Icyo ukeneye gufata ibyo bicuruzwa bya kole byakorewe munzu yigihugu cyawe igihe kinini, kivuga impuguke yubwubatsi.
Uyu munsi, hafi ibikoresho byose bya byose, ububaji no kurangiza ibicuruzwa bikozwe muri kole kandi bikaraba inkwi. Amazu manini kandi meza akozwe muri kabari ka glue. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati "kole" na "gutontoma" inkwi? Ibiti byacitse, bihujwe kandi bikandamira uburebure. Ibi ni utubari, imbaho, Plint, gari ya moshi, nibindi. Kole yitwa ibiti, ihujwe kandi ikandamizwa mubugari. Ibi ni imiduka y'ibikoresho, idirishya ryidirishya, kubara, filine yumuryango, nibindi. Aya mazina ni meza, nkibikoresho bimwe byimikorere bivuye mu tubari twatontoma, kandi utubari twimbitse mu ngingo zunamye hamwe. Kubwibyo, tuzasaba manda imwe - "inkwi". Umugari wasabye umurongo ushimangira inzu y'ibiti ni igishushanyo gisubirwamo kandi kikaze.
Mbega inkwi nziza
Ubwa mbere, ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bigaragara neza. Nta bigaragara ko hagaragaye kandi igituba kibi. Ibiti bifatika ntibikunze kurega kandi mubyukuri ntibicika intege. Ikora ibice byinini: kubara, ingazi, idirishya ryidirishya, kurangiza panels, nibindi.
Ibiti bya kole bigurishwa muburyo bwingabo zuburinganire nibikoresho byubunini butandukanye. Urugero rukuru rwo gukoresha ibiti bya kole ni ukugura ibintu byintambwe no kwitera. Uyu munsi urashobora kugura byose kungufu zikozwe mu biti bya kole byimbuto zitandukanye: ibiti na pinusi; Kuva ku giti n'ivu, uva muri Lafch na cdadiri n'abandi. Hariho kandi kugurishwa, n'intambwe hamwe n'ibibuga bikiniramo, n'inkingi hamwe na baluster, kandi hagamijwe imikorere n'ibice bitandukanye. Byose - kuva kumbaho byumye kandi witeguye gukoresha.
Ubushuhe bwibiti byumye mubibanza bigomba kuba biri munsi ya 6 ... 12%, na Optimal - 8 ... 10%. Hamwe nubushuhe, ibiti ntabwo bihuye nubushyuhe-bushyushye bwo gushyuha no gucika.
Ibitazavuga ko abagurisha
Reba ibihe biteye akaga byo kugura gukata kuva ku biti byateje ibiti. Gukiza ibikoresho no kugabanya ikiguzi, abakora bakoreshwa cyane bishoboka kandi kole (yagabanutse) ndetse na lamellas yo hanze (ikibaho cyo hanze kumpande ebyiri zurugo). Umukiriya akenshi ntabwo akeka ko "zigzags" nyinshi kuva mubice byanyuma byimbaho bizagaragara mucyumba. Kubwibyo, mugihe gahunda, iki kibazo kigomba kuganirwaho mbere.
Kugabanya ikiguzi, abakora bazigama mugihe nubwiza bwibikoresho byumisha no kubwiza bwa kole, mumezi yambere yo kubaga bigaragara ahantu ho gukubitwa. Ibi biragaragara cyane kumpera yumurongo. Ibice bya glue ibiti - inenge idatitaye kandi igenda itera imbere.
Hanyuma, ireme ry'ibiti rikoreshwa mu gukora umurongo wa kole wo mu baproducer benshi, uvuga utitonze, "usiga byinshi." Nkigisubizo, dufite imifuka myinshi ntoya, tutizewe igice ndetse no gusubiza inyuma.
Kubaka inzu kuva kuri gari ya glue
Mugutumiza ibiti, kora reservation kandi ufite umutekano mumasezerano cyangwa kumugereka kuri yo (mubisanzwe umurimo wa tekiniki (mubisanzwe umurimo wa tekiniki kumasezerano) ibisabwa byose kubiti byaka). Bikwiye gutegurwa mu gitsina, ku bice bikomeye cyangwa byatoboye hanze y'icyatsi, nk'uko bigaragara mu mufuka wa resin n'ibice, kandi byerekana ko hagira ingano y'itorero mu masezerano.
Mu kwakirwa n'ibikoresho bya Komisiyo, kugenzura neza utubari twa kole. Witondere gupima ubushuhe bwibiti - Metero yubushure urushinge ihendutse kandi igurishwa mububiko bwinshi bwibikoresho.
Inzugi zifite imbaho nini cyane nyuma yimyaka 10 ikora. Bose ni NPIS!
Kubwamahirwe, ntabwo ikuze hafi yurukuta rwa ram. Hariho amahame yamashyirahamwe inyandiko zigenga inyandiko zidahari. Kurugero, ijana 77511573-01-2006 bar bar urukuta rwibiti. Imiterere ya tekiniki. Muri iyi nyandiko, amategeko yo kwakira ibiti ku ruganda agaragazwa - arashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo kwakira akabari aho wubatswe muri rwiyemezamirimo. Hariho kandi 20850-84 "ibiti byaka ibiti. Ibisobanuro rusange. " Irakoreshwa kandi guca gukata umurongo wa glue.
Insangambe
Niki gishobora guhura nacyo mugihe utumiza no gukora umunara wa coinsery nibikoresho? Indwara ya kenshi - ibice ahantu ho gukeba indwara ya gluing no gushyushya ibicuruzwa byimbaho bivamo inkwi. Impamvu isanzwe yo gucika kwabo no kurwana ni ubuhe buryo butari bwiza, butatamba kandi bukarengerwa mugihe cyo gutanga inkwi. Ubushuhe bwibiti byumye kugirango bikoreshwe mumwanya mugihe cyo gutanga bugomba kuba muri 8-10%. Ubushuhe bwo hejuru (kimwe no hasi) bushobora kuganisha ku bushyuhe - guhindura ubushyuhe, kurwana no guturika. Kubwibyo, mugihe ufata ibicuruzwa nibikoresho bivuye kuri kole, ubigenzure neza kandi upime ubuhemu bwibiti.
Saba amabwiriza yo gutanga ibicuruzwa kugirango ukore ibicuruzwa nibikoresho ibikoresho byaka.
Hariho umwanya umwe utavugwaho rumwe ufitanye isano nibikorwa byo gukora byamavuta ya kole - ubu buhebukiye mubyumba. Mu mazu yimbaho, ikirere cyuzuye kiri muri 25-35%. Ibi byuzuyemo neza abantu babamo. Mu Mategeko ya CP Station 64.13333030.011 Inzego z'ibiti. Inyandiko ivuguruye ya SUNIP II-25-80 (ifite impinduka No. . " Ibi bisabwa bihuye nikirere imbere inyubako zishyushye zifite ubushyuhe bwumutse kuri snip 23-02-2003 "kurinda amazu yinyubako".
Dukurikije iki gipimo, gukoresha ibiti bya kole kugirango ibikoresho byongere kandi byibaji mu mazu yo guturamo muri rusange ntibishoboka. Ariko muyindi nyandiko ngengamikorere igenda 30494-96 "inyubako zo gutura ndetse na rubanda. Ibipimo bya microclimate mubyumba "mu nama 3.4 byerekana ibi bikurikira:" Amagambo meza kandi yemewe na microclimate mu karere (mu bipimo byashyizweho byo hanze) bigomba guhura n'indangagaciro Yerekanwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 1 na 2. A mu mbonerahamwe ya 1, byerekana ko umwuka mwiza ufite agaciro mu kibanza cyo guturamo 30-45%. Ni ukuvuga, inyandiko zishinzwe kugenzura haruguru zivuguruzanya.
No mu bwiherero, imbonerahamwe y'umusarani yameza yumusarani kuva kumesa bidukorera kwizera nukuri
Bamwe mu bashoramari ibi bivuguruza bishimangira akazi kabo keza. Kugira ngo wirinde ingaruka z'uko kwivuguruza amahame, mbere yo gusoza amasezerano yo gukora ibicuruzwa n'ibikoresho bikozwe mu biti bya kole, bipima ikirere cyaka kandi cyerekana ubuhehere nyabwo mu masezerano. Ibi bizatera ubwoba ibiciro, kandi "abakora ubuziranenge" ntibazaba amakuru n'inzitizi ku kazi.
Uburambe ku giti cye
Twagiye dukoresha ibikoresho nibicuruzwa bitandukanye mumashyamba (inzugi, Windows, ameza, nibindi) munzu yigihugu cyacu. Ijuru ry'ubushyuhe cyane cyane ridashobora kurenga 35%. Kandi mubyukuri nta gucengera no guhambira ibiti bya gale, usibye ibibazo bimwe byo guturika kwimika yo mu nzu yingabo zingabo za kayili. Ariko twahise duhishura impamvu yibi bice - iyi ni ihumuka mugihe bakozwe hakoreshejwe imbaho zidahagije zibitswe mu kiraro.
Ikigaragara ni uko ubuhehere bwibiti ahantu hatangijwe bigera kuri 15%, kandi niba bikaba ingabo ziva muri ibyo bibaho kandi zikabireka mucyumba gishyushye - ibiti byumye kuri 8-10% kandi bizatanga agangwa. Kandi umukomata uzagaragara rwose kumuhanda uzengurutse. Niba ufite kugirango babahangane mucyumba cyo gushyushya byibuze icyumweru - ibice ntibizagaragara.
Ingingo yasohotse mu kinyamakuru "Inzu" No 12 (2017). Iyandikishe kuri verisiyo yacapwe yikinyamakuru.
