Ibibazo byo gusana ibikoresho byo murugo: Guherekeza no kugura ibikoresho, ibintu biranga guhitamo ikigo cya serivisi, igishushanyo mbonera.
Kubyerekeye ibibanza ku gipangu. Yishimiye ko afite ...
Imodoka ya Steam nibyo yahuye na Carlson,
Inzobere nziza y'imodoka yisi,
Ubuhanga cyane bwagenzuye valve yumutekano.
A. lindgren. Umwana na Carlson
Igihe cyose, tubona ibikoresho byo murugo, twizera ko bizadugezaho kuva kera kandi mugihe cyo gukora ntazatanga ibibazo. Kwakira abashyitsi, iyi ivu ntabwo buri gihe iba impamo. Nakora iki niba TV, firigo cyangwa vacuum isukuye mu buryo butunguranye "zakapirizarinal"? Mu kiganiro tuzaganira kubiranga bimwe byo kubungabunga ikoranabuhanga nkakubwira icyo uzirikana mugihe ugura no guhitamo ikigo cya serivisi.
Amakuru y'Iburasirazuba Benshi mu baturage bacu ntibatigitanwa nuburyo, mubyukuri, bazasana ibikoresho byo murugo niba bivunika. Umubare ushobora kuba nyirayo ushoboye ni, nuguhitamo icyitegererezo cyateganijwe "kwizerwa" ndetse no kubaza igihugu cyegeranijwe. Ariko biragaragara ko ingamba zidahagije kugirango ziremeza ba nyir'ibibazo bidafite ibibazo mugihe cyose cya serivisi. Aba nyuma bakunze kwitiranya hamwe na garanti, nubwo igihe cya serivisi cyagereranijwe ni inshuro nyinshi. Abakora ibikoresho bitandukanye byo murugo bashimagiza ubuzima bwabo, akenshi buva kuri2 kugeza kumyaka 15. Kurugero, kuri TVS, birashobora kuba mfite imyaka 7 kuri firigo - 10, kuri gaze ya gaze - 15. Tekinike Yagurishijwe kumugaragaro mu Burusiya igomba kubungabunga imikorere mugihe cyagenwe (ibarwa uhereye igihe ibicuruzwa bigurishwa cyangwa kuva itariki yo kurekurwa, niba atari inyandiko zemeza iyi tariki). Kurangiza ubuzima bwa serivisi, uwabikoze ntabwo afite inshingano zifatika kubicuruzwa byayo.
Nibyo, abakora kwisi yose batanga tekinike yizewe cyane, akenshi ikoreshwa nta gusenyuka imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo. Ariko nuwabikoze neza kwisi ntashobora kwemeza ko igikoresho cye gitinda cyangwa nyuma, "ambulance" ntazakenera. Dukurikije imibare, urugero, hafi kimwe cya kane cy'imashini yo gukaraba bicika byibuze rimwe mu myaka itanu yambere yakazi. Witegure rero (byibuze imico) muruzinduko rwa wizard rugomba kuba imbere. Niki ugomba kwitondera, kugura ibikoresho?
Inyandiko zikurikirana?
Guhitamo icyitegererezo ukunda, birashoboka ko ushobora kubigenzura neza kandi urebe neza ko nta byangiritse bigaragara, ibishushanyo, amenyo. Witondere kwemeza ko ibintu byose ari ugukurikirana kandi hamwe ninyandiko ziherekeza. Byuzuye birimo:
Passeport y'ibikoresho;
amabwiriza;
Ikarita ya garanti.
"Icyatsi" cyitwa ibikoresho byazanwe mu gihugu, birenga ku isoko. Urashobora kuyisanga ku nyandiko: Ibi ni impamyabumenyi itashyizwe muri federasiyo y'Uburusiya, ariko, ariko, icyitegererezo mpuzamahanga cyemejwe mu muryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi. Rimwe na rimwe ni nta yandi mabwiriza yo mu kirusiya. Nubwo kurwego rwubu rwiterambere ryibikoresho byo gutoragura ibikoresho bifite icyemezo cyimpimbano cyangwa ikarita ya garanti "imvi" umucuruzi ntazaba.
Kubwibyo, kwitabwaho byimazeyo kurangiza inyandiko zigomba kwishyurwa ikarita ya garanti. Igomba kuzuzwa neza: hamwe numukono wugurisha, kimwe no kwerekana amakuru yose yubuhanga na sosiyete igurisha. Byongeye kandi, mubisanzwe ikubiyemo urutonde rwibigo byemewe bya serivisi (byinshi kubijyanye nibyo, bizaba byiza), bitanga garanti kandi nyuma yamasana.
Ni ngombwa ko itariki yo kugurisha izagaragazwa mu ikarita ya garanti. Ikigaragara ni uko igihe cya garanti cyibicuruzwa, kimwe nubuzima bwa serivisi bwayo bubarwa guhera kumunsi wo kugurisha. Niba uyu munsi udashoboka, igihe kirageze kuva gukora igikoresho. AeSli icyitegererezo wahisemo ntabwo ari shyashya, noneho utagaragaza itariki yo kugurisha, igihe cya garanti kirashobora kugabanuka cyane.
Uyu munsi, amategeko y'Uburusiya aradushoboza gutanga ibicuruzwa kubakora gusa, ahubwo bidufasha gukora gusa, ahubwo bidufasha kandi gusangira imiryango ishinga amategeko. Abo "dualism" bitanga umudendezo wo kuyobora hamwe nabacuruzi badafite ubugome bagurisha tekinike "sulver". Reka tuvuge ko umuryango w'ubucuruzi usoza amasezerano yo gukomeza ibikoresho hamwe n'ihembe n'inofe zose ", hanyuma, nk'amahirwe yo kugura. Birashoboka ko tekinike yayo izatangwa. Birashobora kubaho mumyaka itanu "amahembe nanone" biteye ubwoba mu kwibagirwa. Byongeye kandi, kubura umuyoboro mubi wa serivise bituma bituma bifata neza ibikoresho mugihe bimukira muyi mujyi.
Kuki ukeneye guhimba "ingwate yumugurisha"? Ikigaragara ni uko byumvikana mugihe ibicuruzwa bibyara agace gato bifite amahirwe make yo gushyigikira serivisi kubicuruzwa byayo. Ariko mugihe ugura ibikoresho byabakora ibinini binini hamwe numurongo wambere wibigo bya serivisi byemewe cyangwa serivisi zitaziguye, LG na Says), Sony), Goyje (Sloveniya), ibishya mu ikarita ya garanti kuri rog na hoof llc nimpamvu ikomeye yo gutekereza.
Birumvikana ko umugurisha utarangiye ashobora kunyuramo amakarita ya garanti hamwe nizindi nyandiko. Yoo, muriki kibazo umuguzi ntabwo ashobora kumenya impimbano. Hano tuzasaba ikintu kimwe: Kogura imiyoboro minini yubucuruzi izaha agaciro hamwe nizina ryabo. Apodulinity yikintu cyaguzwe irashobora kugenzurwa no kuvugana n'ikigo cya serivisi cya sosiyete ikora no kubamenyesha kode iranga.
Ninde uri muri serivisi y'Uburusiya
Amashyirahamwe atanga serivisi zo kubungabunga ibikoresho byo murugo birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro byinshi:
Ibigo bya serivisi byibikoresho byo murugo abakora hamwe nuburenganzira bwiburyo bwayo (monopoliste-bashinzwe-serivisi);
Ibigo bya Serviriyehemewe;
Ibigo bitemewe.
Ibigo byemewe. Usibye serivisi zitaziguye za bagenzi bacu, hari ibigo bya serivisi byabakora, guhuza ibicuruzwa bitanga ibice nibigize kandi bigana ibiciro byikiruhuko kubice byabacuruzi kubacuruza. Iyi miryango kandi irangiza amasezerano yo gutanga uruhushya rwa serivisi no kugenzura ibikorwa bya serivisi zemewe. Aba nyuma mubyukuri bahagarariye uruganda. Ntabwo bakorera garanti gusa kandi bakomeza gufata neza ikoranabuhanga, ariko kandi barashobora gukora impuguke za tekinike, urugero, kugirango bakore imyanzuro isana kugirango bicike cyangwa bikenera gusimbuka cyangwa gukenera gusimbuza ibintu. Muri icyo gihe ariko, birakwiye ko bikwiriye kwibuka ko ibitekerezo by'impuguke byigenga ku byangiritse ku byangiritse ku mutungo, ingano n'impamvu n'impamvu bifite uburenganzira bwo gutanga imiryango gusa gusa yo gukora ibikorwa byo gusuzuma. Vuga muri ibi, vuga, Biro y'Ubwishyu nyayo cyangwa Ikigo cy'igihugu cya Moscou cyangwa Ikigo nkuru, buringaniye no gutanga ibyemezo (cies cjsc).
Amasezerano yo kwemerera serivisi hagati yumuhuzabikorwa wa serivisi hamwe na serivisi ya serivisi ibinyoma niba uwanyuma yujuje ibisabwa (rimwe na rimwe bikomeye) uruganda. Mubyukuri, amasezerano yo gutanga uburenganzira ni icyemezo cya serivisi yo murwego rwohejuru ya serivisi, nkuko ishobora kwamburwa akazi utagira ikinyabupfura.
Ni ngombwa ko ikigo cya serivisi kidashobora kwemererwa gukoreshwa muburyo bukoreshwa gusa nuwabikoze. Kenshi na kenshi, serivisi imwe yemerewe nabakora benshi. Kubwibyo, guhitamo imitunganyirize, vuga niba ari ikigo cyemewe cyuruganda ukeneye. Inzira yoroshye yo kuvuganaga amahugurwa mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa ku biro bihagarariye Uganda, aho bitererana cyangwa kuvuguruza uruhushya, ariko nabyo bizahita bihuriza hamwe bigenga kandi nkigice cya kimwe Mu mazu akomeye y'ubucuruzi, urugero "M.VIDEO", "amahoro", "tekinork").
Serivisi ishinzwe urugo irashobora kandi gushyirwaho. Ariko ibi ntibisobanura ko inzobere yemewe cyangwa uhagarariye uwabikoze akenewe kugirango ushyire tekinike. Nk'uko amategeko y'Uburusiya abitangaza, ubu bwoko bwa serivisi ntabwo byemewe no gushyiramo no guhuza ibikoresho (usibye ibikoresho bifitanye isano no gutumanaho, n'ibikoresho bigoye) birashobora gusezerana numuntu uwo ari we wese. Gushiraho ishyirwaho ryabakora hamwe na "kwishyiriraho" "ntabwo byahagaritswe niba tekinike itakiriwe.
Serivisi zitabahaye uburenganzira. Naho abandi basigaye (serivisi zitangwa uburenganzira, ba rwiyemezamirimo bigenga na "shobuja gusa"), hanyuma isoko iganje akaduruvayo karangiye. Zimwe muri izi serivisi zatewe nimiryango yubucuruzi (urugero, iduka ryibikoresho) yo kwishyiriraho no gufata neza ibikoresho byagurishijwe hamwe ningwate yuyu muryango. Abandi bakora imirimo yo gusana nyuma yo gukurura abakiriya ibiciro biri hasi kuri serivisi. Nibyiza, icyo cyaha cyo gukomeretsa, hariho uburiganya bugaragara.
Ububiko - Ntugahungabanye!
Gufata imashini imesa yashizweho mu rukuta hamwe na scping imwe yo kwikubita hasi, ntabwo ari itatu;
Kubera iyo mpamvu, umwuzure mu bwiherero wabaye;
Guhumeka ushyushya amazi bitewe no gukoresha gabe ya rubber inzira nyabagendwa aho kuba ibyuma biteganijwe namategeko, amahitamo atatu kugirango habeho iterambere ryibyabaye birashoboka. Icya mbere: Ubunyamiko bwafashe amafaranga, kandi ntuzongera kubibona. Icya kabiri: Umwigisha ni inyangamugayo, ibisobanuro waguze bizasimbuza. Ihitamo riragenda neza, ariko ikiguzi cyo gusana kirimo kugereranywa nabakozi "iburyo", aho inzobere izanye ibice byayo. Hanyuma, uburyo bwa gatatu birashoboka: Umwigisha ni inyangamugayo, ariko ntabwo agufasha kugura ibisobanuro "hamwe nibigega". Nkigisubizo, igiciro cyo gusana kiriyongera cyane kandi kirashobora kugereranwa nigiciro cya serivisi za "ihanaza".
Kubwibyo, mugihe uhisemo ikigo cya serivisi, ugomba kwiga ibipimo gusa bya serivisi zayo, ahubwo ukeneye kandi uburyo bwo gutanga. Niba uvuze ngo: Bati: Databuja azaza, azahitamo kwisuzumisha, kandi uzishakisha, ni byiza kuvugana n'inzobere zikize mu bice by'ibiti. Witondere kumenya neza ko uzishyura ukuri gusanwa, kandi ntabwo ari ugusuzumwa ("mu gitondo cya mugitondo - mu ntebe za nimugoroba").
Serivisi zikabije zemeje sisitemu yicyiciro cya kabiri cya serivisi zabakiriya. Muri uru rubanza, umutware umwe asuzumwa tekinike hanyuma atanga amakuru akora nabi mugutanga. Kuva aho, undi muntu ageze aho: Bizana kandi bigabanya ibisobanuro birambuye. Sisitemu nkiyi iremewe rwose. Iragufasha kugabanya ikiguzi cya parike yibice. Nibyo, afite intege nke: Gupima bidafite igice cyashyizweho, "ubuhumyi" ntabwo buri gihe ari byiza.
Byongeye kandi, muri serivisi zimwe hariho imyitozo yo gukurura masters mumasezerano kumasezerano. Serivisi ikora muri ubu buryo mubyukuri ikora umurimo wo kohereza, kongera kurwanya porogaramu hagati yinzobere. Ku kigo cya serivisi biroroshye kuko bikuraho inshingano zose ziva mu gusana neza. Noneho, mugihe ushyira porogaramu, nibyiza gusobanura niba Masters muri serivisi "wenyine" cyangwa akazi ku myitwarire nka ba rwiyemezamirimo bigenga.
Ntabwo buri kigo cya serivisi gishobora kugura umubare uhagije wibice - Niki dushobora kuvuga kuri shobuja wenyine ?! Kurugero, serivisi "Parike yicyitegererezo" muri societe ya Indesit uyumunsi ifite ibintu birenga 400, urutonde rwuzuye rwibice kuri bo ni 5,000. Ibikoresho byinshi kuri electroltrol-2600 moderi. Niba Serivisi Serivisi yifuza guhatana no kwihanganira itariki yemewe yo kurangiza gusaba (iminsi ibiri kugeza kuri itatu), ububiko bwibice byabigenewe bigomba kugutwara byibuze 1-1,5mln. Nta serivisi ntoya mu mbaraga za "dissest" inke myubashye nta bufasha bw'abakora.
Kuburyo bwo gusana, inyandiko zo kwishyura zigomba gutangwa neza. Izina ryumuryango, izina rya Shebuja, Ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga, icyatera umuhamagaro, imiterere yo gusenyuka, urutonde, ubwoko bwose bwakazi urutonde kandi igiciro cyabo cyanditswe. Witondere neza ko kuzuza Bleakov, nkuko babivuga, satani aryamye.
Amashuri y'Iburasirazuba Amaherezo, turashaka kwibutsa: Iyo imikorere mibi imenyesheje ko ari igikoresho kugirango ukoreshe ibishoboka byose, tekinike irashobora gusimburwa nyuma yigihe cya garanti. Twabwiwe na Otaku muri sosiyete "Serivisi ya Elko-serivisi". Ifunze ba nyiri firigo, aho, nyuma yimyaka irindwi yakazi, plastike muburyo bwa firigo yari yuzuyemo ibice iraboroga. Umupfumu watumiwe wagenzuye igikoresho, wamenye inenge hamwe natiyatorotse hanyuma yandikiye inyandiko yemerewe gusimbuza ibicuruzwa. Ariko ni ngombwa cyane ko inzobere zonyine zikabaho cyangwa ikigo cya serivisi cyemewe nuwabikoze gitangwa mugihe rusange. Niba serivisi yakozwe mu mategeko yose, nta bufatanye bwo gutabara, nyuma hakurikijwe amategeko y'ubu, ibicuruzwa bidakwiye bizasimburwa n'umugurisha cyangwa abakora ubuntu.
Abanditsi bashimira isosiyete "El Ko-Service", ibisabwa bifatika byibigo "ibikoresho byo murugo", electrondolux kubufasha mugutegura ibintu.