Amateka yicyanda kandi imitako yimiterere yose ni rococo. Ibisobanuro byimiterere iranga inzu yimbere.
Ikigo cy'imbere cy'imbere gikomeje kuba gifite isukari make, cyarimbishijwe ihumure ryiza. Hejuru yumuriro, umuyobozi wa decorator ashyira indorerwamo. Indege ya Wall yabonye kwerekana igishusho cyiza
Imbere, ibigize ibikoresho byandujwe bikwirakwira, Urukuta rwa Decorator rwashyize hamwe na karumele no mu gituza muburyo bwa chippel, bwubahwa nababongereza nibindi
Ibikoresho bya Rococo bishimangirwa neza kandi byiza. Birakwiye ko twitondera uburyo umwanya ugezweho muri iyi salle winjije mubyukuri bya rocker ibintu. Guhuza amajwi yoroheje no gucuranga hamwe nuburyo bugezweho bubiri busa neza
Imiterere ya rococo ntabwo ari urondo, caprician, itagereranywa itagereranywa, ihagije yo kunaniza, ariko ntabwo ari byinshi byo kunanirwa. Igishushanyo cya Decorator ya Washbasin yagurijwe mu gituza cyimyambarire
Ibuka film hamwe nizina ryiza "Bwana Testurtor"? Abanditsi bayo bahitamo ibihe bigezweho, ariko ishusho nuburyo bwakazi "bwimiterere nyamukuru, bitwa kimwe mugihe cyose. Nukuvuga ko ari Bwana Planner (cyangwa Bwana Decorator) arashobora guhumeka ubuzima imbere.
Umuntu wemeye gushakisha mu nkoranyamagambo yo gusobanura ijambo "kwishushanya" bizatungura byinshi mu bisobanuro bye. Tuzatura gusa kuri bibiri gusa- Gushushanya no gushushanya. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko biri mu bihe bya Rococo bihabwa umwuga w'urukiko-dichitor. Ku nshuro ya mbere mu murima w'imbere, "inyenyeri" zabo zigaragara, buri kimwe (buri kimwe) cyamamaye mu murima wabo, buri umweho uzwi mu murima wabo, uzwi cyane mu murima wabo, uzwi cyane mu murima wabo, uzwi cyane mu murima wabo, uzwi cyane mu murima wabo, uzwi cyane mu murima wabo, uri mu buhanga bw'ibishushanyo, bari mu buhanga bwo gushushanya kandi Guhitamo imyenda, bari mu gishushanyo cyibikoresho.
Mumyitozo yububiko, igisubizo cyimbere cyimbere kizabana neza hamwe nuburyo bwubaka bugamije ikibazo. Umutako ushyira imirimo ya plastike nibara, ukunda ubwubatsi bwisomo hamwe numwanya wabyo byoroshye. Ibinure nibintu ni ngombwa kuruta igishushanyo mbonera. Kuvuga kubuhanzi bwo mu rwego rwimbere, nibyiza gukoresha ijambo "diccorator", ntabwo ari "uwashushanyije", kubera ko ari umwuga wa Diccorator afata ibyaremwe byimitwe yose.
Imiterere "idahwitse"
Mu mateka yiterambere ryimbere, imiterere nicyerekezo bizwi aho gushushanya no kubungabya yiganjemo abiganje, kandi igishushanyo cyumwanya na tectonics bajya mu gicucu. Uburyo bwo gushushanya kandi butagira imitako, birumvikana, biracyari Rococo. Ni kuri we, guhera mugihe yavukiyeho mugitangiriro cya xviiiv, abubatsi, abahanzi nabatesiyi bahora bahindukirira igitekerezo cyose cyubwenge cyangwa cyiza. Imbere ibanje kumvikana nkimyidagaduro, urwenya, kwigaragaza kwigaragaza "Bwana Play". Kubwibyo, Rococo yakunze kuvugwa na ba shebuja ba none. Ubu buryo bwari buremye isi yose ya drapes zitandukanye, imitako yindabyo, ibyapa byerekana amashusho no gushiramo kurukuta nibikoresho.Igihe cyashize hamwe nuburyo bushimishije, butera imbere buteza imbere hamwe namabara yamarangamutima yubutaka yasimbuwe nigiciro cyo kunonosora. Ibyiza bya rococo byigaragaza mu rutonde rw'ibikoresho, no ku mabara yose, kandi cyane cyane mu kumenya imitako nk'ibihe byigenga kandi byigenga mu gishushanyo cy'ibibanza.
Imisusire ingahe?
Mu bucuruzi bwo mu nzu kuva mu ntangiriro ya Xviii kugeza ku ya 1730, ibyo bita uburyo bwo kuyobora ni iterambere. Inyuma no Kumurongo wibintu bikizwa igice nibiranga Baroque y'Abafaransa, nubwo imiterere yoroha cyane. Ibihuha, ariko gushyira mu gacembwa, indabyo, induru n'imico yubusa, byongera impression yimbere muri rusange, yiganjemo igisubizo gisanzwe. Imfashanyigisho yashizweho yagize ingaruka ku gukunda inshinge, umurongo, ihuti, zirangira. Abapfumu bose bazwi cyane Ibikoresho - Roentgen, N. Pino, J.-A. Rinter, sh. Cressan, yihaye icyubahiro umuringa wijimye, farcelain, imitako nyabyo. Ibikoresho by'imiterere byerekana urukiramende rwegereje, uruhare nyamukuru rukinishwa n'umucyo, rubanda runini rwa silhouettes n'imirongo.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura mu bikoresho bigaragazwa rwose mubikorwa bya Charles Cressean (1686-1768). Amahugurwa y'ibikoresho ya cresiza yari azwiho kuba yarakoze abamamaza hamwe n'imiterere itandukanye y'umuringa. Abakozi b'agateganyo b'Abafaransa bafite ubutunganyirize budasanzwe bavuwe n'ibiti by'agaciro bakoresheje amabuye nk'amaranth, igiti cy'umutuku n'iolot. Ibikoresho bya cresisa byatwikiriwe cyane n'ibiti by'ibimera, amababi, amabara. Iyi mitako yatwikiriye imiyoboro yisanduku yikurura, amaguru hamwe numwirondoro. Ibishushanyo by'imiti y'umuringa byakozwe haba ibikoresho byo mu nzu, cyangwa abasebyi mu ngo.
Mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya xviiiv, imiterere ya rococo yamaze gushyirwaho ahanini. Kugaragara no kwiteza imbere bifitanye isano nizina rya ZH.O. Maissonia- Jewelera, Umunyabugeni n'ubwubatsi, umuyobozi w'imitako myinshi. Imyaka ya zahabu ya zahabu ihura ninama yinama ya LouISV (1723-1774), no mumigenzo, ubu buryo bwitwa uburyo bwa Louisxv.
Gutwara ibibandiro muburyo bwa shell na carridges, gahunda yo guhuza imitako iherekejwe nibihimbano bya rococo byindabyo nindabyo. Aransine xviiivek (hafi 1750) muri trans hariho irangaza iranga intego z'umutako zamatako, zitanga izina muburyo bwose. Mu Bufaransa, ubu buryo bwitwa "Rokail" (SP. Kurangiza imirabyo hamwe n'ibice by'amabuye na sinks). Muri potsdam, kurfürste saxony Friedrich yubaka ingoro nziza ya San Sust, aho Rococo Friquent kandi yishimye ".
Ibintu byose muri Rococo byari bito, byiza, byiza. Buhoro buhoro, ishyaka ryibintu byumuringa nibituba bikaranze kandi bisimburwa no kwizirika kumurongo woroheje, gushushanya ubushyuhe, gushushanya urumuri na lacise. Ikimenyetso cy'uburyo buhebuje mu gihome cyo mu nzu cyarimo muri EVRA Porcelain, miniatures, gushushanya ku kirahure, ibisobanuro birambuye. Ibi byose, byafashwe hamwe, byabonye izina "uburyo bwa louisivi".
Muri iki gihe, Ubusambanyi bwa Louis XVI busanzwe bwo kubyara ibigo byabataliyani Colciago na Silik murukurikirane rw'ibyumba byo muzima, ibishushanyo n'umutwe uryamye. Biragaragara, kora imbere mu mwuka umwe muri Louisovikov, byanze bikunze byanze bikunze bitera imiterere yumukino na postmodern amagambo yatanzwe. Imbere ya postmodernism ifitanye isano nimbere ya Rococo hamwe numwuka wo gukinisha bitekereje. Imiterere ya rococo ntabwo ari urondo, capricane, itagabanuka idakora - cyane cyane mardini, ariko ntabwo igana ku buryo nkubwo kunanirwa.
Kurangiza imiterere yo mu Bufaransa bifitanye isano n'izina rya ba shebuja bo mu nzu ya Aburahamu na David X-Imirasire yatanzwe ibikoresho byo mu bihugu byose by'Uburayi. Umwihariko wa David Xentgen wakoreye ibikoresho bifite uburyo bwibanga hamwe na Marquetry. Ingero nziza cyane zikozwe mubiti byoroheje hamwe ninjiza ya bronze byitwa "x-ray style".
Mu Bwongereza, Thomas Chipper (1718-1779) yakoze byinshi mu iterambere ryuburyo. Izina rye ryari rikunzwe cyane nyuma yo kurekura "Umuyobozi" ("nyakubahwa na Retandaker n'umuyobozi w'Abatumire w'abaminisitiri"), warimo imishinga y'ibikoresho 160. Chippendale yabonye icyamamare kandi nkuwamenyereza uyobora amahugurwa kugirango ukore ibikoresho byongerera ibikoresho. Isosiyete ntabwo yasezeranye gusa no gukora ibintu bya buri muntu gusa, ariko kandi nicyemezo cyimbere muri rusange. Kurugero, muri kimwe mu bibanza, amahugurwa ya chippendole, ibintu byose, kugeza kumuryango, byakorewe kumushinga kandi uyobowe numuyobozi wikigo. Chippendule ubwe yakurikije imikorere y'akazi kandi yita ku bitangwa ry'imicura idahwitse - indorerwamo, amasaha, tapeti, tapeti, amadagiti yabayeho igice kirenga igice. Ibitekerezo byumwimerere byanze nyirubwite byuzuza imbaraga zigifaransa nigishinwa kandi icyarimwe hamwe na gothique yicyongereza.
Imiterere ya Chipdale yatandukanijwe na Rococo y'Abafaransa n'ibikoresho bijyanye nayo. Noneho turashobora kuvuga ko nkuko decorator ya chippentale yari ifite postmodern icyerekezo cy'imbere, ubutwari ihuza ibintu byashyizwe mubikorwa byakozwe na rockey nibintu bya gothique. Ibikoresho byose bya Maestro byahisemo Mahagony (igiti gitukura). Bwa mbere mu Bwongereza, igiti gitukura cyatangijwe mu gikoresho cyo mu nzu mu 1720. Isura ye ifitanye isano no guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwabakoloni. Ndashimira ibara ryayo, ijwi ryimbitse, ubutunzi, bwahise bunguka.
Chippendule yahimbye imbonerahamwe yihariye yo gusoma, kuzenguruka imbonerahamwe yo kuzimya ifunguro rya mugitondo, amashusho yumwimerere. Yakoze intebe mu cyitegererezo cy'Abashinwa, n'amaguru yoroshye, ariko mu gushushanya agahimba kavukire kandi akagoramye mu buryo bwo kuboha urujijo, imigozi, amabara n'amababi - byatanze ubushake. Ibintu byunamye bifite igice kinini cyimbere gifite amaguru afite inzara, gutera umupira. Rimwe na rimwe, inzara ya kagoma yasimbuwe n'intare. Wangly yari art cyane cyane mubushinwa. Ubusanzwe ibitanda byari bifite abanyamafarasi muburyo bwa pagoda wumushinwa. Umwanya wicyubahiro mubiro wigaruriwe imbonerahamwe zitandukanye zo kwandika hamwe namasaha menshi yo hanze. Ibi bintu byose byateje izina ryimbere ryibitabo byimbere kandi byubwenge.
Amahugurwa
Tuzagerageza kubyara imiterere iranga inzu yimbere muburyo bwa rococo - uburyo buhebuje muriki gihe. Mbere ya byose, tuzasobanura ubwoko bwibibanza.Amazu ashushanyijeho ibyumba bya musarani (abakunzi n'abahembo ku mwanya wa mbere), Baora, ibyumba byo kuraramo, ibyumba byakorewe, amasomero, amasosiyete, amazu ya parade n'abakozi b'abakozi.
Umutambiko wacu w'ibitekerezo urumvikana ko utangira rockey ntabwo yatunga mu miterere y'imbere, ariko ako kanya mu bikoresho byayo. Rococo style yakinnye, urumuri, ndetse na karnivali, bityo rero ikwemerera guhitamo imiterere yubusa.
Icy'ingenzi cyane muri uru rubanza, ikibazo cyo kwisiga cyibintu nibikoresho. Igitekerezo cyimbere nkisonga ryuzuye ryatangiriye mubihe bya Rococo. Abubatsi mumishinga yabo yashakaga kugera kubumwe bwuzuye bwo gushushanya ibintu byose byicyumba: gushushanya n'imitako yinkike, imitako yimodoka, amabara yimihane hamwe na kaburimbo.
Reka rero dutangire hamwe nicyumba
Mucyumba cyo kuraramo cyahagaze ameza yashyizwe kumeza yimikino, akunze kwiyongera. Kubundi buryo butandukanye, imigezi nto ya Gueridon (Gueridon) yarakoreshejwe. Bose bari uburyo butandukanye, ariko bari bafite umurongo umwe, imbonerahamwe yakemuwe nkimitako gusa. Ibi byorohewe n'imitako itandukanye y'umuringa, zashyizwe ahantu hashyirwaho amaguru, ku mwami. Umuyoboro usanzwe w'imitako kuri iki gihe cyimuwe neza uburyo bwubwubatsi bwimbonerahamwe ya Baroque.
Ibikoresho byo kwicara, kubeshya no "hagati" buhoro buhoro biba byiza kandi bitandukanye. Kdivan na inyuma muhezo, yitwa "Berger" (Bergere), yari Kyongewe Kuri chaise uburiri mu bwoko nyinshi: Urugero, A "Turquoise" yari kwitwa Amahirwe make rukuta ibirenge, no bizunganirwa na soft armrests- "Veyise" ( Imyuga). USOFANA yari afite urukuta rukomeye rwo mu rukuta rukomeye, rwakozwe binyuze muri Kanape. Ibibyitwa Marquise byagaragaye, byari bigufi bikaze cyane hamwe ninkuta zabajwe. Marquis yibukije Ottoman, ariko inkuta zanyuma zanyuma zari emise.
Ibikoresho byandujwe byakundaga cyane biherereye kurukuta, cyangwa amatsinda meza yo mucyumba. Birakwiye kwitondera ibi, kubera ko gushyira ibikoresho byo mu nzu hamwe na picture "byashubije imirimo ishushanya neza.
Isanduku n'inkati hamwe n'intambwe zatangiriye mu byumba ntabwo byirukanye mu byumba bitatu, ahubwo binaturutse mubyumba kandi byabitswe gusa muri mesh-amazu. Kubaho kw'impu z'ibihe byose byakoresheje isanduku by'ikurura (SP. Ibicuruzwa- Byoroheje), akenshi bifite angungi abiri. Ifishi yarahinduye inshuro nyinshi. Ubwa mbere, uruhande rwakozwe nuwarakenye, ruherereye mu misozi; Uruhande rwo hepfo rwaciwe muburyo bwa semicircle. Gukurikirana ibitonyanga ndetse nimwiyambara byumukobwa bigenda bigenda bigorana, kandi intera nimitako yumuringa biratoroshye, biherereye hejuru yurubingo.
Boudoir yacu ntoya ntabwo ari ibitandukanye kuruta icyumba, ariko ntabwo butangaje. VKuduar ikenewe rwose kumeza yumusarani, imbonerahamwe ya mutilette, nyuma yiswe poudase (poodona). Isazi nibikona ubusa bisaba ibidukikije bireba! Imiterere ya pommadour mu igenamiterere yerekana ibyiza byose, bikinisha, bishushanyije cyane. Tuzakenera kandi Biro idasanzwe ya Ladium Ladium cyangwa Ibanga mumaguru yoroheje akoresheje ikibaho kiranga hamwe namashami menshi yihishwa. Uburyo bumwe bwa "buteye imbere" nabwo bwahindutse ibyumba byamakarita (akabati kumpapuro).
Bitandukanye n'ibikoresho byo mu bucuruzi bwa Miniature, Ibiro by'intebe mu biro byakazi byakiriye bigomba kuba binini kandi binini. Byakozwe mu giti cya roza cyangwa violet. Umutako watanzwe guhitamo muri biro ya Biro cyangwa Biro ya silindrike ifite umupfundikizo.
Mu cyumba cyo kuraramo, ubusumbabyo bwayo buracyaganje, bukaba ari umunsi mwiza kandi mwiza. Impapuro zayo zo gucukura ibisobanuro ibisobanuro byombi imitako, bintarre na capricious. Amazina yigitanda ahabwa hakurikijwe imiterere ya Baldakhin nkikintu cyihinga cyinshi. Rero yagaragaye uburiri bwa Alohinoise, alafrancaise, Alganglaise, Al'taitatatitayienne.
Hagati ya Rockey Imbere, nubwo yabwo bwose bwayo, itanura risigaye. Gusa ubu iri hasi, itarya neza hamwe no gutabara neza. Hejuru yumuriro, umuyobozi wa decorator ashyira indorerwamo.
Kuko marquetry mu Rococo Imisusire furniture, bihenze inkwi amoko akoreshwa: red pink igiti, rosewood, amaranth, igiti y'ibigazi, indimu, Apple igiti, Umutobe, Maple, mayirungi, n'ibindi Ibikoresho byo mu nzu y'ibikoresho by'igifaransa byitabaje ibara ry'abihimbano no gutwika ibiti, uhitamo icyifuzo gisanzwe.
Inyungu mubuhanga bwiburasirazuba bwigaragaje ntabwo ari ugukemura imbere imbere muri rusange, ariko no gusobanura ibicuruzwa byimigiti. Masters yubufaransa akoresha ibintu byabashinwa mu mirimo yabo: urugero, Vasilain ya farashi ya Vendelain bayoborwa n'umuringa, hamwe nimbaho zitondekanya umurinzi zinjiza mubikoresho bishya. Exotic uburyohe rococo yagize ingaruka ku kuntu benshi mu bikoresho bitandukanye. Abafaransa babaye abatumiza mu mahanga ndetse na simulas yo mu buyapani na Gronishes. Ubutunzi bwiza bwa "Shinoazri" ("Igishinwa") Abasenyi benshi - kuva ku nyubako zikomeye "ku bayoboke ba cophable bahuye n'ubuhanzi bwa PP - Bikurikizwe kugeza uyu munsi.
Ibikoresho nibisobanuro birambuye
Indorerwamo, isaha, Ubushinwa. Imiterere ya kamere yo gukina kandi itatanye igukorera gusa nkumutezi kugirango yuzuze imbere hamwe na trifles nziza idakora, ikangirika cyane kandi ikagora ubuzima. Rococo, Bitandukanye na Baroque ya Pompous, ntabwo byoroshye guhuza mu Nzu yimbere, ariko mubyingenzi. Indorerwamo nyinshi zari mbi kandi rikwirakwiza amajwi yabo. Igiti cyirabura cyijimye kirashira, kandi indorerwamo zitwikiriwe n'indangabaswa, ibicucu, birohama. Indorerwamo zashyizweho mu rukuta rw'urukuta, uruganda rufite imbonerahamwe. Indorerwamo z'umuriro rimwe na rimwe zigizwe n'ibice bibiri. Kumanuka ku ndorerwamo mu buryo bwa "Shinazri" Uburayi bwarimbishijwe no ku nkombe z'ibicuruzwa bifata agasanduku k'ibiruka. Abashitsi bose hamwe nabaseti bashora indege na decorators - ibishushanyo mbonera byindorerwamo bizatandukanya gravy. DECORATORTORS, Maissonier yashyizwe mu bikoresho byo mu nzu yaremwe nabo amasaha akinira inyongera y'ibikoresho byongeweho ku gatuza, kumeza, hejuru yindorerwamo.Ibisubizo byamajwi byari bikwiye kurema imiyoboro, ibirori. Abategura bahitamo guhuza byera nubururu, umweru kandi urumuri rwicyatsi cyangwa ibara ryijimye, ni ukuvuga umurongo wose wa paste, umubano mwiza wa tone. Itegeko riteganijwe imbere muburyo bwa gilding. Amoko ahenze cyane yibiti, marble, umuringa, zahabu, ubudodo, tapestry shyiramo imitako ihenze cyane. Ibi bikoresho bijya kumutanduzi kurukuta hamwe na pacolive. Kuva mu Bushinwa kugera i Burayi yazaga heapaper wallpaper. Inkuta, irangi nimpapuro, akenshi zishushanyijeho bazwi cyane.
Gutandukana ku ngingo "Pompadour" mubihe bigezweho birasubirwamo byoroshye, kuko imitako yose ya Rococo yashyizwe mubice bitatu:
1) ibara ry'icyumba,
2) ibikoresho byamateka,
3) Ibikoresho bya Stylish.
Ibikoresho mu Mwuka Rococo birashobora kugurwa mububiko na salo ya kera buhoro buhoro, yinjira muburyohe bwigihe cya Wigs yifu, isazi ya flirty hamwe nibihe byinshi. Usibye imirimo nyayo, kwitabwaho bikwiye kugerwaho nigiciro cyicyitwa "Rococo ya kabiri" (ivuka muri mirongo itandatu ya XIXVEK) hamwe na reflica igezweho. Itandukaniro ry'imyambarire n'ibikoresho bihenze ku ngingo y'amateka (Inters na Rocoago, Dolciago, Ellar, Ellue, (Ubutaliyani, Wingchair (Espanye). Nicyo kintu cyingenzi - mugihe gikora verisiyo igezweho yimbere ya Rococo Bwana DICOCAT hamwe numushinga ushobora guhitamo insanganyamatsiko kugiti cye: Drapery cyangwa imyenda, gushushanya ibikoresho cyangwa mubushinwa.
Igitabo Cyumurongo
Bande - imitako kuva kaseti iboshye.
Umupaka - inkombe yumugozi, tapi, tapestry hamwe numutako wigenga, uhindura icyarimwe nurubuga rwibanze.
Drapery - Umwenda, umwenda, umanuka hamwe nubucukuzi.
Knorpel - Umutako ukomoka mu Buholandi, uterana cyane cyane mu giti. Izina rifitanye isano nuburyo bw'umutako igizwe na "kubyimba" impyisi isa n'ibishishwa.
Nta ntama. - Igipfukisho cyumwimerere hamwe na EDGES na tassels, bigoramye nkindimi. Nyuma - uburyo bwo gushushanya imyenda hamwe na horizontal na vertical. Imyanda ya fibre nayo yakoreshwaga nkimpamvu nziza yo gushushanya muri ubwubatsi, gushushanya, ibihangano bikoreshwa.
Nastinnik - itara rifite bracketi; Shyirwa kurukuta, urukuta rureba cyangwa ibikoresho bya buri muntu.
Pendel - Guhagarikwa gushushanya muburyo bwibitonyanga mumatara na chandeliers, cyane cyane imyambarire muri smococo.
Rocail - Impamvu nziza ya rococo. Ni imitako yubupfura muburyo bwo kurohama.
Rolver - Motif ya mirongo ine ya Borbons.
Fesitoon - Impamvu yumutako muburyo bwindabyo ziva mundabyo n'amababi, byoherejwe i Banbons.
Tsari - Ikadiri yameza n'imyanya.
Ibintu byo kurasa bitangwa na colombostile hamwe ningoro ndangamurage yuburusiya yose yo kwishushanya no kubaho.