Gahunda yo gutanga amashanyarazi yo kwigenga kugirango ikoreshwe munzu yigihugu: Ibimera bitandukanye bya mini-imbaraga, ibiranga.
Dufite igihe kirekire cyo guhumurizwa no kudatekereza ko udafite amashanyarazi, aho bari hose. Ndetse no mu kazu kayoroshye, uyumunsi ntabwo bisaba nta firigo no gucamo amatara. Ibyago bimwe: kubyerekeye imbaraga zidakoreshwa cyane kandi zimeze neza kuri ubu ugomba kurota. Umufana w'amashanyarazi, imiyoboro ishaje, kubura ubushobozi, ubujura bw'imivugo ... ibibazo byinshi, no kubikemura, bisa na byo ubwabyo. Nibwo utangiye gutekereza kubyerekeye imbaraga zawe bwite, murugo! Kuki? Inzozi zigerwaho rwose.
Ukuri kuba intego ni iyo itumanaho hafi ya zose zigezweho na sisitemu yo gushyigikira inzu yigihugu kurwego rumwe cyangwa ubundi biterwa no gutanga amashanyarazi. Gushyushya, gutanga amazi, imyanda, gutunganya amazi, ibikoresho byo gutabaza no gucana amashusho, amaherezo ibikoresho byo murugo, byose bikenera gutanga ingufu zidacogora. Iyo amashanyarazi aretse kwinjira kurubuga rwawe, sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zishobora no kujya mubikorwa byihutirwa. Ariko benshi muribo banze gukora gusa. Kandi ntabwo no kugabanya urwego rwihumure, ibikoresho bihenze birashobora gusohoka. Kurugero, guhagarara kuramba kuramba mu gihe cy'itumba bizaba bipfunyitse barimo gushyushya sisitemu yo gushyushya kandi amazi.
Birumvikana ko, gutegura neza sisitemu yo gutanga ingufu zizigama nibyiza mububiko cyangwa kurangiza icyiciro. Kugirango ubuzima bwiza iyo buhuze na chertivent yaho, birasa cyane, urashobora byibuze gushiraho stabilizer hamwe nikirere (stabilizer-finting-ikirere). Bizakomeza voltage 220v kururugo rwawe, kandi icyarimwe uyungurura amashanyarazi kuva kumuhanda muremure kandi wirukanwe. Injiza voltage ya voltage murwego rwo murugo (128-275 b), igufasha kwemeza ibikorwa bisanzwe byibikoresho byo murugo mubihe byubushobozi buke (hanze yumujyi akenshi bigomba gukemura ikibazo cyagabanije voltage).
Kandi kugirango amashanyarazi yo murugo yo kwakira ubwigenge kubitego byaho, ukeneye isoko yawe yububiko. Imirire idahwitse ntishobora kuva mumwanya, bakora kugeza igihe cyabaga cya bateri zikoreshwa. Ariko tuvuge iki mugihe kuvugurura ingufu byasubitswe igihe kitazwi? Uyu munsi, generi cyangwa mayeri cyangwa mazutu zishyiraho, cyangwa mini-imbaraga zikoreshwa cyane nkirinzi zizewe cyane. Akenshi ibi bikoresho bizagaragara mugihe cyo kubaka, niba umurongo uhoraho wamashanyarazi utarakorwa kurubuga rwubwubatsi.
Niki?
Igikoresho kimwe cyigenga kibyara amashanyarazi akunze kwitaba bitandukanye. Mububiko rero urashobora kumva amagambo "sisitemu yamashanyarazi", "ishami ryamashanyarazi", "ishyirwaho rya generator", "amashanyarazi" Idr. Ihame, aya mazina yose arakwiye. Turemera guhamagara nkibi ibikoresho bya mini-imbaraga. Ibi bivuga igikoresho ibintu bibiri byingenzi ari moteri yo gutwika imbere na generator yamashanyarazi. Niba koroshya ihame ryo gukora igihingwa cyamashanyarazi gishoboka, birasa nkibi: moteri, yaka lisansi, izenguruka igiti cya rubanda. Generator, nayo, ihindura imbaraga zubukanikari. Niba bidahangayikishijwe ningero zinganda, kandi vuga gusa kuri sitasiyo ntoya yo gukoresha murugo, hanyuma, nkitegeko, "moteri ya moteri" yashyizwe kumurongo ukomeye washyizwe kumurongo wicyuma, ifite tank ya lisansi, Igikoresho cyo gutangiza ishami ryamashanyarazi, urwego rwa peteroli, konte ya motocami, kimwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura. Niba hari amashanyarazi atangiye, sitasiyo ifite ibikoresho (nubwo, kubikora ntabwo birimo mu bukorikori kandi bigakorwa byongeyeho amafaranga).Urutonde rwibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bya sitasiyo birashobora kuba binini bihagije. Ukurikije icyitegererezo, voltmeter, ammeter, ihinduranya voltage yikora cyangwa intoki zo gukingira, inometer (kurinda (kuringaniza itomen), ibyangombwa bitarimo amazi, 12-volt Sohoka DC yo kwishyuza bateri ,.d. Nibyo, buri kintu gisaba kubaka sitasiyo, bivuze ko ikura ikiguzi cyacyo. Kubwibyo, mubihe byinshi, abakora batanze moderi shingiro, kandi ibikoresho byamazi birashobora gutegekwa kumafaranga.
Imbaraga nyinshi zitangwa hamwe nabahuza bisanzwe (kuvuga gusa, socket). Ariko niba igice cyagenewe kwishyiriraho ihagaze nkisoko rihoraho, birumvikana guhuza electrocabietiones kubisohoka bisohoka, mubisanzwe iherereye kuri dashboard ya generator. Gusubiramo hamwe nubusanzwe amanota menshi, socit kuri sitasiyo zifite ibara ryibara bitewe na voltage: Ibara ry'umuhondo- 110- 230v, umutuku-400v.
Turabona imbaraga - 1.
Ibikoresho byoroshye kubikoresho byobikoresho ntibizaguha igitekerezo cyiza cyimbaraga zisabwa za sitasiyo. Birashimishije cyane, imbaraga zirashobora kuvugwa mugihe cyose ukinjiza ibikoresho, ingufu zose zakoreshejwe zihinduwe mubushyuhe cyangwa urumuri. Abaguzi nkabo (amashyiga y'amashanyarazi, amabuye, incagentcent itara, ifasha.p.) bitwa gukora. Kuraho ibintu byose gusa: Niba igikoresho kuri pasiporo kiryama, vuga, 1kw, noneho birahagije kubitanga na 1kw. Abandi baguzi bose (amatara ya lutanga, imyitozo, televiziyo, ikarito ishinga amategeko igaragara, igice cyingufu zabo zihinduka ubushyuhe, kandi igice gikoreshwa mugushiraho imirima ya electonagnetic. Kubara Vinnoler bipima byerekanwe nka cos (cosine fi).
Kubara ingufu zifatika zikoreshwa mubikoresho nkibi, birahagije kureba pasiporo ye. Reka dutanga urugero. AC Uruganda rwa moteri rwamashanyarazi rwerekana imbaraga zayo muri Kiloatts- 4Kw. Ariko iyi niyo mbaraga za mashini kumurima wa moteri. Imbaraga zifatika zamashanyarazi zikoreshwa na moteri zigenwa niyi gaciro zigabanijwe nubushobozi bwibikorwa, nabyo byerekanwe muri pasiporo. Kuri moteri yimbaraga nkizo, imikorere yimikorere ni 86.5%, ni ukuvuga imbaraga zayo zikomeye ni 4.62KW. Ariko, gusimburana moteri yamashanyarazi birimo usibye gukora (thermal) nibigize imbaraga. Kugirango umenye imbaraga zuzuye za moteri, hindukirira pasiporo ye. Fisine fi arerekanwa kandi, tuvuge, ni 0.89. Kubwibyo, imbaraga zose zikoreshwa na moteri yamashanyarazi mu rusobe ntabwo ari 4.62, ariko na rimwe.62: 0.89 = ariko ntabwo ari Kilovt, ariko ntabwo ari Kilovt, ariko ntabwo ari Kilovolt-antere (KVA), aho imbaraga zibarwa ahabigenewe. Niyo mpamvu ko abakora benshi bagaragaza imbaraga zisohoka imbaraga zituruka muri kilowatts, ariko muri Kilovolt ampelt, nibikwiye. Rero, birakenewe kumenya imbaraga zuzuye zo gukoresha amashanyarazi muri vot-amperes. Kugereranya imbaraga zuzuye, abakora batanga kugirango bagabanye indangagaciro zizwi na 0.8-0.9 Niba imikorere yimikorere ya koosj itazwi.
Mini-Power Ibimera byakusanywa mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye bifite ibigo binini cyane byo mu Buyapani, Amerika, UBwongereza, Ubudage, Ubutaliyani n'Uburusiya. Byongeye kandi, amatsinda abiri yabakora arashobora gutandukanywa neza. Ibimera bimwe na bimwe bishingiye kuri moteri zabo mugura ibibazo kuruhande (Uru ruhererekane rurimo Mitsubishi, Lombardini, Yanmar). Abandi batanga sitasiyo bakoresha abaproducer ko umusaruro wacu bwite kandi baguze. Ibi bikorwa na F.G.Wilson (Ubwongereza), Medallwanfabrik Gemallwabrik Gemansen (Ubudage), Mosa (Ubutaliyani (Buligariya), nibindi Hariho ibigo bivugana ninteko gusa. Ibice byose byingenzi (moteri na genemu) bahabwa nabandi bakora. Krymera, kubera ibice byatumijwe mu mahanga ikusanya sitasiyo yacyo munsi yikirango "Veper" ihamye "AMP" (Moscou). Fata ukeka umwe cyangwa abandi bakora, ndetse no ku bigo bitera imbere gusa, nta mpamvu: ku isi yose inzira eshatu zose zirasanzwe. Kuki umara Imbaraga Ziterambere rya Node yawe mugihe ushobora gufata ibice byizewe muri sosiyete yihariye hanyuma ukagabanya ikiguzi cya sitasiyo?
Niba turimo kuvuga moteri ya lisansi, ibihingwa byamashanyarazi bifite ibikoresho byingufu kubakora nka Kubota, Mitsubishi, Yamaha, Rombini, Lombardini, Tecumseh (Ubutaliyani). Dieviel Yakozwe na HONDA yitwa HONDA, Tecumseh, Robin, Yamaha, Kubota, Acme, Rugnininwa (Ubudage), Ibititan (Ubudage), Acme Metrallwanfabrik Gemallwan, akenshi birangirana Amashanyarazi ya gesamu (Ikirangantego Geko), Genera, Stanford (Ubwongereza), Yamaha, Yamaha, Sincro (Ubutaliyani) nabandi.
Ku Isoko ryacu Hano hari ibihingwa byakozwe na Imbaraga zakozwe na Robin Robin (Igabana ryinganda ziremereye FUJI (SWAFUJI Amashanyarazi (HONDA, KUBOTA, YAMAHA, SDMO n'inzoka .
Guhitamo kw'amashanyarazi
Birumvikana ko ibipimo nyamukuru kugirango uhitemo igihingwa cyamashanyarazi nimbaraga zayo, zigomba guhura nimbaraga zibikoresho byo kugaburira. Ba nyir'ibihugu bafite ubwenge bo mu gihugu Urutonde rwabaguzi bahuzaga n'amashanyarazi rushobora guhura nazo, hano gusa ibintu bya tekiniki byibi bya sisitemu, ihuriro ryibikorwa birashoboka kuba bitandukanye. Fata byibuze ikintu cyanyuma kigenwa ninshuro nigihe cyo guhagarika, imibereho numubare wabatuye murugo.
Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kumenya icyo ushaka rwose guhuza uruganda rwimbaraga, kandi ubare imbaraga zose, uzirikana imbaraga zo gutangiriraho zibi cyangwa izindi mashanyarazi hamwe na icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe no guhuza icyarimwe. Bikwiye kwemezwa cyane kubaguzi bafite ubukana bwamashanyarazi, nkibikoresho bya mudasobwa, ibikoresho bya mudasobwa, ibikoresho byanyuma, ibikoresho bipima, nibindi
Hano harigihe cyo gutekereza kubikoresho na sisitemu biboneka munzu bigomba rwose gukoreshwa mbere. Ikigaragara ni uko uruganda rwinyamanswa ari ibikoresho bihenze cyane. Nibyo, n'amashanyarazi bitanga bihenze: Niba uzirikana ikiguzi cya lisansi, kwanga amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi arenze enye "umuyoboro", ukomoka kuri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza. Kubwibyo, inzibacyuho yuzuye kuri "amashanyarazi" ntabwo asobanutse neza. Birakwiriye kugabana abaguzi bose mubyiciro byinshi. Rero, inshingano nyinshi zirashobora kwitirirwa ibikoresho na sisitemu, bitabaye ibyo nibatanga amashanyarazi byazimye, ushobora gukora, nka Sainas, uburyo bwo gushyushya, nibindi. Icyiciro cya kabiri kizaba abaguzi batanga amacumbi meza. Hano urabona, vuga, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni (amashyiga, firigo, ubukorikori, TVS, ibikoresho bya TVS, amashanyarazi, amaherezo, mudasobwa. Icyiciro cya gatatu nibyingenzi, kubera ko bitanga uburyo bwo gufasha ubuzima (kumurika byihutirwa, umutekano hamwe nibikoresho byo kugenzura umuriro, ibikoresho byo kugenzura amashusho, gushyushya amashanyarazi).
Biragaragara, abaguzi icyiciro cya mbere bagomba gukora mugihe cyingenzi cyamashanyarazi gifite ishingiro. Bika imbaraga zose kuri bo ntacyo bivuze kubera igipimo gikomeye cyo "gukenera-agaciro". Avot kubutegetsi kuva mubikomoka ku isoko ibikoresho byinshi bikenewe by'amashanyarazi na sisitemu yo gufasha ubuzima burumvikana. Nkuko imyitozo yerekana, akenshi urutonde rurimo icyumba cya Bouler, impuruza yumutekano, pompe y'amazi, TV na firigo, amatara menshi yo gucana. Nk'uburyo, ubushobozi bwabo bwose bugera kuri 5KW, ariko hamwe nibyifuzo binini ushobora kugabanya ibikenewe byawe igice cyawe, kugeza kuri 3.
Hariho umubare munini wabaguzi bamashanyarazi, mugihe utangiye gutangiza imbaraga zishobora kurenza inshuro 2-3. Imiyoboro minini yo gutangiriraho (bityo rero ibiyobyabwenge binini) muburyo bwo gushiramo ibintu biranga ibikoresho hamwe na moteri yamashanyarazi. Kurugero, impuzandengo yububasha bwa firigo ya firigo ya firigo ni 02KW, kandi mugihe cyo gutangira bizasabwa kubyerekeye 1Kw. Imbaraga za pompe nini zirashobora kuba, kurugero, 1Kw, hamwe nimbaraga mugihe cyo gutangiza bitewe nikibazo kinini cyatangiye kirashobora guhinduka inshuro 5. Noneho, niba utazirikana abatabiriye, gutwika cyangwa generator, cyangwa moteri yamashanyarazi. Abakora hafi yabakora bose baha ibikoresho byimbaraga bakinganira kurenga bashiraho ubushyuhe bwo kwikubita hejuru yumurongo wa Sato yamashanyarazi. Urukurikirane rwa Limex rero rutunganijwe (iterambere rihuriweho ry'abayapani SWAFUJI N'IGIKORWA CY'UBUPANO RW'UBUPANO "). Kandi iyo imbaraga zirenze (niba wowe, kurugero, gerageza ukureho 5KW kuva kuri sitasiyo ya 4kw) thermostat izimya igice.
Abahanga bemeza ko uruganda rugomba gukora "bafite ububiko", 80-90% by'imbaraga zashyizweho. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza muburyo bwo kubona ituze, igihe cyo gukora ubukungu n'ubukungu. Nibyo imbaraga za sitasiyo ubwabo abakora ukundi. Inyandiko za Vatechnical kubice byiburayi zanditswe, nkitegeko, ritanga imbaraga. Muri uru rubanza, ibikoresho byonyine birashobora guhuzwa muribi, imbaraga zacyo mugihe cyo gutangira cyose kitarenze imbaraga zibihingwa byamashanyarazi. Hafi yigice icyo ari cyo cyose cyubuyapani gifite ibiranga bibiri - Ingoma n'imbaraga nyinshi. Kuri sitasiyo yizina, ikora igihe kirekire kugeza igihe cya lisansi cyangwa impinduka zamavuta. Itandukaniro riri hagati yumupaka ugaragazwa nuwabikoze nimbaraga zateganijwe nimbaraga zisabwa gutanga imigezi mugihe gito. Sitasiyo kuva ku izina rya sitasiyo ntarengwa irashobora gukora muri 5-10, ntarengwa ntarengwa ya 20-30, nyuma yo koroshya ubushyuhe buteganijwe mu kuzimya igice. Uburyo bwigihe kirekire bwo kwigarurira bwagenewe gukora kuri 80% yimbaraga zashyizwe ahagaragara. Mu rubanza, guhuza ibikoresho byinshi kugirango imbaraga zo gutangira mumafaranga itarenze imbaraga ntarengwa za sitasiyo.
Ibyerekeye Amashanyarazi
Mugihe uhitamo igihingwa cyamashanyarazi, witondere generator ifite icyarimwe icyarimwe cyangwa idasanzwe. Ubwoko bwamasomero ya lischronous ibibazo bihamye voltage hamwe nibipimo byinshi. Sitasiyo hamwe na generator nkiyi nibyiza gukoreshwa, kwihanganira imigenzo yo gutangira, irashobora gutoranya ibikoresho byuzuye, bidasaba cyane imiterere yuburyo bwiza, ntabwo bisaba ibikoresho byubugarazi, ntibisaba cyane imiterere myiza, ndetse nibikoresho byo murugo (pomps, imashini zikaraba, n'ibindi). Mu gihe cyambere mukubaka amashanyarazi, amasoko ya Synoctor ya Synorchle akoreshwa adakeneye kubungabunga.Abakozi ba Leta ya Asyntchrous batanga Sinuside Yera, ariko birenze urugero hamwe no gutangiza imigezi muri uru rubanza ntabwo bitifuzwa cyane. Nibyiza guhuza sitasiyo hamwe na "Asynchronic" yoroheje ibitonyanga bya voltage, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, mudasobwa, ibibanza bya CD, nibindi bibanga, cyangwa niba imbaraga za Moteri yamashanyarazi hamwe nubundi bubiko bwa Inductive mumikino 3-4 idafite imbaraga, nibyiza kandi gusaba "Asynchronics".
Icyiciro kimwe cyangwa icyiciro cyicyiciro cya gatatu gishobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwamashanyarazi. Iya mbere itange ibindi hamwe na voltage ya 220 v hamwe na metero 50 hz, iya kabiri yagenewe 220, na 380v. Byongeye kandi, niba icyiciro kimwe gusa gishobora guhuzwa nigice kimwe, icyiciro cya gatatu kirashobora gutanga imbaraga mubikoresho byabazwe haba kuri 220 na 380 V. Niba ugiye kugura amashanyarazi hamwe na generator imwe, Birahagije nta makosa yo kubara abaguzi bakenewe (kwizirika kuri Paaninchers) hanyuma wishyure igiteranyo gifite imbaraga zidakwiye (zongeraho 25-30% kubigega).
Kubijyanye na fase yimyaka itatu, mugihe uhuza nabaguzi bo mucyiciro kimwe, ikibazo cyicyiciro cya skew gishobora kubaho: Umwe muribo azakorerwa bike, undi ni mwinshi. Ubwa mbere, icyiciro cya skew (ni ukuvuga, itandukaniro ryimbaraga zabaguzi zifitanye isano nabo) kuri sitasiyo ya synortory idakwiye kurenga 1/3, 30%. Niba, kurugero, igice cyawe cyicyiciro cya gatatu gifite imbaraga za 6kw, imbaraga zose zabaguzi bihemuka ntibagomba kurenza 2Kw kumurongo umwe. Niba kandi uhuza umushyuha, byibuze kw 1.5, hari amahirwe ko ibiganiro bikamba. Icya kabiri, nubwo haba umuyoboro wicyiciro cya gatatu munzu yawe, amashanyarazi yinyuma yo gutanga tekinike arashobora gutegurwa muburyo bumwe. Ariko birakenewe kubara niyihe mubyiciro bya generator biremerewe byinshi, ariko ni ikihe kintu gito cyo kwirinda skew. Nibyiza, mugihe buri cyumweru hari abaguzi batatu mu cyiciro bitatu barakora, guhitamo kwa moteri y'ibihe bitatu (byashyizweho, urugero, kurugero nka Geko 6000 Ed-A / HHDA , Ese 204 uhereye ku nyongera cyangwa gelace ya Gelace kuva Mosa). Irashobora kwihanganira icyiciro cya Skews kugeza 80%.
Dusuzumye imbaraga - 2.
Kubara imbaraga zikora, imbaraga zose zashizweho zabaguzi bahisemo benshi bagwiza kubipimo. Bizirikana amahirwe yo kudakoresha kwinjiza hamwe nibishoboka byumutwaro wuzuye wabaguzi. Agaciro ka Coefficient ikoreshwa ni 25-30%. Kubara kwacu, birashobora kwemerwa kimwe cyangwa hafi yayo. Noneho tubara imbaraga zuzuye mugutera imbaraga zingirakamaro kuri cos. Imbaraga ziterwa na mini-yamashanyarazi zigomba kurenza iyi gaciro, kuzirikana igihe cyo gutangira.
Dufate ko imbaraga zifatika zashizwemo abakoresha inzu bafite icyiciro cyicyiciro bitatu ni 30 kw hamwe nibintu byububasha (cosine fi) 0.9. Kuzuza abaguzi birerekana: 1) Kumura - 3kw, 2) Kurabyo byihutirwa - 1KVT, 3) Kwishyiriraho Amashanyarazi- 2,5KT, 6) Impinduro- 0,5kvt , 7) Mudasobwa zitanga imbaraga- 0.5K, 8) Ibindi bikoresho - 10,5KW. Nibihe bikoresho gutanga, kukugikuruza. Mu magambo make, ku mukoresha ushinzwe cyane cyane arimo imyanya ya 2, 4 na 6. Imbaraga zikora zashyizweho ni 3,5KW, hamwe na byose, bizakora icyarimwe hamwe nubushake bwuzuye (cosine fi ) - 0.9. Guhera ikirizwa kubera kubura moteri yamashanyarazi ntagereranywa, intangiriro yo gukemura ikigezweho irashobora kwemerwa na 1.1. Noneho imbaraga zifatika zabaguzi bafite inshingano zizaba 3.5 1 = 3.5 kw, hamwe nububasha bwuzuye ni 3.5: 0.9 = 3,68 KVA. Gushyigikira guhera kuri iki gihe na coeeffificuri zibikwa, bigomba kugenwa muri pasiporo yigiti cyamashanyarazi (vuga, 1,2), uruganda rwinyamanswa rugomba gutoranywa nibura 3.68 1.2 = 4,85kva.
Moteri!
Mini-Power Ibimera bifite ibikoresho byo gutwika imbere, cyangwa lisansi cyangwa mazutu. Igiteranyo gifite moteri ya lisansi cyakozwe mu mbaraga za 0.5-12KW, hamwe na Diesel - kuva kuri 2k na hejuru. Ikibazo rero moteri ihitamo, ibaho gusa niba ukeneye sitasiyo yamashanyarazi kuva 2 kugeza 12kw: Igiteranyo gifite imbaraga 12kw mubisanzwe zikozwe na mazutu.
Ugereranije na moteri ya mazutu, ibikoresho bya lisansi, usibye umurabyo no gutandukana, ntabwo ari urusaku rwinshi kandi ruke kandi runini kandi rukomeye. Igiteranyo cya lisansi gifite ibikoresho byinshi (kugeza kuri 6kw) na kiliziya kugeza kuri 12 gusa) hamwe na strone ya stroke yakoreshejwe. Imiterere nkiyi igufasha kugabanya ubuso bwurugereko rwaka (kandi, kubwibyo, gabanya ubushyuhe bwa Node ubwayo) no kongera urwego rwo kwikuramo, bityo bongere imbaraga zo guhomba. Ibice nkibi bifite intebe (ibicuruzwa bizwi cyane kuva HONDA, Briggs Stratton, Yamaha, Suzuki). Moteri zose zigezweho zimaze muri iboneza ryibanze zifite ibikoresho byo murwego rwamavuta, kandi niba urwego rwa peteroli muri Crank ari munsi ya kamere, sisitemu irashonga ku gahato moteri.
Sitasiyo ya lisansi hamwe nubushobozi bwa 6-7KWs akenshi bifite ibikoresho bya silinderi imwe imwe hamwe na moteri ya ane hamwe kandi ifite imiterere ifunguye. Urugero, kurugero, urwego rwicyiciro cyamashanyarazi kimwe cya EF-4600e kuva Yamaha, "indashyikirwa" ubundi 15.9a, cyangwa icyitegererezo cya EP3000 kuva HONDA (220V, gusimburana 9a). Intera iri hagati yiyo moto ya Honda ni 100h, kubungabunga bigabanuka kumavuta. Lisansi ni lisansi isanzwe yimodoka ya ai-92 cyangwa igirango cya Ai-95 (cyane cyane Ai-92). Amavuta akoreshwa igice-synthique cyangwa amabuye.
Kugirango utangire moteri ikonje, ugomba gupfuka ikirere kandi, nkuko moteri irashyuha, ifunguye. Birumvikana ko bishoboka kugabanya itangizwa. Rero, ku moto kuva Honda, sisitemu ikoreshwa, mugihe cyo gusebanya gifungura impanuka kugirango yorohereze imbaraga. Ariko tuvuge iki mugihe utuye munzu buri gihe cyangwa mugihe cyo guhagarika umuyoboro muriho hari abantu bakuze hamwe nabana bato? Muri iki kibazo, birumvikana kugumana sitasiyo ukoresheje amashanyarazi cyangwa kugura igitabo cya kure. Gusa ugurisha nugurisha niba icyitegererezo cyawe cyatoranijwe cyemerera kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi atangira kandi bigatangira gukoresha igenzura rya kure bihujwe na sitasiyo.
Sitasiyo hamwe na moteri ya lisansi igomba kugurwa niba idasabwa gushyiramo kenshi kandi mugihe kirekire kandi ukeneye imbaraga nto ugereranije (5-6KW). Ubu ni amahitamo meza yihutirwa "byihutirwa" cyangwa ibihe (reka tuvuge, ku nzu ya cottage) y'amashanyarazi. Cyangwa, tuvuge ko nta mucyo ufite imyaka ibiri mumwaka. Kugura Diesel Ubukungu budashyigikiwe: Moderi zihenze cyane ntabwo ikwiye amadorari 900, mugihe mazutu (kuva 2ww) izatwara amadorari 1400-1500. Mubyukuri, ikiguzi kimwe mububasha bwa lisansi na moteri ya mazutu biratandukanye inshuro 2.
Kubera ko bidatinze, utegereje ko sitasiyo izakorwa kenshi cyangwa ikorwa nk'isoko ihoraho y'amashanyarazi, cyangwa, amaherezo, irakenewe, amahitamo arenga, guhitamo moteri ya mazutu biragaragara. . Ibikoresho bya Diesel birakomeye mubukungu kuruta lisansi. Imbere queue, habaho kunywa lisansi nkeya, bityo rero ibiciro bike byo kugura mazutu. Kuberako, mubyukuri, sitasiyo zikomeye 12kw kandi zihagarariwe na moderi ya mazutu. Byongeye kandi, imipaka yo hejuru yimbaraga zabo ntabwo igarukira, kandi imbaraga za lisansi ntizirenga 9-12Kw. Kandi nanone: ugereranije na lisansi, lisansi ya mazutu ntabwo ari umuriro muto kandi birashobora kuba byoroshye gukoresha. Ariko ntugomba kwibagirwa kugenda mugihe cya lisansi yimbeho: Kubushyuhe bwa-15, lisansi yo mu cyi yubahirije umwanda zitandukanye, ihinduka virusi. Indi mpaka zingenzi zishyigikira moteri ya mazutu ni umutungo munini wakazi (niba ugereranije na lisansi). Nzagira amasaha agera kuri 8.
Amashanyarazi ya Diesel aratandukanye ukurikije uburyo bwo gukonjesha: umwuka ukonje nubwinshi bwikirere, hamwe namazi nkuko firigo ikoreshwa na toosol. Moteri nziza ya Diesel ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubihingwa bihagaze, nka ese ibice bya ext kuva ku iherezo, muburyo bwa ext ya elen 12d kuva kuri honda, Gl6500s kuva Kubota Idr. Nk'itegeko, umusaraba muri bo washyizwe mu guswera urusaku, aho bidashoboka gutanga ubukonje bwo mu kirere. Kuri sitasiyo igendanwa kandi yimuka (kurugero, ecpa 15000 yavuye muri Geko, Eda 5000 Te muri Yamaha, umurongo wa robin), umurongo ukonjesha) Diesel afite ibiciro byibikoresho.
Gukora moteri ya mazutu birashobora gukorwa kuri-25c. Kugira ngo byorohereze itangizwa, birashoboka kongera indege ifata ikirere ifite ubushyuhe bw'amashanyarazi (iyi nzira itangwa kumafaranga). Ariko hamwe nigitonyanga gityaye yubushyuhe, hamwe na condenses ya mosere, ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubice bya elegitoronike byigihingwa cyamashanyarazi cya mazuvu (akanama gateganijwe, iminyururu, generator). Kubwibyo, ubushyuhe bwa pasiporo yimirimo yibimera byingufu (urugero, SDMO yubufaransa) -5c. Ugomba rero gutekereza kugirango ugaragaze ko icyumba cyo gushyushya, aho parike ifite ibikoresho.
Automation
Noneho, wasobanuye ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bizakenera gucanwa uhereye kumasoko yinyuma. Bamwe muribo, birakenewe kurambura mu ruganda rwingufu murwanga butandukanye (nta guhuza bikurikiranye). Uzakira rero umuyoboro wabigenewe. Kandi ntugomba kubona urumuri, wigaze ibyumba, uhagarike ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi umwe umwe mbere yo gukora mini-Power. Nyuma ya byose, birahagije kwibagirwa kuzimya isahani cyangwa firigo, hamwe na generator (niba idakozwe kumisozi isa) yaka. Gahunda ya electrocups zitandukanye nibyiza gutanga igishushanyo nubwubatsi. Niba uguze sitasiyo ku nzu yarangiye, insinga zirashobora guterwa binyuze mumiyoboro ya kabili.Ariko uburyo bwo gutera urugo rusanzwe na backup umuyoboro hagati yabo? Kugirango ukore ibi, urashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye cyangwa byikora.
Mu rubanza rwa mbere, hagomba gushyirwaho mu nzu yiswe Chopper ifite imyanya ibiri yigenga: "Kuva ku muyoboro" na "Kuva kuri sitasiyo" hamwe na clack "hamwe no guhagarika imashini zibangamira icyarimwe .
Tekereza ufite amatara yose, TV, amashyiga y'amashanyarazi, ibikoresho by'amajwi n'ibikoresho bitangaje. Kandi mu buryo butunguranye bwo gutanga ingufu zihagarara. Uramanuka ugana munsi, tangira uruganda rwimbaraga hanyuma uhuze numuyoboro wabitswe. Nyuma yigihe gito barongera batanga urumuri, kandi niba uhagaritse electroagregorregat kubyishimo, ariko ntuzimya sitasiyo kuva kumurongo, generator yaka gusa. Ibi ntibizabaho mugihe guhindura impinduka zashyizwe munzu.
Kugirango tutababazwa no gutangiza intoki, kugura sitasiyo yamashanyarazi kuri sitasiyo ($ 50-150). Muri iki kibazo, sitasiyo izatangirana kanda rimwe rya buto. Urashobora kandi kugura panel igenzura yinzego za Wired (agaciro kayo ziratandukanye nabakora amadorari 200 kugeza $ 350) - Biteganijwe ko mubishushanyo, ahubwo biratangira amashanyarazi.
Ariko hari ibikoresho byemerera sitasiyo mu buryo bwikora, utabigizemo uruhare. Imyanya ya elegitoroniki ikurikirana imiterere yumurongo munini wamashanyarazi kandi wigenga utangira sitasiyo mugihe habaye imihangayiko ibuze byibuze muri kimwe mubyiciro. Iyo usubiza imbaraga zihagaze, umutwaro usubira inyuma, sitasiyo ubwayo irahinduka muburyo bwo guhagarara. Igihe ntarengwa cyo kubura voltage hagati yigihombo cya voltage murusobe nyamukuru no gusubukura ibicuruzwa biva muri generator ni abakora amasegonda 20 kugeza kuri 50.
Urashobora gutuza byoroshye ikibazo cyibikorwa byo kugenzura byikora uhagarika guhitamo kuri sitasiyo ya elegitoroniki. Ni ukundi, mu cyiciro kimwe ese804bs / s es moderi (igice cya generine synoctrous; $ 2750) uhereye ku mpengamiro, "Umusambanyi" ABP-6- 230-WFBSG (GOSSOne Synchrous; $ 3100) kuva "amp-kit", eisemann p700ublc (synonarronous; $ 3770), nibindi
Ese804bs / s sitasiyo es na "Veper" abp-6-230-WCHBSG Ishami ryahinduwe no kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byashyizwe ukwayo, mumazu yayo, kuruhande rwibitabo. Igenzura na sitasiyo byahinduwe kuri buriwese ikimenyetso na kabili. Automation ikurikirana igabanuka (mubisanzwe kurwego rwa 150 v) cyangwa ibura rya voltage kandi ihitamo kwimura amashanyarazi kubiryo byigenga. Sitasiyo isigaye kuva hejuru yubatswe-muri elegitoroniki. Kurugero, kuri terefone yinjiza "ingufu" ya "ingufu za 5kw), birahagije guhuza" zeru "na" imiturire yo hanze), hamwe ninzu yimbere umuyoboro urashobora gufatwa nkubujijwe. Iyo umuyoboro wo hanze ukwiye, amashanyarazi abaguzi arahindukira - sitasiyo isimbuka ikigezweho "binyuze muri iki gihe". Bimaze kunanirwa (itonyanga, voltage irakabije cyangwa yazimiye), sitasiyo itangira. Mugihe usubiza imbaraga zihagaze, uhinduranya isoko yo hanze. Byongeye kandi, uruganda rwinyamanswa ruzakora mugihe ikigega kitangiza lisansi. Bizakenerwa gusa no kongeramo lisansi.
Igenzura ryikora, guhinduranya ibice (umugenzuzi ushinzwe gahunda, abahamagarirana, ibikoresho bya Uzo It.D.) Hashyizweho hafi yitsinda ry'amashanyarazi. Ibikorwa byose byo kwishyiriraho no gukora amashanyarazi birashobora gukurikiza ibigo binini byabagurisha hamwe na serivisi zabo (Bene muri Aoyama "," Technoware "). Kuri sitasiyo nto, igice cyo gutangira byikora mugihe umutwaro wabuze murusobe rwibanze rufite $ 600, kandi kubijyanye nogumanone bikaba $ 1500-1900 cyangwa birenga (kwizirika ku buhangane bwakazi). Igiciro cya node giterwa nimbaraga zumutwaro. Kurugero, EAST 5 / 5D Automation GAOLUPA, YAKORESHEJWE 3.6 NA 5KW, na EASTER 22/40 (ifite ubushobozi bwa 800 (hamwe nubushobozi bwa 800. Sisitemu yo kugenzura amafaranga yigenga (ukoresheje ibice byatumijwe mu mahanga) bizatwara amadorari 1500-3000, harimo ikiguzi cyo kwiyongera.
Niki ugomba kwishyura byinshi?
Kimwe nigice icyo aricyo cyose hamwe na moteri yo gutwika imbere, igihingwa cyamashanyarazi nurusaku. Kandi akomeye, ntabwo umerewe neza. Urusaku rurerure ntirushimishije, ni ngombwa rero gutanga ingamba zimwe zo kuyirinda. Ni iki gishobora gukorwa? Usibye kuba sitasiyo yashyizwe mucyumba kidasanzwe (munsi yo hasi cyangwa kwagura kugeza munzu), byaba byiza uhisemo icyitegererezo hamwe nigiti cyahinduwe cyangwa mu gisasu kirinda urusaku. Iyanyuma izongera ikiguzi cya sitasiyo kumadorari 800-1. Ishyirahamwe ryibiciro bisukuye birashobora kuvugwa ko casing atari umugozi wicyuma, ahubwo ni uburyo bwo gutekereza neza aho uwabikoze yazirikanaga ibibazo byo gukonjesha, gukuraho imyuka ibura, imiyoboro y'urusaku, imiyoboro (Kurugero, aho tank nijosi), nibindi.
Igihe cyo gukora gukurikira sitasiyo nta lisansi bigenwa nubunini bwa tank ya lisansi no kurya bya lisansi. Kurugero, kuri sitasiyo nto hamwe nubushobozi bwiza bwa moteri ya 6.5l, birahagije kumasaha 3-3.5 yo gukora mugihe apakira ku mbaraga zafashwe. Ikigega cy'ubushobozi bwagutse (vuga, 25l) bizagufasha gukora kuri lisansi imwe ya lisansi amasaha 9-10. Urashobora, kugura icyitegererezo gisanzwe, nyuma shaka tank yagutse cyangwa uhita uguma kuri sitasiyo hamwe na tank nini. Nyamuneka menya ko kunywa lisansi byagenwe nuwabikoze ari isano: mugihe ukora ku mitwaro itandukanye uhereye ku mbaraga zateganijwe, ibipimo birashobora gutandukana cyane. Ku gice kinini cyamashanyarazi gikoreshwa nkisoko yamashanyarazi, birumvikana, urashobora kugura tank ya lisansi yo hanze kugirango uhore wongere lisansi. Ariko nibyiza "kwicara ku nteko ya lisansi", n'aho tukabika ububiko bwe? Ahari nibyiza kongeramo amavuta kuri tank. Biroroshye guhangana na Diesel. Byakunze kugurwa niba icyumba cyo guteka gikora kuri lisansi ya mazutu hamwe numwanya wa lisansi usanzwe uboneka.
Bika lisansi (kugeza 25%) no kugabanya urusaku (kuri 5-6DB) yemerera sisitemu ya elegitoronike kugirango impinduramatwara yikora. Munsi yumutwaro, moteri ya sitasiyo izunguruka hamwe ninshuro 3000 rpm, kandi iyo abaguzi b'amashanyarazi bahagaritswe, bihinduka ubusa. Kwinjiza abaguzi biganisha ku kwiyongera ako kanya mumibare yimpinduramatwara kuri nomine. Ibi bice nkibi byashyizwe kumurongo wintoki za Honda, Sawafuji, Roko, kuri Sitasiyo ya Gekorenfabrik Gemarenfabrik Gemarenfabrik Gemaren ubukungu bwubukungu). Sisitemu yo kugenzura byikora yihuta yumuvuduko wa moteri yongera ikiguzi cyingufu zijyanye na 10-15% (mubakora ibitandukanye).
Kwinjiza no guhuza uruganda rwimbaraga, ugomba gukoresha serivisi zubushakashatsi. Igiciro cya serivisi nkizo ni hafi 10% yigituba agaciro (niba ibintu byose ukeneye kubona "kuva kumuboko umwe").
Hanyuma, ibyifuzo byinshi byo gushyira uruganda rwimbaraga. Igomba gushyirwaho hejuru yubuso, mucyumba gitandukanye, kirinzwe mubushuhe, giherereye kure yibikoresho byaka kandi bifite umwuka mwiza. Gushiraho igihingwa cyamashanyarazi munzu ya boiler nabyo bibuza imyuka, nabashinzwe kuzimya umuriro. Ubundi, urashobora gutumiza mini-kontineri itegamiyeho hamwe na sisitemu yo gushyushya mugihe cyimbeho, sisitemu yo kwizihira umuriro hamwe nu guhumeka. Igiciro cyicyitegererezo cyo murugo ni kuva $ 1000. Kubura igisubizo nkicyo nuko ntabwo abantu bose bazahitamo kwangiza ubwoko bwurubuga "agasanduku k'icyuma".
Noneho, niba uhisemo gutuma inka yawe yigenga yigenga kumpanuka yinyamanswa zaho, inzozi zawe zirashobora kuba impamo. Kandi ifunguro rya nimugoroba ntugomba kurya. Nibura kugahato.
Econica-Techno "Ecoconica", "Techno", "Verishman"