Ibikoresho byubushyuhe: ibyiza nibibi byibikoresho bitandukanye, murwego rwo gusaba, urwego rwubushyuhe.
Vuba aha, inyandiko nshya zishinzwe kugenzura kuzigama ubushyuhe kandi mugihe cyo kuvugurura imiturire no muri serivisi za komini zishyingurwa nihame ryo kwishyura bidafite ubushyuhe. Niyo mpamvu kwinjiza ikirere byinyubako zo guturamo bihinduka kimwe mubibazo byingenzi byo kubaka.
Ibikoresho byubushuhe byubushyuhe bigabanyijemo amatsinda manini:
Ikirahuri na fiberglass;
Ubwonko bw'amabuye y'agaciro;
Polymers yuzuye gaze (Foam): Polystyrene na Polystyrene na Polyurethane na Polyethane na Polyethane, Polyethylene, Polyethylene, Polyester, uhereye kuri Fenol Foam;
Kwinjiza mu bushyuhe n'ibikoresho bya kamere n'ibicuruzwa byo gutunganya (traffic jam, ibice by'inyamanswa, impapuro, n'ibindi);
Imiti yubushyuhe ninzego;
Betopre yahinduwe: beto ya selile (beto yifuro), Polystyrene Baon;
Ubushyuhe bushingiye kuri reberi ya synthetic;
Gusunika ubushyuhe mu myanda ya silicon.
Hafi ya 240mln yakoreshejwe mu gushyushya mu gihugu cyacu. Toni ya lisansi isa. Iyi ni 20% byibikoresho byose byo gukoresha ingufu
Mbere ya byose, umubare wuburyo bwiza Ibirahuri n'ibikoresho by'amayobera Umugabane wacyo mu gukora ubushyuhe mu myaka yashize ni 40-60%. Ibyiza byabo ni firehiof, kurwanya imiti, ubunini buhamye, kwinjiza ahantu hato hamwe nibintu byiza-bikurura amajwi. Bimaze igihe kinini kizwi cyane ku musaruro wo murugo, nubwo, bidahwitse, bihutira, bidahuye nigice cyihariye cyo hanze cyangwa kubijyanye no gutura. Saba amazi yikirahure kugirango ibizwe aho atuye ntibishoboka, ariko niba bimaze gukorwa, bigomba kuba kwitandukanya rwose mucyumba ubwacyo.
Ikigereranyo cyibikoresho byikigereranyo
| Ubwoko bwibikoresho byo kwikuramo | Inkuta | Igisenge | Hasi | Igisenge | Fondasiyo, cocoln. hasi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INDIRIMO | Hanze | Imbere | Masonry (urwego ruciriritse) | Ibice bitatu | |||||
| Fiberglass na fiberglass Ursa, isover | +. | +. | +. | +. | - | +. | +. | +. | - |
| Millralovate | +. | +. | +. | +. | - | +. | +. | +. | - |
| Prestimal yaguye Polystyrene PSB | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. | - | |
| Intambara idasanzwe Polystyrene Foam | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. |
| Foil polythylene Foam | +. | +. | +. | - | - | +. | +. | +. | +. |
| Corkboard corkboard | +. | +. | +. | - | - | - | +. | - | - |
| Impapuro fleouth makron. | +. | +. | +. | - | +. | +. | +. | - | |
| Amashaza-Ubuntu "Geicar" | +. | +. | +. | +. | - | - | +. | +. | - |
| Kubeshya beam beto | +. | +. | +. | - | - | - | +. | +. | - |
| Polystyrevbeton Niizb | +. | +. | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Ukurikije reberi ya synthetic (*) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kuva mu myanda ya silicon | +. | +. | +. | - | - | +. | +. | +. | +. |
*.
Noneho insumire nziza yubushyuhe ihagarariwe cyane ku isoko ryu Burusiya. Ibikoresho biva muri fiberglass Abakora amahanga benshi b'abanyamahanga n'abashinzwe kurega. Ibi bikoresho birahenze cyane, ariko hamwe nabo byoroshye kandi byoroshye, kandi ingenzi cyane, ni byiza gukora. Ohereza umurongo ukeneye kuvuga abakora ibintu bibiri binini byibikoresho byubushuhe. Isoveroy (Finlande) ni ishami rinini ryikirahure kandi gishaje cyane mukirahure ku isi bireba Utagatifu- Gobain (Ubufaransa). Isoveroy itanga ikirahure C1941G. kandi niwe wabikoze cyane wo kubaka ubushyuhe muri Finlande (Gucuruza Werurwe Isover ) na acoustic ( Akusto. ) Ibikoresho. Umusaruro wumwaka ukina urusimbi urenga toni 40000. Iyi sosiyete nimwe mubatanga ibicuruzwa binini byibikoresho byubushyuhe mu Burusiya.
Gukora fibreglass bibaho hafi 1500. Ikirahure cyashongeshejwe kikandamijwe mumasahani hamwe nimwobo hamwe na diameter ya mito 4-5. Ibirahure byikirahure bivamo ubunini bwa 6micron, niyihe m20 iri munsi yubunini bwumusatsi wumuntu. Noneho, kugirango ubasukure hagati yabo, bunders idasanzwe yatewe kuri aerosol. Mubusa bwikirahure bwavuyemo, ibicuruzwa byibyifuzo byifuzwa nubucucike butera kwivuza burabumba. Ku bushyuhe bwa 250 ° C, ubunini bwa bunder bubaho, kandi ibikoresho bibonekeraniga bikenewe. Mugihe kimwe, ibikoresho bitandukanye byugarije ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa hejuru yibikoresho: impapuro za Kraft, Aluminium Foil, ibikoresho bya fiberglass, ibikoresho byoherejwe, nibindi
Ibikoresho bya fiberglass mu rugo bikorerwa muburyo bwa rolls (101,6 m na 50mm z'ubugari) munsi yitsinda "Termavoyozol" (Ihanishwa. = 0.036 W / (MK).
Vuba aha, amarushanwa manini ni "ibuye", kandi mubyukuri nkibikoresho bimenyerewe byihuta. Basalt, Wats rockwool. (Danemark) na Paroc ya Parksi (Finlande). Ibi nibidukikije bikabije bishingiye ku bidukikije hamwe n'umutungo utanga amazi, ariko icyarimwe imyuka - iragaragara. Mu buryo bwo guhinga ubushyuhe, ibikoresho bya basalt biruta uruhinja, ariko, barahenze cyane. Ibi bikoresho bivuga itsinda ryabatiyongereye. Ibicuruzwa byubushyuhe bikozwe muri polymers cyangwa impapuro mumuriro bitwikwa muminota 5. Ubushyuhe bukozwe mu rubyiruko rw'ikirahure ku bushyuhe bwa 650c, bumaze kugerwaho nko mu minota 7 hamwe n'umuriro usanzwe wo mu mandoro, ushonga kandi ucumura mu mupira w'ikirahure. Noneho, ubwoya bwa minisiteri yubunamibiro bushingiye kuri basalle ntabwo burashonga kandi ntikazatakaza imiterere no ku bushyuhe bwa 1000c.
Ibirahure nibikoresho byo kwikuramo ibihure bifite umutekano kubikorwa no gukoresha ingingo kubukoranabuhanga bwakazi busabwa
Urutare rwa rockwool nuwo umuyobozi wisi mugukora kubaka no kwigunga tekinike ashingiye ku "ibuye".
Bumwe mu bwoko bwiza bwo kwishinyagurira - polymers yuzuye gaze. Ibisanzwe kandi bikoreshwa cyane muri byo ni Polyfoam (Polystyrene Foam) . Kugabanuka ubushyuhe hamwe nubusa bwaka ntabwo ari imbogamizi mugihe ubikoresha muburyo bwuzuye hamwe na beto cyangwa amatafari.
Ifuro ya Polystyrene ikorwa nuburyo bwibanze (gakondo muburusiya), cyangwa uburyo bwo hejuru bwateye imbere imyaka irenga 30 ishize basf impungenge (Ubudage).
Coefficient yimikorere yubushyuhe, nikimenyetso nyamukuru cyimitungo yo kwishura mu bushyuhe bwibikoresho, biterwa cyane nibikubiyemo, buri ijanisha ryayo rigabanya iyi soefificuri na 4%. Byongeye kandi, mu gihe cy'itumba, uhari mubushuhe bwa polystyrene Plams, gukonjesha no guhindukirira urubura, buhoro buhoro bitandukanya ibikoresho kuri granules kugiti cye, bigabanya cyane kuramba cyane.
Tekinike yibipimo byibikoresho bifatika
| Ubwoko bw'amakuba | Coefficient yumurongo wubushyuhe, w / (MK) |
|---|---|
| PartAde Panel Polyalpan. | 0.02. |
| Ikirere | 0,022 |
| Polyurene Foolder | 0,025 |
| STYRIsol (yagutse polystyrene) | 0,027 |
| Hasi-e (ashyuha fenofolgic) | 0,027 |
| Raroc (ubwoya bwa basalt) | 0.035 |
| Rockwool (ubwoya bwa basalt) | 0.035 |
| Polyeneetylene PPE-R 3010 | 0.035 |
| Guhuza rolls linoterm | 0.036 |
| Isover (ibendera) | 0.038. |
| Nobasil (ubwoya bwa basalt) | 0.039 |
| "Penosole" (Foam) | 0.04. |
| Corkboard corkboard | 0.042. |
| Ursa (Umwuzure) | 0.044. |
| Kuringaniza (Impapuro) makron | 0,046. |
| Dekwall (cork insulation) | 0.047. |
| Ceramics | 0.07 |
| Amashaza-Ubuntu "Geicar" | 0.07 |
| Asfalt | 0.1. |
| Ubushyuhe bwo kwirinda ingirabuzimafatizo | 0.12. |
| Inkwi zikomeye | 0.25. |
| Umucanga wumye | 0,3. |
| Neasavoclave Beto | 0.45 |
| Fibrocement | 0.55 |
| Amatafari asekeje | 0,7. |
Izi makosa zirateganijwe Intambara idasanzwe Polystyrene Foam . Kugira amazi make cyane (munsi ya0.3%) kubera imiterere ya gifunze nimbaraga nyinshi zamashanyarazi Polystyrene, kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi bwimibare yinyubako, urufatiro, Urukuta rwogati, aho gukoresha ibindi byinshi bidashoboka ko capillary yo guterura amazi yubutaka. Ku isoko ry'Uburusiya, inyongeramuco nyinshi yahagarariwe na Basf ihangayikishijwe na basf (Ubudage) munsi ya Sranganda Stirodur (Kompl. = 0.027.03.030 w / (MK).
Ariko ibikoresho byubushuhe bwa polymer ntabwo bigarukira gusa muri fibre ya polystyrene. Bimaze igihe kinini bizwi, bigufasha icyarimwe gukemura ibibazo bya TERMO-, ijwi no gutanga amazi. Ni Yazimye polyethylene ifuro (PPE) . Ikorerwa mu Burusiya imyaka irenga 10 (tu 6-55-26-89E) n'urubanza rw'abubatsi munsi y'imigabane ya Ppe - p na PETS-RL N'Imisatsi ". Intera nini igufasha guhitamo neza ibikenewe. PPE itanga ubunini butandukanye: kuva kumabati yoroheje kugeza ubugororangingo (kuva kuri 24 kugeza kuri mm) kandi bitangwa mubudozi buva kuri0.5 kugeza kuri 1.5 kugeza 200m. Ibi bikoresho bifite umutekano rwose kubuzima kandi, cyane cyane ibinyabuzima. Kubera ko PPE ifite imiterere ifunze, ntabwo yakoresheje ubuhehere kandi mugihe ikoresheje, urwego rwinyongera rwikirenga ntigisabwa. Ku isoko ry'Uburusiya Noneho hariho ibicuruzwa bisa byamahanga, ariko, birahenze cyane.
Icyubahiro cyingenzi nubwo buryo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho ibikoresho byumuriro: bifatanye nurukuta ukoresheje strippler. Nkibibi, birakwiye ko tumenya ko aya makuba ari imyuka rwose na gaze - gusoma, i.e. Icyumba kireka "guhumeka" kandi, niba atari ubw'umwuka, urashobora guhura ningaruka za THERMOS cyangwa Greenhouse.
Ibikoresho byo kwishyuza ubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe bufite ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 0.06 W / (Mk) Kwishura mumyaka 5-7 yo gukora kubera kuzigama ingufu.
Irindi tsinda rishimishije cyane Ubushyuhe bukozwe mubikoresho bisanzwe nibicuruzwa byo gutunganya . Kongera ibikoresho byo kwishyurwa byakozwe mu mpapuro hamwe na statust, perlite hamwe nabandi bibuga hamwe numwuka. Guterwa nibintu kugirango ugabanye ibintu byifashe neza, AntiPirens gutanga ibikoresho byibintu bitarenze na antiseptics, ibikoresho nkibi kandi birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ugere ku rukuta rw'imbere n'imbere, agace. Ibikoresho bitangwa nka eco-amazi cyangwa muburyo bwa panels.
Ibikoresho byumwimerere yubushyuhe byateguwe mumujyi wa Khezhetsky Intara. Amashaza-Ubuntu "Geicar" . Iherereye mu rukuta rw'inyuma, guhagarika (0.510,250.88m) zirashobora kwihanganira imitwaro ya toni 8-12, kandi imitungo yo kwishyuza urukuta rwa 0.5m ihuye n'amatafari hamwe n'ubunini bwa 2.2 m (Graft. = 0.078 w / (Mk). Kandi icyubahiro ntigitagira igiti kidasubirwaho ni ugusukura ibidukikije.
Ubushyuhe bushya bwo mubushyuhe ni Amasahani na Rolls kuva Cork . Ibikoresho bikozwe mu kimenyetso cyo hanze cya cortex ya cork cork igiti cya Mediterane. Ibicuruzwa bikozwe mu muyoboro uzengurutse ufite isura nziza, bagirana ubucuti bushimishije kandi bakoreshwa mu rwego rwo kwishyurwa mu gihugu, cyane cyane inkuta, mu gihe bakora imikorere yo gushushanya. Cork ikunze gukoreshwa mugusuzuma amagorofa. Ingabo zubushyuhe bwubushyuhe zirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugusura ingendo ninkuta zinyuma.
Dukeneye kuvuga O. Ubushyuhe bwihariye bwo kubaka ubushyuhe , nk '"Inzu ishyushye", "Fassolite", urukuta rwa Isposterm, ku byerekeye urukuta rwa Sandwich (PolyalPan, Pollaum, n'ibindi) no kuri "TheRomour" ).
Noneho, natangiye kwigana urugo rwawe, ufite amahirwe meza yo guhitamo no gukoresha ibyo bikoresho byo kwishyurwa neza bikwiranye no gukemura ibibazo bigushimishije.
Ibipimo bya tekiniki byibirahure hamwe namacumbiya yubwoya bwogosha
| Uruganda rukora | Ibikoresho | Brand / Reba | Coefficient yumurongo wubushyuhe, w / (MK) | Igiciro, $ / M2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isover (Finlande) | Amazi yikirahure | KT-11 / Roll | 0.041-0.036 | Kuva 2. |
| Ct / umuzingo | 0.041-0.036 | |||
| KL / Amashyiga | 0.041-0.0333333 | |||
| Kl-a / isahani | 0.041-0.0333333 | |||
| Ursa (Uburusiya-Ubudage) | Amazi yikirahure | M-11; M-15; | Kuva 3. | |
| M-17 / Roll | 0.046-0.044 | |||
| P-15; P-17 / Isahani | 0.046-0.044 | |||
| Paroc (Finlande) | Basalt Wat. | Il / amashyiga | 0,0365 | Kuva 6. |
| A-il / isahani | 0,0335 | |||
| Im / kuzunguruka | 0,0365 | |||
| Rockwool (Danemark) | Basalt Wat. | Flexix bathts / isahani | 0.035 | Kuva 5. |
| Bets-42, -40, -48 / Isahani | 0.035-0.03033 | |||
| -80; -100; -160 / Amashyiga | 0.035-0.03033 | |||
| Rollbats / umuzingo | 0.036 |