwe na palette yibikoresho byo kurangiza.

Urebye ibigarukira byose nibisubizo byo gupima, umwubatsi wahisemo utangiye akazi kumushinga. Nyuma y'ibyumweru bike, azategura icyifuzo cyo gutegura.

Nyuma yo gusesengura amakuru yakiriwe nawe, bizahitamo Ikigereranyo cya Stylics, kizafata igitekerezo rusange hanyuma ushakishe ibisubizo. Ibikurikira bizakorwa umushinga ushushanya. Nyuma yibyo, birashoboka gutangira guhuzamo mu nzego zibishinzwe. Ku cyiciro cya nyuma gitegura inyandiko za tekiniki.

Ibisubizo byumushinga urangiye ni igitekerezo gisobanutse cyo gutegura, gukoperation yimbere, umushinga wateganijwe hamwe nibigereranyo byerekana (ugereranije nibiciro byo kubaka ibikoresho, ibikoresho byibikoresho birashobora gutandukana).

Umuce w'ingenzi ugira ingaruka kuri gahunda ni ibyiyumvo bifatika by'abakiriya n'ibitekerezo by'ubwubatsi bwo kuvugana nabo. Inyungu zumwuga, hamwe nibishimisha, kandi ibyifuzo byamabara nabyo bitangirwa.

2 Gutegura itangazo

Muburyo bwo gushyikirana abakiriya nubwubatsi, guhanahana amakuru namakuru byahinduwe. Icyiciro cya mbere cyakazi kumushinga wakozwe urangiye no gutegura igitekerezo cyo gushushanya (amahitamo menshi yo gutegura). Batezwa imbere mumitunganyirize yumwanya: zoning, amahuza hagati y'ibibanza, umuzingo wabo na gahunda.

Inshingano z'ubwubatsi ni ukubwira abakiriya ibijyanye n'ibyiza n'ibiyobyabwenge bya buri cyemezo. Kandi umurimo w'abakiriya ntushobora byoroshye kuvuga icyo bakunda cyangwa udakunda, ahubwo usobanure impamvu. Bitabaye ibyo, akazi gahujwe muri Tandem "umwubatsi-Umukiriya" ntabwo azakora.

Kuri iki cyiciro, umwubatsi arashobora kwitabaza ubufasha bwimiterere. Ibi bituma umushinga ugenzura ibyemezo byayo, reba amakosa ashobora kubura kumpapuro. Ijwi hamwe nibikoresho byo kuneka bifasha kwerekana igitekerezo cyumukiriya.

3 gutegura umushinga

Iki gice cyimirimo kirashobora gukorwa mubishushanyo cyangwa mudasobwa. Kubwibyo, inzugi, ibikoresho, amatara nibindi bintu byimbere kumushinga umaze gutorwa mubyukuri (mubunini, moderi n'amabara). Ku cyiciro cya kabiri, amakosa arakuweho kandi ahindurwa igenamigambi, ibisubizo by'ikoranabuhanga. Umwubatsi hamwe nabakiriya "akikije" amazu - "paye" inzira iva kumuryango kugeza ku buriri kugeza ku buriri kugeza ku buriri buhagaze, rosette aho umanika itara.

Kuri iki cyiciro, urashobora gutekereza neza ko ibikoresho byo kubaka no kurangiza bizakoreshwa. Hano umwubatsi nawe atanga amahitamo amwe. Rimwe na rimwe, ibishushanyo bitunganywa inshuro nyinshi. Igisubizo cyamabara birashobora guhinduka. Ubushobozi bwa 3d ibishushanyo bikwemerera kuba mubyukuri kwimura ibintu byo kumurika amazu, umukiriya yumva, muri buri mwuka washinzwe muri buri kibazo.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umushinga. Uwashushanyije: Catherine pupereva. URUBUGA RWA W'Ubwubatsi: Dom & D. Amashusho: Sergey KonStantinov

Imiterere yatoranijwe n'imiterere igena imiterere nibiranga ibikoresho no gucana, urashobora kuvuga neza uburyo ibikoresho byimbere bishobora kugurwa muburyo bwuzuye, kandi nikigomba gutegekwa numushinga kugiti cye. Umwubatsi yiga ingengabihe n'ikiguzi cyo gushyira ibicuruzwa kugirango ategeke, kandi umukiriya ahitamo niba umushinga ugomba kugongirwa.

Niba umukiriya anyuzwe n'imiterere yimbere, icyemezo cyacyo cyamabara, gahunda yo mu nzu, umwubatsi arimo gutegura umushinga kugirango ubyemeze. Ibi bikorwa hakiri kare, kubera ko inzira yo gushyikirana ari ndende kandi ntabwo buri gihe yahanuwe mubisobanuro.

4 Gutegura inyandiko zikora

Umwubatsi ategekwa gutanga urutonde rwuzuye rwakazi rusabwa kubaka no gushyiramo:

• Inyandiko isobanura;
• Gahunda yo gupima (yerekana imiterere yerekana ibishushanyo, aho ventkanalov n'itumanaho);
• Gahunda isenyuka no gushiraho ibice, umwobo no gufungura;
• Gahunda yo Gutegura ibikoresho;
• Tegura amagorofa ashyushye;
• Gahunda y'ikirere yo hanze;
• Indege ya claings (niba ihagaritswe, irambuye, kwihuta cyangwa kuva GLC) hamwe no guhuza no gushiraho amatara;
• Gahunda yo kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi hamwe no guhuza socket no guhinduranya;
• Gahunda y'ibikoresho byo kuranyanya;
• gahunda yo gutunganya imigati ya pishian;
• Gahunda yo gushinga ikirere;
• Gusikana inkuta, uburinganire n'ubwiherero bw'icyapa n'uduto;
• gusikana inkuta zo mu gikoni;
• Guhanagura inkuta z'ibyumba, aho hakorwa akazi bikorwa cyangwa amatara y'icyanga (utworohereza, gushushanya), indorerwamo), indorerwamo n'amakadiri;
• Gutezimbere imiterere igoye, ibice byakozwe kugiti cyabo kugirango batumire (umushinga wa TV, ibiranda, ibikoresho byabimwe);
• gukata inkuta zifite ibintu birambuye (niche, amasahani, inkingi);
• Ibisobanuro: Ibikoresho byo gucana, ibikoresho by'isuku, inzugi, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi;
• Amagambo yo kurangiza imirimo afite icyumba, ubwoko bwo kurangiza ibikoresho, umubare nigiciro cyigiciro cyacyo.

5 Gahunda yo Gutegura Imirimo yo kubaka

Gukora inzego zitoroshye zo kubaka, gushimangira gufungura kukazi bifitanye isano nabashushanya-abashushanya. Niba itumanaho risabwa, impinduka mu kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi, gukurura amashanyarazi, gushyushya injeniyeri, amazi n'amazi. Abasare bagize ibyangombwa kubice byabo:

• Gahunda yo gutanga amazi n'imyanda;
• Imirongo y'amashanyarazi no gushyira kuri gahunda y'amatara, sockets no guhinduranya no guhuzagurika-kubiri (telefone, interineti, televiziyo).

Ugomba kumenya ko:

1. gutunganya ubwiherero no gusimbuza ibikoresho byisuku bitangirana no kumenya ingingo zijyanye no gutanga amazi nimyanda;
2. Gukuraho umusarani kugeza ku mazi bizakenera kurema ahantu hakenewe imiyoboro y'amazi, umusarani ujyanye na kure uzashyirwa ku ntambwe cyangwa ukoreshe Pump;
3. Gukoresha urwego rwamazi bigufasha gukora kwiyuhagira ahantu hato tutiriwe twihuza hamwe nibipimo byarangiye.

Mugihe habaye ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga bihanitse (sisitemu yubwenge, kugenzura amashusho, nibindi), umushinga wo kwishyiriraho (gaskes yindege, amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi) akora inzobere mu mwirondoro uhuye.

Byongeye kandi, ubwubatsi buteganijwe gutegura umurimo ubanza (igishushanyo) kubigo bizakora ibikoresho bisanzwe mugikoni no kubamo icyumba, kubara, kubara Wardrobes ,.d. Nyuma yibyo, ikigo cyohereza uwashushanyijeho umwubatsi asobanura icyo gikorwa.

Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gutegura kubuntu. Umwubatsi: Margarita Ratary. Ibishushanyo bya mudasobwa: Denis Bespalov

Dukurikije umushinga wo gushushanya n'imishinga, umwubatsi wuzuza ibisobanuro byo kurangiza imirimo nibikoresho byibikoresho. Dukurikije ibisobanuro, biragaragara neza, ni ibihe bikoresho kandi nibyinshi bikoreshwa muri buri cyumba cyo hasi, inkuta nigisenge, byerekana umubare, abakora nibiciro).

Buri cyiciro kitandukanya nibibazo byinshi mubibazo. Hamwe niterambere rirambuye, byumvikanyweho numukiriya, ibihe bimwe byahindutse. Ibikoresho byisesengura mbere yumushinga nubusabane bwumushinga, igishushanyo no gutegura ibishushanyo byose bizatwara amezi 3-4. Nyuma yo kurangiza umushinga wo gushushanya, ubwubatsi butanga urutonde rwinyandiko n'ibigereranyo by'Abubatsi bizashobora kumenya intego zayo. Gushyira mu bikorwa bizayubahiriza neza umushinga niba wigisha umwubatsi kugenzura umwanditsi. Ibintu byose ntibishobora kwitabwaho mumushinga, kandi abakozi bafite ibibazo byinshi mugihe cyo kubaka. Kubwibyo, birasobanuwe mugihe cyo kugenzura umwanditsi.