Umuntu wese azi ibyerekeye Ubworozi. Ariko n'abagurisha rimwe na rimwe ntibizwi n'ibiranga cyane, ubwoko bw'amoko, gushyira uburyo n'amabwiriza akoreshwa.
Inyandiko nyinshi zandikira uburyo ibikoresho byuburyo bwa porcelain, ibuye risumba izindi, amabati yose, n'amabati. Umunani muri aya magambo numva ko ushikamye ko umuguzi atazahura ningorabahizi mugugura no kubikomeza. Ariko, imyitozo yerekana ikindi. Umuguzi, kandi rimwe na rimwe umugurisha ntazwi ibimenyetso byingenzi bya ceramic gramic gramic, ubwoko butandukanye bwayo, gahunda, gahunda, uburyo bwo gushyira no gukoresha no gukoresha neza ...
-Nibyiza, ufite amashusho ya Porcelain?
-Kose, dore! "
(Ikiganiro ku isoko)
Ntabwo tuzasubira ku kibazo cyinkomoko yumutwe na Porcerare ya Porcelain, kubera ko ibi atari ngombwa. Twibukishije gusa ko tile yamabuye yubukorikori yavutse mu ntangiriro ya 80 yo mu kinyejana gishize mu Butaliyani. Uyu munsi, ibi bikoresho byabyaye imishinga yihariye namasosiyete atanga amabati asanzwe. Muri "Ibitabo by'ibitabo byihariye bizwiho ku bikarwa, Casa Dolce Casa, Casalgrande-Padana, FabricaAndre, SABITIGRI, ETINERAM. "Ceramic" ifatanyabikorwa byavuzwe mbere mu isuzuma ryeguriwe amabati ryemewe kandi rikagira icyegeranyo cyigenga cya Greparlanato, kandi gihuza ibijyanye na Greparllanato, kandi bihuza ibinyabiziga byigenga, kandi bihuza ibiraro byinkike ku rukuta na Sterneware. Twita bimwe muri ibyo bigo: Ascot, Iris, Lea, Atlas Concorde, Dom, Imola, Aparicisa, Rex, VaRenda, PEROPE, TAU CERAMIKA (Eskine ), Cerarati (Ubufaransa), Norwagres (Porutugali) Idr.
Niba uhisemo gushikama kuyobora amashusho ya porcelain hasi, kubera imitungo yihariye (hafi yabo nyuma yurukuta (kubera ubudakema budasanzwe), urashobora guhora uhitamo umwe -Icyegeranyo kiva kubakora kimwe, ntarambirwa "kwiziba", ni ukuvuga gushakisha kwigenga kugirango dukorwe neza.
Icyamamare cya Grestlanato (izina ry'Ubutaliyani ryibitabo by'i Prowcelain) mu baguzi bifitanye isano n'imitungo yayo biterwa n'ubuzima butaziguye ku bigize, ingamba zo gutunganya no gutunganya no gutunganya no gutunganya. Ukurikije ibihimbano, ibikoresho bifitanye isano nibicuruzwa bifitanye isano na farcelain, ukurikije ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku nganda ribishyira kuri tile yo kurasa umwe, no ku mutungo wanyuma ugereranywa n'ibuye risanzwe.
Mu ruvange rwambere rwamamara amashusho arimo ubwoko bwinshi bwumucyo, nitwa Umuzungu, ibumba rikize muri Kaolinite; umucanga; feldspar; gushushanya pigment - oxide y'icyuma; Selenium; Cadmium nibindi bintu. Ibigize byose bifite inkomoko karemano kandi, bitandukanye nibice bya granite karemano, ntukore isoko yimirasire ya radiyo. Ibikoresho byo gusya birakandamijwe mu gitutu kinini (45mpa, cyangwa 450Atm) mu kashe kashe ishoboye gutanga ubutaka bwamabuye, umuyobozi wa Parquet n'ibindi bikoresho. Imyiteguro yubunini butandukanye (1515, 20, 3030, 3040, 4060, 4060, 6060, 6060SM ya MM 8 kugeza kuri mm 8 kugeza kuri 15). Ibi bibona ibitsina bya porcelain tile, birangwa n'ibara rihuriweho mubyiciro byayo byose. Biroroshye gutandukanya ibisanzwe ceramic ceramic tile, ifite deuterne (umubiri) haba umutuku cyangwa umweru ufite ibara ritandukanye.
Niba uwabikoze ashaka kwigana ibintu byimbitse kuri marble, agaruye, ibiti, tiramic tile cyangwa imitako yacyo, adashaka guhenze binyuze muri staining, glands (nto). Igishushanyo kizunguruka cyangwa gutera kugeza kurasa. Igisubizo ni ubwoko bubiri bwubuso: haba ibirahuri bifatika, bisa na glaze ya tile isanzwe, cyangwa urwego rwa matte. Kubwibyo byari bimeze mbere, Tile isa cyane na ceramic, kubara kabiri yinjira mubacuruzi. Stvidoy Tile ntabwo atandukanya ababihumana, ahubwo uruhande rwinyuma rwindi bara.
Ikoranabuhanga risa rikoreshwa mu musaruro wa Satin Porcelain. Mbere yo kuvura ubushyuhe, ibicuruzwa byarangiye bitwikiriwe na knorstal ya tarvale ihuza hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gushonga. Nkigisubizo, biragaragara gato, nkaho byari bimeze, "byoroshye".
Igitsina kimwe cyangwa cyanditseho farashi yo mu itanura, nk'itegeko, bifite ubuso bwa matte. Kugirango ubone imiterere itandukanye, tile yoroshye isukuye mubwiza, kandi "ntanganiye" (nk'ibuye) ryiyandikishwa kugirango ukore imiterere ishimishije ikomatanya kandi imeze. Byongeye kandi, amashusho ya Porcelain yakosowe nimpande (impande) kugirango ibone ibipimo nyabyo kandi ikureho microcol nyuma yo gusya. Ibi bituma bishoboka kubiryamana nkibuye, hafi nta kashe.
Rero, hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa Grecellanato muburyo butandukanye icyarimwe: Matte, isigaye, Semi isenyutse, yakosowe, yakosowe. Kandi baratandukanye cyane mumiterere no kumiterere runaka.
Muburyo bwo kurasa mumubiri wakandamijwe, amabati ni inzira yo kuvugurura (gukura kwa kristu muri misa yangiritse). Vitunga ni ubusumbabiri, mubyukuri ibikoresho bya monolichic bifite uburozi buke. Nibwo bigena inyungu nyamukuru za porcelain Stoware: Kwinjiza amazi make (munsi ya 0.05%), kurwanya ubukonje, kurwanya ingaruka zimiti. Ibicuruzwa byanyuma birangwa no gutuza mubunini, gukomera kwinshi, kuramba, kwambara no kubungabunga amabara no kubungabunga amabara mubikorwa byimirasire ya ultraviolet. Ibintu byose bigereranijwe kumahame mpuzamahanga kandi byerekanwe mubicuruzwa nibipfunyika.
Norm Din 51130.
| Ku gifuniko cyo hasi mukarere kakazi hamwe nubuso bwa slippery | ||
| Itsinda | Inguni, | Umwanya wa Porogaramu |
|---|---|---|
| R 9. | Munsi ya 10. | Ibyumba byo kwambara, uturere tw'abantu bambaye ubusa, nibindi. |
| R 10. | Kuva ku 10 kugeza 19 | Ubwiherero, koridoro, igikoni, nibindi. |
| R 11. | Kuva kuri 20 kugeza 27 | Kumesa, gufungura Verandas, amaterasi, nibindi |
| R 12. | Kuva 28 kugeza 35 | Gutunganya inyama, igikoni cy'inganda, inganda z'isukari, n'ibindi. |
| R 13. | Hejuru ya 35. | Uduce twihariye rwibigo byinganda. |
Orgrgr din 51097.
| Ku gipfukisho cyo hasi ahantu hitose aho amaguru ya bos agenda | ||
| Itsinda ry'isuzuma | Inguni, | Umwanya wa Porogaramu |
|---|---|---|
| A. | Kurenga 12. | Ibyumba byo kwambara, uturere tw'abantu bambaye ubusa, nibindi. |
| B. | Kurenga 18. | Ibyumba byo kwiyuhagira, uruhande rwibidendezi, nibindi |
| C. | Kurenga 24. | Uruhande rw'ibidendezi hamwe n'umusozi, ingazi z'amazi, n'ibindi. |
Imitungo n'aho ujya
Kwinjiza amazi (En 99) na Kurwanya ubukonje (En 202). Ibaraza rya Porcelain, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, rifite amazi yo hasi (kuva 0,01 kugeza 0.05%) mu bikoresho byose by'ibihuri (gusa mosaic gusa ntibikurura ubuhehere mu ihame). Kugereranya: agaciro ntarengwa kuri tile ceramic ni 1%, kuri granite 0.46%, kuri marble - 0.11%. Tile y'Ibuye ry'amabuye rishobora gushyirwa ahantu hose: ku muhanda, mu nzu, munzu, no gukoresha igikoresho cya pallet yo kwiyuhagira nta bwoba butinye nyuma y'imvura cyangwa ubugingo. Ariko ntibisobanura ko bikwiye kunyeganyeza igikombe cya pisine cyangwa igisenge cy'akazu. Kubera iki? - Urabaza. Kuberako mugihe abakora batakora ibyegeranyo byera cyangwa ibidukikije. Byahinduka bihenze cyane (bihendutse kugura mozayike imvange), na tile yubwoko "umunyu-pepper" cyangwa munsi yibuye rizareba mubyimbye byamazi umwanda wanduye. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, Gresha Porcelanato ntashobora gusimbuza amabati ku gisenge gihanamye, ariko kunyuranya na veranda iringaniye cyangwa urubuga ku gisenge. Birumvikana, ni ngombwa gutanga inyanja nziza buri 2-3m, sisitemu yo gutembera mumazi (hamwe na molay ntoya 2), amazi meza kandi meza kandi meza.Kwinjiza amazi make bigaragarira mubukonje. Kubera ko ubushuhe butinjira mubiri, igihe ubushyuhe bugabanuka ku ndangagaciro mbi, kristu yo gushiraho urubura ntabwo bivunika tile. Ibara rya Porcelain (ukurikije ibisubizo byibizamini bisanzwe) kandi birashobora kwihanganira hejuru ya 50 ikonjesha no kuvura.
Imbaraga zoroheje (En 100). Nk'uko iki kimenyetso kibitangaza, amashusho ya porcelain ni amabuye inshuro 3 zihamye, inshuro 2 no muri tile-1,5 zo hasi. Nk'uko amakuru yatanzwe mubikoresho byabakora, agaciro kava kuri 35 kugeza 63n / mm2y, ni 50 nm2, zirenga cyane urwego ruremwe rushyiraho amabati - 27 nm2. Imiterere yubuso, ibara nimbuzi bigira ingaruka kuri gato imbaraga zo kunama. Niba ibikoresho biteganijwe kuba binini, bafata tile (10-12mm) nto ku rutugu runyeganyega kugirango rucike.
Imbaraga nyinshi za porcelain ibipimo byamabuye ntibigomba kuba impamvu yo gushiramo amabati ku bice biterimbere. Basabye guhuza neza (munsi yimpande za tile ntibigomba kuba impfabusa) hamwe nurufatiro rukomeye rukomeye, hamwe nibigize ibikorwa bigomba gushyirwaho ubugero, nta cluster. Bitabaye ibyo, kanda kuri tile, uzamuka. Ibi rimwe na rimwe bibaho ku ngazi, aho intambwe zidafite ishingiro zireba.
Kubwamahirwe, amabati ya Ceramic, harimo na farashi yamabuye, ntukumve imbaraga. Ibi biterwa nuko hari ibikoresho bikomeye kandi byoroshye bisaba ubwitonzi mugihe cyo gutwara no kurambika. Amagare arasanzwe ko amashusho ya Porcelain azahangana nigitonyanga mu bwogero bwo kwiyuhagira kandi ntazababara. Ntabwo aribyo. Nubwo imbaraga nyinshi kuruta igihe cyo muri ceramic, zizahindukira kugongana nkikinegu, ibuye rya artificiel ryangiritse. Ni gake guhura nibintu byingenzi, ntugahangayikishwe numutekano wicyubahiro, niba bimaze kuba byiza (reba hano hepfo).
Kurwanya gukuramo birashoboka ko ari umutungo w'ingenzi mu guhangana n'ibikoresho, kandi impuguke zihora zitondera. Kumva tile yakubiswe, haba hari cerare yoroshye cyangwa yamabuye yamashanyarazi, hari ibizamini byuburayi bya EN 154. Ihame ryibizamini kuri iyi ngingo ni ugutwikira glaze grose - Cornundum. Niba, nyuma ya 150 impinduramatwara hejuru mu mucyo w'itara ryihariye, nta kaburimbo yabonetse, Tile yahawe amasomo ya pei, nyuma ya 600, Pei II, 1500, Pei III. Pei IV indangagaciro zikwiye ibikoresho bitangije ukwezi kurenga 1.500. Hanyuma, ikigereranyo cyo hejuru ni pei v- gutanga amabati akomeza kuzunguruka abarenga 12000. Nkuko mubibona, itandukaniro riri hagati ya IV na v Amasomo ni meza. Abakora bamwe bagaragaza umuvuduko nyawo wo kugoreka icyiciro cya kane cya kabiri (3000, 6000 cyangwa 9000) kidasanzwe, ariko ahubwo ni ibintu bidasanzwe. Kubaguzi, urwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa amabati yatsinzwe bitewe bitewe n'itsinda ryo kurwanya kwambara:
Itsinda 1 (pei i) - Mu kibanza, aho kugenda bito bifatwa, ndetse hanyuma no kunyerera (urugero, mu bwiherero, ibyumba byo kuraramo).
Itsinda 2 (Pei II) - ikintu kimwe, ariko cyiza. Tile aracyashobora gushyirwa mubikoni no muri koridoro, ku ngazi na balkoni.
Itsinda rya 3 (Pei III) - Ubu buryo bubereye inzu yose, akazu, ibiro bito, usibye uturere twinshi, tuyisanga gusa muri lobby ya hoteri, ku ngazi mumazu yimodoka, nibindi.
Itsinda rya 4 (Pei IV) - Birasabwa gukoresha mu nzu hamwe n'uburemere bwo kugenda kuva ugereranije kugeza hejuru. Aya ni amagorofa yose mu nyubako zo guturamo, amahoteri, ibiro, harimo ingazi n'amazu, amaterasi na balkosi.
Itsinda 5 (Pei V) - ISO 1054- Tile yiri somo irashobora gukoreshwa ahantu hose, ahantu hamwe nimbaraga zose zo kugenda, ndetse imirongo ikomeza. Ibikoresho biri mu itsinda rya gatanu, birababaje cyane ugereranije na Pei IV. Abagurisha benshi bamamaza ibicuruzwa byabo byoroshye amashusho ya Porcelain, bagirwe kuri pei V. Uyu ni igice-cyumugabo. Kuri tile idafite glazes, ibizamini nkibi ntibikorwa, ariko kurwego rwibisabwa bihuye neza kurwego rwo hejuru.
Kwambara kurwanya Cerambaulanits yagereranijwe mubipimo bitatu: gukomera (en 101), hejuru yo kwambara hejuru (en 154) no kurwanya cyane (en 102). Amayeri nyamukuru nuko porcelain yose itunze kurwanya kwambara, nkuko abakora n'abagurisha batangaza.
Hano, mubyukuri hari ingingo imwe, usibye "gukomera kwinshi" (ibipimo, bidasanzwe, ubukana ntabwo bwerekana). Hano hari ibyiciro byo kwambara ubuso bwa pei ukurikije en 154, bigaragarira gusa tile yakubiswe, kandi ibipimo byerekana kwambara cyane kuri en 102 kumabuye yinyamanswa itishimiye. Ibi bituma habaho umugezi mumutwe wabaguzi (n'abagurisha), bizera ko Gres Gres porcenato ari mubyiciro Byinshi bya Pei V (mubihe bikabije, ntabwo ari ukuri.
Sobanura neza. Ikimenyetso cyo hejuru kigaragaza kurwanya imiterere yo gushushanya no gukata. Kugerageza ntacyo bitwaye, nta shze. Ukurikije ibisanzwe en 101, icyiciro cyo gukomera cyahawe ku gipimo cya mohs cya 1 kugeza 10 (1- Patric ... 5- Topaz, 7- Topaz, 9- Cortundum, 10- Diamond) Nyuma yo gushushanya ayo mabuye y'agaciro. Guhangana Tile bigomba guhuza icyiciro cya 5 nisumbuye. Ni ngombwa kumva ko hasi ipfukirana urugamba nyamukuru ni umucanga, urimo quartz. Kubwibyo, nibyiza niba tile hasi izaba ifite ubukana bwa 7 na mohs. Ibuye "rifite" rifite ubukana bwa 8-9, rikitwa - 5-7, risukuye - 5-6. Mu ijambo, amagambo nta porrasi atinya ibishushanyo, bitemewe rwose. Kurugero, niba udahanagura umwanda muri koridoro muri koridoro, aho igorofa yashyizwemo ubu bwoko bwa tile, ibimenyetso birashobora kuguma. Ntibishoboka ko baburwanya nyuma. Menya ko mu nzu aho umucanga, umunyu "umunyu" umunyu ", nk'itegeko, guma ku mata yinjira cyangwa ku butaka, buri gihe copelain ntabwo yangiritse.
Kurwanya ingaruka mbi bigena ubushobozi bwa enamel kugirango bahangane na benshi-bambara ibintu byinshi bitambaraye nta nenge zigaragara. Ubunini bwa Porcelain Blandere busanzwe buhabwa icyiciro kiva muri Pei III kuri Pei V. Akenshi urashobora guhura na tile ya kane yo hejuru, biremewe rwose kurambikaho umuhanda munini. Ariko ntiwibagirwe ko icyuho kiri hagati ya tile ya pei iv na pei v amasomo ni ngombwa.
Muri kataloge ya porcelain yamabuye yamabuye, agaciro ko kurwanya kwambara ibintu byimbitse byambaye, bigaragarira mubikoresho, byahanaguye kuri tile mugihe cyikizamini. Ikimenyetso gishobora gutandukana kubijyanye no gukusanya 110 kugeza 140mm3, biruta cyane kurenza urugero ntarengwa en 102 ntarengwa yo hasi (250mm3). Hasi Agaciro k'ibipimo, nibyiza.
Ibyifuzo rusange kubinzobere bashinzwe ibikorwa byagabanijwe kuri ibi bikurikira:
Matte Homaeneous Stogoare Stonere irashobora gushyirwa ahantu hose, ukurikije imyigaragambyo yo kurwanya no gutanga umusaruro.
Mugihe uhisemo ubwoko bwamabuye ya artificial, ugomba kwitondera amasomo ya pei. Niba ari munsi ya IV, Tile ntigomba gushyirwa mubyumba hamwe na progaramu nyinshi (nka salle yinjira, ingazi). Niba Pei angana na IV cyangwa V, hanyuma mubihe byigenga (kandi benshi mubaturage) ntibagomba guhangayikishwa no kuramba kubikoresho, nubwo tutagomba kubishyira muri garage cyangwa icyumba cya tekiniki, aho umuntu wese ntibishoboka gushimira amakuru meza yo hanze. Biroroshye gufata ibibyimba bike byo guhubuka k'ubwoko "umunyu-pipper".
Birumvikana guhita kumenya niba bihari, umurongo utondekanya Porcelain Foloware, kugirango ubone umucanga ushobora kuyangiza (ahantu runaka nyuma yimyaka itanu). Ibikoresho byo kugarura ku isoko ntibibaho! Kandi bitabaye ibyo gukoresha neza ubu buryo bwo gupfuka ahantu hose, aho batazashyirwa ahagaragara umucanga-karemano.
Ibara no kwezwa . Ibaraza rya Porcelain ntirizahinduka munsi yizuba, aside ya chimique na alkali ntabwo itera ubwoba. Ibi birerekana ibizamini bikorwa ukurikije amahame din 51094 na en 106 (cyangwa 122). Ukurikije ibisanzwe enye 122, nyuma yo kwipimisha, Tile yahawe icyiciro cyo kurwanya itangazamakuru rikaze, rishingiye ku miterere y'ibyangiritse:
Icyiciro AA: Nta guhinduka.
Icyiciro A: Impinduka nto.
Icyiciro B: Impuzandengo ihinduka mumiterere.
Icyiciro C: Gutakaza igice cyubwoko bwambere.
Icyiciro D: Gutakaza byuzuye ubwoko bwambere.
Ukurikije ubwoko, ceramique granite irashobora guhuza amashuri a cyangwa aa. Ushize amanga rero ubishyire kumuhanda, mugikoni, muri garage cyangwa icyumba cyo kubikamo. Amafaranga menshi yo murugo ntazamugiraho ingaruka.
Gusa ubwoko bumwe bwo kwamamaza. Imwe ntuzasoma udutabo: Hama hariho irangi nkiyi ishobora kwangiza ipfundo, nubwo byarwanya gute. Inzobere nyinshi zadusabye kuzana amakuru yawe ko bidashoboka gusiga ibisigisigi byo mu bihe birebire ku buso bwa Porcelain. Nyuma yicyumweru biragoye cyane kuyisukura, ndetse ukoresheje amafaranga yihariye yometse nuruganda. N'ubuso bwinshi, ibintu ni bibi. Nibyiza guhatira abakozi ako kanya nyuma yo gutwika amashusho ya Porcelain.
Ntukize gusuzuma ibimenyetso kugirango umenye ubwiza bwibikoresho, nkuko inyandiko nyinshi zigira inama. Usibye kuba uzangiza tile, ntakintu kibaho. Umugurisha umwe yatubwiye inkuru ikora ku kuntu umuguzi, ashakisha inenge zimwe na zimwe za marcelain hamwe n'ibice bya marcelain, bizengurutse insike zisanzwe zifite ikaramu, kandi Byagombaga gutabwa hanze. Ntugasubiremo ibintu biteye ubwoba!
Ubugome . Umutungo ukunze gusuzugura iyo hasi yatoranijwe. Hano hari umugani kuriyi ngingo. Bowl yasannye. Inkoni zigenda ku butwari bw'imbwa rimaze gukaraba, hanyuma ziva n'amababi, induru: "Byose! Kubaza: "Ikibazo ni ikihe?" Igisubizo cyanjye gikurikiraho kigira kiti: "Nibyo, umunwa wanjye w'ingendo.
Ibintu bya Porcelain byasukuye bifatwa nkibinyerera cyane. Ntabwo bisabwa gushyirwa muri zone, aho amazi ashobora kugwa hejuru, kurugero ku rubaraza cyangwa muri pallet ya shuffle. Bitabaye ibyo, birashoboka ko kunyerera biriyongera.
Kuri amabati, ibizamini byihariye birakorwa, ukurikije ibyo imyandikire yiyemeje mukweto (din 51130 bisanzwe), no kumusozi wigenga wambaye ibirenge (DIN 51097). Ukurikije ibisanzwe, porcelainiste, shyira ibiruka biva hasi-r9 kugeza hejuru-R12, ariko akenshi R10-11, byemeza gukoresha ibikoresho mubibanza byose byo guturamo. Kubwo kurangiza akarere kari hanze yinyubako (intambwe zibaraza, ikibuga imbere yinjira, ikiraro cyinjira, nibindi hafi yabantu hafi ya Ceramic anti-slip tile ya 12- Kuraho kwa 13 hamwe nubuso bwagaragaye hejuru birinda kunyerera nubwo ikirere kibi.
Dukurikije amahame "yambaye ubusa, Tile y'Itsinda A. Ari akwiriye kunyerera ku ruhande rwa pisine cyangwa muri douche, turagugira inama yo kugura ibyiciro by'ishuri b, kandi byiza s .
Calibras
Nyuma yo kurasa, amabati ya porcelain arashobora gutandukana mubunini. Kubwibyo, birahinduka, ni ukuvuga, shyira mumatsinda yubunini, gutatanya imbere bitarenze 1mm. Kuririmba uruganda rwihariye Hariho sisitemu ya Calibers, itandukanye nabandi. Kurugero, zeru zo muri zero - 299.5-300.5Mm- hafi ihuye nubunini bwa 300300mm, ibyambere- 300.5-30- bimaze gutandukana na 301.5-302.5- bizatandukana nibindi byinshi. Nkingingo, kalibiri yegeranye zirashobora guhuzwa, itandukaniro riri hagati yibintu bizaba hafi.
Ubwumvikane bugabanya kwihanganira, ni ukuvuga kongera ukuri kwa kalibiri. Delta igabanya kuva 1 kugeza 0.5mm. Ubwiza bworoshya kurambika tile yimiterere itandukanye. Biroroshye kandi guhuza matete kandi hamwe na porcelain Striere Sternerare hamwe na saams ntoya, bidashoboka gusa kubintu bidafite ishingiro. Gutunganya inkombe ni ngombwa 3 kubikoresho 1m2.
Igiciro cyubwiza
Imwe muri rusange kandi birashoboka cyane ko itandukaniro cyane ni ibitsina bya porcelain Stonere (ubundi bavuga, muri Misa ", nkuko abataliyani babivuga). Ibi biterwa nuko abakora babanze babanze kubisabwa mu nganda, ibibuga byindege, ibirori, aho hantu, supermarkes, aho hejuru ya almarkes yambara ibintu bihangayika bihenze kandi birwanya cyane. Kugeza ubu, hari ibyegeranyo bya porcelain yoroshye yamabuye marike "urusenda", yitiriwe inyuma yacyo yo hanze hamwe niyi ngingo yoroheje. Itanga abakora benshi bo mu Butaliyani CasAlgranda- Padana muri Eliya. Kuburyo butandukanye bwa "urusenda-pepper" bwanditseho igicucu gitandukanye, kuva mucyo icyatsi kibisi. Amafari ya Matte Tile avuye kuri 12 (Calabria, 3030Cm, kuva Sirsnit, muri Polonye) kugeza ku ya 26 (FALORENT GREENT, 3030CM, kuva Mirage).Byinshi "byateye imbere" bifatwa nkibintu bya percetoine bya percelain, yiswe "monocolor" (tinte yo kuyahuriza hamwe.). Bisaba hafi inshuro imwe nigice kuruta "urusenda-urusenda", nko guhora dyes zirwanya umucyo zihenze zikoreshwa mu musaruro waryo, kandi biragoye mu buryo bwa tekiniki kubona ijwi ryiza. Ariko igishushanyo kimwe kirakwiriye kurangiza isura nini ugereranije, nko kubaho icyumba cyo kubaho mu kazu, aho ushobora guhuza amabati asize akoresheje matte. Noneho azareba gutsinda. Bihendutse icyatsi kibisi, ubururu buhenze. Kurugero, urukurikirane rukurikirana, 3030cm, kuva Isinalgrafiniya igura 23, kandi blu- 27 kuri 1m2.
Umwanya ntarengwa wo gushyira mu bikorwa kurangiza bidasanzwe mucyumba icyo aricyo cyose utanga amashusho ya Porcelain wiganye urugero rwibuye karemano. Ubu ni bwo buryo buhenze cyane Grengeneonato, kubera ko ikoreshwa na DYES nyinshi hamwe nuburyo bugoye bugufasha kubona ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe hamwe na "bitagukana" amabara ". Inkuru rusange igomba kuguma ihamye, bitabaye ibyo, hasi bizasa ninyuma yikibuga. Inganda zororoka isa n'ibuye risanzwe - kuva muri marble na granite kugeza muri kimwe cya kabiri cya sapi. Kandi ibyo bisa, hejuru tile irahabwa agaciro, kandi igiciro kiregereje umwimerere (ibikoresho bisanzwe) - kuva kuri 35 kuri 1m2. Rero, biratangaje bisa na granite nyayo itukura
Kwinginga imiterere (imiterere) ya etage isanzwe, yaba ibuye, igiti cyangwa uruhu, gitera granite granite zitandukanye ziva mubikoresho. Wesserin Saisis, Perunda, Marazzi, ingendo nizindi ngange zitera gukusanya, zigasubiramo neza ko ikibaho cya parque uturutse mubwoko butandukanye. Imiterere yibiti iratangwa neza, ipfundo - byose, kugeza aho bimukira igiti-giti. "Parquet" ukomoka muri porcelain Stoare ntibisaba kwita no, bitandukanye na kamere, bizagukorera imyaka icumi no mu gikoni. Byongeye kandi, azagususurutsa, niba ubanza ushyiraho amarondo ashyushye.
Guhangana "ishyamba", ibuye risize irangi rifite imbaraga zinini ryateganijwe ninzego za Mediterane, zishingiye ku migenzo y'ibinyejana byinshi. Ndetse no imbere yinzu, urashobora kwidagadura ikirere cyurugo rwamaroma, niba dushyira hasi hamwe na sterbike nziza yamarashi, bisa numucanga cyangwa akarengane. Iterambere ry'ibuye rihimba rifite ishingiro, Kayisari, Casa Dolce Casa n'izindi nganda. Kubwukuri cyangwa gushushanya isosiyete Saisis, Atlas Concorde, nibindi. Bazanwa mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ya marimari na smali, igikonoshwa gito. Menya ko yashyizemo ibintu byimbaraga kandi yambara kurwanya ni hasi kandi irashobora guhitamo mugihe cyo guhungabana cyangwa kwambara. Kubwibyo, ntugomba gushira tile nkiyi, kurugero, muri koridoro. Mubyongeyeho, bigomba kwitondera ko uruganda rwibikoresho byamabuye byanduye vuba kuruta kimwe gisanzwe.
Imyitozo ya porcelain yubatswe amashusho ntabwo igarukira gusa kugirango yikoporora amabuye cyangwa ibiti. Hariho ubuso butandukanye - kuva kumwanya wo kurwanya kunyerera (harimo ku ntambwe) ku ishusho muburyo bw'inyenyeri cyangwa ibibabi bya maple hamwe nibibabi byose.
Grezed GreparLanato irashobora kugira ibara nuburyohe. Ibitekerezo byabahanzi ntabwo bigabanya. Ndetse no gushushanya muburyo bwimboga cyangwa geometrike imitako ikoreshwa hejuru. Igice gitose cy'isoko rya Porcelain Tensile ihatanira ceramics kubera ko amazi make yinjira mu mazi make no kurwanya ubukonje. Igiciro gito ugereranije (15-35 kuri 1m2) nigishushanyo gishimishije gituma ibuye ryubukorikori duhanganye cyane.
Nkuko tumaze kuvuga, kubatwara ingaruka za homoneous kandi zikabara amashusho ya porcelain stoloare. Igisubizo nuko tile ifata ibara ryuzuye, ihindura icyitegererezo, ibinyampeke biba binini kandi bikaba byiza, rimwe na rimwe ubutane bugaragara muri verisiyo ya matte. Imyenda myiza isa neza kandi igura inshuro 1.5-2 zirenze Matte. Byongeye kandi, urumuri rutegeka kwihanganira imbere rwose muburyo bumwe. Amabati ya kabiri kandi satin ntabwo ari meza cyane, ariko akagira igikundiro, gitandukanya umuntu ufite ubwenge bukomeye muri Aristocrat. Hagati aho, "indorerwamo" brillians iherekejwe no kugabanuka kwambara no kwiyongera kwuzuye amazi, kubera ko DESTRASIVEST yo kwiyongera kw'amazi, kubera ko DEBES ikuraho umwanya wo hejuru cyane kandi wiyongera kandi ihagarika ubusugire bwa micropores. Kubwibyo, nkibuye risanzwe ryasukuye, amashusho ya porcelain ako kanya bitwikiriye ibigize bidasanzwe, byongera kurinda ubuso kuva umwanda no gushushanya. Mu majyambere ya nyuma ya saa sita bizasaba ubwitonzi, gusukura uburyo bwihariye, cyane cyane bwa mbere nyuma yo kurambika.
Ubudozi bushobora guhuzwa na matte, niba uhisemo ubunini. Itandukaniro rishobora kuba munsi ya 1mm. Ibipimo bigaragazwa haba mububiko, cyangwa kuri paki. Inzira yoroshye yo guhuza urutonde rwigisobanuro cya matete hamwe na regisize, nkuko kalibiri yabo izahurira. Ubunini bwa porcelain yamabuye yisumbuye ni ntoya, ariko biroroshye gukosora wongeyeho ibihangano bike.
Ibintu byo Gushushanya . Ikwirakwizwa ryanyuma ryamagana abakora benshi batanga ibintu by'imiterere kandi ikora. Inganda zose zifite intambwe, inguni nibice byimbere ku ngazi, hejuru yameza, nibindi.
Ibigo byisi yose byakoresheje inzira zose zongeraho ku bakozwe mu nzego, ongeraho imipaka itandukanye, igishushanyo kinini, imitako yinjiza ibiteranyo byakozwe mu mwuka wa kera. Icyerekezo cya Laser Claser Claser itezimbere vuba, aho ibitanda byashizweho, byashyizwe mu bikorwa mu ibuye. Ibintu bya Mosaic bizwi, roza, imbaho ziva kuri Porcelain Stonere. Mu buryo burambuye, twanditse ibi byose mu nomero y'Ikinyamakuru cyo mu 2003. Igiciro cya decor ni kiri hejuru cyane. Kurugero, itsinda rya 800800mm kuva Mirage izatwara 400-600, naho umupaka 1 wisosiyete imwe - muri 160-200.
Kurambika
Iyo ushizeho Porcelain Tile, ivanga ya kole irakoreshwa. Itanga clutch nziza hamwe na shingiro. Abahanga ntibasaba ikoranabuhanga gakondo na sima rya sima rya Perceware Stogoare, kuko afite uburozi buke kandi muriki gihe ntizakomeza gukomera.
Shingiro. Gutegura ishingiro ryo gushiramo tile ukoresheje imvange zivanze - ntabwo ari igikorwa cyoroshye. Ni ngombwa kwemeza ko gukomera, nka porukari ya Fragile. Birumvikana ko bishobora gukekwa ku bwuzuzanya ibicapo, ariko utarengeje amezi 6 nyuma yo kubaka inzu, bizasabwa kugabanuka kwo bisanzwe.
Kuringaniza ishingiro, ugomba gukora ubwato cyangwa guhumurizwa na karuvati ya gilewi. Imbere ireremba igomba kugira ubunini bwa cm 5-10, bitewe numutwaro. Niba ushyizwemo ubushyuhe cyangwa amajwi yumvikana, bitanga ibitekerezo byoroshye, igitekerezo kizakenera gushimangirwa. Kandi hano, bigomba gukorwa byibuze iminsi 28 (mubihe byiza byikubye) kubyitwa neza, bidashoboka gushyira Porcelain Stonere.
Ihuriro ryabitswe hamwe na shingiro risuka hejuru, mbere yateguwe nuburyo bwihariye bwo kongera imenyekanisha, utabazanye urukuta. Tile irashobora kandi gushyirwaho nyuma yigihe gito cyo kugabana ku cyiciro kimwe kuri santimeter yubwinshi bwa sckickned. Igihe cyo gutegereza kirashobora kugabanuka mugihe gikoresha vuba cyane inyongeramusaruro zidahinduka. Ariko iki kibazo kirihariye kandi gisaba abakozi babishoboye.
Kwishyiriraho. Ibi hamwe n'ahandi hamwe nu mutwe mwinshi nibyiza gukoresha kuvanga bikabije, nkibice bibiri byibice bigize sima hamwe no kongeramo ibyatinze na epoxy resions. Mu gikoni, mu bwiherero, kwiyuhagira, ku muhanda no mu tundi mazi ashyushye aguye hejuru cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije, ubwoko bw'ikibazo cyo gusiganwa ku bushyuhe ntibugomba gukoreshwa. Kimwe mugihe cyo gushyira ibitero byashimangiwe bishimangirwa, hashingiwe kubyuka no gukanda. Igice cya kole kigomba gukorwa byibuze 3-5m hanyuma ugashyira hejuru no kuri tile nkimyambaro.
Inyanja. Ibaraza rya Porcelain ryateguye icyuho cya 0-12m cyo kwishyura indishyi zubushyuhe. Amabati akosorwa arashobora gushyirwaho byibuze igice cyibumba (hafi mm 1), ariko mucyumba cyo gushyuha. Ihemu yuzuyemo ibice bishingiye kuri sima cyangwa epoxy hampoxite hamwe nibihe bya pollythane. Amahitamo yambere na kabiri arakwiriye kubona amagorofa asukuye cyane, icya gatatu - kuri zone hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi. Imbaraga zigezweho kuri sima, bitandukanye na polyurethane, ntucike intege. Adalsha, nkuko Tiler avuga, niba ibintu byose bikorwa neza, kuri tile urashobora kugendera kuri tank!
Amaherezo
Niba utarazi neza ko amashusho ya Porcelain ari ibintu byiza, byangiza ibidukikije, bihanganira ingaruka iyo ari yo yose, nibyo, kwicuza. Ibintu bishya biva muri Imurikagurisha Cersaie'2003 bizagaragara vuba, bazakwica.
IBTM "Jiel", "Miel", "Mirage", "MIEGE", "Seriveri", "MIRAGE".