Kugura igikoni nikibazo cyuzuye, ariko ntibyoroshye. Ibice byemewe byikibazo: Umwanzuro wamasezerano hagati yumugurisha nuwagushinzwe.
Guhaha ni byiza. Cyane cyane, ubwiza kandi bwimibare, nka, kurugero, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni. Nibyiza, ni uwuhe mugore utarigeze arota "igikoni cye"! Hamwe nububiko bwiza n'amasanduku, aho buri kintu kiri aho hagenewe. Umuyobozi w'ikigo yatoranijwe, ibipimo by'icyumba byarakozwe, umushinga wo gushushanya warashushanyije kandi wemeze, kandi vuba cyane ... igihe kirageze cyo kubwira amarangamutima yawe "Hagarara!". N'ubundi kandi, winjije uwabitanze mumibanire yagengwa ninyandiko nyinshi zishinga amategeko.
Ikintu mugihe kizaza akenshi ibibazo bivuka no kutumvikana bireba igihe cyo gutanga gahunda. Ntabwo buri gihe ntarengwa (kandi nini cyane - kuva kimwe nigice kugeza kumezi atatu) nukuri. Rimwe na rimwe, ni ibinyoma abizi, kandi abagurisha ubwabo barabizi. Urashobora kubaza ikibazo cyumvikana cyane: Kubera iki? Igisubizo cyerekana. Uzategereza amezi 4- 5-5 cyangwa ubaze indi sosiyete, hamwe nigihe cyo kubyara gito? Kubera ko uyu munsi utanga igikoni urenze cyane ibisabwa, kuri buri muguzi hari urugamba. Nibyo, rimwe na rimwe ntabwo ari inzira zukuri. Ava Ntukemere ko ushuka! Mbere yo gusinya amasezerano, baza uburyo igikwiye cyo gutanga ari ukuri. Ahari uzabona igisubizo cyimbitse, bavuga ngo, Uruganda rufite ibicuruzwa byinshi nigihe ntarengwa cyo kwicwa gishobora "gutinda". Niba bidakugiriye isoni, kandi icyifuzo cyo gukorana niyi sosiyete ntikizashira, baza uko wishyura umunsi wose warengeje igihe. Amategeko "Uburenganzira bw'umuguzi" avuga ko bidahwitse: "Iyo habaye ukubangamira igihe ntarengwa cyagenwe cyo gukora imirimo (gutanga serivisi), umushinga wa serivisi witwa buri munsi wo gutinza igihano (ibihano) mu gihe cya 3 % by'imikorere y'akazi (gutanga serivisi), kandi niba ikiguzi cyo gukora akazi (gutanga serivisi) ku buryo bw'amasezerano ku mikorere y'akazi (gutanga serivisi) ntabwo byagenwe - igiciro cyose cy'itegeko. " Ariko, mu buryo burimo ibigo byo mu nzu hamwe n'umuguzi, birashobora kumenya izindi mibare. Kurugero: "Iyo ugurisha yananiwe kuba igihe cyagenwe nigika cya 2.2 cyamasezerano, ugurisha yishyura umuguzi igihano cya 0.1% yigiciro cyibicuruzwa. Ariko ntabwo birenga 5% bya igiciro cy'ibicuruzwa. " Emera, 0.1% ntabwo ari 3% byerekanwe mumategeko. Ariko, ntabwo bikwiye guhangayikishwa nibi. Urashobora gusinya neza amasezerano, kuko mugihe birenga igihe cyakazi nubujurire bwawe, igihano kizakomeza gufatwa ku giciro cya 3% ku munsi. Dukurikije ingingo16 y'amategeko "uburenganzira bw'umuguzi" n'ingingo ya 20100 muri Kodecarf y'imbonezamubano, ingingo z'amasezerano, ku burenganzira bw'umuguzi ugereranije n'amategeko cyangwa atoza yemewe mu rwego rwo kurengera abaguzi, ntibyemewe .
Koryagin Alexey Evgenievich, Umuyobozi mukuru w'Uburenganzira bw'Uburenganzira bw'umuguzi "
"Wibuke ko no gutinda gato mugihe ibikoresho byawe nimpamvu yo guhangayika uko ibintu bimeze muri gasutamo, ubwinshi bwuruganda abitegeka.p. - ntabwo Tanga kwemeza, gukora neza kandi uhindure umubano wawe kurwego rusanzwe, kwerekana ibyanditswe. Ugomba no kwishura kumugaragaro.
Ingona zibagirwa - umaze kwishyura kandi, bivuze ko ufite uburenganzira bwo gusohoza inshingano zuzuye ninshingano.
Ibitaro, ku isoko yo mu nzu Ababuranyi benshi bavuga munsi ya fuise y'ibigo bikomeye. Rero, nko mu mwaka ushize, umuzimu-umuzimu, wagize uruhare mu bitarutu mu Butaliyani, yamenyesheje ibikoresho, - Abasicovites nka salovite zimwe "selonsi" iyobowe na Umuyobozi mukuru Andrei Sishlov. Uyu musore utagira ingaruka ku yashutse abantu bahagije kugirango abahishe ubu iminsi ye irangiye. Nta gutabwa ibikoresho, ariko, ntabwo byakozwe Bwana Shishlov. Yafunguye amasoko abiri, harimo n'umuhanda wa Pokrovka, 6, kandi, ashyira amatangazo mu binyamakuru bihenze cyane, yatangiye kuba inzobere mu murivu. Bamaze gukusanya amafaranga abenegihugu bafite amafaranga bivugwa ko ibikoresho, Shishlov yabanje gufunga imitwe hamwe n'ibisobanuro by'igicu, hanyuma bibura na gato. Amafaranga aho leta yatandukanije yari nyinshi cyane. Mu buryo bworoheje abantu bagera kuri 25 bababajwe n'ibihumbi 500. Izmailovsky yujuje ibirego byabahohotewe bitarenze igice cya miliyoni. Ibitaro, amafaranga ya Bwana Shishlov, ntibishoboka kubona.
Sishlov ubwe, agenda igihe runaka "hepfo" no gutuza gato, afata iyakera. Yafunguye ikigo munsi yizina ritandukanye, yakuyeho icyumba kuri Lukyanka, atangira "ubucuruzi" ibikoresho. "
Ikibazo gikurikira ushobora guhura niki nikibazo cyiza: Ikosa ryo gupima, gushyingirwa mugikorwa, ibishushanyo, nibindi nkibyo. Ibi byose bigaragaye nyuma yigikoni kigejejwe kubakiriya munzu. Ongera usubiremo "Uburenganzira bw'umuguzi" kuri ibyo, ibikurikira hagira hati: "Umuguzi iyo ibitandukanye by'akazi byakozwe (byatanzwe) biboneka mu guhitamo ibisabwa:
- Kurandura bidafite amakosa yimirimo byakozwe (serivisi yatanzwe);
- Kugabanuka bikwiye mugiciro cyakazi cyuzuye (serivisi zitangwa);
- Gukurura gukora ikindi kintu mubintu bimwe na bimwe byimiterere cyangwa byongeye gukora akazi. Muri icyo gihe, abaguzi bagomba gusubiza ikintu mberemuwe;
- Gusubizwa amafaranga yakoreshejwe nabyo kugirango akureho amakosa yakazi kakozwe (serivisi yatanzwe) ku bandi bantu. "
Nyuma yo gutanga ibicuruzwa kubaguzi mugihe habaye ikibazo cyubukwe, ugurisha ategekwa kumafaranga ye kugirango atange ibicuruzwa mububiko, hanyuma utanga isoko. Ubugari bwamasezerano ntabwo bwerekanwe, ariko "bivuze." Kugirango wirinde ingorane mugihe kizaza, turagugira inama yo kugera kubijyanye no gushyiraho neza iyi ngingo mumasezerano.
Iyo wakiriye itegeko, hashobora rimwe na rimwe gufatwa no kubura ibice byihariye: Plinths, Knobs, birananirana.p. Kubwibyo, birakenewe kwitondera niba hari ingingo ku gihe ntarengwa cyo gukuraho amakosa nuburyo bisobanurwa (igihe rusange mumasezerano cyagenwe kubwibi, iminsi 60). Turagugira inama yo kumenyana n'ingingo ya 30 y'amategeko "uburenganzira bw'abaguzi", agira ati: "Ingaruka z'akazi (serivisi) zigomba kuvanwa n'umuguzi. Ibitagenda neza byagenwe n'umuguzi byerekanwa Mu masezerano cyangwa muyindi nyandiko yiyandikishije n'ababuranyi. Kubituruka ku muhanzi watanzwe kubaguzi kuri buri munsi wo gutinda gukuraho ibitangwaho akazi (serivisi zitangwa) kuri buri munsi wo gutinda, umubare nuburyo bwa Kubara bigenwa hakurikijwe igika cya 5 cy'ingingo ya 26 y'iri tegeko "(ibi ni byo bihanishwa kimwe, nko kurenga igihe cyo kubyara).
Victoria Kokhova, Umuyobozi wa Trejd Imbere LLC
Ati: "Mu bihugu bishinzwe kubara" ibintu bidasanzwe ", ubusanzwe twihuye n'imiterere iyo ari yo yose. Kurugero, umwe mubakiriya bacu yategetse ko habaho ibipimo bidasanzwe. Yasale, ko uruganda rwiteguye gukora itegeko nkiryo , ariko nta biciro byabigenewe. Kubwibyo, muburyo bwihariye "twakoze ikintu giciro cyose cyamasezerano kimaze guhinduka kumasoko yo mu Budage. Dufite icyifuzo cyo kuhagera mu Budage. Dufite icyifuzo kugura undi mukiriya hamwe nigikoni kugirango ubone tekinike ya bosch, ariko yakusanyije gusa mubudage. "
Ugomba kandi kubaza uburyo gahunda izatangwa. Ubucuruzi bwinshi bwa Moscou bwarimo mu gikoni atanga ibicuruzwa kubuntu mumuhanda wa Moscou. Ariko birashoboka muburyo butandukanye, gutanga bikorwa haba kubakiriya bigenga cyangwa iduka, ariko byishyurwa nkumwanya winyongera. Ukwayo, iteraniro ry'ibikoresho naryo ryishyuwe. Mubisanzwe aya mafranga ni 3% yikiguzi cyose cyamasezerano. Ariko, hariho ibitavuzwe. Kurugero, niba nawe ugura ibikoresho byubatswe hamwe nibikoresho, noneho uruganda rwumugurisha rurashobora kuguha kugabanywa muburyo bwinteko yubuntu. Niba utarangije kugabanyirizwa, turagira inama yo kudakiza no kutizera iki gikorwa gito kandi kitoroshye "kimenyerewe cyangwa umuturanyi. Nkuko imyitozo yerekana, ibyo kuzigama birashobora guhinduka nabi.
Ku iteraniro rya garanti itandukanye, nk'ubutegetsi, oya. Naho garanti ku bikoresho, igihe ntarengwa kiratandukanye: kuva ku myaka 1 kugeza kuri 5, ugereranije n'impuruza. Imyitozo yo mu Burayi izwi cyane cy'Uburayi ni garanti nini, kuva ku myaka 5 kugeza kuri 20. Passeport ya garanti isanzwe itangwa gusa kubikoresho byo gukora murugo. Gutega amatwi kugura umutwe watumijwe mu mahanga igihe cyarangwa kigaragazwa mu masezerano. Ariko, ntabwo buri gihe, bityo rero mugihe hatabaho iki kintu mu masezerano bigomba gusabwa garanti no gusaba gukora aya makuru muri ayo masezerano.
Witondere kubara "igikorwa cyo kwakira ibicuruzwa". Uzuza nyuma yo gusubiramo byimazeyo mugitangiriro cyamaze guterana. Ukimara gushyira umukono kuri iki gishushanyo, kugirango urengere uburenganzira bwawe mugihe cyo kumenya ibibi byose bizaba bigoye.
Niba Inteko yo mu gikoni ikora hafi ya buri sosiyete yose yo kwiyubaha, kwishyiriraho no guhuza ibikoresho byo mu gikoni biri kure ya byose. Kugirango ukore ibi, isosiyete igomba kuba ifite icyemezo cyihariye. Niba isosiyete aho ugura ibikoresho, irahari, noneho ugomba gutumira ba shebuja kuruhande. Menyesha ibyiza mubigo bya serivisi bya serivisi bitanga tekinike yikirango gikwiye.
Mubisanzwe, amasezerano nayo afite igishushanyo "kidasanzwe", ushobora gukenera kuzuzwa.
Ni ngombwa kandi kandi ikibazo cyo kwishyura kubicuruzwa. Amasezerano ya fagitire arasa nkiyi: "50 (mirongo itanu) igiciro cyumuguzi yishyura iminsi 7 yiminsi mike isinya aya masezerano, 50 (mirongo itanu (muminsi 7 yamabanwa kuva itariki yo kumenyeshwa Inyemezabwishyu y'ibicuruzwa mububiko bwumugurisha. Kwishura 50% gusa, komeza ibimenyetso byinshi by'umucuruzi: "Yego, ni iki gihari kuri banki inshuro ebyiri, nishyura byose!". Nta na kimwe gikora ibi. Ubwishingizi bwa 50% isigaye mubibazo byose bitunguranye, guhera hamwe nigihe cyo kubyara no kurangizwa no kubura firime.
Rero, nkuko byashobokaga kumenya neza, kugura igikoni - nubwo bishimishije, ariko ntibyoroshye. By the way, uyu mwaka, umunsi w'abaguzi ku isi witangiye amakuru ku bicuruzwa, akazi, serivisi nk'ishingiro ryo gushyira mu bikorwa uburenganzira bw'abaguzi guhitamo. Shyira mu bikorwa uburenganzira bwawe, kandi uhitemo uguhitamo!
Abanditsi barakoze "ikigo c'Uburenganzira bw'umuguzi" na Sitidiyo yo gushushanya "Ubucuruzi bw'imbere" bwo gufasha mugutegura ibikoresho.