Niki "Ubusitani bwimbeho" ni iki: Terminology, Igishushanyo, Igishushanyo mbonera, Ibikoresho byo hejuru no gukurura, amahitamo.
Emera ubusitani ushobora gutegura ibihuru nyabyo hamwe nibiti by'imikindo na ferns
Intebe za Wicker - Impeshyi y'ibikoresho, ariko muri "Green" Ifite akamaro kandi mu gihe cy'itumba
Windows idakenewe mubusitani bwimbeho ntibubaho
Ibimera bishyirwa kuri "Sheer" kuva ku giti
Intangarugero akenshi zitegura kurya
Ubu busitani bwimbeho bwubatswe hejuru yinzu yumugereka wamazu yamatafari
Mubusitani bwimbeho Koresha ikirahure-kuzigama ingufu, kwemerera kubika microclimate yimbere
Kubogama kw'igisenge bigomba kuba byibuze 20
Ubu busitani bwimbeho ni ahantu ho guterana ninshuti. Ibimera bitanga imitako gusa
Izuba Rirashe mubihe bitandukanye byumwaka (Ubusitani bwimbeho bwometse ku ruhande rw'amajyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'inzu, igihe cyerekanwe mu isaha)
Kuri "ibyumba bitwara abantu, hitamo ntabwo ari ibikoresho byinshi. Kubira, ibuka ko imbere imbere bitagaragara kuva imbere, ahubwo no mumuhanda
a-hamwe nigicapo kimwe;
b-kuva hejuru yinzu imwe hamwe na mugitondo;
B-kuva ku gisenge cya kariri;
M-yometse ku mfuruka yinyubako;
D-yometse kumfuruka yinyubako;
E-n'iherezo, byakemuwe muburyo bwa Victorian;
Z-Allx ishusho ifatanye kuruhande rwinyubako;
Z - "Polygon";
na- "polipoidagon";
K-igihembwe "imyanda"
Igisenge mu gasozi cy'itumba kirasobanutse, bityo rero gushushanya imiterere ye ni ngombwa cyane. Ikirahure gisanzwe kirashobora gusimburwa nibara cyangwa ikirahure cyanduye
Ingano ikozwe mubyimurwa hamwe nibirahure akenshi ni ingano zitangaje.
Ubusitani bwimbeho bujyanye nigorofa ya kabiri cyangwa iya gatatu yinyubako nkaho yahawe akazi mu kirere
Ibishishwa, bifite ibidendezi, guhumeka no gushyushya sisitemu biragenewe cyane
Kwaguka muburyo bwa Victorian- Classique Icyongereza Conservatory
Ubusitani bwimbeho ni ahantu heza kumikino y'abana. Turashimira urumuri rwinshi, kumva ko ufunguye umwanya uremwa, isano ye nisi ikikije
Imyirondoro yamabara irashobora guhitamo icyaricyo cyose (ku gipimo cya ral)
Inzu, aho ibimera byinshi, ari byiza kandi "muzima." Byiza kuruhuka, gushiraho intebe mu gihuru kibisi
Urukuta, rutondekanye n'ibuye rya artificiel, rishushanyijeho ibimera n'isumo rito, ni imfuruka ya "gakondo" mu nzu
Ubuso bwigisenge muri sisitemu ifite imyirondoro nikirahure neza, nta gace kijya mu ndege. Ibi byorohereza kuvana amazi yimvura na shelegi, kandi kandi bitezimbere isubiramo. Sisitemu nkiyi irakozwe nyuma y'ibipimo byose bikenewe
Ubusitani bwitumba ntabwo byanze bikunze bifatanye ninzu. Birashobora kuba inyubako yo kwiyubaka mu busitani, bisa na gazebo ifunze cyangwa icyatsi
Igitekerezo cy '"ahantu hatemba" birazwi cyane mu bahbute, ukurikije inshingano z'inzu n'ibidukikije bibazwa kandi byuzuzanya. Igereranya rishimishije ryiki gitekerezo - ubusitani bwimbeho.
Ingingo ya Sarchimite yo kureba ubusitani bwimbeho irashobora kuba imbaraga zegeranye nimiryango nkuru; inyubako yubatswe hejuru yinzu; Blozed Balkoni, umutware cyangwa hamwe nikirahure cyihariye mu busitani. Intangiriro, ubusitani bwurubyiruko bwubatswe nkuturo bwibimera bidasanzwe. Ariko, uyumunsi "Kwuzuza" ubusitani bwimbeho ni ukundi. Ndetse utegure ibyumba byo kuruhukira, ibyumba byo kuriramo, ibidengeri, ibidendezi, imyitozo yo guhanga ... Ubusitani bwimbeho buhinduka kimwe mubyumba, ariko bidasanzwe, byuzuye izuba. Ibimera hano, nkitegeko, bigarurira igice cyumwanya (rimwe na rimwe ntibijyana na gato mubusitani bwimbeho).
Abahanga mu by'amateka bemeza ko ubusitani bw'imbeho mu gusobanukirwa kw'iki jambo byagaragaye ku iherezo rya XVII- kare. Ariko abavandimwe bo mu nyubako zabo barumirwa mugihe cyububyutse ndetse no muri Roma ya kera. Izi ni Greenhouses na Greenhouses aho Abanyaburayi bakuze ibihingwa bidasanzwe, nka citrus (by citrus (by chersus "ubwabyo, icyatsi" ubwacyo kiva mucyongereza Orange - "Orange"). Yambaye inzu izwi "inzu" - inyubako zifite urukuta rw'ikirahure, aho umucunga usharira (pomeri) wakoroye. Ababanjirije ubusitani bwimbeho barashobora kandi kwitwa Ikirusiya Veranda-Gufunga amaterasi yimbaho, igice cyimbere cyacyo cyakubiswe (nubwo, gusa kurwego rwidirishya risanzwe no hejuru).
Ibishushanyo mbonera
Ubusitani bwitumba mugihe kimwe gishushanya abanyamwuga baturutse mubigo byinshi byihariye. Bamwe batezimbere ubwubatsi, kora ibibara. Nk'itegeko, rikoreshwa mu gukoresha porogaramu za mudasobwa zigezweho: "Gerageza" amahitamo menshi yo mu busitani bw'itumba, bitandukanye n'ibisubizo by'ubwubatsi n'ubunini, hanyuma umukiriya ahitamo cyane. Abakinnyi bashize rya nyuma ya nyuma ya nyuma yisosiyete imwe bubaka inzu yikirahure ukurikije umushinga, kandi nabo bakora gahunda ya sisitemu yizuba, amazi. Ibindi bigo bitanga microclimate nziza muri conservator, nibiba ngombwa, amazi n'amazi. Birakenewe kwita kuri sisitemu yo kumurika ibihimbano. I kiconttal, igihingwa cyabaturage cya gatatu, kurangiza inzira. Nibyiza, niba ugisha inama impuguke zose mbere, kurwego rwo gukora umushinga wubusitani bwimbeho. Asseta nibyiza - kubishushanyo byinyubako nkuru, aho azaba afatanye.Ibisubizo byubatswe
Ubwoko bwose bwubusitani bwimbeho ni ugurwa kwa kwaguka kwinyubako. Nibishishwa bitatu-fascide kandi bishyirwa kurukuta cyangwa 8 na fascian-fasian, byegeranye no ku mfuruka yinzu. Umwimerere wubatswe ugenwa nuburyo bwo kwitegura ubwabwo (munsi yisi, ni urukiramende, bitatu, bitandatu cyangwa esheshatu cyangwa octagon, rimwe na rimwe imiterere ya geometrike. Iyanyuma irashobora kuba ingaragu yoroshye cyangwa myinshi ifite urucacagu. Classic ifatwa nkubwoko bubiri bwubusitani buva mubwongereza (Victoian na Jeworujiya), kimwe na Mediterane. Ziratandukanye muri iboneza ryigisenge. Ibihimbano mu gisenge cya Victorian ni byinshi, kandi ni ubwacu ubwabwo ni bibiri-, bitanu cyangwa cyangwa Semiransh. Inzu idahwitse mu buryo bwa Jeworujiya ni igisenge cya Warmovaya, muri gahunda, ubu busitani bw'imbeho bufite imiterere y'urukiramende. Ku gishushanyo mbonera cya Mediterane, igisenge kirambuye kiraranga.
Icyerekezo cya Komisiyo
Amajyaruguru, Amajyepfo, Iburasirazuba, Iburengerazuba ... vanaving kuruhande rwinyubako kugirango uhuze ubusitani bwitumba? Ikibazo nkiki kizahagarara imbere yawe kubibazo byose: kandi niba uteganya igishushanyo cyose, kandi niba utuye munzu kuva kera ukaba ugiye kubigura. Impuguke zivuga neza ko uruhande rwo mu majyepfo atari ahantu hera heza ho kwakira ubusitani bwitumba. Gukaraba ikirere hano ntibizoroherwa n'abantu, n'ibimera. Mu ci, ku bw'izuba ritaziguye, umwuka uri mucyumba cyakubisweho urashobora gushyuha kugera kuri 60-70C, niyo mpamvu ubusitani bw'imbeho buba nk'icyatsi, kandi ibihingwa birimo "gutwika". Gucira urubanza sisitemu ikomeye, idahwitse yo guhumeka no guhumeka, impumyi na marquises ntabwo buri gihe bashoboye gutanga ubushyuhe bwiza mugihe nkiki. Niba nta guhitamo no kwagura birashobora kubakwa gusa mumajyepfo, birasabwa gutera ibiti byagenwe kuruhande. Ikiringo c'imvugo, gitanga igicucu, kandi mu gihe cy'itumba, kidafite amababi, ntikibangamira kwinjira mu cyumba.Ubusitani bw'itumba, bugamije iburasirazuba, bikaza mu burasirazuba bw'izuba, maze babwira iburengerazuba, bamurikira cyane nimugoroba kandi bagumana ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ku munsi izuba rirenze. Ariko bamwe mubahanga mu bihangano bemeza ko ahantu heza h 'Green House "ruracyari uruhande rwamajyaruguru (kimwe no mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba). Hano harasa niye, iratatanye, itazemerera ibihingwa kurwara mu cyi hamwe nizuba ryinshi. Ubusitani bumwe buturuka buzaba ubwoko bwa "zone buffer", kurinda umuyaga nubukonje bwigice cyo guturamo cyinyubako no kugabanya igihombo cyabo.
Igikoresho cyo munzu
Igishushanyo mbonera cyubukonje ntabwo kigoye cyane: gigizwe nikadiri no kuzuza ibintu bisobanutse (ikirahure cyangwa gikozwe muri polycarbonate). Ishingiye kuri fondasiyo, mubisanzwe kaseti. Glazing irashobora gutangira kuva hasi cyangwa hejuru gato, hejuru y'urukuta fatizo ifite uburebure bwa 50-60cm (gushyushya ibimenyetso byoroshye).
Ikaramu itwara igikomere ihagije kugirango ihangane imitwaro ikomeye (uburemere bwijimye, ibara, umuyaga, urubura), kimwe no kugira imitungo yo mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Biturutse mu myirondoro itandukanye: Aluminium, gushimangira inyubako ya plastike (PVC) (PVC), ibiti, ibiti, ndetse no kubyuma. Kuvuga ibikoresho bifite ibyiza byayo nibibi. Mu myaka 10 ishize, ubusitani bwimbeho bwabaye ikunzwe cyane, kandi sisitemu ya aluminium niyo gaciro ikomeye: biramba kandi birwanya ubukonje. Aluminum ni urumuri rwicyuma, cyane, urwanya ruswa n'umuriro, ibidukikije. Umwirondoro usanzwe mubisanzwe wera, ariko urashobora gusiga irangi mumabara ayo ari yo yose ukurikije igipimo cya Ral. Umwirondoro wa Aluminum uragufasha kubaka ubusitani bwimbeho yubunini butangaje. Uburebure bwigihe kimwe burashobora kugera kuri 6-7m, mugihe kuri sisitemu ya PVC - m 3,5 gusa. Nukuri, guhuza aluminium bihenze kuruta inshuro 2-3.
Kugirango utange urwego rukenewe rwo kwigana mu bushyuhe, imiterere yimirima yimbeho ikozwe mumwirondoro "ususurutse" alumunum. Ubushyuhe busaba kwinjiza plastike kuramba (Polyinethane, Polyemide Idr). Bagabanya cyane kwimura ubushyuhe kumurongo "umubiri" wumwirondoro, uyitandukane mubice bibiri (umwe ari mubukonje, undi arashyushye) kandi kuba inzitizi yubushyuhe. Mubikorwa, shyiramo gake tanga niba uhuza neza, kandi kongererana birashobora kugaragara kumwirondoro wa aluminium mu bihe bikonje (cyane niba pisine cyangwa isumo cyangwa isumo cyangwa isumo cyangwa isumo cyangwa isumo cyangwa mu ruzi rutunganijwe mu kiraro). Guhuza amazi n'amazi by'imvura biva hanze bisohozwa mu mazi y'amazi ku miyoboro idasanzwe y'amazi - zifite ibikoresho byinshi byo mu busitani bw'itumba. Ikibazo cyo gushiraho ubuhehere mugihe cyo gukonjesha ni kimwe mubikomeye mugihe cyo gukora igishushanyo mbonera cya aluminium.
Ibigo bimwe byo kunoza imitungo yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa aluminium abifashijwemo nicyumba cyinyongera: "ni" kongera "mumuhanda no kuzuza polyurethane ya polyurethane. Ifuro ikunze gutanga umusuzumwe wibishushanyo, aho bigoye kubibuza "ubukonje" na "ubukonje" umwirondoro wa aluminium (urugero, ahantu ho guhuriza hamwe igisenge cyimiterere).
Ku isoko ryibirusiya imyirondoro itandukanye: Aluminum, ibihe bine (USA), Ubudage), Ubudage), Ultraframe (Ubwongereza) , Aluk (Ubutaliyani - Uburusiya), "(Uburusiya)," kimwe n'umwirondoro wihariye ku gisenge cy'umuhanda wa parike no kumwirondoro ku rukuta rusange (Ubwongereza).
Umwirondoro wa plastike uhendutse cyane kuruta aluminium, ariko intege nke kuruta gupakira. Birashoboka cyane, hamwe no kuza kwugereranya, ntuzagira ibibazo: imitungo yo kwishura ubushyuhe muri sisitemu iri hejuru irenze iya aluminiyumu. Rehau, Kmmerling, Thomen, Kbeu, Kbeu, Thowu, KBEU (Ubudage), Ubudage), butangwa n'ababyutse. Kugirango gahunda za PVC zimeze igihe kitahindutse kandi ntizikomoka ku bushyuhe buri gihe hamwe nimikorere ikomeye cyane kuburyo baguye mumigabane yadirishya ryabo ", imyirondoro" yabo). Ariko gukomera kwa sisitemu nkiyi ntabwo bihagije kubaka ubusitani bunini bwimbeho. Kubwibyo, ibisenge byabo akenshi bigomba gukora kuva muri Polycarbonate, kuko byoroshye ikirahure. Muri rusange, imiterere ya pulasitike ifatwa nkizewe kandi iramba kuruta aluminium.
Ikadiri yubusitani irashobora gukorwa mubiti byafashwe (urugero, imyerezi ya Kanada cyangwa Ikirunga). Amazu yikirahure ni meza cyane, ariko ahenze - muri Amerika no muri Amerika no mu Burayi, abazamurwa muri Leta, kandi mu Burusiya Sisitemu ntabwo babona koresha na gato. Ikadiri y'ibiti ikeneye kurinda bikomeye ingaruka zo mu kirere n'imirasire ya ultraviolet (irashobora gufashwa, kurugero, umurongo wa alumini), kimwe no kwitaho buri gihe. Abaguzi hamwe na cramesium ibiti bikunze kugaragara. Urugero rumwe ni sisitemu-ya alutechnik (Ubudage). Ikozwe muri pinusi ya pinusiyo ya Angark y'Amajyaruguru hamwe na AlUminium yo hanze yo hanze, ikosora ikirahure kandi ikarinda igiti mubihe bitari byiza.
Sisitemu ya sisitemu yose, ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo ahantu habifitiye igisenge. Abahanga bemeza ko igomba kuba byibuze 20. Hamwe na kimwe cyo hejuru gihamye, kuvana amazi yimvura na shelegi bizagorana. Byongeye kandi, nini yo kubogama, murwego rwo hejuru nubushobozi bworoshye bwo gushushanya mu gihe cy'itumba, iyo izuba riri hejuru yumurongo wa Horizon. Kuri perimetero yo hepfo, igishushanyo cyo hejuru ni gito.
Kubuntu bahagaritse ibiramba, bibiri- cyangwa kimwe-cyicyumba gifite ibirahure-kuzigama ingufu (K-Grall, bikunze gukoreshwa hejuru, ikirahure kivuga ku gisenge cyikirahure, hamwe nimbere ShockProof triplex. Nintera nini iri hagati ya rafters, nibyinshi bigomba kuba bitatu. Ikirahure kirashobora gucika intege, laminate, gushushanya ibirahure byikirahure kugirango ukore ingaruka zo gushushanya. Niba hari ikigega cyangwa ikigega cya artificie cyangwa ikidendezi muri convervator, glazing glazing hamwe namashanyarazi arasabwa.
Ubundi buryo bwikirahure - Ubudodo Polycarbonate: Ikirahure, kuramba kandi ugereranije nibikoresho bihendutse. Kubusitani bwimbeho, umuvuduko ukabije ukoreshwa mubunini bwa 10-25mm wakozwe na Lexan (Otirishiya), Marlon (Ubwongereza (Ubwongereza (Ubwongereza (Isiraheli). Ibyo bibyimbye, abo "ubushyuhe", ariko nabo bahenze. Ibitaro, igisenge cya polycarbonate kinyura izuba rirenze hejuru yikirahure, kandi nigihe cyumuhondo gato. Hafi yimyaka 15 hagomba kuvugurura.
Ubusitani bwitumba burigihe bwinzobere. Uyu murimo, bitewe nibikoresho byumwirondoro, bifite noless nyinshi. Kurugero, ibintu byo gufunga byinzego za aluminium nabyo bikorwa muri aluminium cyangwa kuva ibyuma byimikino. Ibyingenzi bisanzwe byibyuma birashobora gukoreshwa gusa nyuma yo kuvura inshuro nyinshi hamwe nibigize amabara, bitabaye ibyo, imyirondoro ya Alumunum izasenyuka ahantu ho guhuza nayo. Ahantu hashinzwe cyane hamwe nimbuga zerekeza inyuma ninkuta. Ubusitani bwitumba akenshi bugerageranya ninzu yuzuye; Igishushanyo cyacyo ntigicike intege, kandi ubumuga buri muburyo nyamukuru kandi kongerwaho bibaho muburyo butandukanye. Ihuriro ryingingo (nkitegeko, indishyi zidasanzwe zikoreshwa hano) zigomba kumenya uyu mutwaro kandi wishyure itandukaniro ritabora.
Icyitonderwa nyamukuru kubishushanyo mbonera byubukonje bugizwe no gukora isuku hejuru yubusa. Niba ibirahuri byanduye bikabije, koresha ibikoresho byo koza Windows. Gusukura igisenge, no mu itumba kugirango usubize urubura, ugomba kwita inzobere.
Igiciro cyubusitani bwitumba, bitewe nuburemere bwubwubatsi nubunini bwayo, bigenwa kurwego rwa 1m2 glazing cyangwa 1m2. Umugenzuzi w'ikirahuru agura amafaranga ibihumbi 12-20. Kuri 1m2 glazing, no kuva muri Polycarbonate, kuva ku bihumbi 9.6. Kuri 1m2.
Nigute ushobora guhangana na barafu
Igihe cya mugitondo gikonje nikigeragezo gikomeye kubishushanyo mbonera cy'ubusitani ubwo aribwo bwose. Iyo ubushyuhe bwihindagurika kumunsi bifite akamaro kanini (izuba rirenze nyuma ya saa sita, hanyuma nimugoroba ukubita), rwose bagaragara rwose. Iki kibazo ningirakamaro cyane kubagumyabanga, kongeramo kuruhande rwamajyepfo yinyubako nkuru. Niba ushize umugozi wo gushyushya kuruhande rwinzu, hanyuma inzoka yamashanyarazi "azamenagura ubwiza butagira inenge bwindege. Kubwibyo, insinga zishyizwe mu muyoboro n'umuyoboro wa sisitemu yo gutanga amazi. Sisitemu nkiyi ifite ubusitani hafi yubutaka bwose. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwo gushyushya inkweto no kwiyobora. Ikintu cyihariye cyimikoreshereze ya mbere ihoraho, mugihe ibyo kurya biterwa nubushyuhe bwimiterere iherereyemo. Umugozi urwanya ibiranga Alcatel (Noruveje), gushika kuri Finlande), Ceilhit (Espanye). Bisaba impuzandengo ya 80-15. Kuri 1 p. m. Shyira byibuze "insanganyamatsiko". Umugozi wo kwiyobora urekurwa na Devi (Danemark), Nelson Extros HorlowHat (Ubufaransa), Raychem, Inkoranyamagambo (USA). Igiciro - 480-670Rub. Kuri 1 p. Usibye umugozi wo gushyushya, sisitemu yo kurwanya icing ikubiyemo insinga n'amakuru, abagenzuzi b'ibihangange, sensor, imvura n'amazi, bitera ibikoresho byo kurinda no kurinda ibikoresho birinda.
Dmitry Martynov, inzobere muri sosiyete "M.K.S. Ltd "
Ikirere mu nzu
Ndetse n'abategeka ubusitani bw'itumba, bifuza ko agereranya neza: mu mpeshyi ntiyakomeje, ntabwo yahagaritse mu gihe cy'itumba, kandi ntabwo yahindutse icyumba cyo mu cyi. Kugira ngo umwuka ushya, kandi ubushyuhe buringaniye kubantu n'ibimera. Birashoboka kuzana inzozi mubuzima hamwe nibyifuzo byose icyarimwe? Hamwe nigishushanyo kibifitiye ububasha no kurema imbere mu kirere cyiza, yego. Bn 2 y'ikinyamakuru cyacu cyo mu 2006. Twaganiriye birambuye kubyerekeye ikibazo cyo gutegura microclimate mubikoresho nkibi. Noneho reka duhagarare mubice byingenzi byiki kibazo.
Iyo ubusitani bwitumba bwubatswe, ikirahuri kizigama ingufu ntabwo gikoreshwa kubwimpanuka. Mu ci, bagaragaza igice kinini cy'ingufu z'izuba, kutemerera icyumba kurengana, kandi mu gihe cy'itumba, ku rubi, byakijije ubushyuhe bweruye. Shyushya inzu yikirahure muburyo butandukanye, ushyira amazi, umwuka cyangwa amashanyarazi. Kugirango ube mwiza cyane uherereye mubibanza byabantu, urashobora gutunganya igorofa. Ariko ntibizasabwa kubona serivisi kuburyo igihugu kiri mu nkono n'indabyo zihagaze hepfo, kandi imizi y'ibihingwa bizatangira "gutwika". Ingofero yicyatsi irashobora kandi kwimurwa muri ayo turere aho umwuka ushyushye uzenguruka. Kubwibyo, niba mu busitani bwimbeho haribimera byinshi, guhitamo bigomba gukorwa kugirango "umuyoboro" ushyure "umuyoboro" (urugero, amazi).
Mu ci, mu kirere cy'izuba, impumyi, umwenda, marquises ukoreshe igicucu. Wibuke ko ibikoresho byo hanze bikarindwa gushyushya, ariko bisaba ibirenze amazu.
Guhumeka birashobora kuba bisanzwe cyangwa ubukana. Kubihumeka bisanzwe, 20-40% yubuso bwubusitani bwimbeho bufite ibikoresho byo gufungura. Ibintu bihumeka mubisanzwe bishyirwa hejuru yinzu, kandi bitangwa-munsi yibumba. Uruguba rutangira gukora niba umwuka winjira byibuze 5c ubukonje kuruta umwuka mucyumba. Kubwibyo, umwobo wo gufata umwuka wa huye uhambaye nibyiza gushirwa ahantu h'igicucu.
| Imiti | |
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Ukurikije umwirondoro wa aluminium: a-imiterere; Ububiko bwa B-Ubushyuhe; mu miyoboro yuzuye amazi; M-aluminium igiti; D-rubavu ku mpumyi. |
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Hashingiwe ku mwirondoro-Aluminium: Ikirahure cyonyine kimeze; B-kurambika; mu miyoboro yuzuye amazi; M-Gucibwa akabari. |
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| Ibishushanyo bya sisitemu yubusitani bwimbeho kuva pvc imyirondoro | |
Vertical glazing ipfundo: Umwirondoro wa A-Rack; B-Frample Umwirondoro; I-kashe; M-Glass; D-Prebre. |
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Igisenge Svez: Ikirahure cyo hanze yikirahure; B-kashe; B-cute y'amazi; Umwirondoro wa M-Guhuza; D-Ikirahure cy'ikirahure. |
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Amatungo y'icyatsi
Ubushyuhe, urumuri kandi bishimishije kumaso yicyatsi kibisi burigihe ikaze, atari mu cyi, ahubwo no kuniha umunsi mushya, no mu biruhuko umwaka mushya. Turashobora gukemura ibimera bitandukanye bifite ubusitani butandukanye. Usibye geografiya zinkomoko, zoherejwe kuba tropique cyangwa subtropical. Abapangayi baturuka muri tropique bakeneye ubushyuhe buhoraho bwumwaka, na 23-24 ° croheye birababereye. Air Air Feiridetity - 45-65%.
Abenshi ibimera dushyuha bafite amababi menshi bizarre coloring na shusho. Abo ni abantu bose bakizwa inkunga (Filodendrons, Monsters, Diffenbahia, Anthuriums, Schifflera, Pahir), Marantic, Spathiflowers, Pelerons, violets, drasens, n'amashusho y'ibigazi, ficuses. ibyangombwa nyinshi bakura mu ricamwo hasi amashyamba Equatorial (gushinga rukomeye kibisi ya kugeza 40m) na, amenyereye basiikiriza ku, yavyifashemwo mu ibyangombwa cyumba ku kubura umuco ntuje kurusha abimukira kuva subtropics. Ibihimbano bigana ibihuru byo mu turere dushyuha nitsinda ryibimera byibiti bitandukanye hamwe namababi ashushanya. Kurwanya inyuma ya kopi hamwe namababi yicyatsi yijimye, urashobora gushira ibihingwa byiza, byimiterere. Ndirimbo bagize, gukina ndetse ku texture ya mababi: ku Monsters ni Ibigurishiri zwa aho bibisi, shiny; Mu Anthurium wa Crystal na Diffenbachy "cyerekana" - Umwenda obonerana-rigicumbeka. Ihuriro rishimishije rya Nuelles, umukino wibicucu bitandukanye byatsi- kurugero, inzibacyuho.
ibimera n'uduhehereye mu vivo gukura mu Yalta, Espagne cyangwa ku kirwa cya Shipure. Abo ni bitandukanye coniferous, imbuto (bose amacunga ndetse Feichoa), Azalea, Camellia Idr. Mu itumba, bose bakeneye mu gihe gisigaye, kugabanya ubushyuhe (5-10 ° C), more batavugaga kuwuhira. Niba ibyo bintu byose byubahirizwa, hanyuma mu mpera za Mutarama 19 Mu ntangiriro za Gashyantare, urashobora kwizihiza umwijima mwiza wa Kamelliya na Azaleya. Neza, niba ubushyuhe mu itumba ni bisa mpeshyi, hanyuma ibiterwa n'uduhehereye bumva ubuyega: bashobora w'ilisiti amababi, ntabwo kurabya. Ubusitani, butuwe mu bwoko bwa Cactus na Occulent, bwitwa "gukama" subtropique cyangwa ubusitani. Ibimera nkibi bisaba kumurika kuzamura (bipimirwa mubyiza) umwuka wumye. Kubatuye ubusitani bwimbeho, bagomba gukora ibintu byihariye: Kumurika - Ibihumbi 8-9. LC, n'ubushuhe ni 20%.
Mu gihe cy'itumba, ibimera byinshi ndetse no mu busitani bw'itumba ntibibura umunsi mukuru. Hamwe no kumurika, amatara ya fluorescent cyangwa phytolamba mubisanzwe ikoreshwa, yakozwe muburyo bwibimera. Ibi bikoresho bifite uburyo bukwiye bwo kumvikana hamwe na maxima ebyiri - ahantu h'ubururu na butukura. Ibigo byinshi, Sylvania (Ubudage), Abafilipi (Ubuholandi) na Raporo rusange (USA) itanga amatara nkaya. Urutonde rwicyitegererezo rugufasha guhitamo itara ryimbaraga zisabwa (15-60w). Igiciro cyabo ni amafaranga 100-150. Itara rya gaze rikwiranye nibimera byanyuma. Bafite akamaro (barenga 30% byimbaraga zakoreshejwe bahinduwe kumucyo), ariko barashyuha cyane kandi sisitemu yo gukonjesha yashyizweho, nkumufani.
Nigute ushobora kumenya imbaraga zamatara zishobora gutanga urumuri rusabwa kuri ibi bimera? Birumvikana, byose biterwa no kumenya niba amatara cyangwa gusohora gaze, kubikenewe mu bihingwa byakuze, ndetse no kure yinkomoko yimvura nibimera. Ficus na LIMON, kurugero, mugihe cyimbeho ntizikenera byibuze 1500lk. Amateka yo ku manywa ayiha muri iki gihe cyumwaka 700-800lk. Isukana yabuze igomba kuzuzwa kubiciro byibinyabuzima. Niba bishoboka, reba inzobere - bazakubara imbaraga zifuzwa ukoresheje porogaramu za mudasobwa.
Shira amatungo yicyatsi mumasafuriya cyangwa indabyo zihagaze (birashobora gutera hasi cyangwa ikintu kinini). Aba nyuma bemerera gutera indabyo "imiryango" - hafi nka kamere. Niba uhisemo gukoresha indabyo zihagaze, ntibisabwa gusinzira rwose imvange yubutaka hanyuma hanyuma utekereze. Kubantu abantu batondekanye muri ubu buryo, biragoye cyane kubyitaho. Buri gihe baharanira guhindura amababi kumucyo, basiga abumviriza amahirwe yo gutekereza ntabwo amababi meza yambaye ubusa na "nabi". Kwagura ibihingwa ntibuzakora, nyuma ya byose, batewe mu butaka. Biragoye gutegura neza imiyoboro. Indabyo ya Aeseli izarwara, ntishobora kwigunga ibisigaye. Biragoye kandi biragoye. Ibi bigomba gukorwa: ibihingwa bishyirwa mubigo byihariye, biherereye mumasosiyete yibara yindabyo, nkuko ubishaka, kandi umwanya uri hagati yinkono usinzira ibikoresho bya clamzite cyangwa "inert". Inkono muri iki gihe zisabwa urutonde runini - rwa chamicki, Chamot, icyuma, plastike ndetse n'ikirahure. Imyambaro yo gushushanya igenewe gucumbika ku nkombe no gusiganwa byatoranijwe ukurikije ibidukikije bidukikije.
Nibyo, umwanya munini wo gukora inzu yikirahure izatwara byinshi. Iteka ryo gutumiza igishushanyo cyubusitani bwitumba kugeza kwishyiriraho bibaho byibuze amezi 2. Noneho birakenewe gushyira icyumba. Ariko, iyo oasisi yo murugo izaba yiteguye, ntushobora kwicuza imbaraga zakoreshejwe. Tekereza uri mu ntebe, ibimera bidasanzwe uburiganya bwawe ... Tekereza, intama zintama.
Uburyo bwo Gutegura umwanya wubusitani
Ubusitani bwimbeho bukunze gushushanya ibishushanyo nyaburanga, bityo bitwaza amahame shingiro yubusitani mumuyaga ufunguye hano. Muri make, barashobora gushyirwaho kuburyo bukurikira: ahantu h'ibimera bya gace, "ishyamba", no hagati - "ubusa". Kuki ari ngombwa gutanga ubwoko nk'ubwoko nk'ubwo? Byinshi mubintu byihariye ni imbuga ntoya, wabonye kumpande enye nuruzitiro, mubisanzwe ibipfamatwi ntabwo ari ugushushanya. Ibiti Byinshi bikunze guterwa kuruzitiro kugirango biyobetse kandi wubake urukuta rurebera isi nibindi bitekerezo byabandi. Ariko guhitamo gahunda isa mugihe umwanya wubusitani wibembewe. Ubusitani bwimbeho ni agace gahagaze hejuru yikirahure. Abashyitsi barareba imbere gusa, ahubwo no hanze, kuva kumuhanda. Ni ngombwa cyane kutagira "gufunga" ubusitani bwimbeho hafi ya perimetero, isohoza ibidukikije nuburyo bubitse hamwe nibimera byinshi. Nibyiza cyane kugerageza guhimba igice cyumugambi-ufunguye hamwe nisi yicyatsi zimara hejuru yikirahure. Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko ibimera bizahindura amababi kurukuta rukoreramo, aho urumuri rwinshi ruva. Kubwibyo, niba ushyize amatungo yawe mubusitani bwitumba, ariko uruzitiro rwikirahure, nyuma yigihe, ibihingwa "bizahindura" isura "kumuhanda n'abashyitsi bizagomba kwishimira" inkono "zabo gusa.
Elena Brykin, uwashizeho isosiyete "Ikoranabuhanga rishya"
Abanditsi bashimira isosiyete "Albion", "SPOOT", "SLOST", "SLL PLAST", Ibihe bine, ILBOSCO, M.K.S. LTD, "Ibiro bizwi cyane mu Burusiya Aluminum kugirango afashe mugutegura ibikoresho.