Uburyo bwo kugabanya ibyago byibibazo hamwe na sisitemu yimyanda munzu, kandi baramutse bahagurutse, noneho byoroshye guhangana nabo. Ibyifuzo bya nyirurugo.
Kuburyo bwo gukoresha induru yimyanda, buri wese muri twe ahora yishura imihangayiko yiteze kubibazo byose. Yoo! Uku gutinya akenshi bifite ishingiro. Dukurikije indorerezi z'inzobere, abantu barenga 60% bo mu nyubako zo guturamo bari nibura rimwe barengerwa n'amazi y'amazi kubera akazu. Ingingo yacu yukuntu yagabanya ibyago byibibazo munzu hamwe nuburyo byoroshye guhangana nabo
Akazi keza
Usibye umwuzure wibibanza hamwe numwanda, umwenda wo murugo utanga ibitunguranye muburyo bwo kumeneka, impumuro yihariye, urusaku ruteye ubwoba. Nibyo, hamwe nubufasha bwimboga bwimiyoboro igaragara ntabwo ari byiza cyane. Kugirango umenye ibibazo bishobora gutegurwa kuva imyanda, nibyiza gusobanukirwa ishingiro ryibikoresho byayo nihame ryo gukora.Urusobe rwimiyoboro no kwizirika (aho turimo "ibikoresho") gukusanya no kugabanya amazi yakoreshejwe nimyanda yimvura (usibye imyanda yo murugo yitwa hanze, kandi ibirenze imyarwa yimbere. Kuva kuri buri gikoresho (gukaraba, ubwiherero, etc.) gukubita umuyoboro wa ropeline woherejwe mumwanya wa horizontal, muri yo - bibuza, ni ukuvuga umuyoboro uhagaritse. Iyinjiza igice cyinzu kigenda neza mukibuye cya horizontal, gukuraho inkoni ziva mu nyubako munsi yubutaka (munsi yimbitse yubutaka bukonje). Byongeye kandi, bayobora imiyoboro haba mubyifuzo neza, kandi uhereye kumazi atari hanze, cyangwa mumatafa ya Septique ya sisitemu yogusukura. Igice cyo hejuru cya Riser cyerekanwe hejuru yinzu yinzu kandi yitwa umunaniro. Irimo itandukanijwe nacyo ku mwuka w'imiti iva hanze.
Amazi aturutse ibidengeri byo koga, ibika, gushyushya no kweza amazi nabyo bitangwa mumyanda. Umuyoboro w'amaboko ubanza gushyirwa nk'abatari umurwayi, Saganene. Kubwibyo, mu mbuga zose zivanze, nto (1-4%) zitangwa, ariko ifatanije cyane ziyobowe na pipeline ku iterambere ry'amazi. Ihuza rya Pipes mumirongo yagutse irakorwa hamwe nubufasha bwibintu byihariye bihuza (tees, kanda, abasaraba, nibindi). Bitwa ibintu biteye ubwoba cyangwa "fasanona". Ibintu nkibi byo guhuza igikoresho kimwe bisaba kuva3 kugeza 6Cocake. Kugira ngo imyuka ya ower itinjira mucyumba, buri gikoresho cyometse kuri gukuraho binyuze mubikoresho byihariye bikora nka shotter ya hydraulic. Ubusanzwe abaposita bitwa "siphons" yabo. Shutter ni, mubyukuri, urumuri rumeze cyangwa u-shusho, kimwe cya kabiri cyuzuye amazi. Amazi kandi akora inzitizi munzira ya gaze kuva mucyumba (Grostizations n'imitego, yubatswe mu gushushanya kw'irembo).
Imiterere y'urusobe, bisobanura agaciro kayo, biterwa cyane na nimero no gushyira ibikoresho munzu. Igiciro cya sisitemu yimyanya mu kazu ka kijyambere ku nkombe kuva ku bihumbi 1 kugeza kuri 5. Amadolari kuri Riser.
Ahantu h'imyanda
Vomor ntagushidikanya ku mucanga mukuru wimyanda. Impamvu nyamukuru yacyo ni imyifatire yubugome kumurongo wa sewage, ibyo dukoresha nkana nkubwoko bwimyanda. Jes mu nzu y'Umujyi ibintu bimeze igice kimwe cyo gukiza ingano nini y'amazi, icyarimwe mu kazu, hanyuma ugabanye imyanda, ubutabazi bw'imyanda mu musarani byanze bikunze biganisha ku guhagarika imiyoboro.
Ariko nubwo bikoreshwa bisanzwe, imyanda ntabwo iri hasi. Kubera iki? Reka dutanga urugero rwiza. Niki abacukuzi bakunze gukora kugirango bajugunye rwose amazi afite imyanda ikomeye kuva mu ndobo? Ahindura indobo kugirango imyanda izunguruka ku ndobo, hanyuma ibirimo bimena urujya n'uruza rutyaye. Muyandi magambo, byabanje guhindura imyanda ikomeye muri leta uburemere, hanyuma aha umugezi wamazi umuvuduko mwinshi wo kugenda. Mu rubuga rwa sewage. Birakenewe ko kweza ibintu byinshi mubisanzwe muri leta yahagaritswe mumazi atemba, kandi igipimo cyurupfu ntabwo kiri munsi yumubabaro. Biragaragara ko kuri sewerage, igipimo cyurugendo muri dipera ya horizontal kigomba kuba cyibura 0.7 munsi yumuyoboro.
Ibishoboka byo kuruhuka umuyoboro ni byiza, niko hejuru yimbere, harimo kubera koga ibitero no kubitsa bitandukanye, niko inzira yumugezi utoroshye, ihinduka. Ni ukuvuga, bigoye umuyoboro wimiyoboro, niko bishoboka ko ibibazo. Kubwibyo, sisitemu yimyanda igomba gusukurwa buri gihe. Kubwibyo, imiyoboro itange kubyo bita "ivugurura" (igishoro ") na" gusukura "(umwobo mu rukuta rw'imiyoboro, bifunze na cork). Bashyizwe aho, aho amazi ahindura cyane imiterere yumutwe, kurugero, mbere yo guhuza imiyoboro myinshi, impinduka ityaye, isent (ikiruhuko gito muri RISES), kimwe no kurekurwa.
Kuri Reba. Niba gusiba kwabasiba byuzuye bitwara amasegonda arenga 12, kandi kwiyuhagira byuzuye birenze imyaka 180rse, bivuze ko imiyoboro yamaze gutangira gufunga.
Imiterere yimyanda irashobora kudindiza "Zhibolka" (amavuta akwiye) yashyizwe kumurongo wo gukaraba. Inini nini ("Volley") Kunywa amazi, nibyiza kwisukura imiyoboro na sice sversa. Igikombe cyiza cyatumijwe mu mahanga hamwe na tank ya plum yubushobozi buke, birumvikana, bikiza amazi (aho byakozwe), ariko rwose ntabwo bigira uruhare mu kwisukura imiyoboro muri sisitemu ya serwage muri gahunda zacu za serwage muri gahunda zacu zanduye.
Nibyiza, niba wongera kubogama? Birumvikana ko itemba izatemba, birumvikana, ariko ubunini bwamazi buzahinduka buto, kandi ifite ingano ntoya. Ibintu binini bizagwa hepfo. Kimwe kibaho hamwe no kwiyongera bidafite ishingiro muri dieameter hamwe nubunini buhoraho bwamazi yamazi. Nigute ushobora kuba niba ibintu byo kwisukura imiyoboro bidakorwa (ibi biragenzurwa no kubara) kurekurwa munzu? Hano urashobora gutanga ibisabwa bitatu. Iya mbere, ibyoroshye, ariko icyarimwe ibihe bidasanzwe - kenshi kugirango umane amazi menshi mubikoresho. Iya kabiri ni ugukora kubogama uko bishakiye, hashingiwe kumurongo wa 2-10% (Bigufi ibisohoka birarenze kubogama). Muri icyo gihe, gushiraho "isuku" kurekurwa no kuyisukura buri gihe hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa, bukaba buteye ubwoba.
Nyamuneka menya ko gusukura imiyoboro "chimie", urugero, igikoresho "mole", nibindi, urashobora gusenya mikorobe itanga imyanda mu kazu, bityo ugahagarika isuku mumezi 2-3. Byizewe, ariko nanone inzira ihenze ni ugushiraho munsi yurugobe rwibigizemo uruhare rwa tank nibihe byayo bya pompe ya fecal, kurugero, erlift, nibindi. Menya ko kuvoma ku gahato imiyoboro, nkubundi buryo bwo kugezwa nuburemere, byose ni byiza. Kurugero, hamwe na gahunda yikanzu nini mugihe, bisabwe na nyirayo, ibikoresho byo kwizirika biherereye mu nyubako kubyuka, cyangwa hamwe no kuvugurura amazu yo mu mujyi.
Impumuro iva mu masare
Impamvu nyamukuru zo kwinjira iva mu mazi kugera mucyumba ni bitatu: kurekura ahantu h'umuyoboro wa demitase kuri deberi kuri plum no guhungabanya shrite ya hydraulic igikoresho icyo aricyo cyose.Ibibazo bibiri byambere biroroshye gukuraho gusana bike: Komera imbuto, suka kashe, hindura kashe. Kurandura gusenyuka kwa shitingi birakomeye, kuko bisaba ubushakashatsi bwuzuye kuri sisitemu, kandi rimwe na rimwe impinduka zayo. Ikigaragara ni uko imiyoboro ye, isuka yo gukuraho mu rugobe, ikangirika igice cy'igice cyambukiranya hanyuma, igandukira, itwara umwuka ("usohokera". Niba hari ububiko buhagije bwo hejuru muri RASER, noneho amazi yo kubura ikirere ntabwo kandi igitutu kizangana numwuka. Mu barwanyaga, hazabaho icyuho. Niba ari binini, amazi yo muri shitingi ya hydraulic azakwegera mu gukuraho, hanyuma inzira ijya indege mucyumba irakinguye. Muri uru rubanza, bavuga ko "ihungabana rya Shurter ryabaye." Inini nini yamazi yangiritse muri Riser na Diameter of Outlet, hafi yinguni ya 90 yo gufata urujya n'uruza rw'iziba n'uburebure bwa shitani, birakomeye. Hano hari 50, 60 na 70mm-ibikoresho byinshi. Mugihe ugura kumazi yatumijwe mu mahanga hamwe na siphons, ugomba kwitondera uburebure bwa shitingi.
Ikibazo cyo kumena shitingi kigira ingaruka kubishushanyo bya Riser, no ku gishushanyo cya hood. Kurugero, uburyo bwo gutondekanya gukuramo ubwiherero buherereye muri gahunda imwe yububiko bwa kanama? Ahateganye na Windows ya 2? Biragaragara, rimwe na rimwe koga Riser ashobora gutuma adahumeka, I.e. Ntubikure hejuru yinzu. Riser kurwego rwibikoresho byo hejuru afite imbaraga hamwe no gukora isuku, kandi kuyashyikirizwa bikozwe mumiyoboro yo kwiyongera kwiyongereye. Ibishoboka byo gukoresha igishushanyo nkiki kigomba kugenzurwa no kubara. Izi mbaraga zinyongera zishyuwe byuzuye kubiciro bya sisitemu nibishoboka kubisubizo bishya.
Niba mu nzu hari benshi mu nzu, urugero, niba ubwiherero buri mu bice binyuranye byinzu cyangwa umubare munini wibikoresho byubwoko butandukanye byashizweho, noneho ibyago byiziritseho birashobora guhuzwa numuyoboro umwe kandi uhagarike umunaniro .
Mu rukundo, byibuze Isari imwe mu nzu igomba guhumeka.
Ibiruka ntabwo byegereye 4m uhereye kuri Windows na balkoni no gukuraho 0.3-0.4 m hejuru yinzu. Umuyoboro wo hejuru mu gihe cy'itumba birafunze byihuse hamwe na barafu kubera ko ubushuhe buva mu myuga ya SEWAGO. Atea bisobanura gutukwa. Guhagarika kuri hood nibyiza kudashyira - bigira uruhare mu kugenda.
Muri ibyo byose byavuzwe haruguru, bivuze ko ikibazo cyo guhitamo mu mazi kiracyari intwari nziza: aho ugiye hose - ahantu hose utakaza ikintu. Birashoboka kumusenya ubwenge ninzobere gusa. Birumvikana, urashobora guhindura wigenga ku yindi miyoboro cyangwa ushyire igikoresho gishya munzu. Ariko kuzamura bikomeye bya sisitemu yose, ndetse birenze cyane iterambere ryayo no kwishyiriraho munzu nshya, nubwo bitoroshye byoroshye, biracyari inzobere mubyifuzo.
Ibyifuzo Hangano
Niba ibikoresho byo hasi bihora birenga kuri shitingi, birashoboka cyane ko byafunze cyangwa birukanwa. Niba gutandukana bibaye mugihe cyibikoresho ku magorofa atandukanye, hanyuma diameter ya Riser yatoranijwe nabi.
Niba hasi hasi hari amazi yo munsi ya shiteroli mu gikombe cy'igikoresho, ariko birashoboka cyane ko irekurwa rifunze.
Hamwe no kugenda mu muryango igihe kirekire, ntukibagirwe gusuka ku kimenyetso cyimboga (imashini) mubikoresho mubikoresho siphons. Ibi bizarinda guhumeka gukabije no kwinjira munzu ya gaze.
Niba mu bukonje bwimbeho bugomba kuzimya, ugomba gukurura amazi mu tank mumyando yo mu musarani hanyuma ubikure muri shitingi.
Umwanda uva mumiyoboro ya plastiki
Gukoresha imiyoboro ya pulasitike yo gushiraho imyanda yimbere nta gukabya kumaboko yaretse amaboko ashingiye kubaburiye hamwe nabashushanya. Byarashobokaga gukora urusobe rw'imiyoboro rwose, bityo ihinduka intwari zo guhisha munsi y'urukuta n'amagorofa no gukemura imirimo y'ubuhanzi tutabonaga buri gihe kwivanga mu mitsi. Imyanda iva mumiyoboro ya plastike ntishobora gufunga, ntabwo ari imigezi ihindagurika kandi ikagenda. Igihe cyo kwishyiriraho sisitemu cyagabanutse inshuro 2-3, kandi ikiguzi ni 10-20%. Ubuzima bwa serivisi bwiyongera kumyaka ingahe.Kumyanda, imiyoboro itoroshye (kugeza3 mm ndende) ikoreshwa kuva ubwoko butatu bwa plastiki: philviny chloride (pvc), ubucucike bwinshi polyethylene (pvp) na polypropylene (pp). Imiyoboro ya PVC ikoreshwa neza mumyaka mirongo, kuberako Bahendutse. Ariko gukoresha cyane imiti yo murugo, gukaraba no koza ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bwo mu mazi byatumye amazi abahatire kubasimbuza thermo- n'ibikoresho birwanya imitima. Imyitozo rero irimo polyethylene na polypropylene. Ku isoko ry'Uburusiya, ibicuruzwa byabo byo kwamasaruro byimbere ubu byatanzwe hafi 20.
Imbonerahamwe yerekana ibiciro bigera kuri imiyoboro, ibiciro bya Fasonin biratandukanye cyane: mumiyoboro imwe ihendutse, kandi bimwe ", pasonin" birahenze, kurundi ruhande.
Urutonde rwibice bigize ingaruka kubigo bitandukanye bivuye kuri 5 pre-30 amazina no kuva kuri3 kugeza kuri 10 kugeza kuri 10 buri zina (kashe itigeze). Kwinjiza muri sisitemu byuzuye kandi byihuta bitanga: Mu bigo by'amahanga - Rehau (Ubudage), Nonune (Ubufaransa), kandi mu gihugu cya PVC), na Agripen ", na Umuryango utegamiye kuri Leta. (Imiyoboro ya IPP). Mugihe, urusaku-rukurura imiyoboro ya plastiki hamwe na minerval yuzuye (rehau na poloplast) yagaragaye ku isoko, mugihe urwego rwurusaku rwinshi ugereranije na polypropylene, ariko igiciro cyabo kirenze kabiri.
Guteranya imiyoboro, nkitegeko, imiyoboro hamwe na fittings ikoreshwa hamwe nimpeta ya reberi nziza, igomba kwemeza ko ihuriro ryimyaka mirongo. Kuri Pipes kuva PVC, gluing rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa, kandi imiyoboro ya PP irashobora guhuzwa ukoresheje Fuse-Ikirahure.
Gushiraho sisitemu
Kwishyiriraho bitangira nyuma yo kubaka inyungu yinyubako, I.e. Iyo ibyobo byose, inkweto, ariche mu rukuta no guhumurizwa, hari ibimenyetso byo hasi, umuyoboro uzarangira imirimo yose ijyanye no gukoresha gufungura umuriro. Gushiraho sisitemu itangira kurekurwa, hanyuma ukusane muri kaser kuva hasi, hanyuma, kuva ku kwambuka kwambuka, guteranya ibice. Amavumo yibintu ayobowe nintete zitemba. Kwizihiza cyane ahantu hahanamye.
Indwara nini yo kurambagizanya ubushyuhe bwa plastike kugirango yite ko imiyoboro itagoramye mugihe cyo gukora. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhuriza hamwe ibice byungana hamwe na kashe ya rubber hagati yimpera yimpera yumuyoboro hamwe nu mugozi wambaye ikizunguruka cyambaye icyuho cya 10mm. Irashobora kwishyura indishyi ndende kurambura ubushyuhe bwumuyoboro kugeza kuri 2m.
Impeta ya Rubber igufasha kwishyura bidahuye nibice byibice bihujwe. Ariko imvugo idahwitse cyane impeta zikurura impeta ziganisha kuri kole yihuza. Kubwibyo, mugihe ushizemo imiyoboro yihishe, cyane cyane munsi ya scred, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko kugabanuka kwinsanganyamatsiko kubice bya kanda ya taps hanyuma akaba atarenze ubunini bwurukuta rwa pipe. Ibigo byinshi ndetse na tees bikozwe n'inguni kitarangwamo 90, ariko 87.5 kugira ngo umuyoboro woherejwe wo kubogama, yinjira mu ngabo, atatera impeta. Kugirango utarangiza impeta mugihe ushizemo, kumurongo winjijwe neza ugira chamfer hanyuma usige hamwe na libricine ya silicone, glycerin cyangwa itabi, ariko ntabwo ariko amavuta.
Inkunga kumurimo ufunguye shyira kenshi, kurugero, kuri horizontal - nyuma ya 0.4 m kuri diamet hamwe na diameter ya 50mm, no kuri vertical, mubisanzwe munsi yinyuma yinyuma. Hagati yicyuma cyinkunga numuyoboro, birakenewe gushyira reberi cyangwa gameke ya plastike.
Ahantu hanyuze binyuze mu nzego zo kubaka, imiyoboro yapfunyitse hamwe n'ibice 2-3 bya Pergamine cyangwa igisenge n'umwobo uri hafi y'imbibi zose.
Nyuma yo guteranya sisitemu yose, bigeragezwa kugirango bikomera. Iyo ugerageza igitutu cya hejuru yiminota 10, igihombo cyimitutu nticyemewe. Kwishyiriraho ibice byumvikana byamazi akonje kandi ashyushye kubikoresho byo gukuramo amazi bikunze gukorwa hamwe no kwishyiriraho imyanda.
Nyuma y'ibizamini bigeragejwe byimiyoboro yose, inkweto, umwobo, niches gufunga, gukora umubano no gutegura no gukora kugirango urangize akazi. Ibikoresho byamafoto mubisanzwe bishyirwaho nyuma yo kurangiza. Ariko iki nikiganiro kidasanzwe.
Ibipimo bimwe byimiyoboro ya plastike kubidafasi
| Ibikoresho byo muri pipe, ikirango | Gukora ubushyuhe, hamwe | Kurwanya imiti muri make | Gukubita imbaraga kuri 20c | Diameter yo hanze, mm | Igiciro cya Pie, $ * | Uruganda | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kuri | sh | R | G. | ||||||
| Polyvinyl chloride, PVC (PVC) | Kuva -10DO +50 | +. | +. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32, 40, 50, 63, 110, 160 | kuva kuri 4 kugeza 5.3. | Plastike JSC, Agrigaz-Polymer, LLC, Nicoll (Ubufaransa), Koror (Finlande), Wavin (Danemark), Repubulika), n'abandi. |
| Ubucucike Bwinshi Polyethylene, PVP (PE) | Kuva -30DO +60 | +. | +. | 0 | - | +. | 50, 90, 110 | Kuva 5.6 kugeza 6.4 | Roshrub-Plast LLP, AGRU (Otirishiya) |
| PolyproPylene, PP (PP) | kuva 0 kugeza kuri +90. | +. | +. | +. | 0 | - | 32, 40, 50, 75, 110, 125, 160 | Kuva 4.4 kugeza 7.7 | CJSC "Ubushyuhe- Kuzana ", ONG" Polymer, Rehau (Ubudage), Wavin (Danemark), Plast-mec (Ubutaliyani), nibindi |
Icyitonderwa: Kuri - acide, sh - Alkali, R - Bikemu, G. - Halopens;
* - kumuyoboro ufite diameter ya 110mm nuburebure bwa 1m, hamwe na etage;
"+. "- Nibyo," 0 "- Birashimishije," - "- nabi.
Abanditsi bagaragaza ko bashimira Damen LLP kugirango afashe umuryango wo gufotora akaba n'umuyobozi wa Tompritel Ngo Tehovlevich Dobromyslov yo kugisha inama.