Ibitandukanya biratandukanye: guhinduka kandi uhagaze; Kuva mu biti, amatafari, ikirahure, cyumye cyangwa ibindi bikoresho, ariko byose byumwimerere kandi byoroshye gukora.
Ubwoko bwo guhindura ibice:
A - kubuntu (ubwoko bwumwenda),
B - kuzinga rinini kuri ingaragu,
B - Kuzimya Rigid kabiri,
G - gusubizwa byose,
D - Gukuramo
Ibisabwa kubamo amazu bihinduka hamwe nimpinduka zibera mumuryango, mugihe rero wongeyeho inzu cyangwa kubaka akazu, ni ngombwa kuzimya amahitamo atandukanye nta rwikekwe mukarere kagutse, nyamukuru igishoro cyo mu mashanyarazi no kugaragara. Ubwiherero nintambwe birashobora kugira ahantu hahamye, kandi guhinduka mubibanza bisigaye birashoboka kubera kwimura hahagarare cyangwa ukoresheje agace katandukanye cyangwa kazaganirwaho muriyi ngingo.
Bitandukanye na abashoramari batwara inkuta, ibice birimo gusuzugura, cyangwa ahubwo, kwitoza kwiyobora. Bashyizwe ku masahani ashimangiwe, aho ariho hose kandi akaba ari yo korohereza iyo ari yo yose, byujuje ibisabwa n'imbaraga no kurwanya imbaraga za mashini (urugero, biba mu nzu yo mu nzu), bihuye ku butegetsi bw'ibikorwa. Rero, ukurikije amahame y'isuku n'isuku, icyifuzo cy'ingenzi ku bwiherero, ubwiherero, kurwanya ibikoni byo mu gikoni, kubura umwobo ugira uruhare mu gaciro n'udukoko.
Ibitandukanya mu kazuko hamwe n'amagorofa mubisanzwe bikozwe mubikoresho birwanya umuriro (kugeza byibuze 0.25h). Ibibanza byindogobe bifite itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hejuru ya 10c (kurugero, mugihe utandukanya tambura kuva imbere) igomba kugira ubushyuhe bumwe.
Ubwoko bw'ibice
Kugerwaho - Hanze kandi uhindure.Ukurikije ibishushanyo, kimwe na mugwiro.
Nk'uko uburyo bwo kubaka, umubare munini (akanama, ubunini mu cyumba, kidasanzwe mu kazu), kanini, monolithic.
Ukurikije ibintu - amatafari, avuye mu mabuye y'ububari n'amabuye, ibicana (beto, gypsum, ibiti, ibiti, ku kibaho), uhereye ku kirahure.
Kubijyanye na inter-anoza ibice, ubushobozi bwumvikana ni 45-50 db. Ifite inzego zihagaze kumurongo, gupima 150-250 kg / m2. Isano yoroheje-urwego (IskyrPich, yashyizwe "ku nkombe", imbaho, ibibaho, ibipimo bya mm 65-100. Ijwi rifite amajwi mato (30-40 db) kandi ukurikize gusa nkinkike zimbere mu nzu.
Rimwe na rimwe, kurugero, itandukaniro riri hagati yicyumba, igikoni no mucyumba cyo kuriramo kirakorwa neza ku gufungura cyangwa ibyuma bisobanutse cyangwa inkoni y'ibiti, ntabwo ari uburebure bwose bwicyumba gifite inkuta zumucyo.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko amajwi acukura cyane atari mu nyubako rusange, ahubwo ni inzego z'ibikoresho byinshi bitandukanijwe na gasket 40-60mm, bihwanye no kwiyongera muri misa yigice-kimwe kuri 100 kg / m2. Ariko, inzego nkizo zisaba amafaranga yo mu murimo wo mu rwego rwo hejuru bityo rero mu kazu gakoreshwa kenshi.
Abacanwa bashimangiwe bakunze gukoreshwa mu nyubako zo guturamo bagenewe umutwaro wa 300 na 400 kg / m2, bituma babashyiraho amatafari hamwe n'ubunini bwa 120mm. Kugirango utezimbere ubuziranenge bwabo, umubare wubwubatsi urakenewe: Ibice bisabwa (byose ariko uhindukire) bigomba kwishingikiriza kubishushanyo mbonera byamagorofa kandi ntakintu na kimwe cyo kweza hasi kandi ntari ngombwa kugirango ushikame kurwego rwa Shingiro, bitarenze ibyo bizagaragara muri bo. Urebye hamwe hejuru yimbaho yibiti igikoresho cyo kugabana kigomba gutekerezwa neza.
Ibice mubiciro byapimwe, gukora ubuhamya no gukoresha ibikoresho biri mumwanya wa gatatu nyuma yinkuta, amagorofa, amagorofa. Agace kabo gaha ahantu hifashijwe kabiri, ibiciro byibikoresho bigera kuri 8-10% byigiciro cyose cyurugukari, no kubaka hafi 15%. Kubwibyo, kugabanuka mubunini nuburemere bwimiterere (mugihe ukomeje kwinjiza amajwi akenewe), ubworoherane no koroshya kwishyiriraho, bikenewe kugirango witondere mugihe uhitamo ubwoko bwibice.
Amatafari. Ibice bihagaze ni gakondo, bitandukanye cyane na gake ugereranije ni uguhindura, mubihe byinshi bikozwe mumatafari (kimwe nindi bikoresho byo hanze) cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bito. Inzego nkizo ziroroshye mu musaruro, gira imitungo myiza yumuriro, ifite imitungo yuzuye, mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho ubushuhe ntibisaba uburyo bwo gukurura uburyo bwo guterura kandi bushobora kugira imiterere (urukiramende cyangwa Curvilinear), nibyingenzi murwego rwimbere cy'akazu ka kijyambere. Ibitandukanya mubisanzwe bihindagurika kumpande zombi, gukubita witonze, kwitegura gushushanya cyangwa kwambuka hamwe na wallpaper. Kuva kuruhande rwibibanza bifite ubushuhe bukabije, nibyifuzo byo kunyerera kuburebure bwose (cyangwa munsi ya cm 180) hamwe namabati ya ceramic, andi maganya yubushuhe cyangwa amabati yavuzwe haruguru, emul-amazi yavuzwe haruguru.
Kugabanya uburemere bwurukuta rutari ubusa, ni byiza gukoresha amatafari meza cyangwa ubwiherero, ubwiherero, ubwiherero, ibikoni, gusa uburebure bwuzuye butukura (
Mu nyubako nini nini, amatafari ni 65mm umubyimba. Kugirango bongere umutekano, bagomba gushimangirwa bihagaritse kandi batambitse, bashiraho selile ya 5255mm5mm. Ibikoresho biri muri kontour bya selile zishyirwa mu gushimangira: haba ibyuma bikaba hamwe nigice cyambukiranya 225mm, cyangwa inkoni ebyiri hamwe na diameter ya mm 4-6. Ibice byingenzi bigera ku 1.5m hamwe nubunini bwa 65mm bikozwe gusa muri kashe ya horizontal gusa binyuze mumatafari abiri cyangwa itatu yamatafari.
Inzego z'imbere 120mm z'ubunini zifite uburebure bwa 5m zirenze 500 zisabwa kongera kugarura ibyuma bya bande buri murongo wa gatandatu w'ubutadodo. Impera yo gushimangira ifitanye isano nibishushanyo nyamukuru byinyubako, irira inkuta, cyangwa ifunga no kwizirika kurukuta, amato.
Abasimbuka hejuru yumuryango wibice birashobora kurengana nubwo utubatswe neza cyangwa gushimangira ninkoni yicyuma. Iyo igikoresho cyo gutandukanya inzego, ibintu binini bikoreshwa, urugero, gypsum beto, beto bifatika, ibipimo byayo, ubugari bwa metero 2500 kugeza 1200m nuburebure ya 400mm kugeza 2.5-3.1m nubwinshi buva kuri45 kugeza 80- 100mm. Ihindagurika ryinshi kuva 40 kugeza 80-120 kg. Ubusanzwe amasahani yashyizwe kumurongo umwe kandi yanduye yabandike hamwe nibindi bikoresho byo kurangiza, kurugero, amakaramu. Kuruhande rwuruhande runyurane, iyo, mugihe hashyizweho, imibonano yuzuyemo pertar pertar.
Ihagaze ku muryango w'amaguru mu bice bivuye ku sahani bigomba kunyuramo, mosa kuva hasi kugeza ku gisenge. Imbere mu cyerekezo, urashobora gusaba gushushanya inkoni y'ibiti, indorerwamo, amanika, n'ibindi byahagaritswe ku mugozi.
Mu myaka yashize, ibigo byinshi byo kubaka no kwigomeka bitanga ibice byimikino byashizwemo na beto, byumye, nibindi. Imbaho ndende kuva hasi (2,5-3.0 m), ubugari bwa 200mm nibindi byinshi, 80-100 mm. Ibintu byabuze (n'ubugari bw'icyumba, ntabwo ari ubugari bwinshi bw'ikibaho) bwaciwe kuva ibyingenzi, byangiritse, gariyamoshi, inguni, ifumbire. Iyi panels, yateranijwe byoroshye mubice, gira ibara rya gamut nini, komeza ugurishe hamwe nubuso bwiteguye kwigana marble, ibiti byimbuto zitandukanye nibindi bikoresho. Ibigo byemeza kuramba kwabo no koroshya ubwitonzi. Yagiye mu rutonde ruto no guhinduranya slab ni kimwe, kandi igipimo cy'ibipimo byo kubaka ubukungu.
Twabibutsa ko mumazu yigihugu umubare wibintu mubisanzwe bibaho rimwe mu gice kirenze amazu yo mumijyi. Kubwibyo, gukoresha ibikoresho bya Septum-igice bigize akamaro.
Ingingo zose zingingo numwobo mubice nyuma yo kwizihiza isuku, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bigomba gushyirwaho kashe, kandi kuva mu cyuho (amabuye y'agaciro. ifuro. Jade Uruhande rwimbere rwurukuta rwubatswe ni rwiyerekana hanze hamwe nigisubizo cyimbitse ya mm 20-30.
Impande zibice zigomba gukemurwa kurukuta hamwe nigisenge zifashishijwe imitekerereze idasanzwe yicyuma, yashyizwe mu kashe y'imyenda iri hagati y'ibisate birenganye. Igisubizo c'amahuriro cyatsinze ni ikigo cy'ibice mubyimbye cyinkuta, aho imirongo (ibyiciro) yimbitse ya mm 60 isigaye inyuma cyangwa imirongo itanu ya Masonry. Ihemu hagati yumuryango kandi igice gitwikiriwe na platrind. Witondere ko Plinths ifatanye gusa kugirango igabanye gusa.
Ibiti Mugihe kigezweho, zikoreshwa cyane cyane muri logi, zirabangikanye, zikingira amazu yimbaho nubutaka bwo mu busitani. Mubisanzwe, imiterere nkiyi ingenzi yakozwe ahazubakwa mubwubatsi bugizwe na bibiri (rimwe na rimwe hagati yimbeba, imyanda ishyushye kandi ishyushye kandi ihagaze neza, Pergamine ( ntigomba gukoreshwa gusa cyangwa kwiruka bitumen bikubiye muri bo bitanga impumuro ikomeye, cyane cyane mu cyi). Kugirango wongere imbaraga zo kugabanuka, igice kimwe cyimbaho gifite uburebure bwa mm 900-1200 hamwe nubwinshi bwa mm 40-50 yashizwemo inyeganyega, ikindi ku mpande za 45-90. Ubugari bw'izo nkinzo ni MM 500-1000, uburebure bungana n'intera iri hagati ya etage n'igisenge, kuzirikana icyumba cyo hejuru ku rukuta rw'inzu no kutagira aho bihuriye n'inzego.
Kunywa ubukungu bwibibazo bya SAW BEWBER, bigizwe no gukabya kwambitse, racks na trim. Igiti cyimbaho hamwe nigice cyambukiranya 50 (60) 80 (100) cyashyizwe kuri mm ya 500-1200 uhereye kuwundi (ukurikije ibikoresho nubunini bwa casing) kandi bihujwe no hepfo kandi Kwangiza hejuru yigice kimwe cyambukiranya imitwe cyangwa imisumari. Ikadiri kuva impande zombi irakize hamwe na 25mm (clapboard) cyangwa ibindi bikoresho: plywood, omwood, ibinyabuzima, plaque) plaster, nibindi byumye) plaster, nibindi. Abashyitsi, amabati ya plastery (niba badafitanye isano nigiciro cyinshi) byoroshye kandi birashobora kuguma imisumari nabi. Ibiti bitandukanijwe hamwe na wallpaper cyangwa byandujwe kumpande zombi.
Inzego zishobora gutanga ubwitonzi bwumvikana (kugeza 30 db) nubushyuhe bwingabo, wuzuze icyuho hagati ya trim hanyuma ucike intege, ibirango byinteko ya lime cyangwa ibyapa byoroheje byinjira. Kugira ngo wirinde imvura ishoboka nyuma ya mm 400-600, ibice bya horizontal y'ibikoresho byinshi (aperture) bitondekwa ku burebure bw'imigabane (aperture), urugero, bivuye ku gisubizo cyo gushimangira. Ibice nibyiza biherereye cyangwa bikambuka. Mu rubanza hakiri kare, utubari duto (ruggers) dushyirwa hagati y'ibiti, bihagarikwa ku curiro.
Hariho ubundi bwoko bw '"inkuta zo gutandukana", nko kubabaji, kubera ingabo zikomeye cyangwa veneer veneer, inyamanswa nziza, impeta yimbaho, ibyuma birimo ibirahure. Bakoreshwa mubyumba aho kwinjiza amajwi meza bidasabwa, ariko umwanya wingenzi wumwanya wumwanya.
Ibice nk'ibikoresho. Ubwoko bwihariye ni icyumba cyo guhindura ibice hamwe nimboga, ibice. Bashobora gushyirwaho hose munzu haba mugihe cyo kubaka kandi mugihe cyo guhindura cyangwa gusana akazu. Inkuta nini z'ibinyoma zifite inkoni zo kubika ibintu ndetse no mu nzu. Umwanya hasi kuri Celiking Imbere Igishushanyo nubushobozi bwingirakamaro, kugirango icyumba gisukurwa mubikoresho bisanzwe: igituza gitandukanye cyikurura, isanduku. Gukoresha ibice n'amashami by'akatsi biratandukanye cyane: ku myenda, imyenda, amavalisi, amavalisi, amasahani, ibitabo; Imbonerahamwe ya Filk, Abanyamabanga, utubari twa Chervante, ibitanda, ibitanda, byoroshye cyane mubyumba byabana birashobora gushirwa muri byo. Igiciro cyiki gice ni inshuro eshatu kurenza agaciro k'ibisanzwe, ariko cyane.
Ubunini bwibigize nkibi - ariko mubisanzwe kumyenda, LIGEN - 60CM, kubiryo, bikundwa na cm na kimwe cya kabiri. Bikunzwe na CM hamwe nubufasha bwo gufatanya imigozi n'inzaru.
Mu myaka yashize, imyenda yononosora nziza yabaye ikwirakwira, kandi uburebure hasi kugeza ku gisenge, aho aho gufungura ibintu bisanzwe (imbere yabo birakenewe kugira umwanya munini wicyumba) Impingavu ya slish (kunyerera) idasaba kare. Birashobora kuba bikwiriye inkuta zombi zidahinduka.
Ibice hamwe na cabinets na Wardrobes nibyiza kuberako bashobora kwakirwa ahantu hose munzu, kwimuka, gutanga imiterere mishya yinzu hakurikijwe imiryango yahinduwe mumuryango. Ibitekerezo bitandukanijwe birashobora gutandukana mubipimo, nkuko byakusanyirizwa hamwe muburyo bwa modular kandi ni ibikoresho byose byubatswe. Nibintu byiza cyane byo gushya kw'imbere.
Wizere cyane ubwoko butandukanye bwo guhindura ibice: kunyerera, gusubirwamo, bikubye byoroshye, bikabije. Bakoreshwa mugutandukana by'agateganyo (cyangwa kuzamuka) by'ibyumba, nk'ibyumba byo kubaho, kurya cyangwa salle; Umunsi umwe, nimugoroba kandi nijoro birashobora kugabanywamo ibyumba.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyoroshye kandi cyoroshye - Byoroshye cyangwa gukomera cyangwa gushushanya byahindutse mumpande imwe cyangwa impande zombi kugeza ku bugari bwose cyangwa igice cyicyumba. Mubisanzwe bikozwe mu ruhu rw'ubukorikori, firime ya plastike n'ibindi bikoresho byoroheje, bikomezwa no guswera ibiti by'amashyamba (umusaraba wo kuva kuri 2040 kugeza 3580m). Bahagarikwa kumpera yo hejuru ku murongo uhuriweho bagenda imbere mu gice cy'imyenda-plastiki cyangwa ibiti. Kugirango wongere igikomere, kwemeza kimwe cyo kuzinga kugabanuka mumpera yo hepfo yimodoka, ibyuma "byinjijwe mubuyobozi hasi rimwe na rimwe byinjizwamo. Igomba kuvamo imirongo y'ibyuma cyangwa inguni hanyuma ukore mm ifunganye (3.5). Uburebure bwiki gishushanyo bugera kuri 3m, kandi uburebure ni 1.5-3 m. Ifishi yateguwe ntabwo ifata mm irenze 600 muburebure na 200m mubugari.
Ibice bikomeye byibice ni ingaragu (byose kugeza kuri2.5m) no gukuba kabiri (ot8m), imyenda ya pulasitike, mm ya plastike cyangwa ibipfamatwi cyangwa vertical piyano piyano Kuzenguruka cyangwa nomero yuruhu, ubwuzu. Bafite umuvuduko wo hejuru cyangwa uri hasi uri hagati ya buri ngabo nyamukuru, zibafasha kuzunguruka mugihe utwaye. Hejuru ya EDGES, EMUVE TUME TEMI yashizwemo, zifatanije nintoki, nibiba ngombwa, gufunga no kuzunguruka.
Birakwiye cyane gukoresha impinduka zigezweho (nka sash muri wardrobe). Mubisanzwe bicwa ukwabo, kumigenzo yose yo kugabana, 800mm z'ubugari n'ibindi mu ndege yacyo, ni ukuvuga kumurongo ugororotse. Ukurikije aho abamugaye, ibice bitandukanijwe nahagaritswe (hejuru) hanyuma bivuga (hepfo). Amaherezo, abayobora bakozwe mu igorofa (hafi 50mm). Nyuma yo gufungura, gufunga - groove nibyiza gushyira by'agateganyo gari ya gari ya moshi ikongerera hasi. Hamwe nibishushanyo bito (bigufi), abakunzi barashobora gufungwa na reberi yijimye ishyushye munsi yumurongo wo hasi.
Ibikorwa bya composite bimuka bibangikanya kuri buriwese kuri abayobora no muri leta yiziritse abitswe muri Cassette idasanzwe ya Phenlah.