Ingazi na koridor nkibintu bihuza ingingo zingenzi zinzu. Amateka yabo, ubwoko, ubwihindurize.
Ifoto ya D.Minkina
Urugero rwa kera rwa koridor-imbere. Urugi rw'indorerwamo rw'abashakanye wardrobe bongera umwanya, n'inkuta zambuye "kuzamura" igisenge
Ifoto v.nepledova
Ingazi za Marshanguc zikozwe mu giti. Kabiri "Kuruhuka" Igishushanyo kigerwaho kubera ibara karemano ryibiti na gufungura Balasine
Ifoto M.STEPANOV
Ifoto ya A. Babaev
Ingazi kuri Parode ziganisha kuri mezzanine zikemura ikibazo cya gatatu: Ni ikintu cya Zoning, cyerekana kugabanuka mu gisenge, ihuza urwego ebyiri. Urwego rwo hejuru ni iminwa ishushanya, ifatwa byoroshye, mubisanzwe no gucisha bugufi
Ifoto e.lichina
Ntibisanzwe ubwiza kuzenguruka ingazi. Igishushanyo cyiza gishyigikiwe cyane no kubara imiterere no guhitamo ibikoresho
Ifoto v.nepledova
Koridor - Imurikagurisha ryibintu bito byashyizwe muri injyana
Ifoto K. Manko
Intambwe yo kugenda imanuka mu Nzu yagutse iragaragara. Ikirahure-Ikirahure gitandukanye n'ibiti byijimye kandi bitagaragara
Ifoto M.STEPANOV
Ibiti byoroheje byimbaho byijimye ni urukuta rwijimye rwijimye kandi runyuranye-rukuta rwinshi nicyago. Umwanya wubusa munsi yinyanja iramenyekana
Ifoto K. Manko
Ingazi za plastike zitera kwishyira hamwe nuburyo bwa Ar Nouveau, bigerwaho nuburyo budasanzwe bwuruzitiro hamwe na gari ya moshi
Ifoto e.lichina
Intambwe ntoya ishimangirwa na manini, iracibwa intege nke nibuye karemano. Asa nkaho ategura igitekerezo cyintambwe, guhuza igiti kiteye isoni hamwe n "" fungura ". Muburigo-'KATH KIHT ", yanditswe neza mumbere kandi byoroshye gukora
Ifoto e.lichina
Nkaho uburangare bweruye, ingazi ibarwa neza kandi yubatswe. Urusobe rwa curvilinear rwateganijwe, rutwara ingese ya Akin kugeza idirishya ridasanzwe
Inzira yagereranijwe yo kwimuka bisanzwe mu nzu, kuva ku muryango, ihuza ingingo zikurikira: koridoro, ubwiherero, ubwiherero, mu gikoni, icyumba. Mu rubanza, niba imbere ari umwanya umwe, utudomo "kuryama mu gasanduku", kandi kwinjiza mu ntego birangwa. Ivugurura rya SDVUM - nta ngazi zihagaritse. Yagorizer.
Amaterasi na piramide
Byemezwa ko ingazi yahimbwe mu ihene zo mu misozi. Kureba imikorere yiterambere ryabo, umugabo yahinduye neza kuva kuri Ramp (Umuhanda w'indogobe) mu gishushanyo cyaka.
Ihame ryintambwe yakoresheje Sumerians ya kera. Injyana yiyishyiri yazamuka ntabwo yashyize ahagaragara gusa urwego rutandukanye, ahubwo yabaye ifishi yigenga ifite agaciro keza. Zikrats zizwi cyane Sumerian (ahera) yubatswe muri II 6lennium ya II Don.e. Kandi bagereranya inyubako zakandagiye aho buri terane yashushanijwe mumabara yayo (cyane cyane umukara, umutuku, umweru). Hejuru kandi mubyukuri, ni ukuvuga amazu yImana. Muri icyo gihe kimwe, "umuhanda wo mwijuru" wagaragaye mu Bushinwa - Ingazi ziganisha kumusozi Taishan kandi ugizwe nintambwe esheshatu.
Ibinyejana bya mbere bya Egiputa Pyramide Igitekerezo cyagaragaye mu binyejana bibiri nyuma y'ibinyejana bibiri. Kurugero, birakwiye kwibuka neza Joster Pyramide izwi cyane. Pyramide nk'iyi yubatswe muri Mexico, i Babuloni ya kera. Intambwe zibi nzego zitangaje zishobora kurenga gukura zabantu kandi zakorwaga kugirango zibe imana kuburyo babifashijwemo na piramide kwamanutse mu kirere no kuzamuka.
Abagereki ba kera bakurikije amasezerano amwe, bashushanya insengero zabo zikomeye hamwe nintambwe yuburebure mu mikurire yabantu (kwigana nuburyo busanzwe).
Ingazi zimbere mu nyubako zo guturamo zari zoroheje kandi zidasobanutse. Bakoze umurimo wingirakamaro gusa kandi ntibatandukanye cyane nibisanzwe. Imyaka yo hagati yatunganijwe urukurikirane rwa tipologiya hamwe nubwubatsi bwa screw (icyumba cyabambwe kimwe). Scafolding na Katedrali, ingazi zakubiswe zishyizwe imbere muminara. Intambwe ziyi nzego zari zometse ku nkingi y'inkingi n'inkuta zo hanze. Imanza zikabije (urugero, mu Nama Njyanama ya Reim), hanze y'icyiciro cyashyizwe ku nkingi zidasanzwe.
Pompous xviv. Yaraye "Pleiade" yose y'intambwe meza, ashushanyijeho umwete kuburyo rimwe na rimwe yatangiye kubaha mu maso. Niyo mpamvu ingazi ya Ambasade muri Versailles yashenywe, yubatswe na Frank d'Orby ku "Mwami w'izuba". Igihombo muri xviiv imwe. Nk'uko umushinga wa Rastrolli, intambara y'imbere y'ingoro y'imbeho yubatswe. Yabitswe kugeza ubu muburyo bwateguwe mbere.
Ifoto M.STEPANOV
Urukuta rwa Blonde, urumuri rwinyuma, uburyo budasanzwe bwa clailing "kuzuza" koridor ikora ibihangano byubuhanzi bwa nouveau irashobora kwitwa ingazi munzu ya Ryabushinsky. Umuhengeri wa marard wakonje uyikora kumaguru yintambwe yinjira, yiruka.
Ingazi zirimo ingazi Antonio Gaudi. Umukobwa mwinshi kuri iyi ni ingazi ya screw mu izina rya Katedrali ya Sagrada. Nta mukinnyi udahwitse ibiti mu nzu ya Batlo. Nyuma y'intambwe ebyiri za mbere, byashizwe mu kirere.
Mu Burusiya, biracyari muri xviiv. Ibibanza byose byo gutura mumazu bikize byari biri mumagorofa ya kabiri (igorofa rya mbere ryakoreshejwe nkububiko). Kwinjira mu nyanja byari biyobowe nintambwe yo hanze. Iyi mibumbe yose, yegeranye n'inyubako yo guturamo, yiswe ibaraza ry'imbere kandi yari ingazi zitwikiriye. Yaje gukonja, ashizwemo na parapeti, "kunyerera" arches, itakaje hamwe n'ibishushanyo n'ibintu bitandukanye byo gushushanya. Ingazi zuzuyemo ihema. Mugihe gihagarara numubare winama zo murugo, birashoboka gucira urubanza urwego rwubaha uwakiriye umushyitsi. Ingazi z'imbere mu nzu y'ibiti ntizikwiriye, harimo n'impamvu z'umutekano w'umuriro. Igishushanyo cyo hanze cyari, kuko cyitwa ikigereranyo cyiza cya "ingagi zidasanzwe". Byongeye kandi, ibisuka cyane bikunze guhurizwa ibihingwa. Igikoresho cyintambwe, gutanyagura arch, byaba ari tekinoloji idatsinzwe cyane. Byongeye kandi, umuyoboro wa Hermetic wahindutse ububiko bwizewe. Inzu yimbere yimbere rimwe na rimwe yakorwaga mubunini bwurukuta (igishushanyo cya Arch ntabwo cyahungabanye). Kuri buri jambo, ingazi itandukanijwe nicyumba cyegeranye numuryango wicyuma (yongeye kumutekano wumuriro).
Kxix. Mu mazu akize, ingazi zo hanze nk'uburyo bwo gutumanaho interineti nyuma yo gusimburwa na parade y'imbere. Intambwe y'imbere yakozwe neza kandi irasanzwe kandi irasanzwe. FAR yari intambwe nini hamwe nimbuga zikaze, akenshi zifite urugendo rwinshi rusa hejuru. Ku mpande, yambutse ku ibyuma cyangwa balustrade y'ibiti kuva ku ishusho balasine.
Hariho kandi ingazi za serivisi zari zisanzwe kandi zikonje. Byongeye kandi, bari babi cyane. Ingazi za serivisi zakunze kuba zifite intambwe zifunze zihenze. Rimwe na rimwe, hariho inyubako zibanza mu serivisi. Uruzitiro akenshi rwambuwe imitako iyo ari yo yose.
Umubare w'ingazi mu nzu rimwe na rimwe ushobora kugera ku mibare ishimishije. Kubura korridors (bitavumbuwe) byagize ingaruka. Rimwe na rimwe, amatsinda amwe y'ibyumba yaje kwigunga kuburyo bashoboraga kwinjira gusa ku ngazi z'imbere.
Intambwe ze
Ifoto ya A. Babaev
Koridor nkirwibutso mubyiza bya koridoro. Yarekuwe mu bikoresho. Irangi. Birakwiriye kubantu bose kubuntu hamwe nubuvuzi budacogora bwakozwe mubice bibiri: platforms nintambwe. Urugendo ni ikintu cyaka cyaka kishingiye ku mbuga ebyiri no kubihuza hagati yabo. Ibiti, biherereye ku ntambwe, bitwa kosomers, n'akantu. INTAMBWE zirashobora kandi kwizirika mubitaro (Bolts idasanzwe yashyizwe murukuta). Ingazi nkiyi, uko itontoma mu kirere, kuko umugereka utagaragara. Uruzitiro rwintaro rwitwa gutora. Muburyo bw'ingazi zigabanijwemo, hamwe no kuzunguruka, kuzenguruka no gushinga imigozi.
Reka dutangire n'imibare. Ingazi zigomba:
Teza imbere kugenda byoroshye kandi neza kuva kurwego kurwego;
Huza igishushanyo kibazwe kandi cyatoranijwe neza bihuye nubwiherero kubigize imiterere; ubuhanga kandi bukaze bwo gusubiza ubwubatsi bwinyubako (imbere yicyumba); tanga ubugari bwamagenda kugirango bigaragare inzira y'ibihugu byombi (mu nzu yigenga - kugenzurwa);
Kugira ubugari bwa stikiki ntabwo ari munsi ya 30cm, n'uburebure bwa Riser ntabwo burenze cm 17-19 (usibye imikindo no kuyizenguruka).
Urwego rwatanzwe nurwego imbere, muri koridor, inzu cyangwa kuri veranda. Niba ingano yinzu ariyoroshya, zidashoboka gukora ibi, irashobora gutegurwa mubyumba. Ariko, umwanya gakondo wintambwe igushoboza kubigira igitereko noroshye. Byongeye kandi, microclimate yicyumba cyo kuraramo ntabwo ihungabana kandi igihombo cyubushyuhe ntiribaho. Ntukeneye kwibagirwa gusa ko ingano ntarengwa yintambwe yo kugenda ni 70cm, na cm 130 ntarengwa (hamwe nabatwara babiri). Intera iri hagati yimbuzi zombi (cyangwa hagati yicyago na Werurwe) igomba kuba byibuze 2m. Umubare wimibare mu kugenda byibuze 3, ntarengwa 18. Kubwato buhoraho hamwe ningendo nziza cyane ku ngazi, ahantu harakwiye kurenga 27 (kandi ntigomba kurenga 45). Ntushobora gushiraho ingazi icyarimwe hanze yumuryango (intera iri hagati yumuryango nintambwe igomba kuba byibuze 1m). Ni ngombwa kumenya ubujyakuzimu bwintambwe yintambwe - Ikigereranyo cyuburebure nubugari bwa stage (cm ya 16-25).
Igitekerezo . Andika amakuru uracyafite bihagije kugirango ubare kandi wubake ingazi. Kubwibyo, ndagutumiye cyane kugirango werekeza kubanyamwuga cyangwa guhitamo amahitamo yiteguye.
Ingazi mucyumba nzima zisaba kwitabwaho cyane, kwita ku guhitamo igishushanyo, ibikoresho no kurangiza. Arashobora gushushanya cyangwa kutagira ibyiringiro byangiza icyumba cyitangazamakuru cyurugo rwawe.
Iyo uteganya imbere mucyumba cyo kuraramo, ni ngombwa kuzirikana ko inzira yintambwe yimbere igomba kuba idafite ibintu byimiterere nibintu byubaka byinyubako. Ikigeragezo giherereye mucyumba cyo kuraramo, ingazi ya screw ni kinini kuko igoramye kandi nziza. Reka mvuge ibisobanuro. Byemezwa ko diameter ntarengwa ya star staircase ni 100cm, ariko imyitozo yerekana ko bidakwiriye gukora ubu bunini butarenze cm 130. Igishushanyo kiroroshye mu iteraniro. Ktem tube akorera inkunga yo hagati, binyuze mu ntera muri 150-200mm Console yafashe clinoid. ROSER ntishobora. Urujijo runini rwifatanije nuruzitiro cyangwa gace. Intambwe ya spiral ntabwo inoze cyane gukoresha kenshi, kandi, byongeye, abantu ntibashobora kugenda. Iki gishushanyo kiragoye kubasaza nabamugaye. Kubwibyo, ingazi zubu bwoko nibyiza kugira nkinyongera.
Ifoto M.STEPANOV
Ingazi zerekanwe neza kandi zikoreshwa neza nimugoroba na nijoro. Umucyo Mu gice cyimbere cyo kuzunguruka, ubugari bwimigero ntigomba kuba munsi ya 100mm.
Ingazi zoroheje ziganisha kuri atike cyangwa attle irashobora guhagarara cyangwa guhinduka. Barimo kandi nyamukuru kandi mubihe bimwe ntabwo bafite gariyamokara. Ibyiciro bishingiye kuri tereettes cyangwa Boosters.
Uduhati twongorera ni uwubwoko bumwe bufite amatsiko - yiswe duck intambwe. Ibisobanuro bigabanijwemo ibumoso kandi iburyo hanyuma uhambire ubundi buryo. Bafite imiterere ya trapezoid hanyuma bandike undi. Rero, injyana yo kuzamuka mu ngazi zitangwa nibiranga byubaka.
Ibintu bigize ingazi zimbere birashobora gukorwa mubiti, icyuma, beto, no gukomera no kuzamuka - mubiti, amabuye, amabuye, amabuye. Igiti gikwiye cyane, igiti, pinune, bech, ivu, muri make. Ibisobanuro bigomba kugira ubuso bubi kugirango wirinde kunyerera (cyangwa imirongo idasanzwe ya reberi, plastike, icyuma, ibiti).
Kumurika ingazi, urashobora gukurikirana ibitego bibiri: Amazoza nukuri, icya kabiri nicyo cyaremwe ryinshi. Intego ya mbere iragerwaho ugereranije nibiroroshye: birahagije gutanga gusa urwego rusanzwe rwo kumurika igishushanyo no kubyegera kuri yo. Kugirango ukore ingaruka zimwe, mbere ya byose, ugomba kumenya niba ushaka guhuza ingazi hamwe numwanya winzu cyangwa, muburyo, kugirango utandukanye. Mugihe usabye, haba mu ngazi zisukwaga urumuri ruruta hamwe na bated imwe, cyangwa koridor yoroheje ikorwa hamwe nintambwe yijimye. Ntiwibagirwe ko mugihe kidahari cyumucyo wo hejuru, kwerekana intambwe nijoro. Kumurika amazi maremare ntibigomba kuba bikaze cyane, kuburyo bidashobora kubira ibyuya.
Niba bishoboka kumurika ingazi yimbere hamwe numucyo usanzwe uva mwidirishya, bizakongeraho gusa. Uzabona amahirwe yo kwishimira urumuri rw'izuba ku ntambwe kandi uzigame ku mucyo wa artificielte mu munsi mwiza wumunsi.
Ibindi kubyerekeye umucyo: Wibande kuri gamut ususurutse hafi kumanywa. Witonze ukosorwe mu mpumuriro yo mu mwuka ku ngazi zawe.
Care Corridian
Ifoto P. LEDEDEVA
Ingazi hamwe nintambwe rusange. Biratangaje, ariko ibintu bitarangirika bya koridor uburyo bwo gutangaza imibonano mpuzabitsina bwatanzwe, nkuko bizwi, galebby, lobby na tambura. Galeries (kuva mu Butaliyani Gallaria igice) gishobora kuba hanze cyangwa imbere, bitwikiriye kandi oya. Igice cya mbere cya xviv. Ububiko bwitwa icyumba kinini hamwe na Windows itari mike muri imwe murukuta rwa rurerure. Nk'uburyo, mucyumba nk'iki habaye icyegeranyo cy'ubuhanzi. Tamburas y'imbere (kuva mu Ingoma y'Ubufaransa Tambour - yashyizwemo ibyumba bibiri cyangwa bitatu bibakikije. Urugi rwa Tambura (cyangwa Seine) rwatumye habaho icyumba gishize, cyahujwe ku rundi, kwigunga. Ibyumba binini byagiye kuri lobby. Rero, imiterere yinzu nini yakoraga ibikorwa kandi bitera urujijo cyane.
Igihe cyose kuri xviii. Itangira gukoresha ihame rya Ishield yubutumwa. Hashobora kubaho amoko make yingoro Ubwoko bwubwoko bwingoro: umurongo, umuzenguruko, g-, p-, e-eve. Ubwoko bwa Antfila bukomeye bwatumye bishoboka gutandukanya icyumba namatsinda (parade, kwikorera, serivisi) no kwirinda ihuriro ryimiturire yinzuzi.
Koridution yavutse gusa igice cya kabiri cya xviiv. ku muturage no mu biro hasi. Ibibanza bya parade byari bitarangwa. Gusa muri Ninies of the Centy of the Xviii, koridor yimukiye mu isohoka rya hafi kandi ryijimye mu gusohora parade. Ariko nubwo bimeze, byakomeje kuguma bigufi kandi bicanye nabi. Kubaho kwa koridor byatumye bishoboka kugabanya cyane umubare wintambwe yo hagati.
Koridor yahindutse muri hoteri, ibiro, ibitaro muri make, aho byari bikenewe hose kugirango ibikoresho byinshi bihuze hamwe ninyongera. Umucyo Kamere winjiye muri koridor unyuze mu gice cyimiryango yibyumba cyangwa mumadirishya yanyuma.
Hagati xxv. Hindura koridor muburyo bw'ubuzima bushya. Amazu meza hamwe nabafite parade Anfilads "yacyashye" muminyururu yibyumba ihujwe na koridoro ndende kandi yijimye. Koridor yagize uruhare mu bubiko rusange, umukino, icyumba kizima kandi kigufi kandi nticyoroshye.
Komite-Komine y'Ibihe byo Kubaka, Yabonye cyane ku ruhare rudaharanira inyungu. Ingirabuzimafatizo imwe yo guturamo (hafi 8m2) yari ifitanye isano na buri koridoro maremare. Koridors yunze ubuseke hamwe ninyanja, ubusitani bwabana, amasomero.
Kubaho kwa koridor ntabwo byapfuye. Yarushije imbere kandi aha hantu hakomeye mu nzu y'indobanure y'ishyaka. Korisi minini za korida zisanzwe zibangamira ubunini bwabo, Stucco muburyo bwa classisism hamwe ninzira zitukura zidahindutse.
Ariko kumpera ya xx. Korishino yatangiye kurwana. Igitekerezo cyumwanya umwe hamwe na Zoning yateganijwe yafashe ibitekerezo ntabwo ari abunga gusa nabaseseri gusa, ahubwo no kubakiriya b'amazu n'amazu yigenga. Kimwe mu bitekerezo bitarize ni ugusenya koridor. Imanza zikabije zitsindishirizwa rwose. Ariko si muri bose.
Ubushobozi bwo gutegura
Hamwe na koridoro, nkuko bimaze kuvugwa haruguru, kurwana. Bafatwa nkumwanya wingirakamaro, ibisigisigi bya kera, imiyoboro y'ibitaro n'ibigega by'ibikoresho.Ubwoko bwo Kurwanya Babiri gusa. Cyangwa kurimbuka rwose muburyo bwo gucumura (niba bishoboka) cyangwa uburyo bwo gushushanya ubunanga bwa mbere bukina. Urashobora gusuka koridor ifite urumuri. Mugihe inkuta zayo zizasiganwa mumurongo wacyo, bizashonga mumwanya. Turashobora kuzamura isura, tuyiguhuza mumanota menshi. Niba wohereje akantu gato, hanyuma koridor irashobora guhindurwa hamwe nurukuta muburyo bwa Arcade.
Indorerwamo kumpera ya koridor izagukangura, ariko ihindura Uwiteka kandi idafite koridor ntoya muburyo butagira akagero.
Koridor irashobora gukoreshwa nka garlery. Ibikoresho byiza cyangwa bishushanyije bimanitse mumwanya ungana kandi hamwe numucyo uhuye uzatera ubwoba. Urukuta rushobora kuba rwijimye.
Niba icyifuzo cyawe cyo kurimbura koridor kirashikamye kandi cyiza, gishoboka, byibuze, tekereza ko umuryango ushobora gutangazwa muri koridor, ubwiherero, ibyumba. Ntabwo buri gihe ari ishingiro na "Outcrop."
Umwanzuro
Abaseza benshi n'abasoreshwa bamaze gutuza kandi barengerwa cyane no kugenda na Galco banyuze muri koridoro ndende. Amas, asiga lift, yiruke muri salle, ajugunya imyenda kuri manika hanyuma amanuke kuri sofa. Kwibagirwa ingazi. Udafashe koridor.