Ni ubuhe butumwa bukora, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibi bikoresho bibaho n'impamvu inkuba rimwe na rimwe itagwa aho: inzira z'inkuba n'amahanga no imbere ".
Hariho umubumbe wacu ahantu ibikorwa byinkuba bidahagarara, kandi hari, aho inkuba zitabaye imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo. Ariko ibarurishamibare bavuga ko ku gipimo cy'isi, inkuba yinkuba yakubise ibintu byose bihagaze ku isi, bifite ubukana bwamasasu ijana kuri kabiri! N'inkuba ubwabo ku isi bazamura hafi 2000 icyarimwe. Kimwe mu bisubizo by'ibi rishobora kuba intagondwa (mu gihugu cyacu hari 7% by'imisatsi mu murabyo)
Saba inshuti zawe ziherutse kubaka inzu y'igihugu, yaba barayitayeho kubera inkuba. 90% by'ababajijwe bazasubiza "oya". Impamvu ni ubujiji bw'ingaruka zishoboka z'ibintu nk'ibirusiya cyangwa bisanzwe "avos." Hagati aho, inkuba iteye ubwoba, imwe muri 2000 yo mu kirere irashobora kwinjira mu rugo rwawe iyi kabiri!
Hariho ibintu byibanze byumurabyo (biturutse kubigega byayo) - Uyu ni umuriro, kurimbuka, kimwe na kabiri, bigaragara ko ari umuyoboro wimbere yinkomoko na electonagnetic. Indumu ya electrostatike (ishyuza ikimenyetso ginyuranye ku bintu, yigunze ku isi) ni bibi ku gusohora ibintu byegereye. Induction ya electronagnetic igaragara kubice byamasegonda, niyihe "mubuzima" gusohora umurabyo, kandi bigatera imbaraga zamashanyarazi yubunini butandukanye mubintu byicyuma. Imbere, aho ibihuha biri hafi bihagije, ibisimba byamashanyarazi birashobora kubaho. Ubwoko bwo kwinjiza bwarumiwe bwakozwe n'imvune, habaho umuriro. UBUYOBOZI BW'IBIKORWA BYATANZWE BIBAKURIKIRA MU GIKORWA BIDASANZWE BY'INGENZI MU BIKORWA BY'ICHANYI RW'ICYIRUKO RY'IBITANDUKANYE BY'UMWITOZO (INKINGI, AMAZI, PIPEline ya gazi, n'ibindi). Vitunga - gusunika kandi ishoboka ishoboka yibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Kugeza ku guhangayumutera guterura inkuba (hafi imyaka 200 ishize), inzoka zikomeza yafatwaga nk'inzira yonyine yo kuyobora inkuba mu nkuba. Ibisubizo by '"urugamba" nk'urwo rwasenyutse umunara w'inzogera na Rhodes yapfuye (imperuka 400 n'ingaruka 120 gusa kandi mu Budage bumwe gusa). Imibare yuyu munsi y'urupfu rw'abantu kuva ku murabyo ntiruhungabanya - abantu barenga 100 bapfa buri mwaka muri Amerika gusa.
Umugabo wahimbye uburyo bwo kutesha agaciro imirabyo abifashijwemo n'inkuba (kurushaho) yari umuturage wa Amerika, yitwa Benjamin Franklin. Imyaka irindwi gusa niyeguriye Franklin mu kwiga amashanyarazi. Ibisubizo nyamukuru by'iki kintu maze bihinduka inkuba. Indi myaka yabo yo guhanga mu mico myinshi, Franklin yashoboye gukora ikarita ya galf, yahimbye amashyiga meza ya GOULF, ahimbaza amashyiga meza, aracyafite amatara yo kumuhanda kandi akanaramo kabiri imirima ya Amerika (Igishushanyo cye cy'ibimenyetso bye bya Portrait $ 100). Imbaraga nyinshi, Franklin yakoresheje urugamba rukomeye hamwe nabasinziriye mumirongo yose yo "gushyira mu bikorwa" muburyo bwagutse bwimibare yacyo.
Umurabyo ni ikibatsi kinini gifite inzira igoye yo kugenda. 25-30 gusa% yumurabyo biva mu gicu kugeza hasi. Kenshi cyane tubona gusohora umurabyo, wageze ahantu runaka kuruhande, kandi aho akomokamo birashobora kuba kilometero nkeya kuva ahabigenewe. Umurabyo rimwe na rimwe usa nimizi ya bintarre yigihingwa kinini. Ibi bibaho kuko iyo inkuba igifunire igicucu, yiswe umuyobozi iragaragara, igenda isimbuka, ionizing ikirere no gushyira umuhanda ugana murwego rwibanze. Nk'uko byatangajwe umuyobozi mu nzira mu bwoko bwa ionized oube, kugenda kw'amashanyarazi ku bicu bitangira. Mubisanzwe, umuyobozi aragerageza "Ongeraho" aho "" unyuranye "cyane mubunini bwikirere, niyo mpamvu" igihuru "cyumurabyo bwinshi. Kuva hasi kugirango uhure numuyobozi kuva murwego rwo hejuru rwihuta umuyobozi, witwaje ibirego by'ikimenyetso. Mugihe cyiyongereye ku isi ifunze isi, umuyoboro wumwuka wa ionised no gusohoka bibaye, inkuba ubwayo iragaragara. Kandi, nk'ubutegetsi, ibisingirwa bitatu bikurikiranye, bihe birema abantu bifata nkimwe.
Norma
Uyu munsi, ntamuntu numwe uza mubitekerezo kurwana ninkuba (kuri ubu, nkuko byari bimeze bityo, nkuko byari bimeze mu Bufaransa muri 178084. Noneho, ku mpande zitandukanye za bariyeri, Romaspierre na Marat. Byongeye kandi, uyu munsi gushiraho sisitemu yo kurinda inkuba ni uburyo buteganijwe bwo kubaka, ukurikije pue (amategeko agenga amashanyarazi) na sitasiyo ya GTA. Inyandiko ifatika aho ibipimo ngenderwaho byose byubatswe kubikoresho byo kurinda inzitizi byashushanyije ninyigisho ku gikoresho cyumuriro ninzego (RD 34.21.122-87). Aya mabwiriza adahindutse kuva 1987 aracyakomeza kuba inyandiko yonyine igena igishushanyo mbonera cyumurabyo.Ubuzima busanzwe butanga umusanzu wayo kumabwiriza. Mu gihe cyashize, ibipimo mpuzamahanga (IEC) byahindutse, inzira imwe cyangwa ikindi, ibipimo by'Uburusiya bigomba kwerekeza (by'umwihariko, ibikoresho by'igikoresho cy'igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi). Kandi barahindutse, nubwo bafite amakosa (kubyerekeye hepfo). Avot "Warken" ni amabwiriza y'akazi, yagumye adahindutse!
Ndetse mu rwego rw'iki kiganiro, byasobanura muri make ibisabwa byibanze byibanze byinyigisho ku gikoresho cyo kurinda inziba, sobanura indangagaciro z '"uburebure, uburebure" bw'ibintu byayo. Ariko turashaka kumenya: kubikoresho byumurabyo kurinda inzu igezweho, byuzuza hamwe na electronics, ntibikiri ngombwa kwegera byoroshye, kwaguka. Nibyo, mugihe amabwiriza yemerera ibikoresho byigenga kuri nyir'uburego bwayo akoresheje inkuba, byongera kurinda inkuba, no ku bice bimwe, sisitemu ntirasabwa. Ati: "Ubwato" buvuka (ukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho), gusa niba aribwo bubatsi nimero yumwaka. Kumenya umubare w'inkuba, ibipimo by'inyubako, inzobere mu bubasha bwo kubara bishoboka umubare w'inkuba. Mubikorwa, hari ahantu hamwe na geologiya cyangwa izindi vomalies, aho umurabyo ushushanyije nka rukuruzi, hamwe numubatsi ushoboka hano ntushobora kubarwa hano. N'ubundi kandi, inkuba ntabwo ari ibihangano, birashoboye rwose kugwa inshuro nyinshi ahantu hamwe.
Inkuba 2000, kurakara buri cyumweru hejuru yumubumbe wacu, ntabwo ari kurimbuka gusa. Biragaragara ko kimwe cya kabiri cyikirere gikenewe kugirango flora yisi ikorerwa neza na zippers. Kandi urwego rwa ozone, kurinda flora kwisi yose kwisi (kandi duhagarariye iyi fauna) duhereye kuri ultraviolet yangiza, nabyo ni umusaruro wo kwigonda. Niba zipper ari ingirakamaro cyane murwego rwubumbe kandi, mubyukuri, ni ibintu bikenewe kugirango ubuzima bwa kabiri bube kuri iyi si, igihangano cya kabiri B. Franklin (umupira wamaguru "," Gusohoza "igicu cyinkuba, bimaze guhinduka bitari ngombwa ndetse nabi. Ikiremwamuntu kandi kizahora gushimira Franklin kugirango inkuba.
Kurinda Inyuma
Niyihe mizi ingaruka ziterwa, ni ubuhe bwoko bwibi bikoresho bibaho kandi kuki rimwe na rimwe inkuba na gato inkuba?
Umurabyo wumurabyo - Iki nigikoresho cyibintu bitatu byingenzi: Umurabyo, ufata inkuba; Ikigezweho, kigomba kohereza uwakiriwe kuva hasi, kandi ubwinjiriro, butanga inshingano yisi. Ubutumwa bwo kuragirana burashobora kugira ubwoko bwicyuma (inkoni) irambuye kumusozi wigisenge cyangwa ibyuma bivuye mubice byinshi bikaba ari kuri metero 6-12 (ibi nibyo byose bikwiranye na cone, Uburebure bwarwo bugenwa nuburebure bwumubabazi, kandi diameter yibanze angana nubusobanuro bwikubye buto) yagabanijwe ibintu byatoranijwe. Kuri sisitemu nkiyi, ndende, ihagaze hafi yibiti cyangwa masts ikoreshwa. Ariko maski ntabwo ari iyabantu bose mumufuka, kandi ntibabona ahantu nyaburanga. Kubwibyo, imiyoboro yinkuba ikunze gukoreshwa cyane, kandi gahunda yoroshye yo kurinda amakuba yemerewe inyubako hamwe nibisenge bidafite metall.
Hamwe no kwigonda, guhagarika-igihe gito byimbaraga nyinshi birashobora kubaho kumurongo. Kuramba kwabo ni kuva microsecond 1 kugeza microseconds 700 nibindi byinshi. Ubunini bwibibazo byizi mpingo kuva kuri volt amagana kugeza kuri kilovot. Kumidugudu ya Cottage ifite amashanyarazi maremare muri metero magana abiri, birashoboka cyane ko 6000 na 3 A. kumurongo wimbere ya voltage - kugeza kuri 6000. (Ariko ntabwo ari thecnel yonyine yo kwiyongera kwiyongera mumuzenguruko wamashanyarazi numuyoboro wa Inductive wakozwe na zipper iyobora.
Rimwe mu ruhererekane rwo gutanga amashanyarazi (insinga z'amashanyarazi kuri 220 v, iminyururu itanga televiziyo, automation, aindow.
Ibikoresho byoroshye byo kurinda amakuru muri uru rubanza ni abarisha (gaze na kimwe cya kane-cyumuraba). Bashobora kugabanya voltage ya 10-30 kv kugeza 20-30 v., ariko bafite umuvuduko wa trigger. Ibinyuranye bya contlooxexide bikora vuba, ariko agaciro ka voltage isigaye irashobora kuba hejuru cyane kuruta kubyemewe. Diodes Divides Ibintu Byihuta byo Kurinda, ariko nanone ufite imipaka yabo yo gusaba: Imigezi itarenze 200 A. irashobora gutemba muri bo.
Imanza zo gukoresha uburyo bworoshye bwo kurinda imirabyo itaziguye
Niba hari m 3-10 uhereye kumiterere yibiti kure, inshuro 2 kandi birenze urugero zayo, kwizirika ibintu byose bisohoka hejuru yinzu (imiyoboro imwe yimbuto, antenna, nibindi), hejuru yukumwe hafi Igiti cyuzuyemo, iherezo ryo hejuru ryakaga hejuru yikamba ryibiti byibuze 0.2 m. Kuvuga kuri Teeve Cokorove Cokorod Addc.Niba igisenge cyahujwe nuburebure bwisumbuye, umukino wumuriro wa kabili wahagaritswe, umucyo hejuru ya m. Ibikoresho byo Kumurika, imbaho ziterwa nimbaho zishyizwe ku rukuta rwimiterere. Clamps yashyizwe kumpande zombi kurukuta rwanyuma rwimiterere no kugerekaho kwisi. Uburebure bwimiterere, munsi ya m 10, ubu ni isi ikorwa kuruhande rumwe gusa.
Imbere yinzu yinzu ya chimney ndende hejuru yibintu byose, umurabyo wambaye inkoni yashyizwemo byibuze 0.2 m, shyira umuzi nurukuta rwisi, kubihahiza ku isi.
Imbere yinzu yicyuma, byibuze bifatanye kuri mashini yisi byibuze mugihe kimwe, ingazi zo hanze, amazi, nibindi bikorwa. Crimp yifatanije nibintu byose byinjira, nkababi.
Mubihe byose, ibipimo byumucyo nibiruhuko hamwe na diameter ya 6mm bikoreshwa, hamwe na electrode imwe ihagaritse. Hamwe na diameter ya mm 10, yashyizwe mubujyakuzimu bwa metero 0.5. Guhindura na bolt guhuza ibintu byumurabyo.
Agace karengera umuyobozi wumurabyo ni umwanya imbere inyubako cyangwa kubaka birinzwe kubera umuraba utaziguye yibasiye hamwe no kwizerwa runaka. Ubwishingizi buto bufite ubuso bwakarere; Mu nyenga ni hejuru. Agace kegereye ubwoko "A" (mu nyenge ya bugufi) ifite kwizerwa kuva 99.5%, n'ubwoko bwa "B") buva kuri 95% ndetse no hejuru.
Kenshi na kenshi ushobora kumva igitekerezo cyuko igisenge cyicyuma (urugero, icyuma cya tile) kibemerera kwita kuburakari. Ikosa riteye akaga! Ishyigikira ahanini abagurisha amabati. Igisenge cy'icyuma gishobora gukora nk'ubutumwa bw'umurabyo, ariko umukino wese wo murabyo ukeneye gushikama, bivuze ko hari imigezi (kandi hari bibiri, ku mpande zinyuranye z'inyubako) no gucengera. Ariko, uku kurinda ntazarinda inkuba "ikomeye", kubera ko ubunini bwurupapuro rwinzu bugomba kuba byibuze 4mm (ninde ukoresha nkiyi?). Amabati mato yo gutwika yaka. Niba hari ibintu bisohoka hejuru yinzu (urugero, imiyoboro yicyuma), bashizwemo ibipimo byumurabyo, basohoka hejuru ya 0.2 m kandi byizewe kucyuma cyinzu. Nongeye kukwibutsa: Inyubako zifite igisenge cyicyuma zigomba kuba zifite sisitemu yo kurinda inkuba.
Naho igisenge kiva mucyuma cya tile, biterwa cyane hano muburyo bwo kwizirika kuri rafters. Niba impapuro zihujwe zifite amashanyarazi hagati yabo, igisenge nkiyi muburyo burashobora kuba nkubutumwa bwumurabyo (niba atari byo uzirikana ubunini bwacyo, butari munsi ya 4mm). Nibyiza cyane gutanga ibikoresho nkibyago bifite inkoni isanzwe cyangwa inkuba kandi ikayitaho nkibyuma gisanzwe.
Usibye ubutumwa bwa "Mechanical" inkuba, hariho "umubiri". Ibishoboka byo gukora ibihangano bitera inkingi yumwuka wa ioodised bimaze igihe kinini bitanga igitekerezo cyumuyobozi wumurabyo watembye nkubwoko bwumurabyo. Ibikoresho bya mbere bya ionisation byari bishingiye ku gukoresha radioactive isotope. Iyo utambitse voltage kubikoresho nkibi, inkingi yumuyaga wizewe yagaragaye, umuyobozi ukomoka mu gicu. Nyuma, ibi bikoresho byahinduwe mubipimo byumuvumo bifite umutekano bitakiri kuri isotope yiso rya radio, ariko na elegitoroniki (propl, mubufaransa). Ibikoresho byari bifite akamaro rwose, hari uburambe bwo gusaba kwabo muri Moscou. Imyidagaduro yimyidagaduro yimikino yumurabyo harimo amahirwe meza yo kubungabunga isura yubwubatsi bwimiterere, ntabwo igoreka ibintu bigaragara. Ibibi ni igiciro cyinshi gusa (kuva $ 1000).
Benshi muritwe twabonye uburyo inkuba isezererwa hafi yibintu bitandukanye, ntabwo buri gihe bikagwamo. Ariko bake ni bo bitondera ko hafi ibintu byo mu murabyo bigaragaye kenshi kuruta ahandi. Iyi ngero isobanurwa nukuri ko "umuyobozi wumukiriya" afite ibintu byinshi hamwe nibintu byinshi, nkuko bigomba gukurura abayobozi kuva igicu ntabwo arenganya cyane, ariko no mu bice bya peripheri y'ibicu. Aba bayobozi basibwe rimwe na rimwe "ntibashobora" guhagarika umuyobozi w'ikigo gikomeye mukintu kinini kandi amaherezo bafunzwe, ariko basanzwe bafunzwe hasi, ariko basanzwe bafunzwe ahantu hamwe nibindi bintu byinshi.
Biragaragara ko mast iyo ari yo yose (urugero, itumanaho rya selile) risobanura neza inkuba nyinshi muri zone aho yahantu. Uku kuri gutuma bibwira neza umutekano wamacumbi hafi yibintu nkibi. Kandi nibikenewe gusa gutekereza, kugira "umuturanyi" usa, rero ni ukurinda umurabyo wishingiwe murugo rwawe.
Ubu ni igihe cyo kwerekana amakosa ya Pue yo murugo. Uburayi mbere, twatangiye kubaka "umuryango wo kunywa" kandi kare byari bihangayikishijwe n'ikibazo cyo kurinda umutungo wa kabiri kibangamira ibintu by'umububyo. Ndetse igipimo cya Pue ukurikije amahame ya IEC yahinduye uburyo bwo guhorana inkuba hamwe n'amashanyarazi yose munzu (kare hose, n'umuyoboro w'imbere mu gihugu. Muri iki gihe, hashyizweho itegeko ryo guhuza inkuba n'umuyoboro, ariko kubungabunga no kwigenga hamwe n'umuyobora inkuba. Muri "Peu yacu" ku buhinzi bwigenga bwumushinjacyaha runaka hariya yibagiwe. Muyandi magambo, niba ibintu byibanze bibangamiye inkuba, bikozwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza, irinda, noneho kuva kuri kabiri ntibishobora gukiza.
Guhuha kuri zipper ni ihuriro ryihuse ryumuyoboro uyobora uyobora hamwe ninyubako cyangwa imiterere, biherekejwe nigice kinyuze muri zipper.
Kwigaragaza kwa kabiri k'umurabyo ni uguyobora ibishobora ku bintu by'icyuma gishushanyo mbonera cy'icyuma, ibikoresho, mu ibyuma bifunze byatewe no gusohora inkuba no gutera ibyago byo guswera.
Hano birakenewe guhindukirira intandaro yo kubaho nkibintu nkibi. Inyubako zose ninzego zirinzwe ninkuba muburyo butandukanye. Iri tandukaniro riterwa na iyo ngiye. Ibintu bigabanijwe ukurikije uburindarane mu byiciro bitatu. Ibyiciro bibiri byambere bifite urwego rwibihe ruhagije (harimo kuva mumashuri yisumbuye bibangamira ibintu byumurabyo). Ibi nibintu biturika bibitswe cyangwa bitunganijwe (muburyo bufunguye cyangwa bufunze). Ibindi byose (n'amazu yacu nayo) bivuga icyiciro cya gatatu. Kandi ubu amahame ariho, ku nyubako, ifite ibikoresho mu cyiciro cya gatatu, uburinzi bwo kwigaragaza kwivuza ntabwo yatanzwe (bijyanye na electromagnetic na electrostatic inductic).
Ubutaka
Ibyo ari byo byose, kimwe na "hanze" na "imbere" kurinda inkuba, uruhare rw'uruhare ni ngombwa cyane. Kandi birakwiye kubiganiraho. Reka dusubire mu mabwiriza yacu. Birasaba cyane ko amatara yoroheje ku bikoresho byinzu cyangwa, niba bidashoboka, kurasa amapine mu butaka (by the was, ntabwo buri gihe ari ngombwa gushika kuri fithings; ngaho nanone nta mbogamizi hano: Niba urufatiro ruvuga ko ibihimbano kuri epoksi cyangwa niba ibigize ubutaka biri munsi ya 3%). Electrode igomba kumeneka kugirango igere ku butaka bwatose. Ariko ntabwo hose kandi ibi birashoboka, cyane cyane kubutaka bwa rock. Kurwanya ubutaka ubwabyo nabwo biratandukanye: Ubutaka bwa rock bufite ibisobanuro byo kwikinisha kugeza kuri 3000 ofms, hamwe nubutaka buvanze ni 150-200 ohms. Kubwibyo, ntabwo byose byoroshye cyane hamwe. Igomba gukorwa hashingiwe ku gupima ubutaka, ahari inzu, hamwe n'abarangije kugirango bamenye umubare no kurenga ku gice cya electrode, ubujyakuzimu bwabo bubaho mu butaka. Hamwe nubutaka bunini bwiyilande, nibyiza cyane guhuza imiyoboro y'amazi, imiyoboro yo gusiga amariba ya arsian cyangwa kuyobora insiku.
Kubijyanye no gutaha uburesha hamwe no kurwanya byinshi, ni hafi bidashoboka rwose. Muri iki kibazo, abahanga batanga ibitekerezo byinshi kugirango bishyure neza sisitemu yo kunganya. Vitunga ifite umutekano cyane mumiyoboro yose kugirango ibone ubushobozi buke, ariko idafite ibitonyanga (umurongo), bitazongera gutera ibigo nibindi bibazo.
Kurwanya biba ngombwa mugihe ugena intera yemewe kandi ifite umutekano hagati yumurongo wumurabyo hamwe nikintu cyarinzwe. Turimo kuvuga kubyitwa voltage yintambwe, ireba mu buryo butaziguye na electrode yibanze irashobora kuba ingirakamaro kandi ibangamiye ubuzima. Mugihe cy'inkuba, ntabwo bisabwa kuba hafi ya metero eshanu ziva kumurongo wumurabyo kugirango utagwa munsi yintambwe ya voltage yintambwe no guhagarika umutima.
Imyitozo ndende yinkuba igikoresho cyo kurinda inzitizi zashyizeho ibisabwa bizwi cyane kubice byibintu byimitsi. Kurugero, igice cyambukiranya electrodes kigomba kuba munsi ya 50mm2, hamwe nubunini bwimirongo, inkuta zumuyoboro cyangwa ibyuma byumwirondoro bigomba kuba byibura 4mm. Kurinda bya ruswa bitangwa no gukoresha ibyuma byiruka cyangwa umuringa. Gushushanya cyangwa gutwikira electrode yibanze ntabwo byemewe na bitumen. Ibisabwa mu mashanyarazi ya electrode nanone birashyira mu gaciro - mu mpeshyi, urwego rwo hejuru rwo hejuru rutuma, rwongera imyigaragambyo y'isi.
Kubara kurwara byingenzi ni ngombwa byibuze kuko "gusenyuka". Umuzunguruko mugufi) utangirira ku gaciro ka 300-500 kv / m. Imbaraga za none zitemba ku murabyo, ku ntangiriro zigera ku 2009 A. Kurwanya ubutaka bumwe bwo mu murabyo ntibigomba kurenga 10 ohms. Vitungo voltage ivuka mumurongo wumurabyo irashobora kugera ku gaciro gakomeye kuruta gusenya voltage. Muri icyo gihe, ku bijyanye n'ubuntu bukwiye (ibi, aho, nkaho ari, nta gihe cyo kujya hasi) cyangwa hamwe no gutakaza akaga k'umurabyo cyane hamwe no kurindwa Ikintu, hazabaho gusenyuka "kugerageza" kumvikana ku itumana ry'imbere mu nzu (ku miyoboro yo gushyushya, n'ibindi).
Uru rugero rufasha kumva ko ibintu byose, birumvikana ko bishobora gukorwa igihe kinini cyagaciro kibazwe imirima yinkoni, imirongo, nibindi., Ariko ni byiza gukora kubara kubwiki kibazo .
Reka tuvuge, muri NPF Ushinzwe Amashanyarazi: Siyanse n'Imyitozo ", kurabagirana" mu rwego rwo kurengera umurabyo, kubara "byatanzwe ukoresheje gahunda ya mudasobwa yateguwe ubukana bwibikorwa byinkuba mukarere runaka hamwe nubunini rusange bwuburinzi bwindangagaciro zo kurwanya ubutaka nubunini bwimiterere yinyuma yakoreshejwe.
Umaze kuvugwa haruguru, urashobora gufata umwanzuro ukurikira: Igikoresho cyo kurinda inkuba kigomba gutangirana nibipimo no kubara.
Kurinda inzika imbere
Dukurikije amahame yikigereranyo cya nyuma ya Pue, mubikoresho byimbaraga bikwiriye, ni itegeko gushyirwaho umurongo wambere wo kurinda, na eltage ya kabiri. Ibi nibyingenzi kurinda ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byishingiwe imbere mu nyubako. Mbere, bishingikiriza gusa ku bijyanye no guhuza ibifuniko bya bagenzi, insinga zindege zikwiye, hamwe na cocoqueer.Niba urugo rwawe rwuzuye hamwe na electronics, ibyo bita "kurisha imbere" bigomba kwishyurwa bidasanzwe. Kuri nyirurugo usanzwe, kariya gace k'ubwubatsi by'amashanyarazi biragoye cyane, kwigenga ku buryo bwigenga ibintu biranga ibikoresho bitandukanye (kandi iyi niyo mihangayiko igabanya ubugizi bwa nabi ndetse n'abakiriya). Birahagije kuvuga ko guhangayikishwa n'imihangayiko mu bikorwa byabo bigabanyijemo amatsinda ane, buri kimwe kiryozwa urwego rwo kurinda (A, B, C na D). Kandi uku kwirwanaho gutangirira ku nkunga yumurongo wamashanyarazi hanyuma urangirira ku kuranga ingabo murugo rwawe. Ibintu bikabije nukubera ko urwego rushinzwe kugenzura muri kano karere rufite inenge zarwo, cyangwa rufite ibisabwa bishaje, cyangwa bifata ibisabwa bigezweho igice. Igiciro cya Stress Frontrs biterwa nubwoko, icyitegererezo nibigo bikora hanyuma bitangirana $ 1.5.
Umwanzuro
Igiciro cyo kurinda inkuba hejuru yikiguzi cyinzu n'umutungo ntibisanzwe. Byongeye kandi, nta gaciro ifite iyo ikozwe ku cyiciro cy'umushinga murugo no gukora ku cyiciro cyo kubaka. Nibyo, 7% by'amazu yatwitse yatwitse akoresheje ingingo. Tekereza ku? Imitekerereze yo kurinda inkuba nibyiza gutangira kurwego rwumushinga wo kurema. Muri uru rubanza, umuhanga n'umurabyo uzashobora gutanga ku musozi umaze kunganirwa, muri bo, nk'uko bavuga, "Ubwubatsi bw'inzu burabitswe, n'umukino w'inkuba yinjijwe mu buryo bwihariye, hamwe n'indangagaciro zose zibazwe z'ubugari, uburebure n'ibice byo kurinda inkuba bishingiye ku batekinisiye. Niba kubwimpamvu zose zikomeje gukora, ntutegereze inkuba ya mbere mugihe cyanyu, inzu yawe ihenze!
Uburyo bwo gukemura iki kibazo mu nyubako yuburengerazuba
Nkuko abahanga bizera, hari ingingo eshatu zingenzi mu burengerazuba bwa kijyambere.
Urusobe rwose rwamashanyarazi imbere no kurengera inkuba gushyirwaho mumushinga winzu. Ni ukuvuga, sisitemu yo kurinda inkuba nimwe mubice byuru rubuga, ntabwo ari inyigisho zigenga.
Uburyo bwihariye bwo kurinda kwigaragaza kwivuza bikoreshwa.
Ubwiza-bwiza, bwiyemeze gushiramo gushiramo umurabyo. Byongeye kandi, ni ubutaka (mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo ryiza) "Kuraho" igice kinini cyingaruka mbi mubintu bya kabiri.
Mu mazu ya monolithic, ibice byose byurunigi rwimbere yibiribwa bishingiye kubikoresho byinkuta zinyuma, kandi binyuze muriyo - kubikwiye. Armature ubwayo nazo zose zihujwe. Nkigisubizo, akazu kanini k'icyuma. Ingingo y'ingenzi hano ni ihuriro ryumurabyo uva muri "selile" kuva hejuru kugeza hasi, kurwego rwuzuye. Nubwo inzu idashimwe (ni ukuvuga, ntabwo ifite amatafari yimbere), n'amatafari cyangwa ibiti, ihuriro ryibintu byose (ububiko) bigomba gutangwa. Muri iki gishushanyo "mu buryo bwikora", uburyo bushobora kubaho.
Abanditsi bashimira umuyobozi wisosiyete yubumenyi bwikigo kandi bukora amabara "ibikoresho byamashanyarazi: siyanse no kwitoza" R. K. Borisov kugirango afashe mugutegura ibintu.