Ibyifuzo byo guhitamo abasuhuza intoki kugirango babone ibikoresho bitandukanye, kwikuramo amenyo, inama zingirakamaro.
Urukurikirane
Gukaraba hamwe na dosiye:
Turttsev yoroheje ikiganza:
a) hacksaw hamwe na arti yose,
b) kunywa hamwe nitorero
c) yabonye ibikoresho byimpapuro
d) Lobzik yabonye,
e) Ibiribwa byabonye,
e) Shoaky yabonye,
g) yabonye
h) kubyemera
Iyo ukoresheje ibikoresho byingufu bihenze cyangwa bidashoboka kubera kubura amashanyarazi, cyangwa biteje akaga hamwe nubwikunde bwinshi, ugomba kwibuka kubyerekeye ukuboko gusanzwe yabonye ...
Itandukaniro kandi rikomeza kunoza ibikoresho by'ingufu z'amashanyarazi - amashanyarazi yagerwaho, amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, koroshya kuvura ibiti kandi bigabanya cyane imbaraga z'umubiri. Birahagije guhuza igikoresho kumurongo cyangwa bateri kandi nta mbaraga nyinshi kugirango wohereze kuruhande rwifuzwa mugihe cyo gukora akazi. Iri joro mu manza aho wakoresha ibikoresho byingufu bihenze cyangwa bidashoboka kubera kubura amashanyarazi, cyangwa guteza akaga hamwe nubushuhe buke, bugomba kwibukwa kubikoresho bisanzwe byifashishwa.
Gato kubyerekeye amagambo. Mu myuga yombi, umubaji n'umubaji bazahitamo icya mbere, nyuma yo gutongana ko Chekhov Luka alexandrych, asobanura igituza cye: "Wowe, igituza, ikiremwa gifatika kandi kitarakira. Umuntu ni kimwe numubaji arwanya umubaji ... "
Gukorana nigikoresho cyintoki, birumvikana, bigoye kuruta amashanyarazi, kuko ukeneye kugira umwanya wo kubishyira mubikorwa imitsi hamwe nigihe kimwe ukoresheje tekinike yumwuga nubuhanga bwumwuga. Ariko, hamwe nubuhanga runaka, ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byarangiye ntabwo bibabara na gato. Ingero zizerera mugihe ukora igikoresho cyintoki ntabwo ari ingirakamaro kuruta amasomo muri siporo.
Bumwe mu bwoko busanzwe bwibikoresho byintoki nigitabo kiboneka muri buri rugo kandi bisa nkuzi byose. Ariko, abakora nka Sutani Sandvik, Stanley Stanley, Ikidage Stabila na Konex, muri Fenike, Izhevsky Novosibirsk ikomeje kunoza ibisumbano no kubiha isoko ryacu.
Bike kubijyanye n'amagambo. Kuvuga ibisubizo byo gukora nk'ibisubizo, mu buvanganyiga mu rugo, termivati eshatu zingana zikoreshwa, kandi wacukuwe kandi propyl. Ikintu cyigihugu kiranga umuzi rusange w'aya magambo imbere ya prefix iyo ari yo yose itera imbere amashyirahamwe yo ku ruhande. Biragaragara rero ko ijambo rya mbere ryatoranijwe muburusiya bwikirusiya hack, nkicyizere cyane.
Amategeko nyamukuru yo guhitamo intambwe yo amenyo
Babonye biroroshye niba icyarimwe icyarimwe byibuze amenyo 8-10.Sama hamwe n'amenyo nini vuba, ariko, inkombe yo gukata ihimwe kimwe, hamwe n'ikibindi kubera kunyeganyega bivuka ku mubare udahagije wa Amenyo.
Igikoresho gifite amenyo mato ahita gahoro kubera ibintu bigoye gukuraho ibirayi bivuye mu gitabarwa, ariko icyarimwe akabatizwa ni isuku.
Hamwe na senmaker ihinduranya ibiti binini bya fibre biroroshye gukoresha iryinyo rinini cyangwa hamwe na TPI = 7-3.5 (3,5-6.5 mm) hamwe na TPI = 9-7 (t = 3-3.5mm), iryinyo ryuzuye-irangi cyangwa hamwe na TPI = 13-9 (2-Mm), hanyuma, kubikorwa byiza bya ultra- TPI = 16-13 (t = 1.5-2 mm) ndetse na TPI = 19 (t = 1.25mm).
Kugirango ukoreshe neza imitsi yimitsi, yicaye hamwe ninyo nini igomba kuba ndende-550-650mm, canvas ifite uburebure bwa 450-550mm, hamwe na 350m-kugeza kuri 350mm.
Buri wese ufite amenyo muri stroke imwe ya canvas yaciwe mubintu ku burebure bwayo, buhoro buhoro ikora ubujyakuzimu. Gukata fibre yibikoresho, abaheza bagomba kuba bafite ibyuma bikarishye bikarishye hamwe na dosiye, gusya uruziga cyangwa uruziga. Niba ibyo ubona bidashoboka, biroroshye gutunganya dosiye ifite igice cya croundalar cyangwa rombic.
Ingano y'inyo ikiganza yabonye kandi igira ingaruka ku mikorere ndetse no koroshya kandi bigereranywa n'intambwe itoroshye, bipimwa mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bidashoboka nko mu Burusiya. Unis yerekana inyuguti t no gupima vmm nkintera iri hagati yinyo n'futo yegeranye (kurugero, t = 2.5mm). Mubijyanye n'ibihugu, bisobanurwa na TPI (umutsima wanditseho interuro yicyongereza-amenyo kuri santimetero) kandi apimirwa numubare wamaboko muri santimetero (7 cyangwa 7zubyev kuri santimetero). Ibi biterwa n'inzibacyuho yaciwe muri ibyo bihugu kuva "ibitekerezo bifatika" bivugwa mu maguru bikora nk'ibirenge nk'ibirenge by'ibirenge nk'ibirenge. Niyo mpamvu kuri bamwe mu mbogamizi zitumizwa mu mahanga zerekana intambwe y'amenyo muri TPI, ishobora kubarwa mu ntambwe ya metero 25.4 ku gaciro ka TPI, kandi ikazenguruka abakozi ba TPI, maze akinjira mu gaciro kabonetse ku gaciro, byinshi0.5mm.
Kugirango canvas itaziba mubikoresho, nyuma yo gukuramo amenyo, basohoza ubutane bwabo, bundi buryo bwo guhindagurika ibumoso, bwa kabiri - iburyo, icya kane, nibindi, nibindi. Igisubizo ni amenyo yahukanye atuma yagutse kuruta ubunini bwa canvase ya Havice.
Intera hejuru ya buri iryinyo imaze gufatwa, igomba kuba igarukira, hamwe nintera idahagije, ubutane bwo gutandukana mubyukuri ntacyo itanga, kuko nibindi bice byoryinyo bigorana kukazi hamwe n'icyuma. Nkigisubizo, umubare munini wibintu bihindurwa muri stowet. Kugirango umenye amenyo meza yo gutandukana, urashobora gukoresha igishushanyo hepfo.
Vuba kandi, cyane cyane, gusenyuka amenyo yibyoge ntabwo byoroshye. Injuyer yahumuye amenyo afite urufunguzo rwihariye hamwe na slots - "insike", ndetse na "ku jisho" hamwe na screwdriver nini cyangwa ishoka. Gukoresha pliers idasanzwe kandi urutonde rwibipe bizafasha kwambara neza amenyo yibye mugihe hatabayeho ubuhanga.
Ukurikije intego yabyo, amenyo yacyo irashobora kugira imiterere imwe kandi itandukanye. Fibre yinkwi zabonye inkwi zifite amenyo agororotse, agabanya kandi uyobora, kandi mugihe cya stroke yicyuma cya blade hamwe na oblique iri hejuru, iherereye kumpande zombi. Igiti kiri kumuriro kiboneka hamwe nicyuma gifite impande zose za triarth iryinyo ryitatu, hejuru yacyo gikora nka chisel ifunganye hamwe ninzira itaziguye ya canvas. Bene rero ahubwo ntigabanuka, ahubwo ni ugukuraho fibre, ariko biratangaje, inkuta zaciwe zisukurwa no ku rubanza rwa mbere. Kunywa byombi hamwe na fibre, hacksaw imwe igomba kugira iryinyo rusange, rikagora gato imbere yinyo rigororotse. Igikoresho nk'iki ntigitanga umusaruro, kuko gitema iyo kigenda gusa "gukata" gusa, kandi iyo utwaye inzira muburyo bunyuranye, imbaraga zirashonga. Stanley yatanze verisiyo ye yamenyo itaziguye, ubashyire hejuru yinguni ya berekeza 26 nurupapuro hejuru hejuru kuruhande. Gukarisha mumaso atatu byatumye habaho neza intsinzi itaziguye kandi ihinduka, bityo iryinyo nk'iryo yitwa indege, rihuye n'ibisobanuro by'inyo-yihuta.
Kugirango wongere umusaruro kandi utezimbere ireme ryinkuta zabonetse, hamwe na canvas hamwe nubunini bumwe, canvas hamwe no guhuza amenyo yihariye ya menye 3-5 yishusho itandukanye. Rero, kunyeganyega no "gutera" canvas mugihe ubonye ibiti byijimye (ibiti, ibitotsi, sleaper, subtipter) akenshi ukoresha amenyo yinka. Ibiti by'ibiti bishya kandi bitose birakora neza kurubuga, gifite amenyo ane igororotse, guhinduranya ubwoko bumwe "impyisi" iryinyo ryinyo bitandukana namenyo ane yambere. Sandvik ikora canvas ya ht, iryinyo rya gatatu ryacyo rigufi kurenza abandi kandi ritandukana, kandi amenyo asigaye aragororotse. Ikirongo nkiyi cyabonye vuba kandi neza kigororotse cyo gukata, kongera imikorere yimikorere na 20% hamwe na 50% hamwe na 50% hamwe nibikorwa birebire.
Abanyabukorikori bahimbye babonye uburyo bwo gukaza. Sergey Fedorovich Zyubin, ibyo bishimisha bikora igikoresho cyo guhuriza hamwe, buri mwana wa gatatu w'imana akora gato kandi agororotse, n'amenyo asigaye, agufasha guca hafi iryinyo.
Rimwe na rimwe kugirango ukoreshe imbaraga zimitsi, agaciro ntarengwa kaguye hagati yicyuma, amenyo agororotse kumpera ya canvas yazuwe hafi yigice cyo hagati. Ibi bigabanya cyane imbaraga zisabwa mu ntangiriro n'iherezo rya buri muderevu.
Icyuma cyabonye ibyuma bigomba gukomera, kuramba no kwikuramo. Umutungo wambere utanga ibikorwa byigihe kirekire byomenyo birakaze nta guhubuka, uwa kabiri igabanya ibishoboka byose kugirango bibeho imikorere, kurugero, gukuraho amahirwe yo kugabanuka kwurubuga mugihe cyogosha. Niba, nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwihariye, wunamye urubuga kubyuma birebire hanyuma urekure cyane, bigomba kugarura byihuse imiterere yumwimerere bityo utangaze neza. Kugirango umenye neza igipimo cyiza na elastique ya canvas, nkibisanzwe, birashoboka kubireba bitatanga igikoresho gusa, ahubwo gikora neza kandi kikaba cyiza cya sandvik.
Benshi banyoye igihome cyo gukata kiracyakomeye kuberako bigoye ko kidahuye nibintu byose bya canvas, ahubwo ni amenyo gusa. Ibi biragufasha kubika igikoresho gikarishye muminsi 5. Ako kanya hashobora gutandukanywa nibara risanzwe ryubururu-umukara. Ifite akamaro cyane cyane mu kubona ibikoresho byashimangiwe byubwoko bwa chipboard, fiberboard, plastike, nibikoresho bifite ubukana buryo-bunini bwa plywood, bumera, fibra. Umuburo wenyine ni akaga ko kugerwaho "ku misumari", kuva nyuma subiza ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ibintu nkibi muburyo busanzwe ntabwo bishoboka.
Gukora imirimo yububiko hamwe nibikoresho byoroshye kandi ntabwo bisabwa cyane kubwiza bwinkombe, kurugero, kubiti byabonye ibiti, ugomba guhitamo iryinyo rinini. Umubare munini wa standdust irashobora gutanga demiess ntoya kandi irinde kwinjira mubikoresho.
Kubikoresho bikomeye, nka oak, bech, amatiku, ugomba gufata akantu hamwe na Amenyo medium. Ku ruke rw'ikinyoni rwose (plastike) n'ibikoresho by'ibiti bigomba gufatwa kuri to cath hamwe na iryinyo rito, bitazata kunywa kugirango bifatanye mu bikoresho kandi ntibizagera ku ruganda no guserwa kitaringaniye Igikorwa.
Hanyuma, kugirango ubone impande zombi zaciwe, zigomba kurangira hamwe nihuta yo kugerwaho no mu manza zose zashyizwe ku rutonde kugirango ukoreshe iryinyo rito.
Gushyira ahagaragara polymer idasanzwe yumukara kuri canvas mbere yambere, yongera imiterere ya antifrition kandi igatanga urubuga rworoshye, kandi icya kabiri, itanga ihohoterwa ryinkomoko haba mubikoresho bitose kandi mugihe cyo kubika igikoresho. Ubunini bwa canvas nkinkoko ya polymer ni 1mm.
Guhitamo neza abasive ntabwo aribyo byose. Kuburyo butandukanye bwakazi, ibishushanyo bitandukanye byamaboko byarabonye kandi gukoresha. Muri bo hari umunani gusa: Hacksaw, wanyoye hamwe n'itorero, abona ibikoresho by'impapuro, abona ibikoresho by'impapuro, kumena amaraso, igikonjo cyabonye, yabonye, yabonye. Rimwe na rimwe, amoko yashyizwe ku rutonde arimo Lobzik, ushobora gufatwa nk '"murumunawe" wa ARC.
Akenshi mugihe cyikibazo kirekire kandi gihinduranya hamwe nuburyo bwa fibrous cyangwa impande zose, hacsaw hamwe na arth ya bosekoreshwa. Yabonye hamwe numugabo ikoreshwa mugutunga impande z'ikibaho no gukorana nibicucu. Ingwate yabonye isa n'itorero, ariko ifite canrowes nini n'amenyo nto, bityo bigufasha guca imitwe kugirango ihuze n'amaso. Umufuka w'icyuma uha canvas ifite ubunini bukomeye, butuma kugabanya ubunini bwayo kugeza kuri0.5mm.
Ibikoresho byo kubona impapuro bikoreshwa, kurugero, kuri pani yabonye (rimwe na rimwe byitwa gushyingura bibonye). Amenyo yinyongera yaciwe imbere yiki gitabo kugirango ayishyire hagati yibikoresho. Akayunguruzo kabonye byateguwe kubera kubona ahantu hafunganye no kumuzunguruko utoroshye. Ntabwo bikomeye kuruta Jigsik, ariko akenshi bikora byoroshye.
Ibanze ziboneka, uburebure bwacyo mubisanzwe burenze inshuro 2-4 kurenza uburebure, bukoreshwa haba kuri coarse yabonye ibiti no gukora ububaji nyabwo. Ubu buryo butandukanye bwasobanuwe n'inshyi nyinshi rya chanvas irambuye, imwe, kimwe na papa yabonye kandi ibona ibikoresho, ishobora kugira ubunini bwa mm 0,5.
Birashoboka, havurwemo intoki ebyiri mu gihugu cyacu, kuko iyo bakora akazi hamwe, byombi mu byerekezo bitandukanye kandi "kuri bo." Ikoreshwa kubiti bibabaje hamwe nibibi byinkwi zuzuye. Ibyabaye byagaragaye ni ngombwa mu mashami n'amashami yatemye ku biti, bityo bitwa kandi ubusitani bwabonye. Yakozwe muri verisiyo yo kuzinga (nkicyuma cya perico), kandi mugaragaza kwerekana imikoreshereze ya terefone itandatu.
Isosiyete SANDVIK yoroshe guhitamo ibiranda kubaguzi nintambwe ikenewe yinyo. Inyabutatu nziza ya rimwe mumabara ane akoreshwa hejuru ya canvas ya buriwese abonye: Igikoresho cyubururu kitinda mubunini bunini (ibiti, ibiti); icyatsi-igikoresho cyamati yimbuto ziciriritse (imbaho, utubari); Umutuku - Kubiti bito (gari ya mogi, Plint, Duncar) hanyuma, Amaherezo, umuhondo-ku ntego idasanzwe (Groove, Gucomeka, Kubikoresho
Iyo gukora bigoye bikora hamwe nibiryo byagaragaye hamwe na iryinyo rito kandi ryiza cyane, igikoresho cyihariye gikoreshwa mubyerekezo bya canvas mugihe ubonye. Ibisigisigi bya gishushanyo gakondo ni agasanduku k'ibiti hamwe no mu rukuta ku nkuta zabonye. Ibibanza biherereye mubyerekezo bitatu kandi bisa numuyoboro wa roman. Nyuma yigihe, ubugari bwibirindiro bwa stusla bwiyongera, bagaragara ku mpande zabo, bikaba byiza ukuri kw'ukuri, bityo, ubwiza bwakazi.
Ibyifuzo byo guhitamo intoki-igikoresho cyo kwizihiza amenyo kugirango abone ibikoresho bitandukanye
| Ibikoresho | Intambwe yoroheje muri TPI (T muri MM) hamwe nibikoresho bikurikira | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kugeza kuri mm 6 | Mm 6-15 | 15-30 mm | Kurenga 30 mm | |
| Inkwi | ||||
| Byoroshye | 13-9 (2-3) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | 7 (3.5) | 5 (5) |
| Gukomera | 13 (2) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | 7 (3.5) | 7 (3.5) |
| Biragoye | 13 (2) | 9 (3) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | 9-7 (3-3,5) |
| Yahinduwe | 13 (2) | 13-11 (2-2.5) | 9 (3) | 9 (3) |
| Fibreboard | ||||
| Ibikoresho byo kwikuramo | 9 (3) | 7 (3.5) | 7 (3.5) | |
| Isahani | 9 (3) | 9 (3) -7 (35) | 7 (35) | |
| Fibre ikomeye | 13 (2) -9 (3) | 9 (3) | 7 (35) | |
| Ibikoresho byo gukanda | ||||
| Byoroshye | 13-9 (2-3) | 9 (3) -7 (3.5) | 7 (3.5) | |
| Gukomera | 13-9 (2-3) | 9 (3) -7 (3.5) | 7 (3.5) | |
| Bikomeye | 13-9 (2-3) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | |
| Laminate | 13-9 (2-3) | 13-9 (2-3) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | |
| Ingaragu cyangwa byinshi | 13-11 (2-2.5) | 9 (3) -7 (3.5) | 9 (3) -7 (3.5) | |
| Ifuro | 9 (3) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | |
| Plaster | 9 (3) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | |
| Urupapuro rwa plastike | ||||
| Byoroshye | 13 (2) | 9 (3) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | |
| Bikomeye | 13-9 (2-3) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | 9-7 (3-3,5) | |
| Aluminium | 13 (2) |
Imikino itukura- Canvas ifite amenyo akomeye
Ibyuma bigezweho byari byoroshye, byoroshye kandi byoroshye kandi byingenzi cyane, kandi birashobora gushyirwaho kugirango ubone iburyo n'ukuboko. Iyi canvas iyobowe nisahani yimpeshyi, itabangamira abo babonye bwimuka. Iyo ukoresheje iyubaritse, hashobora koherezwa mu bijyanye no gusabana na fibre yakozwe nabi kugeza 15. Iki gikoresho kizakora neza kandi ari ukuri kw'ibice bivuye mu myaka myinshi.
Kuba babonye ibice bito aho kuba stus, rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa na Tsugu. Nibice byurukiramende rw'Inama y'Ubutegetsi cyangwa Multilayer Plywood hamwe n'utubari tubiri, twugaho ku mpande zinyuranye. Tsulauha ashyirwa kumurimo ukiruhuko hanyuma uruhuke mu kabari kari hasi kugeza kumeza. Ikintu gishyizwe ku ndege yo hejuru ya Tsulagi kandi ikanda mu kabari yo hejuru, kikaba kigufi kuruta imbaho z'ubugari, kigena icyerekezo cyo kubona.
Ibigo byinshi bigurisha umubeshye amenyo yafunzwe byumwihariko wambaye ahantu hahanamye kugirango badacika intege. Urubanza nkurwo rushobora kwifata ubwabwo, gukata kumurongo cyangwa umuyoboro wa plastike wa diameter ihuye. Niba ibyarebye bidakoreshwa igihe kirekire, birakenewe guhanagura icyuma cya Hackaw hamwe namavuta yimashini, shyira amenyo kumenyo hanyuma uhitemo ahantu ho kubika igikoresho.
Mugihe kugura ikiganza kibonetse, abakora mubisanzwe batanga garanti yumwaka, ariko bakwitaho neza, igikoresho ni kirekire cyane.
Inama nyinshi zingirakamaro
Mugihe ushira ejo hazaza, ni ngombwa kuzirikana ubugari bwacyo kugirango ubashe guca kumurongo wateganijwe kandi uhangane nubunini bwiza.
Ibitekerezo bigomba kwimurwa muburebure bwose bwurubuga, ugereranya brash yamaboko, imitsi yigitugu nigice cyo hejuru cyumubiri. Intambwe nini yibisubizo bituma byoroshye gukuraho igisakuzo. Ubwa mbere ukeneye kugabanya mubintu gato, hanyuma ukomeze kugaragara nta gitutu gikomeye kuri canvas, gutanga uburemere bwibikoresho.
Niba hariya byafashwe mu rupapuro no kunama, noneho impamvu irashobora gutandukana gato amenyo, cyangwa ibiranga imiterere yibikoresho bya saw. Mu rubanza rwa kabiri, urashobora gukurikiza ibishashara bike cyangwa isabune kuri clade ya hacsaw, kimwe no gushiramo imigezi yo murugo.
Iyo ubonye ibikoresho byananutse cyangwa ibiti, iryine nini nibyiza kwimuka kumurimo muto hejuru (ntabwo birenga 15-25). Vkontakte hamwe nibikoresho bigomba icyarimwe kuba byibuze amenyo atatu-atanu kugirango ukuyemo amahirwe yo gutema ibice byayo.
Kugira ngo ibikoresho, cyane cyane igiti, nticyagabanyijemo ibice, bigomba gushyirwa munsi yindege yo hepfo yimbaho. Rero, urabuza hejuru yibikorwa.
Raporo ikoresha ingingo kuva mu rugendo rwa 26215-84 "Even Heskov".
Abanditsi bashimira uhagarariye akarere ka Sandvik kuri Alexei Pavlovich Veslkov kugirango afashe mugutegura ibikoresho.