Ni ubuhe "bukosora"? Ibikoresho byo gufunga, intoki z'umuryango, imirongo n'intonde. Uburyo bwibikorwa, ibikoresho, ibisubizo byuwashushanyije.
1 - Urugi-Nob
Imibare izi byose. Ubumenyi bwacyo hamwe nimbaraga zimigendere yabantu murugo. Rero, burimunsi compatrit yacu iri kumwe nawe inshuro 5-6 gusura umusarani, nkibikoresho, byibuze inshuro 10 zizashimwa mu gikoni. Imibare, birumvikana, iragereranijwe, ariko biragaragara ko buri munsi dusanga, funga imiryango yimbere yinzu yacu.
Nta kintu na kimwe cyo kuvuga, umuryango fireings "wabikoze cyane mu mibereho yacu." Iyo ibyo byose bikurikirana bikurikirana, ntitubona, ariko birakwiye ko hariho ubuzima bworoheje bwahise buhinduka ubwoba. Gufunga-kuzenguruka cyane, intoki zakomeretse kandi imiryango ifunze idasubirwaho, ishyare, ntabwo ari firime ziteye ubwoba gusa.
Kugira ngo wirinde uruhu runini ruva ku muryango "trifles", iyo kugura ari ngombwa guhitamo ibikoresho "byiza". Igomba kwizerwa, byoroshye gukora, umushyitsi mwiza ntashobora kwitondera idirishya rikize cyangwa idirishya ryiza ryurugo, ariko ikiganza cyumuryango rwose kizagwa mumaso ye. Kubwibyo, ibibazo byukuri bigaruriwe nubwenge bwa ba injeniyeri, abakora buzwi cyane hamwe nabashushanya bayobora isi. Ibikoresho byimbere (byitwa Ibikoresho kugeza kuri revolution ya Ukwakira) kumuryango w'imbere kandi uzaganirwaho muriyi ngingo.
Sesame, fungura!
Kuki ukeneye amasomo yose, ibigo, amasaha? Igisubizo kiragaragara. Amaduka ya Vesserine agurisha imiryango ishyirwaho hamwe nibikoresho byinshi byo gufunga - kuva kuri casing yoroshye-umugozi-valves to ultra-fucle yizewe cyane. Ovariagents yo gufunga imiryango yinjira yavuzwe mu ngingo "umunezero ucecetse wo gufunga".Ku miryango y'imbere y'inyubako, ubwoko bukurikira bwo gufunga bukoreshwa: kunyura kuri ansitirwa, akoresheje umuguzi (bashyizwe mu rugo rw'imiryango n'ubwiherero) na "bisanzwe" urufunguzo. Gufunga - ibintu bitandukanye cyane cyane byo gufunga. Mubyukuri, ntibafunga umuryango, ariko babitse muri leta ifunze. Ibifunga ni fale, roller na magnetic.
Roller Fata umuryango ufashijwe na roller izunguruka kubuntu (roller) yagenwe nimpeshyi. Yanze umwanya wa roller iherereye mu komanda w'umuryango. Gukingura urugi, birakenewe kugirango dushyiremo imbaraga zo gusunika roller mumuryango duke. Ibisohoka bya roller latch bigengwa na screw biherereye imbere yifumbire. Imiryango hamwe na latch yubu bwoko busanzwe ifite ibikoresho bihagaze.
Fale azenguruka Koresha ururimi ruzunguruka, narwo ruhamye. Urugi ruzakinze ukanda cyangwa uhindura ikiganza. Ibyiza byibikoresho biri imbere ya roller na magnetic ntibishoboka gufungura umuryango wigitanyo, reka tuvuge, munsi yumushinga. Ariko, umuntu azabishaka, kubinyuranye, ingaruka. Mubyukuri, bumeze bute niba mumuryango wawe hari umwana muto, utaragera ku muryango? Amashuri atariyo arashobora kumurusha imbaraga. Uruhande rukomeye, impuhwe z'intoki zirababaje, kandi ntushake "gukubita" imiryango yongeye. Gukemura ikibazo bizafasha lace, bishimangirwa kurangiza gusunika lever. Imyitozo yerekana ko n'abana, ntibashoboye kugenda, bashoboye gufungura no gufunga umuryango ufite lace.
Gufunga imiryango yimbere imbere, ikoreshwa muburyo busanzwe hamwe ninzitizi (bigira ingaruka kubibazo bya priste prique) hamwe ninfuti idasanzwe ya latch. Imiterere nibishushanyo byanyuma birashobora kuba bitandukanye. Indangagaciro ziratandukanye muburyo bwigice cyinkoni yo gufunga (iringaniye no kuzenguruka), urwego rwa "gufungura" (gufungura "(mu zindi moderi" bigerwaho "gusa igice cyacyo cyambere). Indangagaciro zirimo amatwi yo kumanika gufunga (izo nzego zikoreshwa mubyumba byingirakamaro). Hariho kandi ibikoresho bifite ibikoresho byo hanze yimiryango ifite ikimenyetso hamwe ninyandiko zigenda: "uhuze", "mu bwisanzure". Indangagaciro nk'izo zamenyekanye cyane mu nzu y'abaturage (cyane cyane kubarahira abatuye ibihugu by sovitique yo muri Sovitique).
Fale ans hamwe nigitereko kirasanzwe mubwiherero bugezweho. Mubisanzwe bafite ibikoresho byimpande ebyiri zisunika na buto ya swivel. Ibi bikoresho birahari nkabakora murugo. Igiciro cy'Uburusiya na Biyelorusiya mu bwiherero ni $ 1.5-10 (byakozwe mu nganda zuruganda i Kovrov, Brest, Mogilev, hamwe no muri St. Petersburg "Rigel"). Ibicuruzwa bisa na Turukiya bizatwara amadorari 4-20 (kale, Mazini, fiore). Icyesipanyoli, Igifaransa n'Ubutaliyani nyuma y'ubwiherero kiva mu madolari 10 (Abataliyani byakozwe na M.b.c., Pasini, Mandasi
Ahantu hatandukanye hamwe nigitereko ni impfubyi-urusebe hamwe na buto yubatswe. Kubura igishushanyo birashobora kwitwa ubunini buke bwa buto- Ibi bituma bigora gukoresha ikiganza. Nta mwanya ku isoko hari ibikoresho bisa na Kale na Tesa (Espanye). Igiciro - kuva $ 4 kugeza $ 10.
Nububiko bwicyumba hamwe nurufunguzo, mubikorwa byayo ntabwo bitandukanye nibikoresho bisa. Itandukaniro riri muburyo bworoshye bwa Mechanism yo gufunga, urwego rwibanga ryarwo. Nk'uko GOST 5089-97, imiryango y'imbere yemerewe gukoresha ibifunga byo hasi cyane, yambere ifite imiterere yumutekano muto. Ntabwo bitangaje: Abajura n'abafunga bagomba kurwanya imiryango. Ku rukeri rwimbere, ubwitonzi bwakazi ni ngombwa cyane. Kubwibyo, ibice byabo byimuka bikunze guhinduka mumiryango yumuringa kandi bisa nabyo birashoboka ko inzira yoroshye yoroshye ya uburyo bwo gufunga.
Nk'uko GOST 5089-97 (igihome kandi cyagiye ku miryango. Ibisobanuro "), icyiciro cyo hasi, nibura icyiciro cyo hasi, byibuze 200000 cycle yo gufunga. Nanone, imiyoboro hamwe nintoki birasabwa kwihanganira umwanya wo kugoreka byibuze 15hm (iyi gaciro ihuye numutwaro kuri 1.5 kg ikoreshwa muburebure bwa lever1m).
Intoki
Imiyoboro yumuryango iratandukanye hamwe hamwe nubwubatsi (imiyoboro ihagaze, kumera no gusunika hamwe na latch, mu bwiherero, mubwiherero), Ikoranabuhanga rikora, Ikoranabumbano no gukingira. Ibicuruzwa byamasosiyete Mandelli, Vallivalli, Colombo, M.V .. bahagarariwe cyane ku isoko ryibikoresho byo murugo. (Ubutaliyani), abloye (Finlande), Jado, SCOL, gucika intege, boda, hoda, gukubita, mesre n'abandi.
Imikoreshereze ihagaze ntabwo ifite ibice bigendanwa kandi igishushanyo mbonera. P-shusho zubahine ziramenyekana cyane. Mubisanzwe uburebure bwabaturutse kuri110 kugeza kuri mm, uburebure (ugereranije nindege yumuryango) - kuva 40 kugeza kuri 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60 kugeza 60. Ubworoherane bwibishushanyo mbonera bigabanya ibishoboka byo gukoresha, ariko mubyukuri bivamo gusenyuka. Imikoreshereze itandukanye yibikoresho byakorewe, birazwi cyane ni ibyuma bitagira ingano hamwe na chrome. Imiterere ya Becket irashobora kuba itandukanye cyane, uhereye kuri urukiramende gakondo kugeza kumirongo igoye cyangwa imirongo yamenetse. Imyuka ya Ergonomics yiyerekwa rya Ergonomics muri Ens-brackets ifite byibuze ibyiza bibiri. Iya mbere kubwiza rya P-shusho hamwe ningofero yoroshye ntabwo bishoboka kwizirika kumyenda. Icya kabiri, ibyo bicuruzwa ni isuku cyane, birashobora kugira isuku byoroshye.
Biroroshye gushushanya ibiganza bikosowe na g-shusho na knobs-buto, byitwa andi makoro. Aba nyuma, kuba bakozwe mubyuma bidafite ishingiro na Cornmarlacks, akenshi bikubiye mu mitwe yo gufunga imiryango imiryango yinjira, kuko badatinya "ibikorwa bya" ibikorwa byo kwiba ".
Kuburyo bwubwoko bwimikorere yinzugi zimbere (yasabye imbaraga nimyabumenyi ntabwo ari hejuru cyane), yaguye shusho yerekana imiterere no kuzunguruka-buto. Ibikoresho byubwoko byombi biyobora umuraba ufunga kandi birashoboka gufungura cyangwa gufunga umuryango. Icyitegererezo kimwe na swivel gikoreshwa nubukoresha bumwe - mubyukuri biratandukanye gusa muburyo bwo gukora ikintu dukora ukuboko. Umuvuduko w'igitutu uhujwe n'inkoni inyura mu muryango. Uburebure bw'igitoki ni 50-55mm. Uburebure bw'ubuso bw'akazi bwa m-shusho busanzwe bugereranywa n'ubugari bw'intoki (100-12MM). Urugi rufungura iyo ukanze kuri lever. Rotary Acbs-buto ni imitwe ibiri yuzuye ihujwe numuryango ufite inkoni. Uburebure bwabo ni 50-65mm, diameter ya buto ni 50-65mm.
Guhitamo iyi cyangwa ubwoko bwa fale ni uburyohe. Igomba kwitondera gusa ko umuvuduko ushoboye gufata no kwangiza imyenda, ariko biroroshye gukora, ushobora no gukingura urugi nta bufasha. Impinduka za "umudendezo" nk'abo ntizemewe na bo, bityo mu bihugu byinshi by'Uburayi, imiryango mu bigo bya Leta byateganijwe gutanga umusaruro gusa kugira ngo byorohereze abashyitsi.
Uburyo na Levers byingaruka
Imiyoboro yumuryango ifatanye nuburebure bwa 800-1200mm kuva hasi. GOST Ibiriho 1462-84 bisaba kwishyiriraho urugi rwinyubako rusange ninganda kuri 1000mm kuva hasi. Nta byifuzo by'imiryango "bwite", nibyiza rero kuva mumategeko ya Ergonomics, avuga ati: Byoroshye mugihe urugi rukinguye, ukuboko yunamye mu nkokora ahantu hakwiye. Ubwanyuma rero uburebure bwo kwishyiriraho intoki biterwa gusa no gukura kw'inzu.Intera kuva ku nkombe yumuryango kugera kumurongo ugenwa nigishushanyo cyigikoresho cyingenzi kandi ni impuzandengo ya mm 50-80. Haracyari impfu zidahuye nugufunga birasabwa kuboneka kure yintera ya canvas (intera ndende uhereye kumpera, niko bizakenerwa cyane gufungura no gufunga umuryango ). Intego na Swivel ipfunyika ryimiryango yisanduku yometse kumwirondoro Pin (Square Stem) mukureka imigozi. Asami socket murwego rumwe rwakandamijwe gusa kumurongo wa PIN hamwe nimiturire, hiyongereyeho amazu yizewe rimwe na rimwe rimwe na rimwe byitwa "Ikidage", kuko ari Byahisemo nurufatiro rwuje urukundo rwabadage). Ku miryango y'umwami, imiyoboro ikosowe ihambiriye imigozi ikomeza, kandi ku mutungo wa FOLE, ihuza ryakoreshejwe hamwe n'amaboko. Bituma bigora kubona ikiganza no gusenya "abo hanze", ariko, byanze bikunze, bidashobora gufatwa nkinzitizi ikomeye kuri Hacker. Kubwibyo, mugihe ibintu bidafite ishingiro k'umuryango ari ngombwa, birumvikana cyane gukoresha icyitegererezo cyagenwe cyo gukomera kuri lidrews irinzwe n'intwaro.
Ikintu nyamukuru nukuba cyiza
Urebye mububiko umwe cyangwa indi ntera yo mubyumba cyangwa inzugi zinjira, ugomba kwibuka ingingo zikurikira:
Ukurikije kwishyiriraho urugi, imiryango ifite imiterere iburyo cyangwa ibumoso irashobora gusabwa (ibi bireba ibikoresho bya fale). Toranya ukurikije igishushanyo cyumuryango.
Ibitekerezo bimwe byibihugu byombi byateguwe kugirango bishyire mu miryango y'ubwinshi butandukanye (kuva35 kugeza 80mm). Witondere kwerekana niba ibikoresho byatoranijwe bikwiranye numuryango wawe.
Uburyo bufite ishingiro bwo gufunga (insoro mu cyumba) ikora neza, bucece kandi nta mbaraga nyinshi. Isoko ryurugomo wigenga usubiza ikiganza kumwanya wambere. Umwanya ku ntoki ntigomba kurenza 3nm.
Ururimi rwo gufunga rugomba gukurwa burundu mu gikonje igihe cyahinduye ikiganza ku nguni, kitarenze 45. Iki gito, iki gikorwa cyiza cy'umuryango. Ntabwo irenze ubunini bwa 20-30 hamwe nuburyo bukomeye.
Umutwe kugirango urugi rwinjire rugomba guhuzwa nigice cyihishe cya silinderi. Ibinyomoro bya silinderi yafunze icyarimwe neza munsi yo gufungura muburyo bwiza. Abakora benshi ba linyoni-silinderi bakunda guhuza ibicuruzwa byabo, ariko cheque idakenewe ntabwo ibuza. Kubwibyo, niba umaze kubona ibinyomoro byikigo cya silinderi, fata kuri "fittings".
Ibyuma bigezweho byakozwe ukoresheje imbaraga nyinshi kandi zihangayika. Bamwe muribo, ariko, barashobora kurimburwa bayobowe nibicuruzwa byogusukura amasuku (ibi, bivuga ibintu bidasanzwe bifatika, bitwikiriwe nibicuruzwa byumirari). Kugaragaza mugihe ugura umutwe, hamwe nuburyo ari byiza kubisukura.
Nibyo, byumvikane, imitwe yumuryango igomba guhuza nigitekerezo cyo gusaza muri rusange.
Igihe cyasabwe nigihe kizwi cyane nubwato bwakozwe muburyo bwa Tech Tech (Virginie Model Virginie kuva Jado, Boda, umurongo wa furiya, umurongo wa fusitalli). Nyamara, ibicuruzwa bya "Classic" ibikoresho "Umuringa" (umuringa) mu isoko ry'imbere kandi bitangwa n'ibigo byose by'Ubutaliyani, Assa, ab'umugome n'abandi benshi. Rimwe na rimwe, uhura n'abahagarariye uburyo budasanzwe, nk'umutwe wa Bauhaus wo muri Bauhaus (Jado), izina rye rivugira.
Kubijyanye nibikoresho no kugaragara byintote za faleva, intoki-kavukire nimiryango, noneho hariho ubwoko budasanzwe. Kuri uru rubanza, chromed na nikel-pomese ibyuma, umuringa, alloys alloys irakoreshwa cyane. Abadage bahitamo ibicuruzwa bikabije biva kuri plastiki, aluminium ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma bitagira ingaruka. Plastike, ikumvikana, ihendutse kandi isuku, ariko ubuzima bwa serivisi ni buto. Igiciro cyikiganza nkicyo gishobora kuba gito cyane, hafi $ 0.5-1. Aluminum na steel bihenze cyane, ariko aluminium nibyiza kuko ibishushanyo bifite intege nke bigaragara hejuru yayo, ibyuma muri rusange iramba kandi ishaje. Abaheri muri Esipanye n'Abataliyani n'Abataliyani bakora imigezi ihenze hamwe n'inkomoko nyayo y'uruhu (Fedora, Vallivalli. Igiti, Ihuriro, Ibyuma, Ibyuma Bityo rero, sosiyete Spanish Mestre ikoresha azisaba products yayo Crystal, amoko bihenze inkwi, moar ikirahuri, maze Italian Manufacturers ya Mandelli na Colombo galvanic gutwicyira ya Nickel, chromium ndetse zahabu.
Ariko imiryango yintore ntabwo ari intsinzi gusa yibikoresho bihenze, mbere ya byose, imbuto zimirimo yabapayiniya bazwi. Kurugero, Masters nka Matteo Thun, Antonio GITTITO, Gustav Peichl yakoraga kumikoreshereze yumurimo wa sosiyete y'Ubutaliyani Vallivalli. Ntabwo bitangaje kuba ibicuruzwa nkibi bitandukanye nubwiza buhebuje, ergonomique no koroshya imikorere. Medicea yari umwe mu rutonde rw'amakaramu ya Vallivalli rwagaragaye kure mu 1934, ariko rukomeje kuba bakeneye kandi uyu munsi. Ubuzima bwa serivisi bwimikorere yumuryango kandi ni igikoma gikomeye-gishikamye gishinzwe gukemura ibibazo byibura imyaka 20, Vallivilli- kugeza kumyaka 30. Birumvikana ko ibi ntibishobora kugira ingaruka kubiciro. Icyitegererezo cya Presto (ABATSINYA) Ikiguzi kijyanye n'amadolari 100, ibikoresho bihenze bya Colombo- hafi $ 150, ikiguzi cy'ibikoriko kuva ku murongo wa Fusity (Vallivalli) kiza ku $ 800.
Niba usetsa kugirango utegure inzu yawe muburyo bwa kera, kubwibi bikwiranye nibicuruzwa byurugi, byakozwe cyangwa intoki, cyangwa mumashini yo guhimba hamwe (Umutwe wa societe yubutaliyani Ind.i.a). Umwanditsi nk'uwo akora atanga umuryango wihariye. Igiciro cyibicuruzwa bimwe, bitewe nuburemere, ni $ 30-70.
Muburyo bwakozwe muburyo bwa kera, birakenewe gushira ikimenyetso cyitwa byose-ibicucu, bishyirwa kumuryango winjira kandi ukorere icyarimwe hamwe nigitoki, nururebe. Iyi niyo nzego nini ikozwe mu cyuma cyangwa umuringa, ubuso bwabo bwakunze gufatwa no gusaza.
Icyitegererezo cyinshi cyintoki kizwi gusa kubishushanyo mbonera gusa, ariko no mubibanza bashushanya. Kurugero, icyitegererezo H5007 gikurikirane fusital (Vallivalli) yashyizwe kumurongo wimbere wa Berlin Reichstag. Gucira urubanza ku kiguzi cyacyo (hafi $ 300) n'umubare washyizweho, abadepite b'Abadage nabo bakunda gutura henshi kandi neza ...
Raporo hamwe na loop mumufuka
Imiryango yimbere ihabwa HINGES yubu bwoko bubiri: ibuza nuwo dufatanye. Iya mbere igizwe na silinderi yashyizwe mu kibabi cyurugi hamwe nagasanduku. Mu cya kabiri, igice cyometse ni "amakarita" cyangwa "amababa" - amasahani hamwe n'imyobo. Ihinduka nkiryo rigizwe namakarita abiri hamwe na screw foreque. Ikarita ihujwe ninkoni izengurutse (baotom). Niba bikozwe mu rupapuro, bakubye kabiri no kwihatire inkoni, loop yitwa rimu. Imirongo yibibabi bibyimbye aho canat gusa iteye amahanga, yitwa yunamye. Ibindi bintu byose bingana, Flex Hinges biroroshye mu gukora, umusaruro wabyo uhendutse, bityo rero bagabanijwe kugabura. Inkoni ishizweho mugice cyo hepfo ya kimwe cyamakarita.Kwinjira, na byo, bigabanyijemo kabiri (hinged), iburyo kandi ibumoso. Hariho kandi imirongo irwanya hack, yinjira, ifite ibikoresho birinda gukuraho umuryango (gutangiza bidasanzwe). Gukoresha iyi samurani nibyiza nibyiza kandi birumvikana, akarere kabo gakoreshwa.
Imirongo ya hinged ikoreshwa kenshi kurenza abandi. Impamvu yarwo ni ubworoherane bwibishushanyo byabo, byerekana ikiguzi. Urutonde rwibikoresho byihariye byumusaruro wu Burusiya kumuryango umwe bizatwara umuguzi kuri $ 1-5. Ibice byinshi byisi bigura bike ($ 1.5-7), ariko icyarimwe koresha ibyamamare bidahindutse mu baturage, ukaba ubibona, wikiza gukenera kumena umutwe, niba imyenge ibereye umuryango (bo ni kubwiburyo bwiza-bwiburyo no guhagarikwa ibumoso). Yoo, icyitegererezo rusange, kubera igishushanyo mbonera cyabo, urugi-rufite ibikoresho birashobora kuvaho, gusa imigozi ihindagurika. Byongeye kandi, iyi nzoga ifite ubuso bwinshi na cream.
Ariko, ndetse imirongo isanzwe irashobora guhamuka, niba ishizwe no kugoreka, kubera imizigo yinyongera ibaho muri Mechanism. Kugabanya imbaraga za Hinge, birasabwa gukinisha inshuro 1-2 mu mwaka. Haracyariho moderi yashizweho aho ingufu za axis zihuza umupira wuzuye cyangwa ufite kubyara. Inzozi nkiyi ziratandukanye muri softer yoroheje kandi mubyukuri ntabwo arigura.
Moderi yakoreshejwe mu miryango y'imbere y'ibikorwa byatumijwe mu mahanga - Umutaliyani, Icyesipanyoli, Igifikokomoko (kenshi kandi yica ubwabo byakorewe mu bihugu bimwe). Igice cya hinges ntabwo gifite ikarita ya placard, ariko insanganyamatsiko imwe cyangwa ibiri ifite urudodo. Ingaragu kuri kimwe cya kabiri cyazanywe kumuryango, ikindi, Orcord. Ibyiza by'icyitegererezo nkibyo birashimishije. Naho imbaraga zo kwishyiriraho inzugi, hanyuma kuriki gice hejuru yuko ibisimba byizewe. Ibishishwa bya screw mubisanzwe byashizwemo gusa kumuryango muto upima 20-50kg. Ibinyuranye, inzugi ziremereye (gupima ibirenze 60kg) zashyizwe ku murongo washyizwe hamwe nikarita yikarita 125-150mm, muburyo, 40-4mm. Birashoboka kwishyiriraho umuryango kugeza kuri 3 ndetse na 4. GOST14624 irasaba mubihe nkibi bibashyira kure ya 250mm kuva hejuru no hepfo yurubuga, umugozi wa gatatu wometse kuri 250mm uhereye hejuru. Ibibaya byose bigomba kuba hanze yubatswe mu butange butambitse (n'ijwi rirenga ibiti). Abakora bo mu mahanga batanga ibyifuzo byabo kuri Guhitamo no Gushiraho imizingo. Ibyifuzo, ibyifuzo nkibi byateguwe na Assa (Suwede), Fiskars (Finlande), Hoppe (Ubudage). Ibyifuzo bya Ozn bibeshya imiterere, bazi ibipimo byibabi ryumuryango na misa, biroroshye kubara umubare ukenewe.
ASSA itanga ibyifuzo byateye imbere aho "yagabanijwe" imbaga yumuryango ni umubare windangagaciro zumubare wumuryango no gukosora coefficient.
Umubare munini wibijumba ntibigira uruhare mubikorwa byiza byumuryango. Imyitozo yerekana ko na mirongo itatu kumurongo umwe ugororotse uherereye neza (ibihe nkibi, ubushyuhe nubushyuhe hamwe na canvas) ntibishoboka. Ingaruka zidafite ingaruka ziyi nzugi zishira. Ihame, itandukaniro rituruka ku kurimbuka kwuzuye cyangwa ku nsinga za canvas. Mugihe ushyiraho kumuryango umwe wiminsi itatu cyangwa ine, nibyiza gukoresha icyitegererezo hamwe nibishoboka byo guhindura ikarita ahantu (kurugero, NTR110C30cs kuva fiskars). Ibiranga kwishyiriraho inzugi z'umuryango no kugorwa kuri bo babwiwe muri No 10 y'ikinyamakuru cyo mu 2002.
Ku muryango w'imiryango (barahamagarirwa kandi gukumirwa), bakeneye imirongo idasanzwe amababa yinjira munsi yinyuma yumuryango. Imiryango ifite ibirori irashobora kuba ifite imirongo yombi.
Urugo rugomba kuvumburwa mubyerekezo byombi (swingi) bimanitse ku murongo wimpeshyi ugizwe namakarita atatu hamwe nimpeshyi ebyiri zitwara impeta. Iyo ufunguye icyerekezo kimwe umuryango uzenguruka hinge, iyo ufunguye kurundi ruhande, hafi ya hinge. Amasoko arakenewe kugirango agarure urubuga muri leta ifunze.
Nigute ushobora gutandukanya uruhande rwuruhande rwiburyo kandi rwibumoso? Guhagarika ibitekerezo no kureba ikarita yo hasi aho inkoni igumye. Birakenewe kureba mu mwobo ugabanijwe munsi yimigozi. Niba inkoni iri kumpera yiburyo, noneho loop iburyo, hamwe na lava.
N'ibindi bito byiza
Ahantu ho kwishyiriraho uburyo bwo gufunga mumuryango burafunzwe hamwe nicyayi-cyuzuye. PAD irashobora gukomera, ni ukuvuga ibisanzwe kuntoki na Mechanism yo gufunga (ihamagarirwa kandi palet) no gutandukana kuri buri fatizo (sock). Sock kuri aykile hamwe nurufunguzo narwo rwitwa urufunguzo, kandi ubwoko bumwe bwibice byose (umugozi, ikiganza, umurongo wurugi) ni umugozi wumuryango.
Imirongo ikomeye irangwa no gutera imbere no gutanga ihungabana ryinshi ryimitwe. Mubisanzwe barangije imiryango. Ibibi byigishushanyo ni uguhuza neza nubunini bwibice byose byumutwe kuri mugenzi wawe. N'ubundi kandi, buri wese abakora bahitamo gukora imikoreshereze hamwe no kumvikana ku mahame yabo. Byakozwe kugurisha igihome gusa, ariko byose byuzuye. Veerop ibaho, ariko, urwego rwubunini bwumwobo munsi ya Land: uburebure ni 35mm, ubugari bwigice cyo hepfo ni mm 6. Avot ikindi rwego rwingenzi hagati yimbere yintoki na axis yo gufunga neza byashyizweho nabakora uko bishakiye. Akenshi harimo umurongo, ufite 70-80mm, ariko ntabwo ari itegeko rusange. Kubwibyo, kugirango wirinde ibidahuje ufunga, mugihe kugura umurongo menya neza ko biza gufunga buriho. Gukomeza ibibazo nkibi mubisanzwe ntibibaho, bitora byoroshye. Kubwibyo, muburayi, ubwiganze buruse bwurugo rwimbere bafite ibikoresho nkibi.
Kuri kimwe cya kabiri hamwe nigice cya bisi, ukeneye ibikoresho byinshi kugirango ukosore kimwe muri sash (mubisanzwe bitari byiza) mumwanya uhamye. Ibikoresho nkibi byitwa imfuruka zimpinduka cyangwa kuzunguruka. Inguzanyo ihagije ikoreshwa, ikubita inkoni ikosora umuryango. Nkigisubizo, inkoni igenda muri liswi yashyizwe mu gasanduku. Hano hari amatara yo hasi afite uburebure ntarengwa (mubisanzwe 225mm), hejuru, uburebure bwacyo (mubisanzwe mm 370) igena ukuguru kwa spivelet kuva 1800-1900mm. Ibi birakenewe kugirango ukoroshye gufungura umuryango. Gukoresha amanota yo hejuru birashobora kwerekana ibibazo bimwe na bimwe kubantu batari bafite umutima. Ariko ariko imyidagaduro yinjijwe mugice gitandukanye ntizitirirwa kudatsinda umukungugu, nkuko rimwe na rimwe bibaho hamwe ninkoni zo hepfo. Igiciro cya studing cyumusaruro wo murugo ni $ 0.5 kugeza $ 1.5.
Vuba aha, usibye ibyuma gakondo, kwinjira nimiryango yimbere, byose bihindura ibikoresho bitandukanye bya elegitoronike, bigenewe umutekano wabatuye inzu. Iyi gice cyisoko kigutezimbere cyane cyane, hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rihebuje riherutse gukoresha mu nganda, buhoro buhoro kwinjira mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Onovinki muri iyi "huriro ryikoranabuhanga rihanitse" tuzabwira muri nimero imwe ikurikira.
Kubara imbaga yumuryango, uzirikana ubugororangingo (ukurikije Assa)
| Ikintu | Ivugurura,% |
|---|---|
| Inzugi zifite ibikoresho byegeranye | +20 |
| Inzugi zifite ibikoresho byegeranye, tanga amahirwe yo gukosora umwenda mumwanya ufunguye | +100 |
| Imiryango irashobora kwibasirwa numuyaga mwinshi | +10 |
| Imiryango irashobora kugengwa nimbaraga zumubiri. | +10 |
| Inshuro nkeya (imiryango yinyubako zo guturamo) | -10 |
Abanditsi bashimira isosiyete "sesam", Urugi, Vallivalli, "Ikirusiya Kubabarira", Lokmaster Gufasha mugutegura ibintu.
