Ibiranga ibikoresho byo mu nzu y'igihugu: Ubwoko n'itumanaho ry'ikoranabuhanga, abakora, incamake y'ibikoresho by'itumanaho.
Amakuru y'Iburasirazuba.
Antenna yahujwe na module ya radiyo irashobora gukoreshwa mugutegura umurongo witumanaho.
Igice shingiro muri KX-TCD586ru gikozwe nkigikoresho cyihariye. Imiyoboro irashobora kwandikwa kuri blocks nyinshi, zigura uburyo bwo gukoresha terefone
Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rigezweho nta kibazo dushobora gutegura aho ruhuze rwose mu nzu y'igihugu.
Mobile Mobile Zone "Beeline"
Interineti kuri kanama ubu iraboneka kuri bose
Hamwe nubufasha bwa tekinoroji igendanwa, urashobora kwimura amajwi gusa, ariko nanone amashusho ashushanyije
Amakuru y'Iburasirazuba.
Ikinyejana cya XXI ntabwo cyita ku bw'impanuka y'ikoranabuhanga. Ubuzima bwa none buragoye kwiyumvisha adafite terefone, iyi mugenzi wizerwa wubucuruzi. Ntabwo bitangaje kuba ikibazo cya terefone kitonyanga ba nyir'amazu yo mu gihugu.
Terefone kuri benshi muri bagenzi bacu ntabwo aribyiza kandi nta nubwo itumanaho gusa, ahubwo ni ikintu cyingenzi cyibikorwa byubucuruzi. Niba hari itumanaho rya terefone, bashoboye guha agaciro aho bakorera bahujwe murugo cyangwa mugihugu. Iyi mikorere irashimishije cyane kubafite karust. N'ubundi kandi, ubuzima butuje muri kamere, kure y'imijyi y'imijyi, ibinyabiziga bitwara imihanda n'ikirere birareba, bisa na paradizo.
Uyu munsi, utegure "Iparadizo Ubuzima" ni Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryemerera. Umuturage wo mumujyi azakenera igice cyisaha kugirango ashushanye amasezerano numukoresha wa mobile. Ariko gutura burundu "Intara itumva" ahantu hasabwa umubare munini wo gutumana kuri terefone. Kurugero, birakenewe ko tekinike iremeza kwigirira icyizere, nta kwivanga, kwakira ikimenyetso. Byongeye kandi, mugihe uhuza interineti, umuyoboro w'itumanaho ugomba kugira umurongo runaka usaba guhana amakuru yuzuye. Hanyuma, birahagije ko amafaranga yo kwishyura kugirango akore serivisi zitumanaho ari mike. Birumvikana ko ibyo bisabwa byibanze bifitanye isano nabafatabuguzi bose, ariko cyane cyane kubakoresha byimazeyo terefone ubwayo hamwe na serivisi zinyongera zitangwa murwego rwayo.
Ni ibihe byifuzo?
Noneho, muburyo bwose bwibitumanaho, bibiri byakwirakwijwe cyane. Iyi ni terefone yatsindiye, cyangwa, nkuko nayo yitwa, ihuriro rya terefone rihamye, hamwe na data na radiyo. Tuzakubwira byinshi kubyerekeye inyungu zabo nibibi.Wirephony - Uburyo bworoshye kandi bwizewe. Umukoresha yahujwe na PBX, nk'amategeko, yakira ikimenyetso n'urwego rwemewe, rutitaye kuri meteo. Imiyoboro yimodoka yatsimwe irangwa nubutambuzi bwimbitse, cyane cyane iyo ukoresheje fibre igezweho optique. Ibi biragufasha gushyira umurongo kugirango itumanaho ryijwi gusa, ahubwo rinashyira ahandi, kugeza ryari kumashusho ya videwo. Imirongo ya fibre optique irasezeranya cyane nuburyo bwo kureba amakuru yo kwimura amakuru no gukingirwa urusaku. Kubwibyo, ntabwo ari amahirwe ko ari imirongo nkiyi ikoreshwa mu midugudu minini ya kazuru hafi ya Moscou. Ikoranabuhanga risanzwe (urugero, Xdsl) Emerera gutegura uburyo bwo kwihuta cyane kuri interineti yihuta kandi kuva nimero ya terefone isanzwe. Muri uru rubanza, umurongo uguma ubusa.
Wired Intumanaho CDedDows ikubiyemo ikiguzi kinini cyo kwishyiriraho kandi inkwanga iraryamye. Kurugero, mukarere ka Moscou kugirango ukoreshe umurongo wa fibre-optique ugura amadorari ibihumbi byinshi kuri 1km. Umubare munini w'abafatabuguzi bo mu mudugudu wigihugu urashobora kuba televiziyo muri ubu buryo hafi $ 500-1000. Mu turere twinshi two mu turere twinshi, serivisi za itumanaho rya Wired kandi muri iki gihe zikomeje kutagerwaho. Nakarere ka Moscow imwe irenga ibihumbi 2. Icyamamare mucyaro cyambuwe rwose. Nibyo, kandi aho, ubuziranenge bwe rimwe na rimwe ntibuhanganye no kunegura kubera ibikoresho bishaje byashyizwe kuri PBX, kandi imirongo itumanaho hamwe no kwanduza ibimenyetso hejuru yumuringa.
Kohereza amakuru ukoresheje umuyoboro wa radio irashobora gukorerwa muburyo butandukanye. Imbere, byose ni itumanaho rizwi cyane. Hano, ibimenyetso byo guhindura ibikoresho biherereye kugirango tumenye neza ku butaka runaka ("mubice bimwe"), tutashizeho ivanga kuri radio (umusemuzi wumusemuzi usa na Hexagonal, kuva aho Irindi zina ryubu bwoko bwitumanaho ryaturutse). Itumanaho rya mobile rirashimishije kubakiriya benshi cyane cyane kubukungu bwifashe, kubera ikiguzi gito cyibikoresho (terefone igendanwa) hamwe n'amafaranga meza yo kwiyandikisha. Uyu munsi, terefone igendanwa irashobora kugurwa kumadorari 50-100, kandi ikiguzi cyo kwishyura gahunda nyinshi zubukungu zigereranywa nibiciro bya serivisi za terefone ya Wirephony. Muri icyo gihe, serivisi z'abakora selire zikomeje kubahendutse - ahanini bitewe n'amarushanwa y'isoko rikomeye (amacumbi yaturutse muri serivisi ya MINOPOLIST MONOPOLIST).
Ariko, itumanaho rya mobile nibibi. Ubwa mbere, agaciro kahariye ka buri makuru yanduza ukoresheje terefone igendanwa iracyaruta inshuro nyinshi kurenza igiciro cyo kwimura amakuru ukoresheje wired. Byongeye kandi, ingorane zivuka hamwe no kwimura amakuru menshi ashobora gusabwa kugirango ukore neza kuri enterineti. Rero, murwego rwitumanaho rya Digital Mobile Muburusiya, igipimo cyo guhana amakuru hagati yiyandikisha hamwe nitumanaho node ni 9.6-14.4Kbit / s, gsm ntabwo ikoreshwa kugirango igere kuri enterineti.
Kugirango ukore ibi, haribindi bibazo bigezweho byo kohereza ubutumwa. Kurugero, ibipimo bya GPRS bikoreshwa mu kohereza e-imeri no kureba imbuga za interineti; Inkombe (GPRS Yateye imbere), yemerera amakuru yinyandiko gusa, ariko nanone amashusho n'amashusho ya videwo.
AB Ikizaza cya kure, abakora ubugomeke bwo murugo barateganya inzibacyuho kuri Umts Igisekuru cya gatatu (sisitemu ya terefone igendanwa), itanga igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru kuva 384Kbit / s kugeza 2 MBPS. Kwororoka amashusho atemba, akora amashusho ya videwo hamwe na serivisi zisa. Ifatwa ko iri hame ryihariye rizatangizwa mu Burusiya.
Mu bihe byongeweho, ikibazo gihinduka ubuziranenge bwo mu itumanaho hamwe nintera nini ya sitasiyo yubusemuzi (node ya selile). Kuri terefone zigendanwa, intera ikomeye ni 8-10 km. Ubwiza bw'itumanaho bushingiye cyane imbere (ubucucike) bwibikorwa remezo byohereza muri zone yihamagarwa, niko isoko yo kwivanga, guhuza ni bibi.
Itumanaho rya radiyo nkoresheje kwakira Antenna Byakoreshejwe mugihe umugozi urangiye uhenze cyane cyangwa mubuhanga ntibishoboka. Ibyiza byiyi ikoranabuhanga byumurongo wa Broadbale ni ikiguzi gito cyo kwishyiriraho (kuva kumadorari magana), umuvuduko wo kwishyiriraho ibikoresho (ugereranije ibyumweru bibiri kugirango utegure umuyoboro witumanaho nubushobozi Gutanga ibyakiriwe neza cyane ku ntera nini (kugeza kuri kilometero mirongo icumi). Kednostats harimo ko ibikoresho byo kwiyandikisha byumukiriya bigomba kuba muburyo butaziguye ugereranije na sitasiyo ya base (Kohereza). Byongeye kandi, ubuziranenge bwitumanaho burashobora kwangirika hamwe na meteo idashidikanywaho (mu nkugo).
Ubundi buryo bwo kuri televommucations Itumanaho rya Satelite (MSS). Gukubita ibisekuruza byerekana ibimenyetso hano bikoreshwa satelite yisi iherereye kuri orbitiya. Bazunguruka hamwe n'umubumbe wacu, bityo uhore uhinduka hejuru yubuso bwayo. Itumanaho rya Satelite ritanga ireme ryikimenyetso aho ariho hose mwisi: muri Taiga, inyanja, ubutayu ... uturere twinshi twakomeje. Ibitaro, ubu bwoko bwitumanaho nibwo buryo buhenze cyane: umunota wo kuganira "kuri satelite" igura $ 1-3, nibiciro bya terefone ya satelite bihindagurika kumadorari ibihumbi 600-800 kumadorari ibihumbi 600-800. Kubwibyo, itumanaho nkiryo rikoreshwa mugihe ubundi buryo budashoboka.
Amagambo
Xdsl . Umuryango wikoranabuhanga mugutegura itumanaho ukoresheje sisitemu ya terefone iriho nkibidukikije nkuburyo. Iyi tekinoroji itanga ikigo cyihuta cyane (kugeza kuri 50 mbit / s) kandi igufasha gushiraho nimero nyinshi za terefone kumurongo umwe nta kuzamura.
"Ikirometero giheruka" - Umugambi wo gutumanaho uva kuri sitasiyo y'itumanaho kugera kubikoresho byo kwiyandikisha byanyuma.
Bluetooth - Ikoranabuhanga ridafite ubuhanga bwo kwimura urugendo rugufi hagati ya terefone, mudasobwa nibindi bikoresho.
Cb. .
Cdma (Ishami rishinzwe kode nyinshi) - Igisekuru cya gatatu gisekuru cya digitale, biratunganye kuruta GSM.
Dect (Digital yazamuye itumanaho ridafite umugozi) ni urugero rwa digitale "microppiyo" telefoni. Ibipimo nyamukuru byuburayi kuri terefone zidafite umugozi wakoresheje mu nzu.
Inkombe. Imbaraga zamakuru ziterwa nihindagurika ryuzuye - Amakuru mashya, yateye imbere
Ethernet -Ibikoresho byamakuru ya batch hejuru yimiyoboro ya kabili.
GPS. Sisitemu yo gushyira mu mwanya wisi yose - Sisitemu yo Kuyobora Isi.
GPRS. SERIVISI RUGARAGAZA RUSANGE - Amakuru yikoranabuhanga. Ikoreshwa cyane muri terefone ngendanwa, kurugero i Moscou. Impuzandengo yo kohereza amakuru ni nko 40kbbbit / s.
GSM. Sisitemu yisi yose yo gutumanaho kwa mobile ni sisitemu yo gutumanaho kwisi yose, ibipimo bya digitale. Ubwoko butandukanye ni GSM1800 (DCS1800, PCN), GSM900, GSM19 (PC).
ISDN. Serivise ihuriweho na Digital Network Network) - Ibipimo byitumanaho kumajwi namakuru kumurongo wa terefone ya digital cyangwa insinga za terefone zisanzwe.
MDMS. Kubungabunga amakuru yo kuyobora amakuru) ni sisitemu yo mu rubuga rwamazi. Ibisubizo bidafite umugozi bishingiye kubikoresho bya MDMS ni ubundi buryo bwimirongo nyamukuru na fibre-optique optique, kimwe na radio gakondo. Tanga abakoresha babo uburyo bwo gutwara abantu bazira kohereza amakuru yose - kuva mumodoka yijwi kuri serivisi zo mubantu benshi.
MSS. (Serivise ya Satelite Mobile) - Itumanaho rya Satelite mobile.
PCSS. Serivisi zumuntu ku giti cye) - Serivisi za Satelite kugiti cyawe (Satelite Terefone).
SMS. Serivisi ngufi yubutumwa) - Serivisi ngufi yo kohereza ubutumwa.
Wcdma. (Igice cya kode ya TOGBNANDABES) - Igipimo cya gatatu-cya gatatu. CDMA yaremewe, yatanzwe ku isoko rya Aziya.
Niki ugomba guhitamo?
Nyir'inzu y'igihugu, kujya kuri tereviziyo ye, igomba gusobanura neza imirimo iteganya gukemura binyuze muri serivisi zitumanaho. Uyu munsi, ba nyirubwite ntibagigarukira kuri terefone gakondo. Byinshi kandi byinshi mubisabwa ni televiziyo nka televiziyo yimyanya ya interineti (hamwe na interineti yo kohereza amakuru kuva 1. Gucunga Ibiro Umuyoboro waho wisosiyete.
Ku cyiciro gikurikira, birakenewe guhitamo isosiyete ikora serivisi zitumanaho hamwe nuburyo bwitumanaho. Equitube, kurugero, hariho abakora benshi nkabo. Iki kigo cya Korbina "," CONDARDOCOM "," CONTSOM "," clocon "," R. Telecom ", ndetse n'amasosiyete mato. Kinini "Abakinnyi" bafite inyungu nyinshi: batanga serivisi nyinshi, bateganya imikino yoroshye, gahunda ikomeye yo gutera inkunga serivisi kubakiriya babo. Ibigo bya Anebol akenshi ntibishobora no guha ibikoresho fibre optique. Ibyiza byabo nyamukuru nigiciro gito cya serivisi. Ariko inyuma yigiciro gito rimwe na rimwe hariho urwego rwo hasi kandi rudahagije rwa serivisi.
Ukurikije serivisi ushaka kwifashisha (inshuro, igihe kimara guhamagara, umurongo wa interineti nayo...), uzahabwa guhitamo bumwe muburyo butandukanye bwo gutumanaho. Ni ngombwa kwitondera igihe kimwe gusa (kumuteguro wumuyoboro witumanaho no kubona ibikoresho bikenewe), ariko no kuri gahunda y'ibiciro nkenerwa hamwe nubusabane bwishyuwe buri kwezi. Tuzakoresha ikiguzi cyo guhuza serivisi dukoresheje tekinoroji yo kubona tekinoroji inshuro nyinshi munsi kurenza kuri fibre optique itumanaho, kandi mubihe 2-3 hejuru yikoranabuhanga rya xddl. Ariko mugihe nta bikorwa bifatika (umuyoboro wabigenewe), ikoranabuhanga imbere yibikorwa byibanze bya mu gahongabant hashobora kuba igisubizo cyonyine cyikibazo nitumanaho.
| Ubwoko bw'itumanaho | Ikoranabuhanga | Umuvuduko | Porogaramu iboneka kuriyi ikoranabuhanga | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imvugo, SMS. | Imeri | Kwimura amafoto | interineti | Ishusho ya videwo | |||
| Mobile | GSM, TDMA, PC | 9.6-14,4Kbit / S. | +. | +/- | - | - | - |
| GPRS, WCDMA. | Kugeza kuri 115Kbit / s | +. | +. | +. | +. | - | |
| Byagenwe | ISDN. | 64Kbit / S. | +. | +. | +. | +/- | - |
| Xdsl | Kugera kuri 50MBPS | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. | |
| Umuyoboro wa fibre | Ethernet | 100MBPS nibindi | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. |
| Ku muyoboro wa radio | MDMS. | Kugeza kuri 100 MBPS | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. |
Ibikoresho
Ibikoresho byashyizweho na nyir'agace bigabanijwe bitewe n'ubwoko bwo guhinduranya mu byiciro byinshi. Iyo ushyira umurongo watsindiye (haba mu itumana ry'itumanaho na Digital asdn. Ibikoresho bya terefone birasabwa kohereza ubutumwa bwijwi. Birashobora kuba terefone isanzwe aho umuyoboro uhuza niyine nicyitegererezo kidafite imigozi igezweho ikoresha amahame ya dect. Ibipimo bifite inyungu nyinshi; Ikintu nyamukuru muribi ni ubudahangarwa. Ibi ntibitangaje kuko tekinoroji ya TDMA yabisabye yagenewe ibibanza binini byinganda, hitabwa kurwego rwo hejuru rushoboka rwo kwivanga hamwe nubucucike bwinshi bwabafatabuguzi. Intera ntarengwa aho kwizewe k'umuyoboro n'ifatizo mucyumba byemezwa, ni 50mvume 50mvu. Muri icyo gihe, imbaraga za terefone ntizirenga MW 10, ifite umutekano kubuzima. Ibikoresho bishyigikira amahame ya dect bikozwe nabakozi benshi ba elegitoroniki benshi. Muri bo harimo Sanyo, Payasonic (Ubuyapani), Abafilipi (Ubuholamu), Thoms), Siemens, Ubudage), Samsung, LG (Koreya). Igiciro cyikoranabuhanga ni $ 50-150.
Mubindi bintu, LG, yerekanye urugero rushya rusukuye-plofone-Terefone-Terefone. 7165 hamwe nimirimo ya Aona hamwe nibara LCD yerekana, amabara 4096. Kandi, terefone ifite uburyo bwa terefone (speakerphone), redulator itanga urwego rwa gatandatu. Tuzavuga muburyo burambuye kubikoresho byamakuru bidafite ishingiro mu ngingo zikurikira.
Gutegura umurongo watsinditswe, ntabwo itumanaho ryijwi gusa, ahubwo no ku biro byurugo byuzuye, urashobora gukoresha mini-pbx. Ibikoresho nkibi mini-pbx nka KX-Tes824ru (Pank-Pasonic), GDK-16 na GDK-20 (LG) bigufasha kwemeza imikorere yimirongo myinshi yo hanze nimbere, shyigikira imikorere ya Intercom na enterineti, fax na Itumanaho rya mobile, tanga ibyabo nyirubwite guhamagara inama, ikangura ubutumwa bwijwi na spot. Urashobora guhuza na Caparata na sisitemu ya "Smart Home", izagenzura imibereho yose hamwe nibikoresho byo guturamo. Igiciro cya PBX ni $ 200-300.
Guhuza mudasobwa kuri enterineti no guhanahana amakuru, hariho modem (ibikoresho bya moshiya)). Ukurikije Ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza ibimenyetso, ni Analog na Digital (ISDN, XDSL); Kuri buri ikoranabuhanga, gusa modem yubwoko runaka burakwiye. Ihuriro, ibi bikoresho birashobora gukorwa mumazu kandi bidakwiye (hanze n'imbere no ku kigo cyashyizwe muri mudasobwa). Mubisanzwe mubisanzwe bihendutse, ariko byoroshye gukora akazi. Igiciro cyimidembe yo murugo ni impuzandengo ya $ 15-150. Mubikorwa bizwi cyane ni U.sEbotics (USA), Acorp na Zyxel (obtavan).
Hamwe no gukuraho akazu keza mu kagari ka kagari, urashobora gusaba abakoresha terefone zigendanwa kugirango ushyireho Antenna uhagaze hamwe na amplifier yubatswe. Ibikoresho nkibi bikagura zone yibintu byakira byiringiro kuri 10-30km (ugereranije na terefone igendanwa). Antenna ishyirwa murwego rwo hejuru rwakarere, akenshi hejuru yinzu, kandi iburasirazuba kuri sitasiyo ya hafi yegereye. Ibikoresho nkibi bizatwara umuguzi kuri $ 300-400.
Ibikoresho by'imiyoboro ya MDMS, nk'ubutegetsi, nanone igizwe na antenna na module yo kohereza (module ya radiyo). Module na Antenna barashobora guhuzwa, nko muri kanopy sm (Motorola, Amerika) Urukurikirane. Icyitegererezo nkiki kigizwe na module ya radiyo hamwe na 60-impamyabumenyi yemewe. ALPOX imanza module yimbere hamwe na antenne yo hanze ikorwa muri verisiyo itandukanye, haba mu mbuto ya breezeacces ya alvarion (Isiraheli). Guhitamo no Gushiraho ibikoresho byo gutumanaho hejuru yumuyoboro wa radiyo, nibyiza gukemura hamwe nuhagarariye isosiyete itanga. Igiciro cya Kit ni $ 300-1000 (hamwe no kwishyiriraho no kuboneza).
Itumanaho muri SV-bande
Uburyo bwo guhinduranya amatsiko bushobora gukorwa ukoresheje amaradisiye akorera kuri 27 MHZ (11m). Iyi mpande zombi zagaragaye cyane kuri radio Abateurs, ku isi yose, bitwa kandi intera y'abasivili. Kugira ngo uyikoreshe, sitasiyo igomba kwandikwa muri radiyo nkuru ya Radiyo y'Uburusiya cyangwa amashami yacyo. Mugushiraho amaradiyo ahiganwa mu nzu yo mu mijyi no hanze y'umujyi, mu gihugu, witanga umurongo uhoraho hagati yabo. Intumana itumanaho irashobora kugera ku birometero mirongo, kandi hagati ya sitasiyo yibanze kandi yimuka - 10km. Kandi kubakoresha, ihuriro nkiryo rizaba ryisanzure, usibye ikiguzi cyo kugura ibikoresho. Radiyo igendanwa izatwara amadorari 50-150, sitasiyo shingiro, Antenna n'ibikoresho byinyongera - andi $ 300-400.
Abanditsi bashimira isosiyete "Itumanaho rya Vector", "Vimpelkom", "Vimpelkom", "Vimpelkom", "Vimpelkom", "Vihepelkom", "Vihepol", "colopdon", "igana kuri Telepaf", ", abahagarariye LG, Philips, Samsung, simsung, simsung, singemens ubufasha bwo gufata ingamba za ibikoresho.