Igenzura rya tekiniki zo gusana: Nigute Ukora, UBURYO BWO GUKORA AMASEZERANO, AMAFARANGA YUBUNTU N'UMURYANGO W'UBUYOBOZI N'IKORESHWA.
Kugenzura ibipimo bya geometric byubwiza bwa screed ukoresheje gari ya moshi ebyiri na wire hamwe na diameter ya 2mm
Kugenzura ibipimo bya geometrike byubwiza bwinkuta za plaster hamwe na gari ya moshi ebyiri
Kimwe mu bikoresho bya kera by'abakozi b'ubwubatsi ntibigeze bibeshya
Urwego rwamazi rwa hose rushobora kuba rwibeshye niba ibibyimba byo mu kirere bikubita. Ariko menya kandi ukureho iyi mikorere mibi muriki kibazo biroroshye cyane kuruta igihe ukoresheje bubble na elegitoronike. Ntabyingenzi mugihe wimuye kashe "kurukuta"
Ikizamini, ni metero nyinshi, ni umupfumusi rusange - igikoresho cyamashanyarazi cyingenzi
Hydraulic kanda kugirango upimire imiyoboro yo gushyushya no gutanga amazi
Dufate ko ba nyir'inzu bakoze umushinga ushimishije kandi wikoranabuhanga, wasanze abubatsi beza kandi bagiranye amasezerano akomeye nabo, bakemuye ibibazo byose hamwe nabashinzwe umutekano nabatanga isoko. Birashoboka kwibagirwa ibyerekeye kubaka no kugaragara hariya gusa gukata lente itukura? Niba umukiriya aha agaciro igihe, imitsi namafaranga, ntibigomba guhura nabyo. Nyuma ya byose, gusana ntabwo ari umugani, ahubwo ni inzira yo guhanga. Iyi micoussion irashobora guhita ijya kuri gahunda yububiko ishyizwe mu nyandiko zigenga kandi amasezerano, ariko ukurikije inyungu z'abamwubatsi, abaturanyi, abaturanyi, n'ibindi, kurengera inyungu zabo bwite. Aona birakabije guhura nibikenewe bya nyir'inzu yasanwe.
Abamwubatsi bazahitamo byoroshye kandi bahita bemeza ukuri kwa kera: "Igitekerezo cyapfuye, nshuti yanjye, gusa igiti cyo kubaho." Baho abantu bafite inyungu zabo mukanya bazahita wibagirwa inshingano zose za "impapuro zabo niba zitabibukije.
Rero, umurimo w'ingenzi w'umukiriya ni ukugera ku gusohozwa kwuzuye inshingano zamasezerano nabitabiriye bose. Igikorwa kiragoye, benshi bifata icyemezo cyatsinze abafasha. Nubwo Isoko ry'izo serivisi zashyizweho gusa, muri Moscou zimaze kuba iminyururu myinshi n'abikorera ku giti cyabo bishora mu micungire yuzuye iyubakwa no gushyira mu bikorwa imirimo yihariye: Igenzura rya tekiniki, guharanira amategeko, guhagararira Ingero zitandukanye, nibindi. IYI "Ibigo Gucunga Amasosiyete" Bitandukanye na RELCORTEKA MUBUGA RWA LETA cyangwa ubuyobozi bw'amasosiyete y'ubwubatsi kubera ko umukiriya abishyura umushahara, atigenga ku bigereranyo no kunanirwa kw'abamwubatsi. Aba sosiyete rero fungura ushize amanga amakosa kandi ushishikajwe rwihishwa gukomeza kubaho, nubwo bifunguye kubyerekeye, birumvikana ko batavuga. Ikindi kibabaje mu murimo w'Abanyebushake "Kubura amakuru ku kurenga ku makosa muri raporo zabo. Birashoboka cyane, ntibakunze kugaragara ku kintu cyangwa ntibahangayikishijwe nuburyo bukoreshwa nabi. Hanyuma, gucika intege cyane kubashishikarizwa "kugenzura" hamwe n'abamwubatsi. Ibi bihe byose umukiriya agomba kwitondera mugihe uhitamo abafasha. Nibyiza kwifashisha abantu ba hafi wizeye.
Hasi tugaragaza urutonde rwamasezerano numwe mubagenzuzi b'ibigo, aho inshingano zayo nuburyo bwo gutura hamwe nabakiriya bashyizwe kurutonde.
Urutonde rwinshingano, imiterere yo gutanga raporo hamwe nurwego rwinshingano zumuryango ushinzwe kugenzura ubukungu kubwubwubatsi no kwishyiriraho akaziimwe. Kuboha kw'ishyirahamwe ry'ubukungu (nyuma ryerekezaga ku mirimo yo kubaka (CMR) irimo:
- Gukora isoko (bisabwe numukiriya) mubashoramari (ntabwo barenga batatu abitabiriye batatu) bafite ubumenyi bwubuhanga, gahunda yumurimo nuburyo bwamasezerano. Dukurikije ibyavuye mu bisubizo by'ipiganwa, uhagarariye raporo ya tekiniki ku bakiriya ku byerekeye amashyaka meza kandi mabi mu bitekerezo bya buri musezerana, igitekerezo cyayo ku bijyanye n'umurimo w'akazi, kubahiriza abashoramari ku giciro cy'isoko kuri Igihe cyo kugenzura ibigereranyo, biranga ireme ryibikoresho nikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere.
- Nyuma yo gutoranya umukiriya, rwiyemezamirimo ni isesengura ryimiterere (inyandiko) yamasezerano kandi, nibiba ngombwa, guhindura ibikubiyemo muburyo bwo guhuza abakiriya.
- Iyo bashyize mu bikorwa igenzura rigezweho ku mikorere y'akazi, harimo:
- Gukurikirana kwizihiza urukurikirane rw'ikoranabuhanga rwa SMR;
- Gukurikirana iyubahirizwa ryibikoresho byakoreshejwe mubigereranyo;
- Igenzura ryiza ryakazi hakurikijwe ibisabwa na snipos;
- Kwemera imirimo byihishe (rwiyemezamirimo wihishe mu bikorwa byakazi agomba kuburira umugenzuzi wa tekiniki byibuze mu minsi ibiri no gutegura ibisabwa na divayi mu bikorwa bitemewe, nyuma yo kubeshya. Umukiriya Muri uru rubanza birashobora gusaba guhuza ibifunga byuzuye hamwe no kwishyiriraho bishya bikitwara muri rwiyemezamirimo);
- Gukurikirana kwizihiza urunuka mubikorwa by'akazi;
- Kubungabunga amakaye ya tekiniki;
- Kugenzura ibyangombwa nyobozi kugirango itumanaho (amashanyarazi, amazi, "intege nke", gushyushya).
- Kwemera imirimo ku mashanyarazi, amazi, amazi, gushyushya, guhumeka no kwemezwa no kwemezwa na documentaire hamwe n'ibikorwa bikwiye cyangwa kuzamura umutekinisiye.
- Reba na rwiyemezamirimo wo kwishyura ijanisha ryakazi byakozwe kandi bikoreshwa ibikoresho byubaka.
- Kwakira byanyuma byakazi no gushushanya urutonde rwibintu bifite isuzuma ryisoko ryagaciro kabo.
2. Uburyo bwo kugenzura tekiniki butanga amakuru kumukiriya ni ibyanditswe mu ikaye ya tekiniki ya tekiniki ya tekiniki ya tekiniki na raporo zo mu kanwa kubakiriya.
3. Igenzura rya tekiniki rishinzwe ubuziranenge bw'ubwiza bwa SMR n'ibyamburwa kuva hasi (nyuma yo kwemerwa ku kazi) mu rwego rwo kwishyura buri kwezi serivisi z'ubugenzuzi bwa tekiniki n'umukiriya. Tenodzor ntabwo ari yo nyirabayazana w'igihe ntarengwa cyo kurangiza imirimo na rwiyemezamirimo.
Bane. Kwemera imirimo n'abahagarariye igenzura rya tekiniki ntabwo basonera umushinga w'inshingano z'umubiri ku mukiriya ku mikorere mibi y'iyi mirimo (snup 1.06.05-85).
bitanu. Kwishura serivisi zigenzura tekinike bikorwa nabakiriya buri kwezi hamwe no kwishyura mbere. Abahagarariye ubugenzuzi bwa tekiniki bateye isoni inshingano zabo nyuma yo kwishyura abakiriya ba 50% yikiguzi cya buri kwezi umuyobozi wa tekiniki. Igihe cya buri kwezi kirangiye, umukiriya yishyura 50% asigaye byikiguzi cya serivisi zishinzwe kugenzura tekinike, niba nta kirego kijyanye no kuyicwa.
Ibikurikira, tuzagerageza "gusobanura" stationery y'inyandiko, ni ukuvuga ku buryo bidasobanura abahanga mu buhanzi, kandi nanone byibanda ku bakiriya bashobora kuba abakiriya bafite ibibazo nyamukuru biherekeza gusana.
Reka dutangire hamwe nabaturanyi (cyane hasi hepfo), biragaragara ko bizanezezwa nurubuga rwubwubatsi. Amazu y'indobanure ya buri munsi, aho abaturage benshi batanga imishinga ikomeye bityo bakaba gusobanukirwa bifitanye isano n'abaturanyi batangije inzu yabo, iminsi yicyumweru kandi umwanya wemerewe gukora. Mubisanzwe ni amasaha 10 kugeza kuri 18 kumunsi wicyumweru, kandi muri wikendi nibiruhuko - nta rusaku, kugirango utagabanye.
Ubu buhanga burumvikana kohereza mumazu yose kugirango twirinde ibibazo bishobora gutunganya byoroshye umukiriya ukomeye ndetse na nyirakuru wa pansiyo ubanaga. Azoroha guhamagara neza, kandi ntazabura amahirwe yo kubaha abamwubatsi kubera kuguma i Moscou nta kwiyandikisha, akazi nta ruhushya, kunyerera mu misoro, kutiyubahiriza amategeko y'umutekano, n'ibindi. Mubisanzwe usobanure, wiga kubintu nkibi kubutaka bwayo, subira kukazi. Cyane niba amafaranga akenewe. Tekereza, kuva mu mufuka aya mafaranga? Niba uruhare rwabaturanyi bameze neza rusa nkaho rudahagije, barashobora kwitotombera DEZ, abapolisi bashinzwe imisoro, guharanira uwakiriye mu bitangazamakuru. Uzatanga ibibazo byinshi muri iyi miryango. Nibyiza guhita baganira kubintu byemewe kubintu byose kandi bitangiza umubano.
Akenshi bisa nkaho bidasubirwaho amakimbirane adasubirwaho yakemuwe nuburyo bworoshye bwa tekiniki. Kurugero, mumazu ashaje hamwe n'amagorofa ashaje na stucco, impungenge zikomeye ku baturanyi, ngo zikongereho ibitagenda neza mu mpamvu zisenda. Abaturage bizeye rwose ko umushinga urenze kandi, kandi, munsi yuburemere bwibishushanyo biseke, bizasenyuka rwose. Amasezerano ya injeniyeri akoresheje ibisobanuro, kwerekana igikoresho cyukuri, gishingiye gusa kurukuta rwera, akenshi nta ngaruka zigira. Avot yahagaritse ku gisenge cy'imihanda yabo y'impapuro zisanzwe (Beacons) ihita ifata amakenga, keretse, birumvikana ko bidatandukana n'igihe cyo gucamo. Iyo matakoni yamenetse, birakenewe byihutirwa akazi kose, reba ibarwa no kubahiriza ikoranabuhanga rikenewe.
Urutonde rwubwoko butandukanye bwo kubaka no kwishyiriraho ibikorwa bigenwa nibintu byinshi, nyamukuru muri byo:
- Umubumbe n'ibigize SMR;
- Guhambira no gutanga ibikoresho n'ibikoresho;
- Kubaho kw'inzobere muri ubu;
- Uburyo bwo guhitamo amafaranga no gusana.
Rero, byiza, dukurikije uko dushyira imbere, mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya CMR ku nzu:
imwe. Gusenya ibirenze byose: Directions, Direciened, plaster, nibindi. Urashobora guhita utegeka Windows niba zigomba gusimburwa. Iyo gutumiza, birakenewe kuzirikana umubyimba wo kwigana igisenge, inkuta nuburinganire. Mubisanzwe, ubunini bwinzego zuzuye mumadirishya yafunguye shyira umwirondoro mwiza (mu musaruro wa Windows, uzatangwa inshuro nyinshi mubunini) - mu gisanduku cya plastiki-plastike ubwabo. Imbwa za Cato na nyuma yimyirondoro yumye irasenyuka, cyangwa inkuta z'ibikoresho gakondo zegeranye.
2. Gushushanya inzu ukurikije umushinga no guhindura ibya nyuma nibiba ngombwa. Niba marike yakozwe ifatanije nubwubatsi mu ntangiriro yubwubatsi, izakomeza kurangiza plaster no gukwirakwiza hejuru, bizazigama abitabiriye amasako yose (muri konte iriho kubakiriya) badashidikanywaho nibishoboka. Kubwibyo, nkuko bivuga, imigozi ya Anch inanga ifite diameter yo hanze ya mm 10 n'uburebure bwa 130-150mm ikoreshwa byoroshye. Kuva ku gicapo, "Beacon" ugomba gukora ku bunini bw'abavuga ko yakuweho wongeyeho 10-20mm kugirango abungabunge kandi nyuma yo kuzuza aba nyuma. Kugirango ugaragaze umurongo umwe ugororotse, ane and and and and and ackis irangiza igishushanyo mbonera (nyuma yo gutesha umutwe), inyanja ebyiri "zirakenewe kugirango uhoshe urukuta rusanzwe. Ibipimo bikozwe mumashoka ya anchors. Iyo gucukura umwobo muri plab bihumurize ni ngombwa kugirango ugumane uguhagarikwa kugirango ugabanye ikosa ryumuriro.
Muri rusange, umwobo wo gushiraho inanga zuzuyemo niba ikirangazwa mbere (uruhu rukomeye rwuruhu ruto) rwerekanye ko bishoboka gushyira mubikorwa byukuri. Mubinyuranye niba ukeneye kugerageza gufata ubundi buso (cyangwa) kuri base base hanyuma usubiremo Ikimenyetso. Mubisanzwe haba hari ibigeragezo bibiri cyangwa bitatu (bitera). Byihariye byitabwaho kubahiriza ubunini bwa "kunegura" (mu bikoresho, ibikoresho, ibigo bigororotse bihari by'urukuta rw'ubwiherero, ibigo bigororotse bihari by'urukuta rw'ubwiherero, ibigo bigororotse bihari by'urukuta rw'ubwiherero, ibigo bigororotse bihari, buri gikoni n'umurwanyi n'umurwanyi n'umurwanyi Igorofa (soma byinshi kubishobora kuboneka mu ngingo "Memo kubakiriya bakomeye. Dukora kumushinga"). Kubera ko ushobora kugenzura impande zumurima, ndetse hamwe na metero-metero ebyiri, nibyiza gukoresha Theoorem hamwe nuburebure bushoboka bwa Cathets muri iki cyumba. Emera, nibyiza kubora hamwe no kuranga kuruta noneho rehereza inkuta zarangiye. Byongeye kandi, mugikorwa cyo kuranga abubatsi, nkitegeko, bitanga umusanzu mubipimo byashushanyije byo gukosora byinshi.
3. Kumenyesha Ikimenyetso cya Ally hasi kugeza ku kimenyetso cyumubiri kurukuta, kurugero, umuryango wa lift. Duhereye kuri ibi bibasiwe, ibirori byose bishimishije birashobora guhora ugarura "umurongo wa zeru" munzu, kubera ko amagorofa n'inkuta ubusanzwe bidakorwa hafi ya lift. "Zeru z'umubiri" ku rukuta rw'inzu ntibihagije, kubera ko ubuso bwabo buri gihe bwo mu kazi, burashyirwa mu kazi, burashyirwa mu kazi, burashyirwa mu kazi, burahabwa, ireba, kandi umurongo wa zeru urahanaguwe. Ikimenyetso cyerekanwe cyoroshye ku butumburuke bwa 1500mm kuva hasi, kuburyo bidatinze mugihe ukorana ninzego y'amazi kandi usubiremo integer. Intera kuva muburinganire nyabwo kumurongo wumubiri kumuryango wa lift, birumvikana ko zishobora guhinduka, kugirango iki kigereranyo cyandikwa mu ikaye. "Zeru z'umubiri" igomba gutanga umwubatsi, ukurikije imiterere nyayo yo mu nzu, "pies" y'igorofa, "pizome" y'igorofa, uburebure bwahagaritswe, n'ibiti munsi y'ibikoresho, nibindi
Bane. Nyuma yo gutanga umurongo wa zeru, gufungura bikorwa mu rukuta no guhumurizwa. Muri icyo gihe, birakenewe kwitondera kubahiriza umushinga wa tekiniki n'ibyifuzo by'ikoranabuhanga. Kuri kimwe, Windows hamwe nimiryango yicyuma birashobora kwishimira.
bitanu. Ibikurikira nigikoresho cyamatafari, guhagarika nibindi bice bitarimo plaster cyangwa bitera amakadiri ya plasike kubice bya plaqueboard, bireba gusa kumutwe umwe. Igomba kwitondera "gutwika impapuro za Gypsum yumye ntigikwiye kubazwa, hamwe no gukanguka gato, ntagomba kugaragara mu ngingo; ntaho urenze mm mu ngingo (snup 3.04. 01-87 "Kwirinda no kurangiza amatara"). Birashoboka gukora ubushakashatsi gusa nyuma yo gushushanya, ariko birakenewe kwita kubisubizo bye byiza ubu. Gusukura no gutumanaho hasi mubisanzwe bihisha munsi ya plaster, no muri frame, mubyongeyeho, urashobora guhisha imiyoboro yo gutanga amazi, gushyushya. Injizwa mu mwanya wagabanijwe hagati y'Amahoro zombi, barambuye andker andker, biragoye ndetse n'icyifuzo gikomeye. Igihe cyigihe cyiteguye kumadirishya mashya, nyuma yo gushiraho balkoni na logigiya, nibiba ngombwa.
6. Igikoresho cy'ibice gikurikira intanga gitumanaho - amashanyarazi, imiyoboro mito-voltage (tenten n 'inzara "insinga z'umutekano n'umuryango, imiyoboro y'amazi hamwe na pisine y'ikirere . Kuri iki cyiciro, kwitabwaho bigomba kwishyurwa kugirango byubahirize neza ibyangombwa - snips, Pue, nibindi. Urugero rwihishe mu mashanyarazi yemerewe gukorwa gusa mubwisho kabiri, no muri Inzego zibice kandi zihagarikwa ikigo "cyibihuha, gusa mu gasanduku, ibyuma; inyuma yimyambaro yo kwikura cyangwa imiyoboro isa cyangwa insinga, insinga zirimo insinga zifite ibishishwa bivuye mu bikoresho byakazi "(PUT2000G," Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi by'inyubako zo guturamo no muri Leta ", pp .7.29, 7.1.29, 7.1.29, 7.1.29, 7.1.29, 7.1.29, 7.1.
"Imirongo ya Network yoherejwe mu mbaho z'itsinda kugira ngo ikorwe soketi igomba gukorwa n'ibyiciro bitatu (icyiciro cyakoranye na zeru n'uyobora., P. 7.1.33. Umukozi wicyuma urwaye insinga muri screed munsi ya parquet hasi igomba kuba iri kure kurukuta kugirango ubashe gukosora inkombe. Muri rusange, gushyira imbere itumanaho neza mumyambaro n'ibirimo byakoreshejwe gusa mu bihe bikabije, kubera ko gusimbuza no gusana insinga, fungura urukuta cyangwa igisenge kuruta amagorofa, cyane cyane Parque.
Birakwiye kandi kutibutsa ko kuva 1999. "Imiyoboro y'amatsinda itanga soketi igomba gukoreshwa hamwe na trigger nominal iri munsi yo kutarenza 30ma" (Ibid., P.7.1.79). Mu ntangiriro Iri tegeko ryakoreshejwe gusa mubwiherero. Ibitaro, ingano yingingo ntabwo yemerera kuvuga ibinezeza byose byibikoresho byo guhagarika (Uzo) nihame ryakazi kabo. Reka tuvuge vuba: RCO nziza ikuraho burundu imiti idahwitse yamashanyarazi numuriro ugomba kubona inshinge zifite inenge muminyururu bakingiwe. Ntabwo dukeneye gusa kutibagirwa kugenzura "ikiganiro nibyifuzo byuwabikoze." Cyane cyane ko atari byo bigoye: kanda buto ya "Ikizamini" na nyuma yo gukurura neza gushyira "Mwandikisho" mumwanya wakazi. Igitekerezo cyacu gisaba kwipimisha rimwe mu kwezi. Iburengerazuba, RCO yariyongereye cyane mumyaka 60-70 ya XXVEK.
Iyo ufite amazi menshi no gushyushya umupira, "umupira" wahanaguye umupira waguzwe mu maduka yihariye agomba gukoreshwa. Igenzura rya Cash nibyiza gukizwa kugirango urebe mugihe habaye imikorere mibi. Igomba kwitondera ko impapuro zose zo gutanga amazi no gushyushya zigomba kubona (ibishishwa, bikurwaho amabati kuri magnesi, nibindi); Ku mfuruka yinyeshyamba zamateka, birakenewe gushiraho "ubugenzuzi" kugirango ubashe kubageraho mugihe cya Majenitura yatangaye inkuta mubwiherero. Niba imari yemerewe, urashobora kwishyiriraho sisitemu yitarerezi, mu buryo bwikora ukoresheje amazi akoresheje valve ya electomagnetic hamwe nubushuhe bwa seriveri idasanzwe yashyizwe mu bwiherero nigikoni. Gushiraho byuzuye (kwishyiriraho) kuri sisitemu nkiyinginga yamazi ashyushye kandi akonje agura amadorari 450.
Nyuma yo gutanga itumanaho ryihishe, ariko mbere ya kashe ye, abubatsi bagomba kuyobora hakurikijwe ibipimo birihoho, kimwe no kuzuza no kohereza ibyangombwa nkurikije umukiriya. Imikorere y'Inyandiko Nyobozi ni ukureba ko umuntu wese ubishaka, harimo n'umukiriya, nyuma yo gutumanaho, bishobora kumenya aho biherereye, bishobora kumenya aho biherereye (byashoboraga kumenya aho biherereye (byashyizwe ahagaragara, bisemburwa, munsi ya hasi). Ibi bifitanye isano na parquetrs zifunga Phaneur kuri screreed, abastain bashyiraho ibikoresho mubwiherero no gusiganwa ku rukuta mubyumba, nibindi. Ariko ibyinshi mubyatsi bishinzwe umutekano bya nyiri inzu, nyuma ya byose, ndetse no kumanika amashusho, ugomba kumenya aho inkuta zambukira inkuta, tutibagiwe nicyo guhindura bikomeye imbere mugihe kizaza. Inyandiko nyobozi ikora izo nzitizinzo zitera itumanaho, kandi ugenzure umugenzuzi w'igenzura rya tekiniki cyangwa umukiriya ubwayo. Imigambi irashobora kandi gukururwa mu ntoki, ikintu nyamukuru nuko zirimo gukaraba inkuta zose, amagorofa hamwe nimpapuro niyinga insinga n'imiyoboro iranga, bafite imikono n'igice kiranga. Umubare wimibare ufitanye isano nigihe kizaza cyo kurangiza bigomba kuba bihagije kubijyanye no kugena bidasubirwaho aho bibaho.
Itangazo ry'abamwubatsi bakora byose kumushinga, ishobora kuba ibyatsi tegeko, ntabwo ihanganye nicyo kunegura, kubera ko hari ibimenyetso byagereranijwe byerekanwe mubishushanyo, kandi abatayoboye hejuru yinzu.
Ibizamini by'amazi bya sisitemu yo gutanga amazi bikozwe hakurikijwe snup 3.05.01-85 "Isuku ya tekiniki", ingingo ya tekiniki ", uburyo bwo gutanga amazi", ni "sisitemu yo gutanga amazi 10 (B1.5rea hejuru yakazi) kuri hydrostatike uburyo bwo kwipimisha ntabwo bwagaragaye mu gitonyanga cya 0,5 km. Imiyoboro, imiyoboro y'amazi n'amazi. " Kuri sisitemu yo gushyushya, "igitutu ntigikwiye kurenga 0.2Kgs / CM2 kuminota 5" (Ibid., Ingingo 4.6). Umuvuduko ukabije wakozwe na hydraulic yihariye yifashisha nibikoresho byiza (ifoto6), kuboneka kuri ibyo bigo bigomba gutanga abamwubatsi kumafaranga yabo. Tanga "kanda imiyoboro yumuvuduko wakazi" nibyiza kwanga, kuko mugihe cyo kugenzura igitutu muri sisitemu birashobora kudashimangirwa. Byongeye kandi, nkuko imyitozo ibitaramo, hamwe no kwiyongera mu muvuduko wa 1.5 ku ya 150 yo gukora muri 80% by'imanza, ahantu haboneka kumeneka, bitari muri leta isanzwe.
Sisitemu ya Sewage iragenzurwa "nuburyo bworoshye bwamazi yavumbuye 75% byibikoresho byisuku bihujwe nubuso bwikizamini mugihe gikenewe mugihe gikenewe kugirango hatabaho sisitemu binyuze muri inkike z'imiyoboro n'ahantu hamwe. "(SUNIP3. 05.01-85, ingingo 4.13). Munsi yamashusho yoroshye, birashoboka gushyira impapuro zisukuye, aho ibitonyanga bizahita bigaragara mugihe cyo kumeneka.
Mbere yo gushyirwaho ikimenyetso, byaba byiza ugenzura megommeter yo kurwanya inkenga zamashanyarazi cyangwa byibuze "impeta" testers yayo (ifoto 5). Bizaba ngombwa gusubiramo cheque na nyuma yo kurangiza gufunga byose: Gushiraho Ikibaho, Plywood, Amashami, Amashami, Amashami, Amashami, Crimping Mu ntoki cyangwa ku cino (terminals) mu bisanduku by'ishami "(snup 3.05.06-85, P.3.34). Ni ukuvuga, nta kugoreka byemewe. Mu gihe cyambere, igihe gikunze gukonjeshwa na gato nta mashami (Sparkling). Ijisho kuri buri muguzi rikururwa riva mu rutonde, nubwo kunywa insinga byiyongera cyane.
7. Nyuma yo kwinginga no kugenzura itumanaho, amakadiri yibice afunzwe hamwe numutse, kora amazi, kora amazi make no mu gikoni hanyuma utangire igikoresho cya screed ushiraho urugi rwimbere mbere yibyo.
Duhereye kuri iyi ngingo, kurangiza imirimo "igomba gukorwa ku bushyuhe bwiza cyane hamwe n'ubuso bw'ubuso butarenze + 10c n'ubushyuhe bwo mucyumba bigomba kubungabungwa hirya no hino Isaha, ntabwo ari munsi yiminsi 2 mbere yigihe cyo gutangira na 12 nyuma yimirimo yo kurangiza, mbere yo gukora ikintu gikoreshwa mubikoresho byo gusiganwa no gukurikiza urupapuro rwa polyment kigomba gukorwa mukirere kibisi kandi Ubuso buri munsi ya 15c (snup 3.04.01-87).
Ibyiringiro binini byo kudakwiye gutangwa bitagomba gushyirwaho, ntibizakiza byose mu mwuzure ukomeye. Bizafasha gusa kubera kumeneka gusa, kurugero, niba byakuwe mu mazi ya drain aver mashini imesa n'amazi yose avuye mu kigega cyari hasi. Nibyo, kandi aya mazi ntazagaragara ku gisenge kubaturanyi kuva hasi gusa niba ijambo ryubwiherero rifunze impande zose "inkoni". Niba amagorofa yo mubwiherero n'andi mazu akozwe, kimwe n'imyambarire, murwego rumwe, hakenewe amazi manda akenewe gusa kumatiku. Birasa nkaho nubahirije ibipimo, ariko mubyukuri byacitse.
Igishimishije, gutandukana guhora hafi ya buri gihe gushinja abashinzwe ubuyobozi bwinzu ndetse na condomirine "ihenze". Baje vuba kuri trifles, kandi kurenga guke cyane "gukora" kubabatsi. Bibaho, birashoboka cyane, muburyo bwa manike, birabona kandi urwego nyarwo rufite amazi akoresheje inkuta kandi ntitwite ku rukuta "unyuze mu muryango. Akenshi, birashoboka kandi kureba uburyo inzobere zimwe zitonze zihitamo amazi kandi zisuka igabanuka ryagaragaye. Hanyuma abandi ba shebuja baje batera hejuru ya elose yamashanyarazi, bakosora kaseti yo gushiraho hamwe no kwigunga binyuze muri screed cyangwa amazi. Imiterere yubukorikori irambitse hasi hasi hasi izashya hamwe nimigozi miremire, iziza kwinjira hejuru. Byaba byiza kurushaho kugura kaseti yo gushiraho na gato, hamwe na kabili "yo gukama" kuri alabaster. Dowel dowel kuba yarahambiriye umusarani kugirango abeshye hamwe ninyanja ya silicone cyangwa kwibiza muri Bistic ya bitumen; Kimwe no gukora hamwe na screw.
Imyifatire Rusange kuri plaster yakuweho na plaster nkikintu cyisumbuye, kitoroshye-kibi. Ubwiza bwibishingwe munsi yikintu cyanyuma ntabwo ari ngombwa kuruta ubwiza bwibiti ubwabyo, ibyinshi mu nenge bibaho gusa bitewe nubukwe bwa ". BENSHI kubwimpamvu runaka biteguye kwishyura amadorari 20 kuri metero kare yo kurambika, kandi $ 8 biranga kuri scleard. Mubyukuri, kwifuza gukora bihendutse bizahora biboneka, ariko bizaba gutesha umutwe? Nyuma ya byose, ubwiza bwa miselakere, butandukanye nubusabane bwa cafeter, reba byinshi biragoye. Hariho ibikoresho byihariye hamwe nakazi katoroshye (gusa kubigenzuzi bya tekiniki), kuko urebye bwa mbere, hazabera ibishya kandi plaster buri gihe irasa. Bibaho kubera ibara ryijimye ryijimye ryijimye, bidasobanura itara ryaguye kandi kubwibyo, bihisha ntanganiye. Ariko niba ukoresheje metero ebyiri hejuru (mubisanzwe aluminium rake - ifoto1), lumens idashidikanywaho irashobora kuboneka.
Dukurikije snip 3.04.01- 87 "Kwirinda no kurangiza amacakubiri", linoleum cyangwa cvc tile ntibagomba kurenga 2mm, "munsi yisahani mu masahani yubundi bwoko, Kurangiza amatafari n'amatafari, ibara mu bice bivuye mu gihirahiro gishyushye, Polyvinys acetate na sima-beto no munsi y'amaharatu - 4m. Muyandi magambo, niba insinga ya diameter ihuye itarenze hagati yubutegetsi nubuzima bushobora gufatwa nkubutegetsi, hashobora gufatwa nkicyemezo cyose (ku ifoto 1 ishyingiranwa ryerekanwa). Byongeye kandi, ubuso bwa screed ntibukwiye gutandukana kuva kuri horizontal "birenze inshuro eshatu zubunini bwicyumba" (Thamber). Ariko ibi ntabwo aribyo byose, nyuma yibyumweru bike nyuma yibyumweru bike, hashobora guhinduka kugirango utamenyekana, utandukana nibice bitandukanye, bizatangira gukuramo ahantu hatandukanye, "gutwika" (cyangwa " imva "), kandi kandi yongera" ibitariho byerekana urucacagu neza. " Impamvu zibi zirashobora kuba itandukaniro cyane: Ikoranabuhanga ribi ryacitse cyangwa riri rimenetse cyangwa rishyushye cyane "- etc. Muri rusange, ireme ryibishushanyo irashobora kugereranywa ukwezi nyuma yukwezi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni byiza kwishyura akazi ku gikoresho cyacyo icyarimwe.
Mugihe uhisemo ibikoresho kubikoresho, ugomba kuzirikana ko atari imvange yumuntu ari nziza. Usibye umucanga na sima, plastizer igomba kuba mu gisubizo, cyongewe mugihe cyo kwitegura, cyangwa kimaze kuboneka muburyo bwumutse. Noneho abakora batandukanye bakorerwa abantu badasanzwe hamwe nabanyeshuri bose bakenewe, ukwayose kandi batandukanye na plaster. Nibyo, umufuka wibicuruzwa ugura inshuro ebyiri kurenza ibihimbano bisanzwe, ariko gukora hamwe no gukoresha imvange byizewe, kuko "ikintu cyabantu" gihuzwa - amakosa ashoboka mu bice.
Niba utuye mu gutura, kitaragera kuri Livices yumye hamwe na plastique yumye, urashobora gukoresha tekinike ya Malististe ": kumufuka igihumbi-igihumbi yo kuvanga umucanga wumye hamwe na cement ugomba kongeramo litiro imwe ya Pva kole iyo zikatiwe zizahinduka plastiki muriki, kandi zishimangira - gukomera.
Ntabwo ari ngombwa kuruta ibigize igisubizo, ubwiza bwa screed ni ugukurikiza ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga ryayo. "Mbere yo gutanga igisubizo, ishingiro rigomba kuba ryuzuye umukungugu kandi ryubatswe ningingo idasanzwe" (snup 3.04.01-87). Ibitekerezo byubwubatsi, biragoye gushyira mubikorwa byimazeyo iki gisabwa, kuko mugihe cyo guteka no gukurikira igisubizo cyahantu ho kwishyiriraho, shingiro iracyanduye. "Inzira" eshatu zikurikira ukwezi zizakurikiranwa ("gutwika" mugihe uzamuka). Guhuza neza ni ngombwa: igisubizo kinini cyane kizavamo gukuramo no gucika intege, amazi menshi azaba maremare kubera imyanda idahwitse kandi igaragara neza "aho kuba indege.
Kugirango hashingiwe ahantu h'umuyoboro wo gucana, ubuso bwanyuma bwashyizwe ahagaragara nyuma yo gukuraho igice cyegeranye cyangwa kikaba kirimo gushinjwa kandi kigaburira. "(Snup 3.04.01-87).
Kandi amaherezo, ntabwo ari ngombwa guhitamo neza gusa no kubahiriza ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye ryubusa, ariko mugihe runaka kirakenewe "kwitabwaho" neza: "Kwitonda" neza: "Ibice byingenzi, bya screed, amababi ya minyabusire kuri sima agomba kuba Mugihe cyiminsi 7-10 nyuma yo gushira munsi yisinal bahora bangamire amazi "(snup 3.04.01-87). Noneho, ubu uzavuga ko byoroshye gukora neza kuruta gushyira tile?
Niba abubatsi bawe batitaye ku kintu kandi nyuma y'ukwezi, umuseke wabaye "humpback", yaciwe kandi afatwa hasi, kandi ibi bifatwa neza (byaba byiza bitewe nabakoze icyaha). Kuri Leta yindege, ubuso bwahinduwe ukoresheje uburyo bwo kwishyira hejuru, kandi ahabigenewe Phareur munsi ya Parquet ikosorwa na screw ndende inyuze muri karuvati, muri plab yuzuye.
Kandi. Huza - ahantu ukunda aho ba shebuja utigeze uhisha byinshi birenze urugero. Kumakuru: 1M2 screed 2cm hari igikapu kimwe (50kg) cyivanze cyumye. Kumenya ubunini bwo hagati bwa sction (ku gishushanyo cyo gupima no kwerekana zeru), urashobora kugenzura byoroshye ibigera byubaka.
Mu cyumba cy'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe, bitarenze 60% by'ubuzima mu minsi itatu ni ukunguka imbaraga 70%, nyuma yaho bishoboka gutangira guhobera no gukora akazi.
umunani. Plastersing kandi yateguwe. "Ubushuhe buke bw'amatafari, ibuye na beto byasomye hejuru ntibigomba kurenga 8%" (snup 3.04.01-87).
Kuri Plant sima-Umusenyi, hafi ya bose bavugwa. Ariko, bitandukanye na screded, ubuso bwacyo bugomba kuba butambitse, buba bisabwa "gushira kumurima ugana (snup 3.01-97), hejuru ya plaster igomba kuba vertical vertical, bityo "umubyimba wemewe wa plaster imwe mugihe ushyiramo ibice, usibye plaster igomba gukoreshwa nyuma yo gushiraho iyambere. "(Thamber). Ibitaro, mubyukuri, iki gipimo gikunze guhungabana, abayisizi baragerageza "guta" mubyimbye icyarimwe, bigatera kuyobora nyuma kugirango bacike.
Reba kandi wemere plaster, kimwe na screed, birasabwa icyumweru nyuma ya 3-4 nyuma yumurimo. Muri kiriya gihe, igikombe kirashobora gukurura "gukurura", gutandukana ("guturika" igihe kizamuka) kandi gitwikiriwe na zigzag ya drif ("urubuga"), bigaragarira neza igihe inkuta zaraseswa. Niba utangiye gushushanya akazi nyuma yinyuma ya plaster, iyi "urubuga", hanyuma ibice bikomeye birashobora gukomera ku buso busize irangi. Kubwibyo, plaster igomba "guhagarara" byibuze ibyumweru bitatu. Azatat, kubera guhagarikwa, biracyakorwa nimyenda idasanzwe ikomeza hanyuma igashyiraho umucanga.
Niba ubushobozi bwimari bwemerera guhuza ubuso, cyane cyane beto, nibyiza kudakoresha sima-sandy, na gypsum ivanze nka rock. Ntabwo bazwi cyane ku buhanga mu ikoranabuhanga, bagira icyo uhindura ku mpamvu, mubyukuri ntucike intege - niba gusa nurukuta gusa. Ibibi nyamukuru ni igiciro: inshuro 5-8 kurenza imvange zisanzwe-imizigo hamwe nibihe 3-4 - byihariye, nka "birs".
Ibipimo bya geometrike kubwiza bwa plaster ni ibi bikurikira: "Gutandukana bivuye muri vertical (Dmmtal) yubuso bwanditse ntibukwiye kurenga (VMM kugeza 1m): hamwe na plaster yoroshye- 3, ubuziranenge, 1, ubuziranenge, 1, ubuziranenge, 1, ubuziranenge, 1 . Ibidashoboka byo hejuru (n4m2): Hamwe na plaster yoroshye - bitarenze 3, ubujyakuzimu (uburebure) kugeza kuri 2; ubujyakuzimu, ubujyakuzimu ) kugeza kuri 2mm "(snup 3.04.01-87). Ibipimo nibyingenzi ntabwo biterwa nuko nyuma yo gushushanya gushushanya kurukuta rwinshi twanditseho ntabwo "bitagaragara", ariko nanone biva muburyo bwikoranabuhanga. Igice kinini cya spacion urwo rwego rwa plaster rushobora gucamo hamwe na detach.
Gutandukana kw'idirishya n'umuryango, abapilote, inkingi, luzg, kandi ntarambirwa. Bidakwiye kandi kurengana. Kuva mu macunga yoroheje- 4m kuri 1m Kuri 1m. Gutandukana kwa radiyo (byageragejwe nigiswa) yubuso bwa curvilinear kuva agaciro kashushanyije (kubintu byose) ntibigomba kurenga: hamwe na plament yose) ntigomba kurenga: hamwe na plament-10m, ubuziranenge bwa Ubugari bw'umushinga wo mu mushinga ntibyagomba kurenga: hamwe na plaster yoroshye- 5mm, kunoza - 3mm, ubuziranenge - 2m "). Kugenzura igice cya geometrike cyubwiza bwibikorwa bya plaster cyakozwe ukoresheje plumb (Ifoto3), urwego rwuzuye hamwe namafaranga abiri-mari ya moshi (POME2). By'umwihariko ukenera kugenzura aho peteroli, platbands, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byububaji bizashirwa - kugirango bakureho amazu hagati yabo nurukuta mugihe kizaza.
Ihame, rishyiraho amabati kuri plaskiboard hamwe nubuzima mubwiherero bushobora gukorwa muburyo busa nibice bya plaster yindi. Ariko, niba tile ishyizwe hejuru, igomba kubanza gukama.
Inkuta zo kuryamana na tile zigomba guhuza byibuze icyiciro cyubwiza "byoroshye", kuko guhuza kwamashanyarazi cyangwa mastike bitemewe, birashobora gukurura amabati. Ati: "Ubunini bw'ikibaya gifatika giturutse ku gisubizo ntigomba kurenga 7mm, kuva muri mastike-1mm" (snup 3.04.01-87). Niba kubwimpamvu iyo ari yo yose utagira amahirwe yo kugura kole ya tile igezweho, urashobora kongera gukoresha uburyo bwa "Muburyo bwasosiyalisiti": Muri litiro 10 zo mu gisubizo cya sima ihendutse kandi zishikamye.
Ibipimo bya geometrike kugirango ireme ryibicuruzwa ni ibi bikurikira: "Ubuso butondetse ku bicuruzwa by'ikirahure n'ibirahuri birashobora kugira deramic na chamic ceramic na 1m): hanze kugeza kuri 2,5mm; kimwe - gutandukana kwa kashe ihagaritse kandi itambitse; ibitagenda neza mu ndege 2): Hafi ya metero 2m), kugeza kuri 2mm. Gutandukana nubugari bwa kashe ntibigomba kurenga 0.5mm (snip 04/04 / 01-87). Gusiba ingano ya tile bigomba kuba hafi icyumweru cyicyumweru nyuma yo kurambika no gutsinda imbaraga zikenewe.
Gukomeza.