Mu bishushanyo bitandukanye kubibanza bitose, duhitamo ubuziranenge kandi ntihenze. Incamake yisoko hamwe nikoranabuhanga rya Stating.
Ni irihe bara riruta kugura inkuta z'ubwiherero, kandi ni ikihe gisenge? Fata glossy cyangwa matte? Murugo cyangwa mu mahanga? Birakwiye kwiringira ugurisha? N'ubundi kandi, ni inyungu kuri we kugurisha ibintu bihenze, kandi kumafaranga mato, urashobora rwose gutora irangi ntakintu kibi ... reka tugerageze kubona ibisubizo byibi bibazo.
Bwonyine, ibiganiro bigezweho-bigoye, nyuma yo gusaba kimwe, bigakora indege ikomeye ya polymer (film), ifite ikibazo runaka cyimitungo yagenwe yashizweho. Kandi ntabwo ari ugushushanya gusa. Nta gikorwa kidakoreshwa cyane yibikoresho bishushanya - Kurinda ishingiro muburyo bwo gusenya hanze, kurugero, ibiti, kumi rwumye, ubuso bwa ruswa, buturuka kuri bera.. Hanyuma, ipati yakozwe nicyapa irashobora gukora imirimo idasanzwe (reka tuvuge ko ari ubuhehere bwo kurwanya, kubuza imiterere yubumuga mubyumba bifite ubushuhe bukabije). Guhuza imitungo imwe n'imwe ya barangi bigenwa nibigize.
Ibikoresho byose bigezweho bigezweho byakoreshejwe mu nzu birashobora kugabanywamo amatsinda abiri manini: amatsinda-alkyd hamwe na enamels hamwe n'amashusho y'amazi. Enamel (kurushaho gushimisha neza amarangi) yakozwe hashingiwe ku gitsina. Bakoreshwa kuri nyuma, kurangiza urwego ruremye muri benshi, bakora firime idasanzwe hamwe nibintu bitandukanye. Ukurikije ubwoko bwa binder snamels ni alkyd, amavuta, epoxy idr. Munsi y'Ijambo "Gushushanya" gakondo byerekana ibikoresho bisigaye byimbuto. Iri jambo, nk'ubutegetsi, rikoresha niba bavuga ibijyanye n'amavuta cyangwa ibihimbano by'amazi.
Inyungu nyamukuru yamashusho yamavuta ni igiciro gito: litiro yirangi yumusaruro wu Burusiya, nka Ma-15m, igura $ 0.8-1.2. Diludeed Ukorera Umwuka Wera, Turpentine, Gukemura Naphta cyangwa lisansi. Amabati yamavuta ni munsi ya alkyd enamel kumanist ya firime, isura yayo nubuziranenge bwamabara. Sytom, barohama igihe kirekire, kugeza iminsi myinshi. Kwinjiza binder ikoreshwa na oldide hamwe no hiyongereyeho abahanga. Urugero rwibisabwa nkibihimbano mugihe cyo kurangiza imirimo yo mu mazu ni ubusa, kuko iyo gukama, ibikoresho bitandukanijwe nibintu byangiza. Ariko ibibi byabo nyamukuru nuko ubwishingizi bwumuhondo mumyaka mike, gutakaza ibara ryambere. Amabati ya peteroli ntabwo akoreshwa kugirango arangize ubwiherero.
Alkid Eamel ihendutse, ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kwandika amazi yo gupfukirana nabo biroroshye gusukura uburyo bwose bwo murugo. Bitewe n'amazi make na vapor bishingiye ku bundi buryo bwo guhambira Alkyd Alkyd ahari cyane cyane ku buryo wanduye idirishya ry'ibiti, imiryango n'igorofa.
Ubworozi bufite ubushuhe bukomeye butangaje bugomba kwihanganira ingaruka zamazi hamwe nisuku yo murugo, isabuke. Mubisanzwe, ibice byabagize irangi byatoranijwe muburyo bwo guhimbaza bwabujije kugaragara kandi byari bikwiye gukaraba no gukora isuku. Akenshi muri zone ya "itose", amarangi yamazi ya Acrylic akoreshwa, yakozwe nabakinnyi benshi b'Abarusiya n'abanyamahanga.
Ugereranije na peteroli na alkyd, amarangi atana amazi afite inyungu nyinshi zikomeye. Reka dutangire ko bose bafite umutekano mubidukikije, kuko badasohora ibintu byangiza (mbere ya kama keza) cyangwa mugihe cyo gukora amatara. Ibi bikoresho bigize filime ya polymer, ireba imyuga, ariko ntizishobora guterwa amazi. Imyuka ijyanye na film yemerera gusorekeza "guhumeka". Kureka buri gihe ubushuhe busigaye, kandi niba hari ububabare butanyuze mu kirere, iterabwoba ryabyimbye rya firime ni rinini. Iki kibazo kirazimira niba irangi ryitwa imyuka yuruhande rumwe rushingiye ku bisobanuro, kituma ubushuhe bwimbere bwanyuze muri film tutigeze biteranya kandi bitabangamiye kandi bitabangamiye ingufu zayo (Ashesion). Noneho igihe cyo kwishuka kiva hanze nticyinjira mu ipfundo. Ibikoresho byo gutangiza amazi byakorewe ahanini hashingiwe ku bwoko butatu bwo gutambuka: hamwe na polyviny ya acetate (PVA), Acrylic, amaherezo, hamwe na Butadiene-Syrene. Bunders. Ubwoko bwa nyuma bwirangi ni ibyuma bya latex kandi nibyiza, kurugero, mugihe byanduye hamwe nibirahure, ndetse no gusana imirimo yo gusana ibyapa na sima.
Ku rukuta rw'amabara no mu gisenge gisaba gukaraba kenshi (mu bwiherero cyangwa kwiyuhagira), ibihimbano by'amazi birakwiriye hamwe na acryption. Nk'itegeko, igihe cyo kumisha ibikoresho nkibi ku rusambo buke ku bushyuhe bwa 20-25 ° C n'ubukorikori bwa 50% ni iminota 30, kandi igice gikurikira gikoreshwa nyuma yamasaha 2.
Ibigega byo kureba imikorere yo gushushanya amabara make yamasoko mumarushanwa. Guhitamo igicucu cyamabara birashobora gufatwa nkana. Ibyo ari byo byose, kubikoresho bya alkyd nibikoresho bya peteroli, gahunda ya caloring ntabwo abakire cyane. Hanyuma, hamwe nibishushanyo bishingiye ku gisubizo cya polymers, biroroshye, byoroshye kandi bishimishije kukazi: Ntabwo bihumura, byumye (buri cyiciro - ugereranije iminota 30-40 mu bushyuhe bwicyumba Kandi ubushuhe busanzwe), kandi ibikoresho byakoreshejwe nta kibazo bivugijwe namazi.
Irangi rya Acrylic ryakozwe hafi yabantu hafi yabanyamahanga: Semin, ASFOR (Ubufaransa), Gorslall (Ubudage), na TAFGER), Benkers, Benkers, Suwede) Idr. Kurugero, igice cya kabiri gishingiye ku mazi ashingiye kuri Acrylic ashingiye kuri Acrylic Corcplast 20 (7.3 kuri litinda 1 zagenewe byumwihariko kurukuta no ku gisenge, kandi kikarwanya cyane cyane ko gutunganya ( NUBUNTU BISANZWE BISANZWE 2000). Ibintu bisa bifite ikamba rya matte "imbere 5" (2.4 kuri litiro 1), icyegeranyo cy'imbere cya "Maestro" cyatanzwe na Akzo Nobel (2 kuri 1L) Idr. By'umwishimira cyane ko mu bihe byashize, ibikoresho byo kwihanganira mu gihugu byihutirwa ku isoko, bihendutse kuruta Abanyaburayi, ariko ntibibarusheho ubuziranenge. Ibi ni amabara ya acrylic-acrylic ku giciro cya 0.5-1.8 kuri litiro 1 y'igipome "," SvyaTatoVL "," Paletteatozar "," Ndashaka kandi kumenya profilix pl-10l (0.6 kuri litiro 1) umusaruro "polylux", amarangi ya litiro ya gilux) kuva kuri litiro ya laration nubwiherero (12.8 kuri litiro 1) Icyongereza Isosiyete ici irashushanya Idr.
Wjegazine arashobora kuboneka amarangi agize ipfundo akoresheje isuku ninzu isanzwe gusa, ahubwo no mubimbo byihariye, harimo no kwanduza. Urugero, nk'urugero, rwakozwe na Tikkurila Semiamte na kimwe cya kabiri cy'ibice by'ibisi "Luya" (impingane 5 z'umurizo. Ndetse n'ibikoresho byihariye biva muri Betek (Turukiya), Capal, Jobini, Beckers, Akzo Nobel Idr.
Ikintu cyingenzi, ibuka ko irangi rimwe rirwanya ubushake ntizitanga uburinzi bukwiye kubushuhe. Birakenewe gukoresha ibikoresho byose, mubisanzwe bikubiyemo imyuka ihuza primer, ubushuhe-bwihanganira kandi, amaherezo, irangi ririmo ibyongeweho kubumba. Niba igice cyurukuta mubwiherero ugiye guhura na tile, nigice cyigice, ahantu hashobora kuba ibitabazi hagati ya tile na Jack of the tile hamwe nintoki ryamabara. Ku rubanza rwa mbere, grature-irwanya ubushuhe bizafasha, mu nshuro ya kabiri, mastike iyo ari yo yose ya silicone yo mubyumba bitose.
Ibara
Nubwo ibikoresho bitandukanye byakozwe, byose bifite gahunda rusange. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ishingiro ryubahirizwa. Mubyukuri, binder nabyo ni ibintu, nyuma yo kumisha, ikora firime. Ukurikije inkomoko yayo, ibintu bigize film bigabanijwemo ibisanzwe na synthique. Ibikombe birimo amavuta yimboga yimboga, resisiyo karemano (amber, rosinteal.), Kimwe nibintu bya proteyine, nka casein. Itsinda rya Synthetike ni rinini cyane, kandi alkyd na Alkyd resins, pepolovnyl, acrylatiny, acrylate na copolymes zayo barashobora gukora nkishingiro.
Irangi ntabwo ryaba irangi niba nta ngurube zari zihimbano. Nibintu bikomeye byifu na kamere bitanga ibara rya cout hamwe na opecity. Ntugakore platwork kandi udafite filers. Nkibyo, filers ntabwo ifite imitungo yo kurinda kandi ishushanya, ariko irashobora kunoza ubuhungiro bwamashusho no gusimbuza igice cyihishe. Gukubita abahirukira bikunze gukoreshwa cyane ibintu bifatika byimibare cyangwa bifite intege nke. Ibi birashobora kuba ibice bya marble yajanjaguwe cyangwa igikona. Ku gishushanyo mbonera cyamazi, abakora benshi bakoresha uruzuzabuzima rushingiye kuri Kaolin, Omiinji, Silica, Talki na Mika na Mika.
Inyongeragaciro zidasanzwe nazo zatangijwe, umurimo ugamije kugenzura imitungo iboneka yo gushushanya no kubaha imitungo idasanzwe. Ibice byingenzi byingenzi byirangi iyo ari yo yose ni abatoteza batandukanye, plastizers na poluvents. Nibiba ngombwa, antiseptics irashobora gushyirwa mubigenewe (ikigo gishinzwe kurinda ibikoresho byangiza bya mikorori, ibuye na fufreeze (birinda irangi neza) hamwe nibindi byihariye inkingi. Ibigize byinshi byo gutatanya amazi-gusohora amabara-igisubizo cya polymeric bunders. Nyuma yo gusaba, ibikoresho ntibizima gusa kubera guhumeka amazi, ariko bifite ubunini, shimi, nkuko byari bimeze, hamwe nibigize byose kandi bigize film yo kurinda. Igice cya kabiri cyingenzi cyamashusho yamazi - pigment. Bashinzwe ubuziranenge bwamabara na Taricity. By the way, nubwo benshi bateye ubwoba, Titanium Dioxyde ni ikintu kitagira ingaruka rwose, yemerewe gukoresha mu gihe cy'imbere cy'ibihugu byo mu Burayi, harimo n'Uburusiya.
Abakora, n'abagurisha bahamagara batazi amarangi muburyo butandukanye - gutatanya, kumazi-emulsion, latex. Ariko, mubyukuri, turimo kuvuga ikintu kimwe. Ni itandukaniro gusa komamanyi yose ari ibice bito byamazi byatanzwe mumazi (urugeroroshye rwamata asanzwe), hamwe na lationion, filex ninyongera) mubisubizo byateganijwe Polymer. Nibyiza cyane guha amarangi asa n'amazi.
Acryc binders itanga ibihimbano byiza hamwe numwuka uhuza. Amazi-acrylic Semels ni rusange, barashobora gusiga irangi hafi yubusa. Irangi rya acrylic rigizwe na acryc resin copolymers. Hano hari ibihimbano kandi bishingiye kuri acrylate reberi cyangwa acyrene acrylate gutandukana. Urugero ni amarangi Wijuchise (Wijzonol, Ubuholandi), Vivacolor Imbere (ibara rya Baltike, Esitiya), gushiraho nyuma yo kumisha film-elasitike.
Ikoranabuhanga
Kora ku kaga bigomba gukorwa, byimazeyo ikoranabuhanga. Amavuta ashaje akurwaho mbere, nyuma yumusengeri ari ubutaka, urahome hanyuma uhagarike. Byongeye kandi, bitewe nubwiza bwubuso, uzakenera gushyira mu bikorwa umubare utandukanye wibice byo kurangiza. Mugihe ibitagenda neza bitarenze mm 3, primer yo kwinjira cyane irakoreshwa (itanga ibikoresho byamazi; neza, niba hari inyongeramuke zibuza isura yacyo), putty-ihanganye (kuri Guhuza ishingiro), ubuhehere bwo Kurangiza Primer na Preist-Ipaki. Mu nenge, 3-10mm zikoreshwa na primer, plaster kuri plaster, primer, shyiramo, amarangi (ibikoresho byose hejuru ya plaster, peresters ubwayo irashobora gukomera hamwe na kaseti yikirahure ). Mugihe cyo gutandukana nindege, arenga 10mm, inzira yo gukoresha ibice bikomeza kuba bimwe, ariko plaster kumusenyi-sevey-sima ikoreshwa.Primer irasabwa guhitamo uwabikoze nkuko amarangi, kubera ko shingiro yabo igomba kuba imwe. Kugirango ubone ubuso burambye, byiza, birakenewe kugirango witegereze byimazeyo igihe ntarengwa cyo gukoresha ibice bikurikira byibikoresho byamabara. Noneho, igihe cyo kumisha irangi kigabanyijemo intambwe eshatu: hejuru kugirango uhindukire (irangi ryumye, kandi umukungugu ntizikomeza); Mbere yo gushyira mu bikorwa urwego rukurikira; Hanyuma, kumisha byuzuye, iyo irangi rifite ubunini hamwe nigiti zifata ibintu byanyuma.
Imyitozo ihuriweho, nk'ubutegetsi, koresha amasahaniro rusange, ugera ku bikoresho bitarimo amazi bitewe no kurwanya ahantu hose nyuma yo kurangiza (muri make plary; ibishushanyo mbonera; Ubutaliyani) . Indaya zishingiye kuri chalk cyangwa lime irangi ryurwego ryoroshye muriki kibazo, ntabwo ikwiye, kuva imikoranire ihoraho hamwe numwuka wamazi hamwe no guhagarara. Gusa ibihimbano byihariye, bitwa kandi: Gushushanya kubibanza bitose (nkuko bimaze kuvugwa, hashobora kuba ibikoresho bya acrylic, latex cyangwa ibisigazwa byangirika, nubwo amarangi ya peteroli, nubwo aya mashusho yihuta cyane ).
Kwirinda amakosa
Noneho, imbere yawe urukuta rwibikoresho byamabuye y'agaciro bikeneye gushushanya. Niba inzu ari shyashya, ibibazo byihariye byo gushushanya inkuta n'igisenge, nk'itegeko, ntibikorwa: imirimo yose ikorwa muburyo gakondo, harimo ibikorwa byimbere no murwego rwo hejuru. Nibindi bintu rwose niba uri shingiro, barashushanyije, vuga, mugihe cyo gusana. Ni ngombwa kuzirikana uburyo bwo guhuza amarangi na gare. Nibyiza gukoresha irangi ryubwoko bumwe. Ariko niba utazi neza icyo aricyo cyo kwisiga, cyakaraba kure kugirango ukoreshe ibizamini byinshi, byoroshye muri byo ni ugutakaza ubuso busize irangi hamwe na skurt ya Abuye. Irangi ryamazi rizaguma kuri abyelive, kandi amavuta cyangwa alkyd ibaho.
Muri rusange, nibyiza guhita ushyiraho urwego rwimbaraga zubukanishi shingiro ryiteguye ibara ryibara. Koresha kurukuta hamwe na spatula. Niba igiti gitera cyangwa ni ugushushanya kera, birakenewe kugirango usukure burundu, nyuma yo kuvura hejuru hamwe nubutaka budasanzwe bwa acrylic kandi, nibiba ngombwa, ikarishye. Ikosa risanzwe rya benshi ntabwo rihagije abamwubatsi babishoboye - gukoresha aho kuba ubutaka bwa Acrylic Olifa. Ntibishoboka gukora ibi muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose: Irangi ryatatanye nyuma rigwa gusa kumurongo wa Olifa, naryo ridashoboye cyane kuruta gusiga irangi. Uku kwibeshya birahenze: Uzitwika kubikoresho gusa, ahubwo ugomba no gukora akazi kiyongereye kugirango ukureho ubwiza-bwiza kandi ushireho.
Ku gishushanyo mbonera cyamazi, abakora batanga amazi ashingiye ku mazi ashingiye ku mazi ashingiye ku mazi ashingiye kuri acryc, ku butegetsi bwa Alkyd all bishingiye kuri Alkyd. Ikibazo gikomeye kibaho niba inkuta zinkuta zarashushanyijeho irangi rya peteroli (cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose kuri kama). Kuri urwo rufatiro, ibihimbano-amazi bibeshya nabi, ubukwe bwanze bikunze. Uburyo bwinshi cyane ni ugukuraho abambere. Amabara yubutegetsi yakuweho nigisubizo gito afite na sponge cyangwa brush yoroshye. Hariho kandi abakozi bashinzwe bakorewe abakozi basanzwe bakuramo irangi rya kera: dumbe abbeizer kuva kuri Meffert, PAPIDON FIRT TIKKURURILA, SHEPIDON FIRT TIKKURURILA, SHEDIDON CORT TIKKURURILA, SHEPIDON FIRT TIKKURURURI Nibyo, igiciro cyabo ni hejuru cyane - 7.3 kuri litiro 1. Imiti itandukanye yo murugo irahendutse (2.5 kuri litiro 1), ariko ntizikora neza. Ingaruka zirashobora gufatwa nkimpumuro ityaye cyane. Nubwo bimeze bityo, gukuraho burundu igice cyarashushanyijeho ibishushanyo mbonera byerekana ko igikoma gishya kitazatangira gukuramo no kubyimba mugihe. Niba bigoye gukora ibi, turagugira inama yo gukoresha ubutaka bwa acrylic kubanza kurangiza cyangwa kugura ibikoresho byihariye byagenewe gukora kumashusho ashaje. Iyi mitungo ifite amazi yiganje: Irangi hamwe na Mattlatex Silky Silky kuva caparol, "urwenya" kuva Tikkurila cyangwa kimwe cya kabiri kuri Vaggfarg ya Acrylic.
Mugihe uhisemo irangi, gushira hejuru yubuso ni ngombwa. Mubisanzwe bifitanye isano nibikoresho byibikoresho, ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwabo bwo gukuramo amazi. Uyu mutungo wuzuye muri Gypsum Nshya, Lime, Bases, hamwe nubwoko butandukanye n'amatafari (cyane cyane kunganya no kwangirika). Ubuso bukomeye ako kanya, kimwe na sponge, ikurura amazi mumashusho, kubuza imiterere isanzwe ya firime. Ubwanyuma bwakoreshejwe butangira gusenyuka, nkaho itigeze igira isuku. Gereranya urwego rwa hygroscopique yurukuta niroroshye cyane: Birahagije kumara kuri yo 50-100 mL y'amazi hanyuma urebe hejuru. Niba inzira yo kwinjiza ibaho mubyukuri imbere yijisho, ni bibi. Urashobora guhangana nibi ukoresheje ubutaka bwa acrylic, nibiba ngombwa, wongeyeho amazi.
Guhitamo Irangi ...
Mbere ya byose, ugomba kumva ko udakeneye ibikoresho kimwe, igiciro wakunze, na sisitemu yose, vuga ubutaka, shyiramo, kurangiza. Gura ibyo byose nibyiza ahantu hamwe no kuva kumurongo umwe, bitabaye ibyo amahirwe ni byiza kubona ibikoresho bidahuye, bityo bigatakaza umwanya namafaranga kubihindura.
Witondere kureba, waba umubare w'icyemezo cy'isuku, umubare cyangwa nimero ya Gost, bishyizwe kuri label yo gusiga amarangi yo mu rugo, ukurikije ibyo bikorerwa. Niba utabonye ibipfunyika nkibi (cyangwa reba inyandiko ntabwo ari mu kirusiya), saba umugurisha kukumenya ukoresheje kopi yicyemezo. Birashoboka ko hariho ibibujijwe kubikoresha bitasobanuwe kuri label.
Baza inzobere mu isosiyete ya rwiyemezamirimo ufite gusana mu rugo rwawe, biteganijwe ko bidasanzwe kandi bigoye aho bipakira, gukoresha ibishushanyo mbonera, imikoreshereze y'ibicucu bitandukanye, n'ibindi). Birakenewe kandi kumenya ubwoko bwishingiro ryo gufunga (urwego rwamakoro cyangwa plaster, plaque, imbaho zikirahure cyangwa ibiti). Kuki ari ngombwa? Gusa ntabwo ari mubihe byose bikwiranye na barangi kwisi yose. Ndetse ibikoresho bikundwa cyane muri buri rubanza runaka bizatakaza kabuhariwe, kandi kubiranga bitari ngombwa wishyura igiciro cyo hejuru cyane.
Uzigame kubikoresho bipakiro kandi ntugatakaza nkuko uzabigeraho gusa niba uzi gahunda nibishoboka kubicuruzwa runaka. Kubwibyo, mbere ya byose, suzuma amabwiriza yo gukoresha irangi ukunda kandi witondere ibintu bikurikira.
Kurwanya amazi . Imitako ishingiye kuri pve ni hasi, ariko kuri Butadiene Styrene na Acrylic-Hejuru. Kubwibyo, ntabwo ari ngombwa gukoresha amashusho ya Pva mubice bitose, nko mubwiherero.
Kurwanya urumuri . Bitandukanye kandi Alkyd igabanya iyi gishushanyo biragaragara kuruta iy'amashusho ya acrylic hamwe nibice bishingiye kuri Pva. ITANGAZO ni umurongo, Pva-Irangi rikoreshwa neza mubyumba hamwe no kumurika umugozi - mu bwiherero, habaho hasi. Nibyiza, inzitizi nyinshi cyane ni ibikoresho bisize irangi bishingiye kuri acrylic.
Ibiyobyabwenge . Mubisanzwe, mugihe kugura gereranya ikiguzi cya 1l (kg) yibicuruzwa. Ariko amaherezo, ntabwo uri litiro ya litiro, ariko ubuso bwashushanyijeho iyi litiro. Ni iyi ngingo (VM2 / L) hamwe n'abakora ibyakozwe kuri buri paki. Nubwo hari ibigo bimwe bitanga ibisigazwa hafi cyangwa muburyo bwimibare imwe (irangi), cyangwa muburyo bwihariye (umutako wa Akzovl, kandi abo nabandi bazirikana ubwoko bwa hejuru nuburyo bwo gusaba. Ibigo nka Seatephol (Turukiya), Tikkurila, Ibara rya Baltike ryerekana ibyangombwa byibicuruzwa byabo, gushushanya birambuye kuburyo bukoreshwa mugihe ikoreshejwe muburyo bunini (vuga, shingiro, irangi , guhobera Idr.).
Mubisanzwe, ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gukoresha irangi byerekanwe kuri paki bigenwa murwego rutoroshye, mubihe byiza no ku buso bunoze hamwe no kwishora mu npuzandengo. Kugumya impamyabumenyi ya wizard, bizatwara ibintu binini gato kugirango bitunganyirize cyangwa imyenda. AESL igomba guhangana nubuso bwa porous, nka beto cyangwa plaster, gukoresha irangi bizanayongera. Hanyuma, uburyo bwo gusaba bigomba kwitabwaho. Mugihe ukoresheje spray, roller cyangwa brush, ibicuruzwa byiyongera murwego rumwe. Noneho, kubara ibintu bisabwa, witegure kuba agaciro wakiriye bizahinduka hejuru ya paki na 5-15%. Kubibara nyabyo, nibyiza gushushanya igeragezwa mu buryo butaziguye.
Imanza zifite ireme (rimwe na rimwe hafi ya 25-50% zihenze kurenza izindi) ibifuniko bifite amabara, bifite ibipfukisho byiza, bihuza ibara ryiza, byuzuye ibara ryabanjirije ibice 2. Gukoresha ibikoresho byiza biciriritse, umurimo umwe urashobora gukemurwa no kubishyira hejuru yubuso bwa 3-4 (indangagaciro hano, birumvikana, ugereranije). Niyo mpamvu bazagura ihendutse mugihe bagura, ariko bihenze mugihe bakoreshejwe. Kuburyo bwa mbere, ubundi buryo. Mu mafaranga rero ntuzatakaza, ariko rwose uzatsinda nkuko.
Abanditsi bashimira isosiyete "spectrum lc" hamwe nubucuruzi bwa Tritan kugirango bafashe mugutegura ibikoresho.