Kurengana nkibintu byingenzi byuburyo bwinyubako: ibyo bibaho uburyo bwo guhitamo. Gahunda yo kurenga.
Rero, umusomyi nkunda (noneho reka mvuge nti: "Nshuti yanjye"), azakomeza kumenyana nibisubizo byagushidikanywaho. Kuva mu bitabo byabanjirije, wakiriye igitekerezo cyishingiro ryayo, kubyerekeye inkuta. Noneho urashobora gukomeza gusuzuma ikintu gikurikira cyuzuye cyubwinyubako-yuzuye.
Kurengana - Izi ni diaphragm za itambitse, zitandukanya inyubako ku magorofa no kubona imitwaro yabantu, ibikoresho nibikoresho. Kurenganya nabyo ni diafraGMS zikomeyeza umutekano winyubako muri rusange, imyumvire, harimo umuyaga wimisozi irinda ibyumba byihariye ubukonje nubushuhe, urusaku rwinshi. Kuva hano urashobora gutangaza muri make hamwe nibisabwa byibanze kugirango bisobanurwe:
- imbaraga - Guhindura byuzuye bigomba kwihanganira imitwaro yabazwe ihuriweho nayo;
- Kuringaniza - Munsi y'ibikorwa by'imizigo, guhuzagurika ntibigomba gutanga ibisobanuro bifatika (agaciro kemewe kuva ku ya 1/200 kuri gisirikare kuri 1/250 kugezaho, kandi ntigomba kubazwa, ni ukuvuga ihindagurika iyo abantu, ibikoresho, ibikoresho, Uburyo bwimuka;
- Ijwi - Kurinda icyumba kuva amajwi yijwi (guhungabana numwuka) biva mubyumba byegeranye biri hejuru cyangwa biri hasi;
- Kurinda Ubushyuhe - Niba hejuru bitandukanijwe nibyumba bifite itandukaniro ryubushyuhe bwa 10, i.e. Hejuru y'ubukonje bukonje, mu rwego rw'ubutaka, munsi ya atike;
- Kurwanya umuriro (Kurwanya umuriro) - Urwego rw'umwuzure ukwirakwira, rugenwa nubuziranenge bujyanye no kurwanya umuriro;
- ubukungu - Niba bishoboka, ufite uburemere buke hamwe nubunini buto (kugirango hatabaho ingano zirenze inyubako), kimwe ninganda zibintu bigize guhuzagurika.
C'amaruka, byaba ngombwa, agomba kandi bujuje ibisabwa bidasanzwe: bayahomaga (ubwogero, ibidendezi), gazi-tightness, anti-imoko burambye. By'umwihariko hagomba kwitondera imikorere gusa, ahubwo no ku bisabwa mu buryo bwo gutangaza, ubwubatsi bwo kurangiza hejuru yuzuye, KIP na Ceiling.
Kuringaniza bitewe nintego, I.E. Kuva aho inyubako, bigabanijwemo atike, hagati, byemejwe no hejuru y'intara.
Igiciro cyo kurengana mu giciro cyose cy'inyubako yo guturamo iri kuva kuri 15 kugeza kuri 20%; Ibiciro byumurimo bifatika kubikoresho byabo - kugeza kuri 25%. Kubwibyo, imyifatire yitondera guhitamo igishushanyo gihuje ibihuze birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku kugabanya ibiciro, kwizerwa, imikorere, kimwe nimico yinzererero yinzu muri rusange.
Gukosorwa bigizwe ahanini nabatwara no kuzura. Gutandukanya amakuru hejuru yigice cyitwaye neza, mubisanzwe bigizwe nibice byinshi, hamwe nubuso bwuzuye bwo gupfobya butunganijwe hepfo.
Ukurikije ibikoresho nuburyo bwo gushyigikira inzego zo hejuru amazu - akazu, mubisanzwe bikwiranye nibiti (kubiti byimbaho) cyangwa bikomeza kubahirizwa (kuzamuka, monolithic). Imanza zabonetse, kurugero, kurenga kucyumba cyo kuraramo, icyumba cyumuriro, inyubako kidasanzwe, shyira ibiti by'ibyuma bivuye mu kiti, anoxide.
Tutitaye kubikoresho nuburyo bwo gukosorwa, birakenewe kumenya ubunini bwa akaky bwibiti, amasahani, andi masoko yibintu bigomba gufatwa, ni iki wahitamo murugo rwawe? Reka dusubire kumushinga we turebe ibipimo bifite hagati yicyitwa kiliki, ishore ya modular, ikosore aho abatwara imiterere yububiko - Urufatiro, inkingi zitandukanye, inkingi zitandukanye, inkingi. Ndetse vuba aha, ubu bunini bwafashwe nubwubatsi bwumuyobozi uko bishakiye kandi bijyanye numwe gusa, umushinga wacyo murugo. Kubwibyo, uhereye kubiti bihari kurubuga rwubwubatsi rwakoze imiti yumuntu. Babaye uburebure bwa 3,85, na 4.0, no muri 4.15, kandi muri 4.30, no muri 5.25m n'abandi. Mubyiciro byubwenge. By the way, ubunini nuburyo butandukanye nabyo byari inzugi, Windows, nintambwe, hamwe numurimo muto ... ariko uyumunsi nibihe byose bishobora kuba serial gusa, hamwe ibipimo bimwe nibindi bipimo. Ubundi kuvugwa-icyarimwe, bisanzwe. Ibicuruzwa nkibi ni mubisanzwe, urashobora gutuma ibintu byihariye nibintu byiza.
Mu kubaka igezweho. Ibipimo by'ibikoresho by'imiterere, abanyamuryango b'inyubako bagomba guhuzwa no guhumeka. Kugirango bishoboka gukoresha bisanzwe (kwinjizwaho), guhuza ibintu. Guhuza amategeko yo guhuza ingano yubunini nubufasha nibikoresho byinyubako, ibicuruzwa n'ibikoresho bigize uburyo bumwe bwa modular. Ishingiye ku guhuza, ibisobanuro no mu buryo busanzwe mu gishushanyo, umusaruro w'inzego n'ibicuruzwa. Gukubita module nyamukuru yemeje agaciro ka 100mm, byerekanwa ninyuguti. Ubunini bwose bwinyubako byateganijwe kuri module nyinshi.
Kugirango wongere imikorere yubusare, bigabanye umubare wubunini bwinzego, module yagutse (3m, 30m, 60m, zikoreshwa muguha uburebure, uburebure hagati yinzego zishyigikira hamwe ninzego zishyigikira.
Kugirango umenye neza kandi gahunda yo guhagarika ihagaritse kandi itambitse yumutwara winyubako (inkingi, inkingi, ibirenze) nibibanza byakoreshejwe, sisitemu yo hagati ya modular ikoreshwa. Imirongo imaze igihe ishore zinyura mubugari bwinyubako (mubisanzwe imirongo ibangikanye kuva hasi yerekana igishushanyo cya gahunda), biramenyerewe ko bisobanurwa (byashyizwe ahagaragara) hamwe ninyuguti nkuru; Imirongo ya thexses (ikora perpendicular kugeza uburebure bwinyubako), imibare yabo nini-yicyarabu. Kashe yinjyana yashyizwe muruziga. Ishoka yamenetse (modular) ishoka ya pase ikikuta shingiro, inkingi, izindi nkunga zifite urufatiro rugomba kuba kumushinga.
Guhuza ibintu byubaka kugeza amashoka yo hagati nubunini bwibintu byateganijwe ukoresheje amagambo akurikira:
- Ingano ya Nomine (modular) - Igishushanyo kiri hagati yishoka hagati; Kubintu byubaka (urugero, ibiti, amasahani yuzuye) - Ingano isanzwe ikubiyemo ibice bihuye nibice bihuye nibice bishinzwe kugenzura nibikenewe mugihe bashize muri ibi bintu;
- Ingano yubaka - Ubunini bw'ibintu, ibicuruzwa, bitandukanye n'ubunini bw'izina, nk'itegeko, n'ubunini bw'ikigereranyo cyo kugenzurwa hagati y'ibicuruzwa;
- Ingano karemano - Ingano nyayo yibicuruzwa. Biratandukanye no kubaka agaciro ka covelerance yashyizweho kuri iki gicuruzwa (urugero, amatafari 3-5mm, bitewe nuburyo butandukanye); Intera nyayo iri hagati yishoka yamenetse yinyubako yubatswe.
Noneho hagomba gusobanuka neza ko ibisate bifatika byashimangiwe ugiye kugura, kurugero, uburebure bwa 4.2m, bizaba ubunini bwa 4180mm, kandi ubugari nibwo m 1,5 gusa. Menya ko igishushanyo cya gahunda zicara zerekana ibipimo byizina rya Vmm.
Ntugahangayikishwe, ntiwashutswe, ahubwo wakurikijwe umushinga, urwego rwizina ni 4.2 na m 1.5, kandi baragurishijwe hamwe nubunini bwa 41801490mm.
Noneho turashobora gukomeza gusuzuma ibisubizo byagushushanyije. Gukoresha kenshi kandi byemewe cyane bikoreshwa nkibice bitwara ibibatsi bifite amatafari-beto, bikangurura ibicapo byose kuva kurukuta rwimbere (cyangwa ku nkingi zitari zo).
Ukurikije umushinga nubunini bwibibanza, inkingi zimbere ninkunga, inkingi zirashobora kugenda haba mu nyubako no hakurya. Kubwibyo, gushyira amasahani yo kurenganurwa cyangwa ibiti birashobora guhinduka kandi birebire hamwe nubunini butandukanye bwo gutsemba amababi, kubwibyo, amasahani n'ibiti.
Ibisahani bikozwe mu masahani atoroshye kandi yoroheje (ceramzite beto, Slagobetone, n'ibindi) bya brand200 nibindi. Kenshi na kenshi, amasahani yo kuzigama uburemere bufatika kandi bugabanuka bukozwe mu mutima uzengurutse.
Amasahani ni uburebure bwizina kuva 2.4 kugeza 6.3 cyangwa 6.4; 6.6m (kubisobanuro bitandukanye byibicuruzwa bisanzwe hamwe nububiko butandukanye) nubugari bwa 0.6 kugeza kuri 1.8-2.4 m intera, module nyinshi zamanota cyangwa 4m.
Ubunini bwibitabo byinjijwe byuzuye kandi bingana na mm 220, hamwe numutwaro utandukanye wo gushiramo uburebure bwibitambara byemejwe no gushimangira hamwe na beto. Uburemere (Misa) by'isahani nk'izo nko hafi 0.9 kugeza 2.5t, bituma gukoresha crane ikamyo ifite ubushobozi bugera kuri 3.
Amasahani arekurwa n'umutwaro wabazwe (ukuyemo umutekano w'isahani mu 250-300 kg / m2) kuva 300-450 kgf / m2 (ku nyubako za metero kare) - ku nyubako zo guturamo, kugeza kuri 800, kuri firime n'inyubako nyinshi n'inganda. Isumbabyose umutwaro wabazwe, isahani ihenze - tekereza mugihe uyiguze.
Isahani yo gukosorwa (nkibindi bintu byingenzi byubaka inyubako) byagenwe nibibi bitandukanye. Ibimenyetso by'isahani bigizwe n'amatsinda y'imyandikire. Kurugero, ukurikije agatsindiro k'ubutaka k'akarere ka Moscou, Mark PC 42.15-8T bisobanura: PC- Izina ry'ibicuruzwa by'ipaji giseke hamwe n'indwara zizengurutse; 42.15- Ibipimo by'ibicuruzwa mu burebure bwa Decimetrah- Uburebure 4180, ubugari - 1490; 8- Munsi yumutwaro ugera kuri 800 kgf / m2; T-indangagaciro ya beto iremereye.
Ubwinshi bw'inkunga y'impera z'ibyatsi byashimangiwe ku rukuta rw'amatafari (ingingo y'ingenzi) igomba kuba byibuze 90-120m hamwe n'ibindi bikoresho bihuye bivuye ku gisubizo, ibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano no gusohora mu buryo butambitse bwa amasahani.
Impera z'isahani ziruhukiye ku nkuta zo hanze zifite ubunini butarenze mm 510 zigomba kwishyurwa, nk'urugero, amabuye y'agaciro, amabuye y'agaciro, amabuye y'agaciro, umuhanga mu bihaha. Kugirango umenye neza amasahani yegeranye no kunoza amajwi yo kumarana, icyuho, icyuho kiri hagati yisahani kuruhande rwimpano kubitsa kuri beto cyangwa sima ya cent. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kumurika kurukuta rw'amatafari nayo yubatswe. Impera yisahani ibona umutwaro (kurenza 1.700 kgf / m2 nyinshi, kurugero, mu nyubako zo mu madini menshi), zongerewe mu bihe by'uruganda (cyangwa mu buryo butaziguye mu buryo bwo kwishyiriraho) hamwe na diameter ya diameter ya Umuyoboro muremure urangiye.
Amasahani yo kugwiza hamwe n'ubugari bwa mm 220 afite uburemere (misa) kuva 250-300 kg / m2, igabanuka uburebure (bikunze, niba bashikamye) 120-160mm. Kubwibyo, izi sahani zitangwa hamwe nijwi ryayo rikenewe kugirango amagorofa yimbere. Gushimangira isahani biherereye munsi yikigereranyo cya beto 20mm, bituma habaho imipaka ikenewe yo kurwanya umuriro. Mugugura ibyapa, nshuti Umusomyi, reba ko gutangaza ibice muri beto ntabwo byari birenze mm 0.3.
Ibyapa bikozwe hamwe no gufungura cyangwa byagarutsweho ibyuma byamazi yibice bito, bikaba, iyo bizenguruka, byuzuye bikoreshwa muguhindura inanga. Noneho gufungura ibintu byoroshye cyangwa gukata.
Ihuza rya Anchor (gufunga) amasahani hamwe ninkuta zo hanze nimbere zashyizwe muri buri saha ya kabiri-ya kane kumurongo; Bikozwe kuva kubyuma bizengurutse impande zose zambuka 6-12mm. Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, batwikiriye kugirango barinde imyanda hamwe nindirimbo ya chame pertar 30mm. Inkoni yo guhagarika ibikoresho byo gucana ishyirwa mu nyanja ndende cyangwa yanyuze mu mwobo wacukuwe neza hagati mu myanya y'isahani.
Usibye ibyapa byuzuye mugihe cyo kubaka akazu, ushimangira amasahani nyayo ikomeye (idacogora) irashobora gukoreshwa. N'uburebure bwabo 3.6 na 4.2 m umubyimba wa 120mm; Hamwe n'uburebure bwa metero 6,60. Ubugari bwa plaque 1.2-2.4 m nibindi byinshi, harimo ubunini bwa "Nack". Amasahani hamwe nubwinshi bwa 160mm biremereye kuruta guhuza byinshi, bitanga misa yabo (300 kg / m2) Ijwi rihagije ryumvikana. Mugihe ukoresheje 120mm plaque mubishushanyo mbonera byamagorofa, hagomba gutangwa izindi ngingo zifatika zigomba gutangwa, kurugero, kubera gaskets zoroheje ku nkunga, amagorofa yinyuma.
Uburemere bunini bwisahani nini cyane busaba gukoresha 7-10t hamwe na crane yo gupakira kuri crane yubwubatsi (aho kuba toni eshatu zisahani zigumaho), ntabwo buri gihe iboneka.
Ukurikije imiterere yaho, ibyapa bimenetse byashimangiwe uhereye kumurongo wubwubatsi, bituma habaho guhuzagurika hamwe nigisenge gitandukanye (mugihe imbavu zarashushanyije) cyangwa hamwe na edges hejuru).
Kugira ngo ugarure icyumba n'indege 9, 12, 15m, agasanduku kambere gashimangira agasanduku kambutse igice, amasahani 2t, nibindi bikorwa.
Plate 2t numubatsi wumuzunguruko ufite imbavu ebyiri ndende mumigi yambukiranya. Ubugari bwacyo ni 2,980m (nominal 3m), uburebure bwuruhande ni 600mm. Ibisahani byimigambi idasanzwe (kuri balkoni, logigisi, kubeshya, ubwiherero, ubwiherero) butandukanye nibisobanuro biranga hamwe nibiranga inkunga hamwe no kubaha byiyongera.
Kubikoresho bihagarika, ubusanzwe bakoresha amasahani akomeye ashimangirwa, bikakubitwa mumatafari bivuye ku mariti kandi bisudira kugirango birekure bivuye mu gusimbuka kwa beto. Birashoboka gukoresha ibintu bidasanzwe byinguzanyo, no kwizirika ku masahani akwiranye. Kugirango urenze kuri logigi, urashobora gukoresha amasahani yuzuye afite isura yo hanze yinshyi yinguzanyo yinguzanyo yo gufunga.
Kugirango urenganye, ufite imvugo zitandukanye, ni byiza gukoresha monolithic inzego zishimangira ibintu byoroshye gukora ahazubakwa.
Hamwe nubushobozi buke bwo kuzamura uburyo bwo gushiraho, kurugero, crane kugeza 0.5t, imiti yimbere ya shimirwa ya beto yinyuma yatsinzwe nibishushanyo mbonera. Uburebure bw'ibiti by'umuringa hamwe nindege ni 4.8 na 6.0 m bingana na 220-260mm, hamwe nindege 6.4 na 6.6m- mm. Ibiti bya beto bigomba gushyirwaho mu rukenye rw'amatafari 200mm ukoresheje uduce duto duto dushyigikiwe mu gukwirakwiza umutwaro mu gaciro gakomeye. Ibiti bifatanye nurukuta hamwe nabashishikarizwa, biba imboro zabo murukuta rwinyuma, ni "bigenzurwa nintoki zubushyuhe bworoheje, nyuma yicyari gifatika
Kuzuza (kuzunguruka) muburyo bukomeye (100-12mmm) plaster cyangwa urumuri-rubanda rwinshi-rwimibare yubunini bwose bwibiti byose bishyirwa ku nkoni zo mu miringa. Ihemu hagati y'ibiti n'ibiyimwe bisukwa neza igisubizo, kandi igisenge kirara.
Ibyiza byinyamanswa nkiryo nuburyo buke bwibiti no mubyiciro bito byicyuma kugirango bakomeze. Ariko, ugereranije n'isahani nini yashimangiye amagorofa ya beto, ibibi byabo ni byo bitangaje kandi bigoye ku kazi, kunywa ibintu bikomeye by'ibiti by'ibikoresho byo hasi, ndetse n'umutekano muto w'umutekano.
Nyuma yo gushimangirwa ibisate bifatika, birashoboka ko hakiri isambu rinini mu kubaka akazu barenze ku biti by'ibiti, cyane cyane mu turere ibikoresho byo mu ishyamba. Twabibutsa ko gukoresha amagorofa yimbaho biremewe mu nyubako zo guturamo hakoreshejwe amagorofa atatu ndetse no mu ruhame kandi bitarenze bibiri. Mubyiza by'abi bigarutse harimo uburemere buke kandi buke ugereranije no gushimangirwa hasi. Ibibi - kurwanya bidakomeye kumurimo, kurwanya umuriro hamwe no gushushanya cyane. Yongereye iramba ryibiti birashobora kugerwaho no gukoresha ishyamba ryumye (lobby ntabwo rirenze 20%, kubitara, antiseptation na scab hamwe nigiti cyaka umuriro.
Gukoresha ibiti byimbaho kubitekerezo byubukungu birashobora gusabwa gusa mugihe kitararenga 4,0-4.24.2 mubihe byinshi bibaho mugihe ushizemo ibiti cyane kurukuta rwandurira. Hamwe n'ibice binini, ibice by'ibiti bifite akamaro. Kurandura inkuta zo hanze ndende byihuta cyane, cyane cyane ahantu ho gushigikira ibiti kurukuta rukonje.
Kurenganya kubiti byimbaho mubisanzwe bikozwe mubintu bitwara; Kwuzura hagati yinkingi z'ibiti bibiri by'ibiti, fibrolite cyangwa ibiti bito bito mu bikoresho bikozwe mu kibaya ku gitanda binyura kuri 500-700mm hejuru y'ibiti.
Kumyanya yimbaho, birashoboka gukoresha imyanda yimbaho - umusozi, imbaho zinteye ibibaho, nibindi. Imizingo yashyizweho ukurikije ibice bya cranial hamwe nigice cyambukiranya 4040 (5050) mm, kugendagenda kumitsi kumuboko umwe (iyo byegeranye nurukuta) cyangwa kuva bibiri. Kurinda igihano gituruka ku bushake, bitwikiriwe n'ikibuga cy'ibumba cy'umucanga gifite ubunini bwa mm 20-30 cyangwa kuri bo, kandi kuri bo, kuzamuka-kuzamuka-kuzamuka kw'ibice byumucanga wumye cyangwa umucumbiya wumye hamwe ubunini bwa 50-60mm kugirango utezimbere amajwi. Kwinjizwa hejuru hejuru yimyuka hamwe nurwego rwibitabo (gusa kandi birasa) shyiramo urwego rwibisobanuro (ceremtete ya ceramzite, ibicumubyo bya firimani, nibindi). Kugira ngo urwego rukingire ubushyuhe, ntibyangiritse kandi ntibubahiriza inzira y'abantu muri atike, birasabwa gushyira imbaho zikora ku biti.
Igisenge gitunganijwe mu mbaho zidoda, zitwikiriye amasahani yumye cyangwa yarangiye hamwe na wallpaper, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho.
Ibishyimbo bisanzwe (utubari cyangwa bigizwe nimbaho) bifite igice cyurukiramende rwurukiramende, kuva hejuru ya mm 100 kugeza 200 hamwe nubunini bwa 50, 75, 80 na 100mm. Bashyizwe kuri kubara nyuma ya 0.6; 0.8 cyangwa 1.0 m, bituma ikoreshwa ryibintu bisanzwe byuzuza ibintu (byashyizwe). Glit Amazu Uburebure bwibiti bigenwa no kubara kandi mubisanzwe ni 1 / 20-1 / 25 kuva mumwanya.
Impera z'ibiti hafi mu birindiro byihariye byasize mu rukuta rw'amatafari, kugeza ku cyiciro cya 150-200mm, antiseptike no kurinda ibice bibiri byo gusakara byibuze 250mm. Impera yibya beam yatangajwe 30mm igasigara ifunguye kugirango irangire. Isanduku ikorwa na 20-30mm kuruta igice cyambukiranya ibiti. Inkuta zoroheje rimwe na rimwe zinjizwa agasanduku (igikurura) uhereye ku mbaho za antiseptique hamwe na packs, ukureho "ibiraro bikonje".
Gusya ibiti mu rukuta rwamabuye yo hanze hamwe nubwinshi bwa mm 510 kandi ntukore ibipfamatwi, I.e. Impande zo hejuru no kuruhande rwibiti (nyuma yo kurambika) byegereye igisubizo hamwe nimbitse kuri 100mm. Ikidodo gifunguye gikoreshwa nubunini bwinkuta zo hanze zirenga 510mm mumazu adafite agaciro kandi iyo winjiye mumitwe yinkike zimbere. Impera z'ibiti zifatanije nisumisuka kumuyoboro wijimye washyizwe mu kurambika.
Ku rukuta rwimbere, impera z'ibiti bigera, byapfunyitse imigani, bifatanije ku murongo umwe w'ibi biti cyangwa gushira hafi (ubwitange) hanyuma uhambire hamwe n'icyuma.
Impera z'ibiti by'imiryango iringaniye n'imbunda mu nyubako z'ibiti zitwara mu ruke rw'inkike zo hanze ku bwinshi.
Ahantu ho guhuza amagorofa yimbaho hamwe nibice byinkike bifite imiyoboro yumwotsi (140270mm), birakenewe gutegura ibitekerezo byumuriro.
Mu nyubako zo guturamo (hamwe nigihorera cyibihe), gukata kuva ku nkombe yumuyoboro wumwotsi kugeza ku kiti cyegereye ibiti bigomba kuba byimbitse (ubugari) byibuze 250mm. Inyongera yinyongera igomba gukorwa kuva iyumva, yatewe nibumba cyangwa kuva mu gice cya asibesitosi. Niba igiti kiri perpendicular ahantu ho gukata, igiti kirakwiriye, noneho kigomba kugabanywa kandi kigomba gushyirwa kuri Riglel yafashaga, inkunga cyangwa ihagarikwa kumutiba wicyuma. Umufuka utose (ubwiherero, ubwiherero) bihuje neza ni byiza bikozwe mu masahani shingiro. Niba bihugiye hejuru kubiti byimbaho, basigaye bifunguye, batafunze umurizo. Igice cy'amazi gishyirwa munsi yubutaka busukuye, impande ziriya kuri perimetero zigomba kuzamurwa no gukosora PLIM.
Mugihe cyubwubatsi, bigomba kwitondera ko binyuze mu ruzitiro (guhuzagurika, kugabana, inkuta) amajwi abiri (urusaku) Inzira zo kubarinda ziratandukanye.
Urusaku rwo mu kirere rubaho iyo muganira, kuririmba, umuziki, nibindi. Ishyikirizwa icyumba cy'abaturanyi kubera igishushanyo mbonera cy'indege, kimwe no kurekura, icyuho. Kubwibyo, birakenewe gukurikiza peringi yuzuye, igabanya ubukana ryibintu byegeranye, ndetse no gukoresha amagorofa ahuzagurika no kugabana uburemere runaka, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru.
Ibikoresho (Shock) Urusaku rubaho iyo rugenda (cyane cyane kuneka), kugenda kw'ibikoresho, gufunga imisumari, nibindi. Kurinda, imiterere yimpande hamwe nibigize uburemere nubusa, gaskets ya elastike ikoreshwa, shyira hasi ya tapi, nibindi nkibyo.
Noneho, mugihe utegura umushinga wurugo rwawe no kubaka, urashobora noneho kuba umunyabwenge, uhitamo uhitamo ubwoko bukosorwa.
Gahunda
Gahunda igarukira hejuru ya srabs-beto. Sisitemu ya modular idahujwe mubwubatsi. Guhindura icyuma-beto bigarukira kurukuta rw'amatafari.
Kweza ibiti hejuru ya brom-beto. Gufunga ihagarikwa ryo guhagarika ibikoresho byo gucana.
Kurenga ku biti by'ibiti. Inkinzo ya pavement yimbaho hamwe ninkunga kubariruka.
Gukata chimney. Kuraho ibiti byimbaho ku rukuta rw'amatafari. Gahunda nziza yo guhuza.
Mu gitabo gikurikira, wowe, nshuti nshuti, uzashobora kumenyana nibishushanyo nubwoko bwibisenge, igisubizo cyibice byabo.
