Icyumba twemera abashyitsi: uburyo butandukanye nuburyo bwo guhitamo murugo rugezweho.
Grappics Mudasobwa A.Sablikova
Grappics vilunova
Ifoto ya A. Babaev
Fantom. Iki cyumba cyo kubaho ntabwo ari rwose. Nigice cyikirere gusa aho ibikoresho bihujwe, ubusitani bukabije
Ifoto v.nepledova
Bilkoni hafi yinjiye mucyumba, ihinduka ikibanza. Kubyutsa ibimera bye bitanga icyumba kiremereye gishya gato kandi byoroshye
Urashobora gukunda byoroshye inzu hamwe nivalisi, kuko hari umwanya urimo. Kandi buri gihe twambara hamwe nawe, kandi twibuke uko ibyumba byose. Inzu nziza yo kwinjira, yongorera icyumba cyo kuraramo, gutontoma igikoni. Kandi icyumba cyo kuraramo ni ijwi ryihariye. Ubutaka nubusa. Amajwi menshi. Kuberako byose ari icyumba. Kandi iramukikije, nko kuzenguruka izuba, ikiruhuko cyose kirazunguruka. Icyumba cyo kuraraho kirenze ibindi byumba, ibicuruzwa ntabwo ari ugushinga gusa, ahubwo ni na decorators. Kandi mubyanze bikunze kandi muburyo burambuye kurusha abandi, bivuga ibyawe kubashyitsi bawe.
"Byose mu isi bitangirana n'ubuvumo"
Ifoto E.LUChichaff yongeyeho ukuri kw'imbere, ndashaka gusobanura bike. Kugaragaza. Umwanya w'ubuvumo wabaye rusange kandi, mubyukuri, byari bigizwe nicyumba kimwe gihuriweho (icyumba cye cyatangiye kwitwa nyuma, abashyitsi hano bari hano, igihe bene wabo bose bazamuka). Ngaho ufite igikoni, hamwe nicyumba cyo kuriramo, hamwe nicyumba cyo kuraramo. Amoko ya Dummy aracyabahirizwa niri hame. Urutonde rwibikoresho bihindura intego yimikorere ya mobile ibitswe ako kanya - mu gatuza gashyizwe hafi ya perimetero. Caces arimo matelas yoroheje, itapi, injangwe, zikoreshwa nk'igifuniko cy'igorofa, nk'ahantu ho kuryama, nk'ibice. Harabitswe kandi "parade", imyenda, inkweto nibindi bintu byingenzi.
Abantu batandukanijwe mugihe babonye izindi ngeso, ariko ikintu muri rusange kiracyagumye. Abagereki ba kera bakiriwe neza, abashyitsi bakiriwe cyane. Ariko, inama iyo ari yo yose (ndetse n'ubucuruzi) yaherekejwe n'ibiryo byinshi no kuzamuka. Byakozwe muri Peristyle (Uruganda rwimbere), muri Andron (igice cyabagabo rwinzu). Urugo mu makuba y'Abagereki, nk'ubutegetsi, rwari kare cyangwa hafi ya kare. Inkuta z'inzu ziva mu gikari zari zamanutse cyangwa zitwikiriwe na picting. Igorofa yarekuwe na mozayike nziza. Itumba Columbiya (icyuho hagati yinkingi) yabonye imyenda myiza (Persian cyangwa Igishinwa). Imbonerahamwe yari hasi kandi igashyirwaho kugirango yinjiremo imbwa zose. Lodge (Wedge) yamenetse kumeza, aho ugusuka. Igitanda cyari cyuzuyemo imyenda yaka, kandi munsi yukuboko kw'ibumoso yashyizwe kumusego. Ku bakiriye cyangwa umushyitsi w'icyubahiro, habaye inyubako nyinshi, zashimangiye umwanya runaka wo kwicara. Ariko intebe y'ubwami yari, ahubwo, ikintu cy'imihango y'ibikoresho. Gutangira ibiryo bikomeye, nyirayo yimukiye mu buriri ibirori.
Abanyaroma batigeze benshi mu Bagereki, barimo imiterere y'inzu bafite urugo rwa pirisho, batwaga Atrium. Abanyabwenge bakize Roma barashobora kuba atrium nkeya. Kubaha umuturage ukize ntabwo yari afite inzu yumujyi gusa (domusi), ahubwo yanakorewe umudugudu wigihugu (Villa). Kuba hanze yumujyi, kugirango utangire amategeko yabo yari akunzwe cyane. Ibyishimo bya micolike byahujwe n'abanditsi bazwi b'Abaroma na Varonov, badasobanura gusa amashusho y'ubuzima, ahubwo yanatanze ibyifuzo byo guha akazi imbata, gahunda y'akazi kazo n'umurimo w'ibikorwa by'ubuhinzi bifite akamaro gakomeye.
Amazu ya Patrician y'Abaroma yatandukanijwe n'ibyishimo bitangaje. Igihugu cy'inkike n'imyagiro byakoreshwaga by'agaciro kandi kimwe cya kabiri - amabuye y'inzovu, zahabu na feza. Ingeso yo gushushanya inkuta z'Abaroma yakiriwe n'Abagereki, maze igera ku buhanga bunini mu gushushanya, kwigana ahantu nyaburanga cyangwa ubwubatsi, byatumye bishoboka "gutangaza" mu mwanya wo kwibeshya, wongeraho amajwi.
Cyane cyane ibibanza bitarandurwa kubashyitsi. Hano nyirubwite yagombaga kwiyerekana kumucyo mwiza. Abanyaroma basutswe haba muri atrium cyangwa mu madini. Amayeri yimpeshyi yamenyeshejwe atrium, kandi imbeho - hamwe nimbonerahamwe (ibiro byakiriye). Ubuririritse butwikiriye cyane hamwe no gushushanya, Mosaic, Carpets. Ku ntebe hari imikino, ibishusho, herma ifite amashusho ya filozofe. Hagati y'inkingi yahagaritse umwotsi w'amavuta ahumura, Candelabra, inzabya zitetse (moderi ya Samovar). Igikona nacyo cyari imbonerahamwe ya marimari itashushanyijeho insanganyamatsiko, zakomeje amasahani abashyitsi. Icyuma cyose cyatangiye gitangaje. Amatafari y'agaciro yasaruwe hasi. Ameza manini kandi aremereye y'Abaroma yari aremereye, bitandukanye n'Abagereki, yarishushanyijeho amashusho. Bashingiye kumaguru ane muburyo bwamatungo yinyamanswa, cyangwa kuri imwe, kwigana inkingi, - hagati. Abanyaroma nabo bakundaga. Lodge yashyizwe kumeza - umwe kubantu batatu.
Roma yarimbuwe n'Abanyamiriga, hiyongereyeho ibikorwa byo gusenya, rimwe na rimwe hazitanga amakuru. Ubuzima bw'imico ya mbere y'Uburayi bwa mbere bwari imvange ya bintarre yimigenzo idasanzwe hamwe no gutura. Feudalles yatetse neza yagendanye nambukiranya kinini. Ibendera ryatwawe ibikoresho n'ibikoresho, ibikurura n'amasahani y'imbere kugira ngo ahantu hashya ho gushyira ibintu byose aho hashoboka. Kubwibyo, ibintu bifite agaciro kuramba, manini, nta mana nyinshi. Inzu nini yo mu kigo yabaye icyumba kizima, icyumba cyo kuraramo, ririya. Kwubaka Zoning byakozwe ukoresheje indege, ibendera z'amanywa cyangwa udoda. Mu gihe, nta ma Peters n'inyigisho z'abarwanyi, inzu yahindutse. Feodal yongeye kugendera ku ntebe y'ubwami. Kuri perimetero yinzu hari intebe, nkitegeko, ibuye ritwikiriye imyenda isumba cyangwa matelas yoroheje. Gutega amatwi ibirori, biherekejwe n'ibiryo byinshi n'isaha, ameza yakozwe igihe kirekire byibuze metero eshanu. Abashyitsi bicaye hafi yintebe kandi bitwara byoroshye byoroshye (ukurikije imbonerahamwe yurwego nurwego rwo kwizihiza). Ameza yari ashushanijwe gusa mubihe bikomeye, kandi mugihe gisigaye icyo gihe amasahani amenagura intambara. Nyuma ya Pira, ameza yasukurwa nisicts zidasanzwe.
Mu bikoresho byo muri kiriya gihe, bamwe bahuriye n'akabati ku ntwaro kandi bagereranya kandi intwaro na bo bitabiriwe, kuko pir igihe icyo ari cyo cyose yashoboraga guhindura intambara z'ubugome. Urukuta rwapfunyitse muri verdule (tapestries), byangejwe munsi ya drapery, itakambiye ibikombe bitandukanye byo guhiga cyangwa guhuriza hamwe ibi byose. Igorofa ku magorofa yo hepfo yatandukanijwe n'ibisate by'amabuye, no hejuru byari ikibaho. CXV. Yari asanzwe yuzuyeho itapi.
Epoch ya Gothique iratwereka ko imyifatire yumuntu kumazu yahindutse. Yarakemuwe, Hasty yazimiye mu ngendo n'ibikoresho. Amazuriro ya sarari yatangiye gutanga byinshi bifite agaciro gakomeye kandi bifite intego y'ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso. Inkuta zakundaga gutandukana nimbeba, Umuriro washushanyijeho ikibandiro. Ibikoresho byatunganijwe hafi yibintu byamatsiko, nkibibuye-byahagurutse (ubwoko bwa sofa), buffet, sheen, umwambaro. Buffet yashyizwe kumeza yimbere. Amabati ye rimwe na rimwe yari yuzuye umwenda, wateje ingaruka zo gushushanya. Imirongo yakozwe n'ibinyobwa n'amasahani. Umwambaro wari uhagaze hejuru yamaguru maremare kumasahani. Nibyo, hamwe nifunguro riva mu "mpanuka kamere" ryahindutse imihango hamwe n'ikimenyetso gikwiranye n'injyana.
Mu Burusiya, umwanya wo kwakira abashyitsi wahitanye metamorphose isa. Ariko mu kinyejana cya XV kimwe., Kurugero, ibibanza bitandukanye byaganiriweho mubucuruzi nibyago. Imyanya ya Eco-ibice, mu birori, imishyikirano yari iyobowe. Abashyitsi bakuwe ku ntebe. Inguni yose, muri "Pekwe" (urukuta niche), hari ibyokurya bikunzwe. Hejuru y'ameza amanika mica itara. Ku rukuta- Murals. Ponizu, hafi ya Peimeter, ubusanzwe icyumba gishimangira ifirifi irangi, yigana ikinamico.
Icyumba cyo kuraramo cyahindutse gito. Ibikoresho byose bya perimetero hamwe nintebe no kugura Windows hamwe nisahani. Imbonerahamwe imwe (akenshi yakubye). Igihe kirenze, sofa na feminine sofa kumaguru yoroheje, ameza yibinyoma, biro bito, gutura mucyumba. Intebe ebyiri cyangwa eshatu zashyizwe hafi hafi yumuriro kandi zashizeho umwanya mwiza kugirango imiyoboro idahwitse iracyashaka kandi ibiganiro byapimwe, biherekejwe nibirahuri bya bracy. Yakuweho kumeza ntoya hamwe na desser cyangwa umushinyaguzi basanga basanga batangaye amazimwe yanyuma. Itsinda ry'abashyitsi ryimukiye neza mucyumba, guhuza kandi ntibyemera, kuva mu gice cyo hagati mu itumanaho. Ku rukuta ni ugukemura neza kandi bizewe gushushanya cyangwa kaseti. Kuzuza icyegeranyo rimwe na rimwe byabaye impamvu yo gukusanya societe. Muri rusange, hafi ya byose kimwe no mubihe bya kera.
Icyumba cyo kwakira hamwe n'umushyitsi
Ntabwo twatinze ku bw'impanuka mu rugendo rw'amateka. Ibisobanuro byiza byerekanwe kugirango utagira ubwoba imbere yiki cyumba kinini. We, mbere ya byose, akwiye kukugaragaza, igihe utuye, kandi ukeneye kuvugana haba mungo haba hamwe n'isi. Wibuke ko icyumba kizima, nkuko cyari bimeze, biteganijwe cyane cyane kuruhuka. Kubwibyo, ibintu byose bigomba gushyirwamo.
Tangira hasi. Bikwiye kuba iramba, Nemaniya, neza mugusukura. Ibyiza muri byose, niba bikozwe. Itapi yoroshye irashimishije kumaguru kandi irashobora guhinduka ibara ry'umutobe. Guhitamo ikirundo cyibirundo - ikibazo numuntu ku giti cye. Niba itapi ikubiyemo igice cya "Sofa" icyumba cyo kuraramo, ikirundo kinini kirakwiye. Nibyiza cyane kuryama cyangwa mumutwe, ureba telefone. Ikirundo gito nibyiza kuri tapi nini, ukurikije ibyo bagenda bashishikaye ku manywa. Gerageza kwirinda amabara meza cyane, acika amabara. Kurugero, uburyo bwa Victorian "butegeka" gushaka igicapo cyangwa imyenda. Imirongo irashobora gutandukanya. Ariko rero, ugomba gutekereza kubikoresho bikwiye.
Urukuta rukunzwe. Nibyo, iyi ntabwo ari dogma. Urashobora gukora umwijima muribi nibintu bidasanzwe ibisubizo, ariko ntukibagirwe impamvu ubikora. Nkibindi, ibisubizo byitinyutse byateganijwe nicyifuzo cyo gutunganya imurikagurisha cyangwa ibishushanyo, cyangwa ikindi gishushanyo cyashushanyije, kigomba "guterana amabara cyangwa ibikoresho byamabara. Ninkice z'icyumba muzima akenshi zigenewe kurera amashusho, itapi, guhiga ibikombe, souvenir dikovin, kagati, icyegeranyo cyabandi, rimwe na rimwe ibintu bitunguranye.
Abashushanya ba kijyambere ntibakunze gusiga igisenge mubyumba bitabogamye. Mubisanzwe ibi ni urwego rwinshi rwahagaritswe inzego na Caxture; glossy, hafi shusho irambuye ya canvas itera amabara nigicucu. Kumva ibya kera bivuka mucyuma byinshi stucco n'amasanduku, hamwe nurukundo rushingiye ku moko, igisenge kiba uw'imbogamizi, imigano cyangwa amatama afite ibiti by'ibimba by'impimbano. Tekereza niba ubikeneye byose. Kandi wibuke igitabo gishya: Igisenge kiragaragara cyane ugereranije nurukuta rwigisenge nkuko ubundi.
Ibikoresho byoroshye nibyiza guhitamo "ingingo ya gatanu". Ntabwo ari inzira mbi. Ntabwo tuzareka ibinezeza byo mu nzu bishimira kwicara ku mode y'urukundo. Kubyerekeye ubunini n'ibara birashobora kuvugwa kugirango babeho. Soky sofa izasekere kureba mucyumba gito. Ntacyo bivuze kugirango ushire ibikoresho byoroshye kandi byazimye aho, bizaba byiza, byoroshye muburyo kandi byoroshye. Igitangaza cyiza ni cyiza kuri "gukemura" mucyumba kinini. Nibyo, "bizasaba" cyangwa inkunga cyangwa itandukaniro (ariko ntibizamura imitingi.
Ibikoresho byo gutambuka bigomba gutorwa, biyobowe nindi tegeko: Icyumba cyo kuraramo kigomba gutondeka byoroshye. Kandi mubyukuri, ntakintu kibabaje nkicyo kigoye kwikuramo imyanda. Cyane cyane mucyumba cyerekezo. Imbonerahamwe igomba guhinduka byoroshye kandi itoroshye gusukura ingaruka za Trapez. Kandi byaba byiza tunyeganyega. Nubwo ibishushanyo rimwe byongeweho. Ariko ibi ni ngombwa guhitamo uburyo. Intebe zigomba gushyirwa ahantu habiri: mumeza kandi ahandi (kuruhande rwinkuta, muri Niche, nibindi.). Buffets, utubari, Windows kubiryo birashobora kuba bitandukanye, umubare wabo nibipimo byabo bigenwa nubunini bwibyumba byawe nibyo ukeneye.
Ntiwibagirwe ku madirishya, imitako yabo kubera icyumba cyo kubaho ni ngombwa. Niba amadirishya atajya mubusitani- arabakurura kandi atwikira ikimenyetso "bikwiye" cyangwa impumyi, ukurikije uburyo bwatoranijwe.
Ibindi kuzuza icyumba cyo kuraramo ni gito. Ntugahindure icyumba mumwanya wumukecuru cyangwa kubikora neza. Ushize amanga guhuza amabara n'imiterere itandukanye yigiti, ntabwo yemerera gusa igicucu gishyushye kandi gikonje. Gutumiza ibifuniko byibikoresho, ntukibagirwe kubyerekeye tissue ububiko bwumusego ushushanya. Isuzuma ubwoya, kumva, gutangara, ibi bikoresho birashimishije gukoraho.
Indabyo zisa neza mucyumba. Niba ntacyo ufite kurwanya ibimera, kumvikana binyuranye kandi byanze bikunze (nyuma yo gusuzuma guhuza kandi bikenewe izuba). Muburyo, nkuko, Aquarium igomba gukoreshwa nkimbonerahamwe ya kawa, itara, ibice biri hagati yibirimo no mukarere kabo. AESLY uzagira itanura, bizatuma icyumba cyukuri. Kwambara, uzicara, sip cognac cyangwa sherry no kuvuga witonze kubintu bishimishije (reba igice cyamateka).
Nuburyo? Nkuko kwitegereza kwerekana, byinshi muburyo bwa Ampira, Rokoco, Classicism (vuba aha, ukuri, yinjiye muri minimalism hamwe na "imvugo" na "hamwe" tekinoroji "tekinoroji). Igisubizo ni ukumva ko uri mu ngoro. Ni ububiko bwibigori hano, cyangwa icyifuzo "reba cyane" - Gucira urubanza. Aotal izagura iki cyumba kandi irashimishije kuba mwiza kandi abashyitsi ntibarambiranye.