Ubuyapani Hagati imbere bugira ingaruka ku ijwi rigezweho. Ni iki gituma ubu buryo bukoreshwa cyane?
Gukomatanya Rattan n'umugaga bituzanira kamere no kuzimya inyota yo "kweza ibidukikije." Imiryango yiziritse yakozwe mu rukubitiramo - ubundi bwoko bwo kuzinga ibice. Bahuza ihame rya Shirma, ariko bitandukanye ni static, kimwe no kugabana
Umwambare hamwe na Inlay yerekana imwe mumiterere gakondo yubuhanzi bwabayapani
Ihuriro rya ecran na amanika hamwe numutabo kagufi mu kiyapani kubyara amashusho ya shirm. Ariko, imyambarire ku buryo bw'Ubuyapani bwatumye amashusho mashya, rimwe na rimwe Avant-Garde
Ifishi ya geometrism yumurongo numurongo itangiza icyemezo cyumupapani imbere-
Inyigisho, yuzuye muri iki gihe, kubika indangagaciro z'umuyapani gakondo na plastike. Imbere yimbere yashoboye guhuza umwanya umwe warangiye, ingano nubuso bwuburyo
Ingaruka z'umugenzo w'Abayapani zumvaga mu ndege nini zituje zo mu gituza
Amashusho yimbere yikiyapani agaragara mumurongo usobanutse neza. Gutunganya neza, iyi maturo ahumanya imvugo ngereranyo niburengerazuba. Kimono Ku rukuta Ibikorwa Birambuye
Ishusho ya stylijed yimbere iri munsi yUyapani yateye imbere kubera imbonerahamwe nyinshi, ibikoresho, hasi
Iyi ni 100% mucyumba cy'Uburayi Hariho agace k'Ubuyapani kunyerera, bikozwe mu rupfu hamwe n'ibintu byarambuye birabageraho. Kuri kimwe cya kabiri
"Icyifuzo cyo guhitamo kuri byose ibintu hamweHariho akazi ko kutamenya. Nibyiza cyane niba batatanye.
Ibi bitera imyumvire yubuzima.
Ndetse no kubaka ingoro ya sima
Ahantu hamwe byasigaye byumwihariko ... "
Kenko-Hoshi. "Inoti ziva mu ndambi"
Uyu munsi bizaba ku muco wo mu Buyapani. Umuco, uhuza imigenzo y'ibinyejana byinshi hamwe nikoranabuhanga riteye imbere. Ndetse no kumenya byihuse hamwe nabayapani bagatije imbere batangaze amajwi ya none. Amazu yigenga n'ambere yakozwe mu binyejana bya xv-XVI, rimwe na rimwe rimwe na rimwe biva ku mpapuro z'amakuru y'imbere.
Niki gituma Ikiyapani cyo hagati cyimbere kiba ari ngombwa muri iki gihe? Ibihugu byakuyeho Umucyo Kera kandi mushya, muri rusange, ni abaragwa b'imico ya kera, biragoye gutangaza ubwinshi bw'amashyirahamwe y'ubwubatsi. Irinde kubura ibirenze umutima, kunonosora bidasanzwe, birashoboka. Ingingo ishobora kuba cy'Ubuyapani, kubera kwigunga ku kirwa cyacyo, ihuza ishami ryihariye ry'iterambere ryabantu. Ntabwo ari imvugo gusa, ahubwo ni amajwi meza, ijwi, ibara ryicyunamo ryabayapani batandukanye cyane nuburayi. Kimwe gishobora kuba cyitirirwa neza ubwubatsi-inyigisho yinzu yinzu yikiyapani, ntabwo rwose "ntabwo".
Imiterere ya Biography
Kubanyaburayi babayeho mbere hagati ya Xviiiv. Nuburyo buhagije, Ubuyapani nkisoko yamashusho yimbere yavutse vuba aha. Izina "Imiterere y'Ubuyapani", birumvikana, mbere. Ku iherezo rya xv intangiriro ya xviv. Uwa mbere mu Buyapani kandi, ikintu cy'ingenzi cyagarutse mu masomo ya mu rugo (Ato yari abamisiyonari bo mu Porutugali) yakuwe mu gihugu kitazwi, reka tuvuge tuti: "Ubuntu". Ibi akenshi byari bifite silk kimono, umufana, intwaro, nepec statuettes, isabushi na shirms. Ntabwo ari ukuri, urutonde ntiruhindutse cyane mumyaka 500 ishize? Birumvikana ko ntagukangura imico bishobora kuba imvugo. Ikiyapani, ni cyo, no ku bijyanye n'abanyamahanga bitwaye neza kuruta kwitonda, kandi ntiyifuzaga kungurana ibitekerezo, intumwa n'abacuruzi boherejwe. Iyangiriza rero muri uru rubanza ni iyacu.Gutaha kuzamuka mu nyungu mu gihugu cyizuba rirashe (japan birakwiriye koherezwa mu buryo bwoherejwe mu buryo bwa XIX-kare, igihe cyo gutekereza ku ndangagaciro no gushakisha amasoko mashya yo guhumekwa. Impamvu z'Ubuyapani zirashobora gusura neza, ziboneka mu mashusho ya Modigliani, Van Gogh, Picasso. Birashoboka, muri iki gihe, ibintu byo mu Buyapani byinjira ku nshuro ya mbere ubuzima bw'uburayi, akenshi muburyo bwamashusho kuri shirms. Abayapani bashushanya abandi batsinze neza gutsinda neza, ibitabo byabayapani byahinduwe. Mbere yo kuvuga no kwigana mu buryo butaziguye, birumvikana ko byari bikiri kure. Ariko, ba se bashinze ubwubatsi bugezweho no gushushanya F.L. Ryt, Lekorbysier na Mankito bari bamenyereye amahame yingenzi yumuryango w'Ikibapani ndetse no gukoresha cyane. Tuzakora kuri buturwe icyarimwe kuburyo dushishikajwe namateka yiterambere ryimiterere yuburyo bwabayapani n'umunyaburayi.
Biratangaje kuba bimaze gutangira XVIII., Mugihe cye cyubwubatsi bwubuyapani, amahame yingenzi yo kubaka no gutegura inzu yateye imbere. Gutera imbere ku bukungu bw'igihugu byatumye bishoboka kubaka ingoro zikomeye, inzu ya Samurai ndetse n'abamotari bo mu madini menshi. Hanyuma, imbaraga zubwami zabanjirije amaherezo zagiye impaka mubwubatsi: B1606. Ububiko bwa Hiedezi bubatswe, kandi mu kigo cya 1626 - icyamamare cya Nida i Kyoto. Birumvikana ko ubwubatsi bwabayapani bwamenye igihe no kuvugurura imyaka myinshi, na mirongo. Ariko, twumva inama z'umusizi ukomeye wa japan Matsuo ya Buyapani Matsuo Abapapani: "Ntukure mu nzira y'abakera, ariko shakisha icyo bashaka."
Umwanya nka disipuline
Umwanya uhuza, mwiza kandi uhora uhari wari kimwe mu bigize agize ushakisha ibya kera. " Gutandukanya gucika intege kw'abayapani imbere mu Burayi, filozofiya idasanzwe nicyo kibazo gikomeye, guhinduka. Imbere mu mazu y'Abayapani ashoboye guhinduka byoroshye kandi byihuse. Ishingiro ryibitekerezo by'ibintu by'iteka n'ibinyabiziga (Fueki Ryuku) mu ihuriro ry'indangagaciro zidasanzwe zifite imyumvire y'akanya gato. Gwiniere iragaragaza iki gitekerezo ihinduka imiterere yikadiri ihamye yinyubako nigice cya Sliving, kituma habaho guhita guhindura amazu yemewe kumihango yimbere. Ariko impinduka ntabwo ari iherezo ryonyine. Ubwiza bwibisubizo byipaji yubatswe mu kinyejana cyamamare ni muburyo bwabo bukomeye. Umubumbe wo mu kirere wateguwe n'ikadiri ikomeye y'ibiti biratekerejweho neza kandi bigarurwa hakurikijwe ibigize inyubako rusange.
Birashimishije kundi tandukaniro rikomeye hagati yinzu yikiyapani ukomoka mu Burayi - kubura ikigo cyavuzwe mu gihugu. Niki cyemerera kubareba kwiyumvisha, nkuko ayitekerezaho hagati yisi yose, kuba ahantu nyaburanga. Iyi mikorere yo kubaka umwanya wo guturamo irashimirwa nububatsi bugezweho kandi ubishaka ubishaka.
Hariho kandi tekinike yubwubatsi, ifite akamaro gakomeye muri iki gihe. Ibikoresho nyamukuru nibikoresho gakondo byaho byahoragaho igiti, aho byari vuba vuba, nta musumo kamwe, igishushanyo mbonera. Ubwuzuzanye ntabwo bwari ku rukuta, ahubwo ni ku nkombe. Gahunda yoroheje kandi yumvikana ya tectonic yometse kumiterere yo kurwanya amacakubiri. Ibikoresho byongerwa, bidasanzwe byubaka Abanyaburayi bigizwe nimpapuro. Menya ko amazu ava mu biti n'impapuro byoroshye byoroshye kandi araramba kandi agumana urubura rwinshi no kwiyuhagira. Ubwubatsi nk'ubwo bufungura amahirwe yo kubipimo, kugirango ukore ibice byo guteranya inzu ishingiye kuri module imwe. Igitekerezo cyo kubaka inyubako kiva mu giti n'impapuro nticyabonye ibyifuzo mu Burayi, cyane cyane mu Burusiya, ariko byagaragaye ko byoroshye cyane mu mwanya w'imbere w'inzu y'imbere.
Kuva kera, inkuta z'inzu y'Ubuyapani ni amabara yuzuye. Yibasiwe munsi yicyapa, idirishya rito, nkitegeko rirebwa mumajyaruguru yuburasirazuba. Imitsindiro ebyiri ziganje, kuko inkuta zo hanze zitwikiriwe nimpapuro (SEDZI) zisimbuka urumuri ruva mumuhanda. Kugenzura umukinnyi winkazi keza cyane ku munsi birangaza, birinda gusobanukirwa no gusuzuma igikundiro cyose cyibihe. Mu gihe kirenga, inkuta zo hanze zafunzwe n'ibiti bikabije bikabije- Amado. Byongeye kandi, igiti haba imbere no hanze cyakomeje kutabogatijwe: igituba, ibice, fibrous fagitire yashyizeho ingaruka zidasanzwe. Maties za Tatami yazamutse kandi nyamukuru, kandi guturamo, nubukungu. Kugira ubunini bwa 1.80.9m, babaye module imbere. Umwanya w'Inzu y'Ubuyapani ubaho ukurikije amategeko ya kamere, ukomeza gutunganya ahantu hazengurutse kandi rimwe na rimwe bihuriza hamwe. Kubwibyo, kenshi cyane kurukuta ni inzitizi Ibiti, inyoni, isumo duto, zemerera gusobanura inzu nkigice gito cya kamere. Urukuta rwo hanze rurimo guhinduka, uruganda rusanzwe rwinshi, ibiti kandi byanze bikunze, fuji ihoraho ihinduka igice cyicyumba. Niba utekereza ku nkomoko yinkuta zuburahure ninzugi zigezweho zo kunyerera muburyo bwose, noneho itumanaho ryabo hamwe na fusum yabayapani biragaragara. Fusum nigice cyimbere cyimbere, nikihe cyimbaho, cyongereye impande zombi nimpapuro nyinshi. Ibice nkibi byoherejwe mubukwe bwihariye buringaniye hasi no mu biti biseke. Igitekerezo cyo kunyerera inkuta cyatangiriye mu kuzigama kw'umwanya kandi byari bifitanye isano cyane mu bihe bya hafi by'Aburanyi za none.
Undi nkukuri kuri twe ikintu cyimbere cy'Ubuyapani ni ecran ishobora guhindura kandi igira ingaruka ku mwanya wonyine. Gusiga amavuta shirma ni mobile nyinshi kuruta kugabana. Twilight yoroshye, iganje munzu, ihujwe nibyiza no gushushanya fusum na shirm. Gukata bibaha flick nkeya, byerekana itara karemano. Ibara ryangiza amazu ya kiyapani ryakozwe mugihe cyo kubara amatara nta gicucu nizuba ryizuba, bishoboka kubera inkuta zisobanutse hamwe nigisenge cya kure.
Shirma igizwe na sash (hashobora kubaho bibiri, bitatu cyangwa byinshi). Buri sasita ni imigano cyangwa ikadiri yimbaho, yongereye impande zombi na silk, impapuro cyangwa couple. Sashhes itunganijwe kumurongo kuri mugenzi wawe. Ibihangange byagize imbanzi mbere ya 12 kandi uburyo bwagutse bwageze kuri 8m. Bashushanyije mascara yabo, gushushanya Motifs, umuhamagaro, incamadi, inyandiko zisigara inyuma yicyitegererezo hamwe ninyoni n'indabyo. Aya mazu yo mu mazu yari ubwoko bwo gushushanya n'ibishushanyo. Shirma igipimo gihora gifitanye isano nibipimo byinzu, hamwe nibishushanyo byayo byo gushushanya muburyo bumwe bworoshye bugira akazi cyane. Muri rusange, ecran ni byinshi mubyinshi - ifite inkomoko yubushinwa, ariko nyuma yinjira mubuyapani imbere. Niba fusum yanyerera mugusobanuka mubyumva ni urukuta rusabwa cyane, noneho ecran irarenze urukuta. Uruhare rwabo mugutandukana imbere ni hafi. Umwanya ukomeza kuba umwe, kandi shirma utandukanya by'agateganyo kimwe cyangwa ikindi gice cy'ibikenewe (mu biruhuko, kwakirwa, gukora, gusinzira).
Nkuko byavuzwe, bitandukanye numunyaburayi, imbere yikiyapani yaremye nkuko bidahungabana. Ni ukuvuga, ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze, ibintu bimwe bigaragara mucyumba, mugihe abandi bahanaguwe. Abayapani aesthetics bavuga bati: "Byose ntibisanzwe." Biragaragara ko Abayapani bambuwe ubutaka bamenyereye ibintu byibuze. Vase imwe gusa, cyangwa shirma imwe, cyangwa umuzingo hamwe na retaighique yanditseho hieroglyph wenyine. Niba ameza yatangijwe mucyumba, ikindi kintu cyakuweho. Wibuke ko ibirwa byabayapani byahoraga byoroshye kwitaba ibisanzwe: Umutingito, tsunami, inkubi y'umuyaga. None se kuki ubona ibintu byinshi?
Yubatswe mubintu bihamye
Noneho, abayapani bari bafite ibyago, bitandukanye ni Umunyaburayi, yambuwe umubare munini wibintu byinshi. Uruhare rw'ibikoresho rwakozwe niches n'amagorofa urwego. Muri ubu buryo bworoshye kandi busa, igishushanyo cya laconique cyangwa cyubatswe-mubintu (urugero, niche) bigaragara muburyo bugaragara. Ibipimo by'ibintu ni bito. Icyumba cyose kibonwa na horizon yasukuye iherereye muri 70cm kuva hasi. Ibi bigabanya uburebure bwinzu.Dufite ubushobozi bwabayapani nubundi buvumbuzi, byashyizwe mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi tutatekereza ku nkomoko yayo. Turimo kuvuga amagorofa ashyushye. Nyuma yo gutura guturamo nidz Castle Abashakashatsi bavumbuye chimney itangaje yashyizwe hasi.
Mu muryango w'Abayapani, dufite imikoranire muri iki gihe, igitekerezo cya Zoning cyari kimaze kumva kandi kigaragazwa n'inzego zose - zituruka ku gahanga. Ariko icy'ingenzi kubayapani n'uyu munsi koroning ni imibereho. Iki gitekerezo kirimo urwego rusobanutse rwibanze munzu kuri buri wese mu bagize umuryango, hari ahantu hiyubashye, haba icyubahiro, kuba nyirubwite, kubakozi. Ahantu h'icyubahiro cyane biherereye iruhande rw'ubwubatswe mu gihe cya Bycheloconoma, Tsuke-Icyaha na Tigaydan. Iki nigice cya kure cyumwanya ufite urwego rwo hejuru.
Niche Laconm ye ashimangira ubwiza bwindege, igisenge cyangwa hasi. Arashobora gutanga ishusho itandukanye. Icyapa cy'Ubuyapani gishobora gukorwa muburyo bwa horizontal yoroshye cyangwa ihagaritse. Akenshi hariho ibigize bidasanzwe bya vertical kandi itambitse.
Mubigize inzu gakondo yinzu yikiyapani hari ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwiche. Mu bintu nyamukuru byashyizwemo ibintu byihariye hamwe nidirishya hamwe nidirishya sill ryakoraga kugirango dusome no kwandika (Tsuke-syn). Andika Niches (tocom) yashyize am'abanywa itabi, vase hamwe nindabyo cyangwa imizingo yo gushushanya na chadigraphy. Inkomoko no kubaho kwibintu byimbere bisubira mwishusho y'urutambiro mu rusengero rw'Ababuda. Ikintu cya gatatu cyubatswe-mubintu byari biherereye ahantu hizewe kubitabo (TigayDan). Ibi bintu bitatu biracyaboneka mumwanya wose wo guturamo kandi uhabwamo, mubindi bintu, bisobanura ikigereranyo. Noneho, kugeza na nubu, niche kubuzigarwa cyangwa abanywa itabi bagumana akamaro kayo kwera, zera.
Amahugurwa. Reka dukine umwanya
Uyu munsi, twibagiwe ibara, urumuri na decor, bizakemura umwanya. Igikorwa nticyoroshye, kuko umwanya ntubaho ubwawo.
Gutangira, reka tugerageze gukora ibyo abahanzi bateganya kwitwa sliurry. Ubwato nimiterere nini yicyumba gikozwe mu mpapuro cyangwa ifuro. Bigomba kuba byera, gusa rero bizashoboka kumva ko atari ubucucike bwibikoresho, ntabwo ari imiterere yinkuta cyangwa hasi, ahubwo ni ingano yumwuka, cyangwa ibyitwa umwanya. Kubera ko umwanya udafatika utabaho, fata imyitozo yacu iduha imbaraga kandi igakora ibipimo bijyanye. Nyuma yo gukora gahunda kurwego, twimura iyi gahunda ku ikarita kugirango metero imwe ihuye na cm 3-5. Hafi ya perimetero yujuje urukuta rwimpapuro. Noneho kura imwe mu rukuta kandi ... witondere, umukino watangiye! Yahinduye inzu yigipupe, imbere tumenye aho ibice bishya byubatswe, arisha, kwiyongera no kugabanuka kurwego. Turakora kandi ibi bintu bivuye ku mpapuro kandi, bimukira mu miterere, turimo gushaka umwanya mwiza kuri bo haba mu miterere ndetse no kwigira umuntu nyawo. Turagerageza gukora ubwoko butandukanye bwumwanya: ingendo, bikomeye, ubucuruzi. Inshingano zacu nukubona umwanya wawe uko umeze, ubuzima bwawe, umwanya wakazi nu mwanya wo kwidagadura.
Ariko icyarimwe, ikintu nyamukuru nugukomeza umwanya munini winzu. Kuyigabanyamo muri zone bizaba bisekeje mobile hamwe ninzego za hasi. Aya mahame ya Zoning aramenyerewe bihagije nubwubatsi bwacu. Urwego rwo hasi rurashobora gukoreshwa mugutandukanya akarere kamwe kava mukarere gatuyemo, agace k'igikoni kiva mucyumba cyacu cyangwa icyumba cyo kuraramo. Ubukungu bwinshi buturutse kubikorwa byimbaraga nibikoresho - bikoreshwa mumateka ya Zoning. Bari beza kandi mu cyumba cyo kuraramo, no mucyumba. Urabihindura gusa, uvugurura buri gihe imbere. Ubukonje, bwororoka ishusho yo gutura mu Buyapani, bigomba gushimangirwa nuburyo bwimpapuro ninkwi. Ibintu byose biti ibiti bisiga. Ibidasanzwe bikorwa kuri Shirma. Irashobora kuba ubudodo, impapuro, wicker, rimwe na rimwe yajugunywaga n'ibiti byashushanyijeho.
Igitabo-Igitabo Igitabo
Tsuke-Icyaha - Mu kiyapani imbere ya ariche hamwe nidirishya hamwe nidirishya sill, rifite uruhare rwo gusoma no kwandika.
Toko cyangwa Tocoma - Niche, aho indabyo, abanywa itabi, imizingo yashyizwe.
Tigaydana - Niche y'ibitabo.
Tatami - Amashusho akozwe muri ibyatsi bya Igussa no kugira umwanya wumuceri. Kuva muri Tatami nyinshi, uburiri bugizwe na matelas ya pamba futon yashyizwe hejuru. Rero, Futton ni rimwe muri mateladio ya kera ya mateladique.
Nanza - Intambwe.
Urwobo - Kuzinga sofa hamwe na Futon.
Fusuma - Kunyerera kw'imbere. Ikozwe mu bwisange, akenshi impapuro cyangwa ikarito kumurongo. Bitwikiriye gushushanya.
BBU - Shirma.
Yezie - Urukuta rwo hanze rwinzu rukozwe mu mpapuro zijimye nta gushushanya cyangwa imiterere.
San Sury ("Imisozi y'amazi") - Ubwoko bukabije bw'imiterere. Akenshi imvugo ikoreshwa gusa kugirango yerekane ahantu nyaburanga.