Kugenda kw'ubusitani

Ibitekerezo bidahari byo kwisiga no gushushanya imirima: ibikoresho, uburyo bwo guha agaciro inzira "gahunda ya kabiri", kubaka ingazi zo mu busitani.

Ubwubatsi bwo kugaragara bwubuki ahanini biterwa aho nuburyo inzira zashyizwemo. IHURIRO RY'INGENZI RY'INGENZI rigomba guhuzwa ninyubako mu busitani

Inzira nto, nkaho inkingi zurubuga, zirambura urugo n'amarembo muburyo butandukanye bwihishe

Kuva ku mabuye karemano, imiterere cyangwa n'amashusho yose arashobora kwiyongera, gukina no guhuza amabara hamwe nimiterere. Dukurikije Abashinwa, bagenda ibirenge mu nzira aho amabuye ashyirwa ku nkombe, ingirakamaro cyane ku buzima

Umukarambe washyizweho hamwe nibyuho binini hagati yibintu, kurupapuro "Kuraho" Indabyo n'ibimera

Gusiba kwamamaza cobblestione bitera kumva "kuvunika", nubwo muri rusange ibicapo byumuhanda byoroshye

Ilbosco.

Inzira zishushanyijeho ibihingwa byindabyo. Nibyiza kugenda, kurugero, hafi yicyuzi. Imyumuntu hagati yamabuye yatewe ibimera bishoboye gutwara byo kugabanywa

Ku masangano ya kaburimbo ya kaburimbo, ibigize ububuye bidasanzwe, amatafari n'amatafari ya clunker biherereye. Ihuriro risa nibikoresho bitandukanye kandi ryemerewe kwiyoberanya bitagaragara kubitekerezo byitumanaho ryubutaka

Mu ntangiriro za Gicurasi, Intangiriro ya Kamena Uru rubuga ruri hafi yinzu impumuro nziza kandi yasinze inyuhande rwa lili

Mosaic Igikonoshwa cya Mosaic - nacyo cyagabanutse mubunini bwa kare na traurular tiles zigicucu gitandukanye cyubururu kurubuga

Igiti cya Coryy, nubwo ibikoresho bigufi. Cyane bireba kuruhande rwinyubako

Ibyuho hagati yintoki birashobora kuzuzwa cones, isi, amabuye cyangwa ibihingwa bitera

Ubuso, bugizwe rwose na diameter nto, biratangaje. Birakwiye mu busitani hamwe na motif yigihugu, aho ibishusho byibiti byimbaho. Kurikirakurikira, urashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byangiritse nyuma yo kubaka inzu

Ingazi, Moss yavunitse, vuga kubyerekeye imyaka ihamye yubusitani

Naa, yigana ahantu nyaburanga, urutonde rwintambwe yari yuzuye, ntahantu h'imigeri

Ibiti byimbaho ​​byanze bikunze bitera ibigori kurinda kubumba na fungi

Ingano yumukino wa Slable Slay itera injyana idasanzwe

Ubusitani bwa Emosine bukoreshwa kenshi igihe kitaringaniye, "karemano"

Impande z'inzira nyinshi zakomeje byanze bikunze, ndetse no mu busitani bwa nyamasa - kugira ngo amabuye "atavunitse"

Guha igitero cyinzira ya disikuru, hejuru yacyo urashobora gushiraho icyuma cya grille

Inzira z'ubusitani - ibitabo byacu biyobora. Irasabwa inzira yo kwimuka kurubuga, ifasha byihuse kuva mu mfuruka yubusitani nundi, uturere dutandukanye duhurira hamwe, inyubako zose nibintu byukuri.

Inzira n'imihanda ni ishingiro cyangwa, nkuko abahanga bavuga, "skeleton" yibisubizo byose byubwubatsi no gutegura igisubizo cyurubuga. Umuyoboro wumuhanda urasabwa gutegura hakiri kare, ndetse no ku gishushanyo cya nyaburanga (porogaramu za mudasobwa zigezweho zigufasha kwiyumvisha isura y'ubusitani ubwo aribwo bwose). Tanga ahantu hasuwe cyane; Tekereza aho ugiye gutwara igare, witwaze umurima barbell cyangwa ngo uzunguruke mu kato hamwe numwana muto, kandi ahantu runaka kugirango ufate wenyine. Hitamo inzira zizakoreshwa buri gihe, kandi mugihe cyigihe (kurugero, gusa mu cyi). Kuri buri kibazo cyihariye, ibikoresho bidasanzwe byatoranijwe, kontour yashushanijwe kandi igishushanyo mbonera cyakozwe. Iyo ushushanya inzira n'ibisobanuro, birakenewe kwita kubutaka no kwemeza ko amazi yihuta mugihe cyimvura (kubogama kwubuso bigomba kuba byibuze 0.03, cyangwa 2). Hanze, inzira zubusitani ziroroshye kandi zitoroshye, ariko ukuroga bigaragara gusa: hamwe numuryango ukwiye, ni imiterere yubuhanga.

Murugo Makoro

Umuhanda uyobora uva ku irembo (cyangwa kuva kuri wiketi) kugera ku muryango mukuru w'inzu ufatwa nk'uwo nyamukuru. Nicyo gikomeye kandi "". Niba hari igaraje yimodoka kurubuga, umuhanda cyangwa ishami ryayo nabyo birakwiriye. Kumuhanda munini, ibintu biramba kandi bifatika birakoreshwa. Nk'itegeko, haba igishushanyo mbonera cya monolithique (beto cyangwa asfalt cyangwa asfalt), cyangwa guhanagura (imyenda irashobora guhitamo "imyenda" itandukanye - amatafari, amatafari, guhana amatako).

Umuhanda wa monolitte meto nibyiza kuko birashobora guhabwa ifishi iyo ari yo yose, umurongo utoroshye wa curvilinear. Gukora ishyaka nk'iryo, "inkono" hamwe na cm ya cm 10-15, umusego w'imiguru uva mu matongo afite umusego w'imisego 6-8cm kumurongo wayo. Ku mpande z'iyi tray, imiterere y'ibiti yashizwemo, aho kuvanga intara noneho isukwa. Gukomera kubanyaga, hejuru yimvugo rimwe na rimwe byashyizeho umuhanda udasanzwe. Ukurikije imitwaro igomba kugerageza umuhanda munini (niba abantu bazagenda cyangwa bagendera mumodoka), koresha beto yubucucike butandukanye. Imvange-mvange yisumbuye yiteguye kuva sima, umucanga wuzuye kandi amatongo arenze urugero rwa 1: 3: 2. Imbaraga nke zongera ibirindiro.

Kugirango ukemure ahantu heza (umuhanda mugari, urugo cyangwa urubuga hafi ya garage), imirongo hafi ya garage), ibice ntabwo byakozwe, birakenewe kugirango "Birakenewe gutondekanya" ubushyuhe butajyanye na ". Ubunini bw'ikiryo hagati yabo biterwa nibintu byinshi kandi ni kuva kuri 1.5 kugeza kuri 6m. Ubuso bwimyenda ya beto burashobora kuba butandukanye cyane: neza, bubi, kwigana amatafari cyangwa amatafari yamabuye. Ikariso ya Ashalt murubuga rwubusitani yashyizwe gake cyane.

Inzira iva mu bijura bisanzwe. Munsi ya vase nintebe, byihuse amabuye ya kaburimbo

Icyatsi gikura ku mpande z'umuhanda no guca mu kayira ka intercutric, kubyutsa amabuye akomeye

Ububiko bwa clunker Amatafari - Imwe munzira gakondo yo gukora imirima nimbuga

Umuhanda munini urashobora kwitondera ibisasu bya beto, ibuye (guhagarika granite, balt cyangwa ibisimba bisimba cyangwa amabati y'ibihimbano), amatafari. Izi npopite zose zitwara cyane. Kuri bo, birasabwa kandi gutegura umusego wamaguru, ubunini bwayo biterwa nintego yumuhanda wa Cannon. Mbere ya byose, bacukura "inkono" yimbitse kuva 15 kugeza 30-50CM, hepfo yahujwe na tram. Hano hari urwego rwimyanda ifite ubunini bwa cm 5-15 (mubisanzwe ikoreshwa agace kato 15-20mm), hejuru yumucanga wa vebble, na bo bahuje kandi bakamuwe. Kuri track ntoya yamashanyarazi ku butaka butarimo ubusa, umusego w'umusenyi umwe ufite ubunini bwa cm 10 zirashobora kuba bihagije. Imanza zikabije, cyane cyane ku butaka butunganijwe, hepfo n'inkuta z '"inkono" zirasabwa ngo hasengerwa geotextile. Ibi bikoresho, ntabwo byagejejeho kubora, ingaruka za fungi, kubumba hamwe nubufatanye butandukanye, gukora imirimo myinshi icyarimwe. Irinda imiyoboro ivanze yumuyoboro wumuyoboro hamwe nubutaka bwababyeyi, irinda hejuru yumuhanda kuva mumizi ikura ibimera.

Ibyiciro byo kubaka "intambwe yintambwe" hagati ya mose.
Umwenda wa Polyplene washyizwe kumusego wuzuye umusego wuzuye, utungaza imikurire ya nyakatsi. Noneho, kumusego muto wumusenyi, Tile yashyizweho (a), ubuso burimo ubukwe kandi mukarere kacyo hose kurambika mu ishyamba (b, B).

Ukurikije uburyo bwo gushyira ibintu kumurongo shingiro birashobora kuba "byumye" cyangwa "bitose." Hamwe na "Kuma" amatafari, amatafari, amabuye cyangwa gushushanya ibijumba byashyizwe mu buryo butaziguye no gukandagira. Ubundi buryo ni ukuryamiye kuri sima zubamye-uruvange ruvanze, hanyuma nyuma yo gushiramo amazi n'amazi. Guhuza ibitandukanye muburyo nibara ryibintu bikwemerera kubona ubwinshi bwibishushanyo byo guhana. Amababi atandukanye ahujwe: kurugero, shyiramo amabuye karemano, ibirahure byanduye, amabuye ya marable, amabuye yinyanja cyangwa pobble yinyanja cyangwa polymers anyongera kugirango ahene. Ibikoresho byubusa mumuhanda, byuzuye ibisate binini byamabuye, birashobora kuzura amabuye mato.

Paving ukoresheje igisubizo cya Masonry ("itose") asa nububiko busanzwe. Igisubizo gikoreshwa haba kumurongo wo hasi wamatafari ubwayo, kugata cyangwa amabuye tile, cyangwa kuruhande rwateguwe (ahantu h'imibare) hanyuma "shora" ibintu byo guhanga. Ihemu hagati yabo, niba ari nini bihagije, irashobora kuzuzwa igisubizo cyububiko cyangwa, kimwe n '"yumye", imvange-sandy imvange, noneho iravanze. Igihe cyigihe cyizuba-cyizuba kizerekana uburyo imirimo yose yo kubaka yakozwe. Igihe cyimvura gishya ku nzira itegurwa nabi inzira yananiwe, kubyimba, cyangwa gusa "amababi" gusa kuruhande.

Gahunda y'amashanyarazi yatanzwe na Net-Techgents (Uburusiya). Ibintu (bibiri, bitatu, bine ndetse birenze) bihujwe nubunini butandukanye. Ibihimbano bidasanzwe, bigereranywa rimwe na rimwe n'imitako igoye, bihindura inzira, bituma bidasanzwe, bitandukanye nabandi.

Abasa na Meridian

Kuva munzira nyabagendwa mubyerekezo bitandukanye ni inzira nto, kandi muri bo ni izindi nzira nto. Byemezwa ko niba umuntu umwe yimukiye munzira, ubugari bwayo bugomba kuba cm 60-80. Adlya kugirango yoroherwe no gutatanya kabiri- kuva kuri cm 120.

Inzira ya "Gahunda ya kabiri" irashobora gukorwa mubikoresho bimwe nkibyingenzi, ariko akenshi hariho amabuye, gusa hasigaye ibishishwa, byuzuyemo ibishishwa byihariye byo kuzunguruka (byose Ibi bice byitwa "byoroheje"), cyangwa bivuye mu giti. Nibyo, gutandukana nibikoresho birateganijwe cyane. Umuhanda wo guhunga mu busitani urashobora gutereshya cyangwa ibiti, niba imodoka zitanyuzemo.

Byemezwa ko gutwika amabuye arimwe mu bihe bihendutse n'ibihaha mu gikoresho. Ubwa mbere, kimwe no guhanga, bategura ishingiro ryamatongo n'umucanga - haba bafite intego yo gucukumbura "inkono", cyangwa ku isi. Ku rubanza rwa kabiri, ku nkombe z'umuhanda, umupaka w'ibuye cyangwa amatafari bishimangira byanze bikunze, kugira ngo amabuye "atacitse intege." Imipaka kandi igandukira (ubusanzwe ikozwe mubyuma, gake cyane mu biti cyangwa plastike) biracyakenewe mu rwego rwo gukumira "exconent" mu mategeko akikije no kuryama. Basinziriye inzira nkiyi hamwe namabuye ya mabuye cyangwa yajanjaguwe ya 10-20mm muri diameter. Gutwika amabuye bisaba kwitaho. Hasi y "inkono" zishyirwa na Polypropylene tissue, izafasha kurwanya ibyatsi, bikaranyuza binyuze mubucukuzi buturuka hasi. Ibyatsi bibi, gushinga imizi muri kaburimbo ubwabyo, bigomba kumeneka intoki. Imyanda mito irashobora gukurwaho hamwe nubufasha bwabafana cyangwa isuku ya vacuum, ariko mugihe cyitumba biragoye gusukura inzira nkiyi kuva urubura na barafu. Rimwe buri myaka ibiri cyangwa itatu, iravugururwa, urwego rushya rwa kamere ruravugururwa.

Gutanga gakuru birasa neza cyane ku nkombe z'amazi adaterwa n'ibimera. Shyiramo amabuye yijimye yijimye atandukanijwe nubuso nyamukuru hamwe na "umupaka" wimbaho

Kwinjizamo ibice bito bifasha kwisubiraho hejuru, kaburimwe nisahani. Umuhanda washyizwe mumirongo itatu - nkaho inzira nshya yambuka umuhanda munini cyane. Hafi ya vasemos zishyizwe hafi yumuzingi

Hortes.

VVDA irashobora gushyirwa na Parquet-idasanzwe (Hortus, UBUTALIYANI). Ikozwe mu bwoko bw'ibiti, irwanya kubora no gukomera kugeza kuri -25c: Iroquo, ipe na Tika. Tile 30030030 cyangwa 60030037mm ihujwe hagati yacu hamwe na latch

Kimwe mubintu bishimishije ni igiti (kubice, Land isanzwe ikoreshwa; ni ngombwa ko byumye neza). Birumvikana ko igiti kidahera cyane nka beto cyangwa ibuye. Ariko mugihe cyo gutunganya ibintu bidasanzwe byo kurwanya impinduramatwara ukora imyaka 10. Saba na Pine: birahendutse, ariko nanone "ubuzima bwagaciro" buke (kugeza ku myaka 5). Urashobora gukora uburyo butandukanye bwo gushushanya ukoresheje imbaho ​​cyangwa disikuru. Ibiti bihujwe neza nibindi bice. Bitewe nuko bikurura neza, inzira y'ibiti zihora zishyirwa ku biganza. Ntabwo basabwe gutegura ahantu hamwe nubushuhe bukabije.

Inzira zishushanyije aho kugenda bitakabije, urashobora kubyutsa icyatsi. Kubwibyo, uruvange rurumbuka rwibice bingana bya turf, peat numucanga birahunika bishyirwa mububiko bunini. Ibimera byo gushushanya nibyatsi byatewe hano, ugereranije byoroshye gukora cyane. Ubu ni ACENNA, inzitizi (Ubwoko butandukanye, Urugereko, ntabwo ari amababi meza cyane), ubwoko bw'imizigo (cyane cyane mu bwoko bw'ibicucu (urugero, imvugo itandukanye), Mas zitandukanye . Ifirimbi yegereye impande zinzira zirashobora kwizirika kumoko antike, antike, cuffs.

Igiciro cyuruhande rwumuhanda kigizwe nibigize bitatu: ibiciro byibikoresho byumusego wamazi, gutwikira no gukora. Imwe mumahitamo ihendutse - umuhanda wa kaburimbo, uzagutwara amafaranga agera kuri 600. kuri 1h2; pavement tardom - kuva 800Rub .; Guhaga panase - kuva 1000. Uburyo buhenze cyane bwo kwangirika no gutabara clunker amatafari na granite (kuva ku 2000 kuringaniza kuri 1m2). Ikinini kinini muri rusange cyumuhanda, hepfo ikiguzi cya metero kare.

Ukurikije inzira hafi ya yose yubusitani, hari umusego wamaguru wamaguru n'umucanga. Ubunini bwa buri gice giterwa n'ubwoko bw'ubutaka, bivugwa ko imitwaro ivugwa ku gipfukisho cy'umuhanda n'ubushobozi bwamafaranga yabakiriya. Ku butaka buturika, ruswa igomba gushyirwaho. Kuruhande rwimpande, bakubise ibiti, amatafari cyangwa amata yicyuma. Iyanyuma ntabwo iremerewe kandi nziza kumirongo yubusa.

Ingazi mu busitani

Ingazi zikunze kuboneka mu turere - birakenewe mu busitani buherereye ku nzego nyinshi aho hantu hatandukanye-ubundi buryo bwo hejuru (mu nyamaswa hamwe no kubogama hejuru birenga 0.1, cyangwa 6). Bafashwe mugihe bakeneye kuzamura amaterasi cyangwa kumanuka kuri patio. Kugirango byoroshye kugenda, ni ngombwa gutegura neza aho ingazi zubusitani, kubara umubare wintambwe, ubugari bwa sticki (indege itambitse (uburebure bwindege ya Riser (ihagaritse. . Ubusitani busanzwe bukorwa nubwitonzi. Nibyiza nuburebure bwa cm ya ruseri 12-15 nubugari bwa sticking kuva 30cm. Umubare w'intambwe urashobora kuva muri 3-4 kugeza 10-15. Ibyumweru bibiri byamata birebire bitondekanya urubuga rwimyidagaduro cyangwa urubuga rwo kwidagadura. Intambwe zigomba no no kutanyurwa. Ntabwo bisabwe kubaka abadamu, kubara bitarenze intambwe eshatu, - Abashyitsi kuri bo bakunze kwibagirwa (cyangwa ntibabimenye), kandi ba nyirabyo ubwabo bazatsitara. Ubugari ntarengwa bwintambwe, byoroshye kugenda, ni 90cm. Kenshi na kenshi, ubugari bwabo buhuye nikimenyetso kisa cyerekana inzira yegeranye.

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwintambwe zubusitani, abitwa kwinjizwa kandi bafite umudendezo. Ingazi z'ubwoko bwa mbere "gukata" mu buryo butaziguye ahantu h'ubutaka (bizera ko byoroshye kubiyubakira), no ku nkunga ya kabiri, ikorera ishingiro ryihariye, akenshi zishimangirwa. Gushushanya ingazi, nk'inzira, ibikoresho bitandukanye birakoreshwa: ibiti (imbaho ​​cyangwa spike), amatafari, amatafari, amabuye y'agaciro, amabuye y'agaciro, amabuye y'agaciro, amabuye y'agaciro, amabuye y'agaciro, Flate , ku buryo bukabije. Kenshi guhitamo ibikoresho bimwe inzira na platifomu byegeranye nintambwe. Ku buryo bunyuranye, urashobora gufata ibara nuburyo butandukanye. Rimwe na rimwe ubutaka (cyangwa ku isi) bubatswe.

Intambwe zingana zirimo amabuye kandi zikomezwa namabuye yimiterere itari yo, mbega byinshi muri ubu busitani bwamashusho

Abadamu bateje neza ba nyabuto hamwe nibihuru bigufi urugi rusanzwe kubusitani busanzwe

Urwego ruturutse mubiti binini byimbaho ​​byashyizwe kumurongo

Umuntu ku giti cye

Hariho ibitekerezo byabicuruzwa, bikaba byashyizwe kumurongo ugororotse, nintera ngufi hagati yibintu, ntabwo buri gihe bihurira nukuri. Byose biterwa numuryango wibindi bintu no muburyo. Birumvikana ko "abakozi" hagati yigitanda, birumvikana ko bigomba kuba byoroshye. Muri Mata inzira buri gihe nibyiza gukora hamwe na Blow, bigatuma abashyitsi banyura muri zone imwe yubusitani bajya mu rindi, kugira ngo batungure, amabanga, ahindure umwuka wawe. Byemezwa ko amatsinda yinzira, guhinduranya ahantu hafunze kandi hafunguye hamwe nubundi buryo bwongera umwanya wubusitani, nubwo agace gato kubera inzoka yo kuzamuka izareba munsi.

Ubusitani bwa buri munsi, aho nuburyo bwinshi buri gihe, hariho inzira zitandukanye. Muri byo harimo amashusho asobanutse kandi aranga cyane. Rero, ntakindi kimenyekana kuruta amabara asanzwe: imirongo igororotse, ikora muburyo butandukanye kuva kurubuga rwagati kandi nkaho ihabwa ukurikije umutegetsi. Bagabana ibiti n'ibihuru, ibitanda byindabyo na nyakatsi ku bice bya geometrike. Duhereye kubikoresho hano ni byose: no guhanagura amatafari cyangwa amatafari, na monolitte tanga beto, ndetse ninzira nyabaswa, ndetse no gusa. Inzira yinzira irarengerwa, kuri bo nini ikunze gukoresha ibipapuro, kaburimbo kama cyangwa amabuye karemano. Kuva mu busitani bw'Ubuyapani, inzira "ibuye" yagaragaye mu busitani bw'Ubuyapani: Mugihe wubatse amabuye manini kure yintambwe hagati yabo, abagira mu gisozi. Ahantu h'ibice bya Mediterane bizwi cyane ku nsanganyamatsiko z'amabuye n'umugenzo bito byinjijwe muri sima. Mu nzira hafi y'inzu yo mu cyaro, igiti, amatafari, ibuye risanzwe, gusubiramo ibara n'imiterere y'ibikoresho, birakwiriye, uhereye ku nyubako zikikije.

Igice kiri hagati yigitanda kigomba kuba kigororotse kandi gikabije bihagije kugirango utware imodoka yubusitani hano. Amahitamo yo gushushanya inzira "ikora" ishyirwaho: Birashobora kuba ubwatsi busanzwe, pating, amasahani yashyizwe kumurongo wuzura. Guhitamo "Hard", tekereza kuri gahunda yo kwimura burundu inzira nkizo zigoye

Ingazi ziterwa n'ahantu na kamere y'ubusitani biratandukanye cyane. Hafi yimbere yimbere yinzu bafite imbaraga - yagutse, igororotse. Ubikore muri plate cyangwa amatafari. Inguni zirimo habaye ibitari "screw" ingazi. Ikoresha ibikoresho bisanzwe inshuro nyinshi: Birashobora kuba igishushanyo mbonera cyimbaho ​​ziti, kwizirika kwayo bitwikiriwe n'amabuye cyangwa shale crumb. Abategarugori b'umwimerere bashyizwe mu butaka: Intambwe zabo nto ziherereye mu rutonde rwa Chess, basa nkaho bakura mu butaka n'indabyo n'ibimera.

Abanditsi bashimira sosiyete Ilbosco, ZSC-1, "Nevva-Tekhnogen", "stroymaster" kugirango afashe mugutegura ibintu.