Ibisabwa byibanze kugirango ducukure imyobo munsi yo kurambika umugozi wamashanyarazi bikorwa ukoresheje compressor hamwe na jackhammer, kimwe nintoki
Umugozi wundi udashaka kuva ku kigobe, cyangwa kuva kuri pail kuri traile igendanwa
Ibice by'ibisimbo bifunze hamwe na kashe ya rdse ikurya (rychem) yuzuye ku kashe. Mugihe utwikiriye kashe bituma kwinjira mu mazi
Iyo wubahirije ikoranabuhanga ryo kwishyiriraho umurongo wubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose, gukomera kw'inyavu igihe kirekire byemejwe. Kwinjiza uruzitiro rwuzuza ni byoroshye cyane
Ubusanzwe, kashe y'ibanze ikorwa n'uruvange rw'umucanga, sima n'ibumba.
Amashanyarazi ya Gel akoreshwa muguhuza, amashami no gusana inkwi hamwe namakuru ya plastike nta ntwaro (andika VG, AVVG, PVG, N (a) Yby Idr.). Gel Silicone afite ubushishozi bwiza na hydrostitabindi
Kubaka Inkomoko "Iterambere"
Gukoresha amashanyarazi muburyo bwo guturamo buri muntu burakura kuva kumwaka kugeza mumwaka. Iterambere rya tekiniki riheruka riza mu mpinduka zumuco na tekiniki zishaje za kabili hamwe na tekiniki, bitumangera kongera imikorere myiza, kwizerwa n'umutekano byimiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, bigana ubuzima bwabo bwa serivisi
Umugozi. Ninde?
Amashanyarazi yinjira munzu ku nsinga umurongo wohereza amashanyarazi cyangwa umugozi washyizwe mubutaka. Uburyo bwo Kwinjiza amashanyarazi mu nyubako cyangwa umugozi, bikemura umuryango utanga ingufu mu bufatanye na nyir'uburaro. Inyungu kubasomyi nuko insinga zitandukanye zinzego zigezweho ziherutse kuvugururwa hamwe nibirango bishya, ibiranga ni byiza kubatandukanya na prototypes. Uburyo bwo kurambika inzu yinsingabiti hamwe ninsinga uhereye kumurimo wa transformateur wuzuye (KTP) cyangwa umutego w'ikideko, kwakira amasano yahinduwe.
Umuyoboro winjira mumashanyarazi mu nyubako aragufasha gukora udafite ibiti cyangwa bifatika bidahuye neza muburyo buhuze nubutaka. Mugihe kimwe, ibi bihenze ugereranije nuburyo bwo kwinjizamo amazu yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, kugeza vuba aha, insike yinjira mu kwizerwa yari hasi cyane. Inkweto za voltage yo hasi kandi ziciriritse) Igishushanyo gakondo cyagabye nabi kubijyanye no kwiyongera no kwishyira ubutaka, inzinguzingo zibintu byubushake no gukonja no kwiyika. Gutega amatwi kugabanuka no guhungabanya insinga zikomeye hamwe nimpapuro (bp) na polyvinyl chloride (PVC) yagombaga guhinduka mu turere tugera kuri 20m (PVC) igihe kirekire cyo gukwirakwira mumitsi iriho). Ibisubizo by'insinga zabigenewe (SP) yadoda (SP) hamwe na reberi y'inzarure ndende y'umwanya hagati ya cores ya kabili, kwizerwa kubyanditswe byiyongereye cyane. Kubwibyo, abaguzi bagaragaza uyu munsi kuminsi mikuru bashya nkinyungu zimwe nkurugero rwibindi binjizamo. Hafi yibihingwa hafi ya byose muburusiya bishora mu kurekura insinga z'amashanyarazi yinjiza mu nzu, inganda muri Ukraine. Muri bo harimo ibigo binini nk'iki cya CJSC "igihingwa Moskabel", OJSC "SOFTROCABY" OJCSC "Ircsc" IrkUtskabel ", CJSC" IrkabelKabel ", CJDSC". Ibicuruzwa byiza-bihabwa igihugu cyacu muri Finlande (Ferto) n'Ubufaransa (Nexans).
1- Igikonoshwa; 2 - Kwigunga mu kibuno; 3- yabayeho;
4- Umusego munsi y'intwaro; 5 - Intwaro; 6- Igifuniko cyo hanze; 7- Icyiciro cyo kwigunga; 8- Ibikoresho byo kuzura bisanzwe;
Kubaka umugozi wa plastike:
1- imitsi iyobora; 2- Kwigunga; 3- Igikonoshwa cya Polymer; 4- kuzuza hagati; 5- Umusego munsi y'intwaro; 6 - Intwaro; 7- Hanze Pokrov
Ni iki gishimishije ku nsinga yigenga yitererane hamwe no kwigunga? Mbere ya byose, ijambo "ryadoda polyethylene" rigomba gusobanurwa. "Kudoda" bya Polyethylene ni ubuvuzi bwumubiri nubuvuzi kurwego rwa molekile, biranga amashanyarazi nubushisha buranga hygroscopique, bigabanye hygroscopity, kwagura urwego rwo gukora. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'insinga zo hasi kandi ziciriritse, hamwe no kwigunga kwa PTE, bitanga ibihiri bifite umuringa cyangwa alumini byemewe imitsi itwara abantu cyangwa byinshi, bigoramye. Kwiyongera kwa Zeru Zeru bikozwe mubururu, imitsi ihindagurika irashushanyijeho amabara yicyatsi na umuhondo. Insinga zikora amazu atatu, ane na eshanu. Bafite imitsi yose yimitwe imwe yambukiranya cyangwa kubaho igice gito cyambukiranya (zeru cyangwa guhagarara) mumigozi ine yibanze. Imitsi yiziritse ihindagurika muri fatizo hafi ya pvc ibikoresho bya pVC cyangwa reberi idafite imizi, ifata imiterere ikenewe mugihe cya kabili igoreka kandi ikanafunga muburebure. Hejuru yimitsi ihindagurika, hari umuvuduko wa polyethylene, PVC plastiki cyangwa yuzuye imvange idahwitse yo kuvanga icyuho kiri hagati yabatwara. Rimwe na rimwe, kwigunga k'umukandara ni igice cy'ibirimo: urwego rw'imbere rwa reberi imvange ya rubber, polyer calyerylene cyangwa pvc plastiki. Ibikurikira bigomba kuba igifuniko kikirinda kuri kaseti ebyiri zivanze zashyizweho kugirango hejuru zigarukire icyuho hagati yinama. IHURIRO RY'IMYUMANIRA ni + hose ikingira, isohoka i polyethylene.
Imbonerahamwe ikurikira iremeza ko insinga zo hasi kandi ziciriritse muburyo bwo kwigunga kuva kuri est ugereranije ninsinga zuzuye muri BP zifite ibintu byinshi bitandukanye. Iyi ni nini (15-30%) yiyongera ubushyuhe bwimitsi, amashanyarazi meza na Mechanication ibiranga kwigunga, gutakaza imishinga mike, byiyongereyeho kwiyongera, amahirwe adasanzwe, amahirwe yo kurambika inzira hamwe na Itandukaniro ritagira imipaka nitandukaniro no ku bushyuhe buri munsi --20 hamwe nta ntera, misa nto na kabili isabukuru muri rusange.
Ibiranga insinga zamashanyarazi hamwe no kwinjiza spe na insinga hamwe na BP na PVC insulation kuri voltage ya 1 kv
| Ibipimo | SP | BP | Pvc |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho, hamwe | 90. | 80. | 70. |
| Ubushyuhe bwemewe mugihe ukora muburyo bwihutirwa (6h), hamwe | 130. | 105. | 80. |
| Ubushyuhe ntarengwa buke bwabana numuzunguruko mugufi, hamwe | 250. | 200. | 160. |
| Byemewe bishingiye ku mitwaro bitewe nigice cyambukiranya imitsi,% | 120-125 | 105-110 | 100 |
| Umukunzi ugereranije | 2,3. | 4.0 | 4.5 |
| Ubudozi bwihariye, Om. cm | 1016. | 1013. | 1013. |
| Inguni ya tangent yo gutakaza indyo | 0.001. | 0.008. | 0,01 |
| Ubushyuhe buke busekeje budafite prefeating bwabayeho, hamwe | -20 (kuri APVBSP) -15 (kubindi migozi) | 0 | -Icyiciro |
| Ntarengwa ya radiyo (umugozi w'inyuma diameter) | 7.5.dh. | 15.Dh (kubisiba mumwanya wa sasita) 25.dH (kumagare asigaye) | 7.5.dh. |
| Itandukaniro murwego rwo munzira ya gasket, m | Nta mbogamizi | cumi na batanu | Nta mbogamizi |
Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa kashe igomba gukoreshwa mu kwinjiza amashanyarazi mu mazu ya buri muntu? PVP insinga, porogaramu, PVP na Apppe birashobora kuramburwa munsi yubutaka utitaye kumikorere y'ibikorwa byororoka. Niba ibicuruzwa bifite izindi nyandiko "g" na "2g", birakwiriye kurambika haba mubutaka no mumazi, hashingiwe ku ngamba zinyuranyije na Mechanical yangiza umurongo w'amashanyarazi. Imiyoboro ya PVV, ATV, PVVng-lS *, APC-LS igamije kwakira ubutaka bwumye (mu mucanga, ibumba risanzwe n'ubutaka buri munsi ya 14%). Mugihe habuze ibyago byo kwangirika kwinshi, insinga zishyirwa mububato bwa plastike avvg, Vg, kimwe na Apbby, pvbb, pvbbsp, niba ubutaka budasubirwamo kandi butari rwihutirwa. Kubutaka ubwo aribwo bwose nta mbogamizi irabujijwe. Ibirango byashyizwe ku rutonde byashyizweho utazirikanaga itandukaniro mu nzego z'ubutaka. Ku ruganda rwo munsi y'ubutaka, insinga z'amashanyarazi zifite ubushishozi bw'impapuro, ziterwa no guhagarika ibihano ziracyakoresha. Camomake hamwe nibikorwa bisanzwe kandi byimbitse byangiza insinga eshatu Caashv, Caab2l, Tsasbl, Zasb2l, Ibikorwa byo hasi, Tsabu, TSB, TSSBL. Ikigereranyo cyo gukora ibigo by'amahanga bifite icyo cyiciro cyazo, bifitanye isano no gutondekanya insinga zemejwe mu Burusiya.
Insinga zigenewe kwanduza no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi zishobora gushyirwa mubutaka
Inkweto
Gusiba insinga z'amashanyarazi ni gute? Kenshi na kenshi, bageragezwa ku nzu bafite imvoka, mu miyoboro cyangwa batayifite, hakurikijwe "amategeko ashyira amashanyarazi" na tekiniki y'ibikorwa bya tekiniki. Itugu rya kabili rishobora kurambura ukoresheje ububiko bwa cable cyangwa wedge gufunga byimazeyo. Imbaraga zemewe zimpagarara mugihe cyumurongo ntabwo kiri hejuru ya 30 H / MM2 kumazi ya aluminium na 50 n / mm2 kumuringa. Muri icyo gihe, Radiyo ntarengwa yo kuzunguza umugozi igomba kuba byibuze 15 DH (7.5, iyo ishyiraho ukoresheje inyandikorugero idasanzwe), umubare winama ntabwo urenze umunani kumurongo wububiko. Utabanje gushyushya, insinga zashyizwe ku bushyuhe kugeza kuri 0VP, Porogaramu, PVPU, ATMS, ATMS, PVVng-LS na APVG-LS. Ku bushyuhe bwo hasi, umugozi ugomba kuba wihanganye mucyumba gishyushye ku bushyuhe bwa +20 hamwe nibura kumunsi cyangwa ubushyuhe kuri drum uhuha umwuka ushyushye uva mu kwishyiriraho.Nigute guhuza insinga hagati yabo, nigute kandi niki kirengera aho ushyira imbere? Kugirango ubone imbaraga zidahagarikwa murugo, iki kibazo ni ngombwa cyane. Urashobora guhuza namashami yubwoko butandukanye hamwe na kashe, kimwe ninsinga ninsinga zo mu kirere, niba hakenewe. Inkoni ihuza n'amashami bifunze hamwe no guhuza. Byari byinshi cyane. Ubu buryo ni bwiza, ariko ni igihe igihe cyose; Kugirango ushyireho, gutwika gazi nibikoresho birakenewe. Ibitugu bikonje bikoreshwa mubice byumurima, mugihe hatabayeho ibikoresho wifuza. Gufata amavuta na lisansi byoroshye cyane gukoresha kandi byizewe, ariko rwose umuhanda, usibye, ububiko bwabo ni gito. Kubisanduku bitwara amajwi hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwamagana, guhuza bihuye byatoranijwe.
Mubihe byose, impera yumurimo uhuza ubuntu ufitanye isano neza hamwe numuraba ufite ibyuma bifite imirongo ibiri ifite imitwe ihungabana. Dukurikije ikoranabuhanga rya gari ya moting, ahantu hose habayeho kwitandukanya hamwe na pulasitike irimo gushonga: Iyo ushyuka imurika rituma imivare ivanze na Hermeiti. Kugirango gahunda iboneye yibyorezo ugereranije hagati yabo, imyanya ya plastike yabangamiye ya plastike yapakiwe na mastike-ifitanye. Icyuma cya ecran ya ecran ifitanye isano nicyuma cyicyuma cyagurishijwe cyangwa muburyo bwa mashini. Kurinda kwivanga amashanyarazi, urubuga rwo guhuza rukingiwe na file. Mubyongeyeho, insimburangingo zikora ingamba zo gukwirakwiza mu bukene imbaraga z'amashanyarazi z'abashinzwe imishinga, gutandukanya inkere zishingiye ku ngaruka ziterwa n'imbere y'imigozi y'imbere y'imigozi (niba amavuta na rosin) bikoreshwa), kuzuza ubusa Hagati yabatwara no gukuraho amahirwe yubushuhe na gaze kumurimo. Kugira ngo ukore ibi, koresha kaseti, gufunga mastike no kugikora.
Dukurikije ikoranabuhanga rikonje, guhuza byashyizweho kabisi kubera "kwibuka moleki", bifite ibikoresho bya plastike. Nyuma yo gukora, kuvugurura nozzles bibera imbere kuva mumyanda hamwe nicyuma cyangwa spiral. Nyuma yumutwe wubuhinzi ku mpande zabitswe zishingiye ku nsinga no gusohoza guceceka gukenewe, abagonguzi baravanyweho, kandi igituza cyicaye. Iri koranabuhanga ryakoreshejwe cyane mubikoresho bigufi nkibikoresho byo kwigarurira, guhuza, guhuza impongano hamwe no gufunga akamenyetso ka kabili.
Mugihe kinini cyemewe imizigo igezweho yinsinga zifite umushyitsi kuva ku mvugo hamwe na voltage ya 1.3 na 6 KV
| Igice cya Cross Cross cyabayeho, MM | Kurambirwa kurambitsweho insinga, kandi | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hamwe n'amazu y'umuringa | hamwe na aluminium | |||||||
| Mu butaka | Mu kirere | Mu butaka | Mu kirere | |||||
| imwe; 3 KV. | 6 KV. | imwe; 3 KV. | 6 KV. | imwe; 3 KV. | 6 KV. | imwe; 3 KV. | 6 KV. | |
| 10 | 87. | 79. | 76. | 75. | 67. | 62. | 58. | 58. |
| cumi na gatandatu | 113. | 104. | 101. | 99. | 87. | 79. | 78. | 75. |
| 25. | 147. | 138. | 133. | 128. | 113. | 102. | 102. | 99. |
| 35. | 178. | 166. | 164. | 157. | 137. | 124. | 126. | 122. |
| mirongo itanu | 217. | 198. | 205. | 191. | 166. | 147. | 158. | 145. |
| 70. | 268. | 243. | 262. | 244. | 201. | 181. | 194. | 180. |
| 95. | 316. | 294. | 318. | 296. | 240. | 220. | 237. | 220. |
| 120. | 363. | 333. | 372. | 348. | 272. | 249. | 274. | 255. |
| 150. | 410. | 378. | 429. | 389. | 310. | 282. | 317. | 290. |
| 185. | 459. | 429. | 488. | 447. | 384. | 322. | 363. | 336. |
| 240. | 529. | 503. | 579. | 534. | 401. | 278. | 428. | 400. |
Ikoranabuhanga ukoresheje isupu (kuzuza ubukorikori). Rychem (Ubudage), "3m" (Csh), akurikirana (Finlande) yateje imbere uburyo bwo guhuza inkweto hamwe na coupling yuzuye gel cyangwa ikigo. Isosiyete "3m" itanga intera nini yo guhuza no guhatira (urugero, kugirango yinjire mu nsi zabo mu nyubako, etc.) yo kuzenguruka imiyoboro igaragara ku miyoboro ya voltage. Amazu ya kodegisi ashyirwaho aho ihuza / ishami. Ako kanya mbere yuzuza, ibice byikigo bivangwa mubice bibiri, igikapu gifunze. Binyuze mu ijosi ridasanzwe, ibihimbano byarangiye bisukwa mu mazu ateganijwe, aho byasaruye biturutse ku miti. Ihuza rirahagije kugirango usinzire ubutaka, kandi umugozi witeguye gukora. Ibikoresho bya bay hamwe numubiri mucyo bigufasha gusuzuma inzira yo kuzuza ikigo. Iyo bashizweho, mubyukuri ntagucya, gaze yangiza mugihe cyo kugabanuka kwumva. Ibigo by'ibinyabuzima birangwa no kurwanya cyane imiti, imbaraga za mashini n'ubushyuhe birimo ubutaka. Amaduka yuzuye yakoreshejwe mu guhuza ubwoko bwose bwinsinga, harimo impapuro-zidasanzwe kandi za poyithylene.
Kugirango uhuza amazu y'amavuko atatu, ane na atanu hamwe nintwaro za plastike, hamwe nintwaro kandi utayifite, voltage ya 1 kv (avbg, akv.) Birasabwa gukoresha ubushyuhe pstt3 / 4/5. Guhuza bitatu na bine-bine hamwe nimpapuro zisanzwe mu gikonoshwa, Ubushyuhe bwa Suite STP3 / 4 bigenewe, kimwe n'ibindi bicuruzwa byemejwe kuri iyi ntego.
Umugozi uva munsi yubutaka uhujwe na terefone ya transformateur hamwe nigikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza. Kugirango umutekano wamashanyarazi, imitsi ifitanye isano, harimo iherezo ryibiti byimitsi hamwe nubuso bwitsinda, tandukanya amashanyarazi. Kugirango dukore ibi, dukoresha ubushyuhe nibindi bipapuro muburyo bwa gants na tubes, byateguwe guhagarika kubaho nubwoko butandukanye. Rero, kugirango usibe umuvumo uko turi batatu-, une cyangwa utanu cyangwa udafite intwaro, hamwe na voltage ya 1 K-AVVG, APVG, IDR. - Ababikora basaba gukoresha ubushyuhe-suite ckpp3 / 4 / 5Ibikoresho 5, UPP3 / 4/5, ibicuruzwa byemewe byabakozi babanyamahanga bizewe. Ku nsinga za voltage imwe hamwe nimpapuro zihuriweho nigikonoshwa, ugomba guhitamo guhuza kv (h) tp3 / 4 cyangwa ibicuruzwa byemewe byamasosiyete yamahanga.
Mu Buyapani, Ubufaransa, Finlande na Suwede mu rubuga rwo gukwirakwiza voltage yo hasi kandi ruciriritse muri iki gihe, gusa umugozi ukoreshwa mu kwigunga kuva kuri PTE. Uburusiya bwongeye gufata iburengerazuba.
* Ironderero "Ng" ryerekana ko ubu bwoko bwa kanseri idashyigikiye gutwika, indangagaciro ya LS (umwotsi muto) - ko mu muriro, umugozi ufite umwotsi muto kandi nturekura ibintu by'ubusaga. Iyi migozi ihenze kuruta uko bisanzwe, kandi, nkitegeko, ikoreshwa mubikorwa byihariye.
Ubuyobozi bw'amabwiriza burashimira Tyco Electronics, 3m, akurikirana, OJSC electrocabel kolchuginsky igihingwa, transherernergo na Cjsc Moskabel kugira ngo afashe mugutegura ibikoresho.