Ibisekuru bishya: Amahirwe, amahirwe, ibigo bikora, ibiciro.
Indi myaka icumi irashize, hose mu buzima bwa buri munsi, kubaka n'inganda zakunze gufatwa nk'ubusa bw'ibyuma bikomeye kandi byari ubwoko bw '"dunchon mbi". Ibihe byahindutse. Ubu biragoye kubona urwego rwubuzima, aho haza hose gusebanya gushya.
Amazu aboneka ahantu hose: mu cyumba cy'umusatsi w'umwuga kugirango yumishe umusatsi, imashini imesa, pompe yo mu rugo cyangwa compressor y'imodoka. Ibikoresho byubwenge bikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kweza amazi, ibikoresho byamazi yububiko, muri sisitemu yo koga, muri sisitemu yo koga, muri sisitemu yo gutega amazi yo gukuramo imyanda yubushobozi bwuzuye no kumeneka muri mashini idasanzwe - mumeneye na garage. Hose idasanzwe yashyizwe muri beto ikora uruhare rwumuhanda insinga za fibre optique, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, radio na telecaberi bararambuye. Amateka yubahwa yijimye munsi ya karuterere yuburanisha. Amateka amwe ashimangira ibice byimiyoboro ya pulasitike hamwe na cranes na mixers, ibice byimiyoboro birinzwe hashingiwe kubyangiritse. Inyubako za Hose ntizikoreshwa kubutaka gakondo gusa, ahubwo ni ukukana imitwaro ya Mamor, imyanda, itanga amazi, gushyushya amazi, ibikoresho byamazi biva muri sisitemu zitandukanye. Umuti w'uburebure bw'igorofa menshi uhabwa uburebure bw'amagorofa menshi, amazi ava mu rwobo asohoka hanze y'amazu. Amateka yumuriro agezweho nayo irahamye ikozwe muri polyester tissue hamwe na Polyurethane adafite ishingiro. Umuyoboro wo mu kirere muri sisitemu yo gukora cyane cyane zikozwe muri plastike, ifungirwa.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa amazu? Dore bimwe muribi:
koresha ibibanza byo murugo (amazi);
gutanga amazi (gufata amazi cyangwa ikigega);
gushyushya n'amazi ashyushye (umurongo woroshye kuri radiator na mixers);
imyanda, umuyaga na sisitemu yamashanyarazi;
Amashanyarazi;
Guhumeka no guhumeka;
Gutwara ibikoresho byinshi na gaze.
Birashoboka gutandukanya ibisigazwa bya tekiniki Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki: ituzuye (T3M) hamwe nigitutu kinini (kugeza kuri 135); Ukurikije ibikoresho bivuyemo (Elastomeri, ibicurane, imyenda idasanzwe); ku buzima bwa serivisi (kuva ku myaka 15 kugeza ku myaka 15); Ukurikije ingano (1200 kugeza 600 mm).
Ni izihe nyungu za Hose imbere yimiyoboro ya plastiki? Ubwa mbere, mu ikoranabuhanga mugihe ushyiraho. Amateka ya diameter nini ifite guhinduka bidasanzwe kandi byoroshye. Nibyiza kubitwara mubyimba byoroheje hanyuma ujye ku kigo. Icya kabiri, ingofero zifite imbaraga nyinshi ugereranije na plastike. Nazo zirimo kandi mubwiza bwimiyoboro kuva kubikoresho bya polymer - kwambara kurwanya no kurwanya cyane kwangirika. Igishushanyo mbonera cyemeza, hiyongereyeho, kubungabunga ubuso bwimbere, diameter n'imikorere hamwe ninama. Icya gatatu, amahwa arasenya byoroshye kandi arashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi. Ibintu bitandukanye bya fithing na hose nozzles bishoboka nta mbaraga zo guhindura sisitemu. Modern reusable myunyu ibishoboka gikorwa kwizigirwa hoses kuko gutwara bisukika na runini ibintu ku ubushyuhe mu -25 ngo 65C + na ikorera igitutu from3 ngo 15thm.
Ariko - Kuri sisitemu yo gushyushya;
B. - Kuri sisitemu yo guhumeka na gaze, umwotsi, imyuka;
In - Kuramba cyane no kwambara cyane, bikwiranye no gukuraho ibice bito kandi binini bya kama ndetse no muburyo butandukanye;
G. - Kuramba, ariko mu bworohewe no kuzunguruka kubyuma.
Ubuzima bwa garanti bwa serivisi ya pulasitike ya pulasitike ihebuje igamije gutwara amazi mugihe cyumwaka uzenguruka ni kuva kumyaka 7 kugeza kuri 15. Ubuso bwimbere bwa hose buroroshye, kubwimico yacyo igitambaro kirenze ivya diameter. Ibihe byamenetse (ahazubakwa, mu nganda), mugihe ubuso bwimbere kandi bwo hanze bwamavuta bukorerwa imitwaro ya mashini, ubuzima bwa serivisi, birumvikana, birumvikana ko ari bike. Ibyinshi muri pulasitike bikozwe muri chloride ya polyviny (pvc), ubuzima bwimigambi yihariye nabyo bikozwe muri polyurethane. Muri iki gihe, kuramba hejuru yimbere kuri uthosion bayobowe nubufatanye bwa mashini muri shitingi ya plastike na papes nimwe. Igishushanyo mbonera cya plastike byinshi bisobanura amahirwe yabo yo guhindura, kandi ntibavunika ndetse no munsi yinziga. Igicucu gishimangirwa nikadiri cyangwa gikozwe mubikoresho bya polymeric hamwe nububiko bwa molekic byihuse bigarura ifishi hanyuma ugaruke muri leta ikora. Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwibintu. Akenshi, ni abazunguruka muri PVC cyangwa ibyuma. Ikindi gishushanyo gihuriweho cya hose nicyo gipimo-bitatu, urwego rwo hagati rushimangira muburyo bwa gride ya Polyyera. Iki gishushanyo gituma hose irwanya cyane igitutu cyimitutu ningaruka zo hanze. Hanyuma, hari amashiri ya kashi, amazi atemba hejuru yimiyoboro itatu ugereranije na simi-cylinder, yashimangiye monolicked kumurongo wa plastiki. Aya mateka yagenewe amazi meza yijimye atemba mugihe cyo kuvomera. Ubuso bwimbere bwibiro kugirango twikorezwe amazi yo kunywa bikozwe mubiryo bya plastiki bibuza iterambere rya algae. Ubuzima bwiza (bwumwuga) buzakoreshwa hanze birinzwe mumirasire yangiza irangiye.
Ubwoko bwose bwa pulasitike biroroshye bihagije kuri bay cyangwa igikomere ku ngoma zidasanzwe. Nubwo bimeze bityo, buri mutunzi azi ko imitwe igomba gukurura nyuma yo gukorana na hose ndende kumurongo. Biragaragara, byakemuwe n'iki kibazo. Ibibyitwa notorystemystem bigufasha kwirinda ibintu byinshi. Umugozi udasanzwe urwaye cyane washyizwe mubikorwa byabantu bashimangirwa ntabwo byemerera gusezerana, kugoreka no kubuza ibibaho. Kugorora shampiyona nkiyi, biranyeganyega cyane birahagije.
Abahinzi borozi bo mu Burusiya bakora ikosa rusange, bagura intego idasanzwe cyangwa polyethylene intego idasanzwe irambira kandi bakayikoresha mu maso y'ibibanza. Bakunze kuba baragenewe gushyira inres ninsinga mu buryo busanzwe kandi bakinda ibyangiritse ku miyoboro y'ibikoresho byo mu bikoresho bya Politiki. Iyo ubuso bwimbere bukongejwe, kubarwanya amazi muri bo ni hejuru cyane, kubera ibihe nkibi bizahita bikandamira imyanda kama kandi bigakorerwa imitako ya microscopic binyuze mu mazi abaho.
Ikibazo cyo niba hari umurongo usobanutse hagati ya hose kandi umuyoboro uva mumikorere ya polymer ntukemurwe no kurwego rwinzobere ubona ko ibintu bihinduka nkana ihagije.
Umuco wo hejuru wibikorwa nyaburanga na Phytodizain, kimwe nikoranabuhanga rishya ryindabyo zitanga amazi zirimo gukoresha imiyoboro ya plastiki ihindagurika. Nibisiga amavuta hamwe nubuso bwimbere hamwe na sisitemu yuburinganire bwamazi, igomba guhinduka mugihe yashyizeho amajingi hasi. Kubutaka bwa sandy, bikorerwa muri geotextile kuyungurura, kubumba - hamwe na filteri yo hejuru kuva kuri cocout fibre, izunguruka, ikora, igakora urwego rwindege hagati yibumba na tube.
Ukurikije logique yibintu, amafungo agomba gukina imiyoboro y'ibikoresho bya polymeric muburyo bufitanye isano. Birumvikana ko clamp ya kera yakosowe muri iyo dese ikwiranye nibikwiye, ihuriro ntiririze kuruta gusudira cyangwa byabonetse nicyaha. Ariko, clamp yashizwe mubuhangana itesha agaciro igitutu cya ATM 8-10. Mubyongeyeho, hariho imyuga idasanzwe, vapters, tees, fittings hamwe nuburaro byemerera guhuza amazu hamwe no guhuza ibikoresho, kimwe nibikoresho byihariye bireba imikorere yizewe ya sisitemu yingengabihe. Kumenya gushimishije - bitewe na Moscou Centre "Centre-Plus". Ibi ni imiringa yemerera guhuza amazu hamwe nurwego rumwe rwo kwizerwa hamwe nicyuma-polymer no kongera imiyoboro ihujwe.
Amafungo yose yo gusura ...
Kubwamahirwe, ababyara murugo baracyakomeje kuvura amafungo nkigicuruzwa cyicyiciro cya kabiri. Noneho, ndetse no kubyara ibicuruzwa byiza bya Moscou Compy "imurikagurisha ryatanzweho kandi rifite ibara ryinshi ryatanzwe hamwe nibiranga tekinike ya dese no kwivanga ntabwo byerekanwa.
In - Ibinyuranyo bitandukanye kumateka yububanyi n'amahanga. Ibi bitumizwa mu mahanga bigaragazwa mubwiza bwayo bwose. Ijisho ryibara ryamabara yicyongereza, Umutaliyani, Umusaruro wa Finilande, Ikigereki, Ikidage na Turukiya ni ugushushanya ibishushanyo byibikoresho byihariye n'ibigo bitera kwimuka. Plexxos Squolmetios zirenga 400 hamwe n'ibindi bikoresho byatanzweho Polymeric .a Britifrical Compants .a. Ibigo biyobora biva mu Burayi bitanga "Centre Ard wongeyeho". Isuzuma ryinshi ryabaguzi ryabonetse muguhira amazu ya list yubutaliyani. Ntabwo ari umwaka wa mbere, umuguzi wu Burusiya yahawe guhitamo imiyoboro ya plastike na hose bikoreshwa mubice byose byubwubatsi ninganda, Ikigo cyikidage cya Unicor Rochsystemegmbh. Kumenya isoko nibindi byubudage-spitec, bitanga imiyoboro n'amazu yo mu bikoresho bya polmeric, ndetse n'ibikoresho byo gusunika no kwishyiriraho. Amateka agamije amashanyarazi ahabwa Uburusiya hamwe na sosiyete igana muri sosiyete y'Ubutaliyani.p.a. Danemark impungenge Vavin igurisha imiyoboro y'amazi n'amateka ya arrugage yo gushyira imiyoboro y'umugozi mu Burusiya na CIS kugira ngo ushire imiyoboro ya kabili imbere mu nyubako. Abakora Abanyaturukiya hamwe n'abatanga isoko bakora, impamvu yo guhatanira irushanwa ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa byabo mubwiza burenga Uburayi, kandi kubiciro biri hasi. Kubyiciro byayo, ibicuruzwa bya Turukiya ntabwo ari bibi cyane, cyane cyane kubijyanye nigiciro. Ariko, hagomba kumenyekana ko babarwa igitutu 3atm, umutwaro ntarengwa wubushyuhe ni 65c kandi ntugafate ubushyuhe bubi. Ibicuruzwa bitangwa nibicuruzwa bya Turukiya Senplastike, Firat hamwe nandi masosiyete. Mumurikagurisha ibicuruzwa bya Koreya yepfo i Moscou, byasabye ko habaho ubuzima butandukanye bwa Hoses kuva Polyestera na Polurethane kubiciro byumvikana. Ibicuruzwa bijya gusimbuza amaboko yabo kavukire, kuzunguruka akenshi byihuse kuruta undi muriro ubaye.
Ntabwo ibicuruzwa byarangiye biza muburusiya. Imwe mu mato ya mbere ya Bavariya yatangiye gutanga kugurisha no kudakodesha ibikoresho byo gukora imiyoboro n'amazuko, byateje inyungu nyinshi muri ba rwiyemezamirimo b'Uburusiya. Biragaragara, igihugu cyacu kizashira umusaruro wubwoko bwingenzi bwamateka hamwe nimiyoboro ihindagurika, ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryamahanga ryamahanga na Holic rimaze muri ikinyagihumbi gishya. Nuburyo ibintu biri mumurima wimbere nisi "hose-kubaka" no gukoresha ingofero.
Ni bangahe batwara?
Reka tuvuge mu buryo butaziguye: kabiri - bitatu birenze imiyoboro ya polymer ya diameter isa. Inyungu zo gukoresha Hose ziyemeje, ariko, ntabwo zigura ikiguzi, ahubwo ni ubushobozi bwabo. Igiciro cya 1p / m cyamazi meza, bitewe nubunini bwubunini, kuva $ 0.5 kugeza 3, Ibihe byo Gutanga Amazi biva kumadorari 3 na 47, gushyushya amadorari 3 kugeza kuri 22, na sisitemu yo kuvoma - kuva $ 3.5 kugeza 45, kumashanyarazi - kuva $ 0.5 kugeza 3.5, kumugore - kuva $ 1 na 45 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218 kugeza 218.