Sarudzo yemhando yeruzivo yeiyo yakadzika-yekukwira kuvaka inoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda zvine chekuita nechimiro chevhu pane iyo saiti uye yekugadzira yechivako. Dhizaini yeunivhesiti haina kuvapo, asi padyo neiyo monolitiki isina kusarudzika, iyo yakakodzera kune chero ivhu chero ripi zvaro. Isu tinotaurira maitiro ekutanga nheyo dzakadai nenzira kwayo.
Photo: Subterstock / fotou.ru
Nheyo yeSlab inopa yunifomu yekugovera mutoro kubva muchivako munzvimbo yese yekuvaka, ndiko kuti, haina kugadzikana pane tepi uye hwaro hwakatemerwa. Chigadziko chakadai chakakwana pane ivhu rakashata dzevacheche uye zvinoshamisa, kusanganisira zvinyararire - guruva uye kana ethached jecha, disces uye peatlands. Pane chitofu iwe chaunogona kuvaka dzimba dzinorema nemadziro ezvidhinha-zvidhinha, uye zvigadzikiso zvinyoro-nyoro. Asi kuti udzivise mutengo usingabvumirwe, hwaro hunoda kuchinjirwa kune chaiyo magiya uye mabasa ekuvaka.
Mufananidzo: StoneHut.
Mhando dzeSlab Foundation
Pane dzakasiyana siyana dzakasiyana siyana dzekuuraya nheyo, imwe neimwe ine yayo chaiyo yekunyorera, zvakanaka uye zvakaringana.Kureruka kuyerera slab nheyo
Icho chakatsiga uye chakanyatsonaka chakasimbiswa kongiri yemakona. Dhizaini yakadaro iri nyore uye yakavimbika, asi ine zvakashata zvakanyanya - iyo yakakura kwazvo yekushandiswa kwekongiri. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti mitoro iri kuita renziro haina kugoverwa zvisina kugoverwa. Kuti udzivise kusvibiswa uye kupaza kwaMonolith, inofanira kuwedzera gobvu raro munzvimbo yese; Munguva yekuvakwa kweiyo-mbiri-yezvidhinha zvidhinha zvezvidhinha, huwandu hunodiwa hwakakora hunogona kusvika 400-500 mm. Imwe minus ndiyo mukana wemasikati mwaka mwaka wemasikati emahwendefa anotyisidzira kukuvadza kutaurirana pasi pekutaurirana.
Chikuva chekuvakwa kweiyo slab nheyo inoenderana nedanho. Wobva wadurura jecha rejecha nebvu hwegumi kusvika pamasendimita. Mufananidzo: StoneHut (3)
Uye rubble - kwete zvisingasviki 20 cm
Kuti ubvise zvidiki zvisina kujairika, unogona kuisa pamusoro peimwe denderedzwa rejecha, undermining geotexticles pasi payo, uye tanga kuunganidza kusimbisa
Resimba rinoyerera nheyo
Chitofu chakadaro chine chidiki (kusvika pamakumi maviri emamm) ehukuru hwakazara hune simba rakanyanya, sezvo rinokudzika nembizi, iyo inogona kuwanikwa kubva pazasi, uye kubva kumusoro uye uve neimwe gadziriso. Kana iyo yekuvakwa idiki, madziro akakwana ari pasi pemasvingo ekunze uye emukati, asi dzimwe nguva anokurudzirwa kuisa mbabvu mune rectangular "nzvimbo yese yenzvimbo yacho. Nzira yakadaro inorerutsa kukwira kweganda rinopfuura). Kushanda kubva kumusoro kunoita basa rechigadziko uye kunochengetedza madziro kubva kuneta, asi kunoda nguva yakawanda; Uye zvakare, dhizaini haina kuomarara, nekuti kubatana kwemapurisa uye marara anopiwa mukusimbiswa kukuru kwekusimbiswa.
Simudza basa rekuvaka uye chengetedza pane fomuwork inobvumira zviyero zvakakosha zveL-A-yakavezwa chikamu, glued kubva pamashiti ezvinyorwa zveblysrene foam. Mufananidzo: L-Block
Kudziya kweSweden.
Chiko chikuru ndechekuti kongiri inodururwa pamusoro pegonzo remanyorerwe-chiratidzo - mashitsi ezvipenga zvePolystyrene foam ane simba re 0,25 mpa (zvichienderana nemutoro waiverengerwa). Nekuda kweizvi, ivhu riri pasi penheyo haisunungure uye frosty powered mauto haaite pane dhizaini. Iyo sweden cooker ine fins yakaderera (muInternation Layer iri nyore kuumba mendeko remubhokisi), anoshanda seyakagadziriswa pasi uye, soupa, yakashongedzwa nehurongwa hwekudziya mvura inoshandiswa kupisa chivakwa chose. Uye sezvo kongiri yaMonolith ine yakakosha thermal inermicia, saka mumba zvinova nyore kuchengetedza tembiricha yekugara ichingogara - iri muchando uye muzhizha.
Kubva pamabhokisi aya akaisa "muganho" kutenderera perimeter yemangwana ndiro. Mufananidzo: L-Block
Runodziya Plate (Uch)
| Zvakanakira | Zvinokuvadza |
|---|---|
| Inodzivirira frosty yekuvhurwa kwevhu uye nokudaro inoderedza njodzi yekupaza mumadziro emasero concrete. | Munzvimbo dzine zororo risingazivikanwe rinoda hombe-hurefu hwepasi (hwaro hwemhepo hunonyanya kubatsira). |
| Inopa nzvimbo yakakura yekutsigira ivhu, zvinoreva kuti zvishoma uye yunifomu, isina kukanganisa, iyo svutugadzike. | Izvo hazvitenderi kuronga pasi kana cellar mumba. |
| Unhu hwenyika zhinji dzeRussia Federation, kudzika kwekusununguka (1.4-1.6 m) inobvumira kuderedza iyo kongiri ne30-50% ichienzaniswa neine tete pataipi. | Varombo vakakodzera imba yemwaka. Mune ino kesi, ihwo hupfumi hwakawanda neisina-fledging (slab kana tepi) nheyo. |
| Haidi kushandiswa kweshanduko inodhura yavepo uye yakasimbiswa yechitima uye masimba ane simba, anodhonzera uye nzira dzekudaira. | Iko kuzadza kwekongiri kunofanirwa kuitwa munguva pfupi, zvinoreva kuti hakufanirwe kuita pasina fekitari inodhura. Kuendesa kunonoka neanopfuura maawa gumi nemaviri kuchaderedza simba rekusimba kweplate. |
| Iyo yakagadzirirwa neyakaipisa pasi, iyo inozivikanwa seyakanyanya kugadzikana system system. |
Kana chigadziko chezvikamu chejoini emapurati eEpps anoisa rotary uye chisimbiso (sechipingamupomeri - polyurethane glue). Zvemakwenzi akadzika, pane kudzika 20 cc. 20 cm. Pane imwe nzvimbo iyo nzvimbo, iyo ndiro inofanirwa kunge iine gobvu kanokwana gumi cm. Mufananidzo: Tehtonolikol
Nhasi, chitofu chitofu cheSweden chinoonekwa seimwe yenheyo dzakaringana dzekuvaka rakaderera. Iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvakwa kwezvivakwa kubva pamabhuruku mishonga, pamwe ne "skewers" - kunyanya pane dambudziko remubhokisi rakaoma. Zvichida chete minus yeiyo sweden ndiro chidiki chigadziko chakaderera. Nekunyungudika kwemvura, madziro anogona kutambudzika nekunyorova. Muchidimbu kukunda iyi dhizaini ichabatsira iyo gobvu, yakasimudza jecha breakeakeakeakeaker pillow.
Framer Röber Rigs anoitwa zvakasiyana uye akaderedzwa muGroove, uye imwe-mwero-grille yeiyo yakazara ndiro yakananga "panzvimbo". Mufananidzo: Tehtonol
Kuita kuti zvigadzikane mukukora kwekongiri, dzimwe nguva kumanikidzwa kwepurasitiki kunoshandiswa. Mufananidzo: "Ips"
Iyo furemu rakakomberedza waya (apo iri nyore kushandisa pfuti yakakosha). Mufananidzo: Tjep.
Kana weld. Mufananidzo: Vladimir Grigoriev / Burda Media
Iko ukobvu kweiyo kupisa-kusimbisa dura mukuvakwa kweUCP kunofanirwa kubva mazana maviri kusvika mazana mana emamm. Isu tinokurudzira kushandisa kwekunzwa kweiyo phepenti yekuwedzera Polystyriy Polystyrene Folystyrene Folystyrene Folysrene Folysrene Eco SP, iyo ine yakaderera yekubatanidza uye kusakura kwemvura, simba rakakura uye biostability; Iyo inochengetedza zvizere zvimiro zvaro muvhu kweanosvika makore makumi mashanu. Kuisirwa kwekupedzisira kwesimbe kunoitwa mumatanho akati wandei: Izvo zvinhu zvekunyepedzera kubva kuEpps vakatanga kuunganidzwa, saka mukukonzera "bhokisi" kubva mangozi yePolystyrene zvinyorwa zvekushanda. Mushure meizvozvo, iyo yekuwedzera matanda eFormal insulation inoiswa; Panguva imwecheteyo, iwo anodzokororwa abvarura mabara anoumbwa anoumbwa. Sarudzo inoshanda yeiyo nheyo slab ndeyemakura yakadzidziswa iyo inoshandura nzvimbo yekudziya pasi uye kure nechisimba. Nekudaro, iyo yese dhizaini yechivako inowana chidziviriro chakawedzerwa kubva kune chando poda. Sezvo ivhu riri pasi penheyo harisiriki, mamiriro akakwana akagadzirwawo kuti ashande yeiyo nzira yekudonha.
Valeria Lychits
Technical nyanzvi yeTechnonol Kambani
Kuvakwa kweSlab Foundation
Kuvakwa kwesimbi ine slab inosanganisira matanho akati wandei, pakupera kweumwe neumwe uyo mhando yebasa rinoitwa rinofanira kuitwa. Hatizotsanangure maitiro ese zvakadzama, asi ini ndichapindura mibvunzo yakakosha iyo vatori vechikamu.Rwo forum vanowanzo bvunzwa.
Mapipi ebonde anodziya anofanira kunge achipesana nekukuvara, sezvazvakaita mukuisa maitiro anoiswa pasi pemakaniki. Iyo sarudzo yakakwana yakagadzirwa neyekuyambuka-yakabatana polyethyle pe-xa. Mufananidzo: Stonehut (2)
Maitiro ekuverenga huwandu hwenguva uye chikamu chemuchinjiko chekusimbiswa?
Inofanirwa kutungamirirwa nezviyero (SP 50.101.2004 uye SP 63.13330.2012). Iyo nzira yakapusa inoreva kushandiswa kwemapurojekiti apedzwa ayo ane ese makuru ekuvaka mafemu. Kuti uongorore kuverenga uye enzanisa sarudzo, zvakakosha kuti ushandise zvirongwa zvecompany, sekuziva, gipro kana winbase.
Pa "Classic" Sweden ndiro, unogona kubva pakarepo kuvaka madziro nekuisa pasi pekorona yekutanga (kana nhamba yemasonry) maviri emagetsi ekutenderera kwemvura. Mufananidzo: StoneHut.
Iwe unoda kudhirowa uchitenderedza uye pasi pechitofu chehwaro?
Pamabhuruke espppy uye mafashama, zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Mune ino kesi, basa reiyo dhizaini dhizaini inoita beech yemarara ezvikamu zvikuru (20-70 mm). Iyo sisitimu ichave yakanyatsoshanda kana iyo tubular drain yakakwenenzverwa (nhanho yavo yakakwana ndeye 1.5-2 m). Drain inodiwawo kutenderera kweparutivi rwehutsinye kana chiitiko. Mvura inofanira kudzingwa mukudonha zvakanaka kana kutsika zororo; Pazasi pasi pevhu risingasviki 1 m kubva pamusoro, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa otomatiki pumping system ne pombi. Kuvapo kwekudonha kuchaderedza njodzi yevhu kusunungura pasi peimba, kuchawedzera hupenyu hwebasa hwenheyo uye kuderedza njodzi yekupaza kwechiitiko ichi.Ndiro yacho yakadururwa pasi peimba yose, kusanganisira iyo vharanda uye terrace (veranda). Kana iwe ukawedzera zvinhu izvi gare gare, mukana wekuumbwa kwekunetswa uye matsvina pakubata kwemadziro makuru.
Maitiro Ekugadzika Kwekutaurirana?
Kudiridza uye sewer pombi, pamwe neyemagetsi tambo (kana yayo yepasi pevhu) yakavezwa kana iyo cushion mudziyo unopihwa. Ivo vanochengetedzwa kubva pakukasira kukuvadza kune iyo epps layer kana tendeuka kuva zviuru zvinoverengeka zvezvinhu zvemvura. Mune nheyo, zvinokwanisika kubatanidza kune kutaurirana uye mushure mekupera kwekuvaka - kuburikidza neiyo yakashandiswa inesedlated bhokisi.
Asi dzimwe nguva monolitiki kana masonry chigadziko chakavakwa. Mufananidzo: "NYAYA 47
Zvinoita here kuvaka hwaro hweslab mumwaka unotonhora?
Izvi zvinogoneka, asi zvinosanganiswa nemitengo inowedzera uye njodzi yekuderera dhizaini.
Concrete neChando Chinowedzera Kuwedzera ne25-40% Zvakawanda kudhura kupfuura zvenguva dzose, uye nekuvakwa kwedoro rakapfeka, pasina izvo hazvigoneke kuita chando chando, chichidhura rubles 30-100. Munguva yechando, maworks akaoma kwazvo, uye mamwe mabasa ese akaomesesa nekutonhora uye kushomeka kwechiedza.
Kudya kwemangwanani kunodururwa pamusoro peiyo yekudhirowa pilo uye kusimbisa nzira yemigwagwa. Mufananidzo: IZBA DE LUXE
Zvinoita here kuvaka nheyo slab kubva kumahombekombe?
Chete kune chivakwa chidiki chehupfumi zvinangwa. Kana isu tiri kutaura nezve imba, nekuti nzira iyi inosiyiwa, nekuti kana ichidurura kongiri nezvikamu zvidiki, hazvigoneke kudzivisa "kutonhora" kutonhora "kuchaderedza kugadzikana kwendima uye kupokana kwaro kune kuumbwa kwe marara. Pakapedza kongiri yapera, kupaza pakati pevakange vachisvika kwemota kunofanirwa kuve kwemaawa 3-4.
Iko kune inokodzera kuita kureba kwe1-1.5 m nezvimedu nehurefu hwe1-1.5 m kuti udzivise kupaza. Mufananidzo: IZBA DE LUXE
Zvinoita here kuisa pasi pekuvhara pasi zvakananga pamusoro peiyo sweden ndiro yeSweden?
Ehe, semutemo, zvinokwanisika kuita pasina kuunganidzwa. Muchiitiko chakanyanyisa, iyo yakatetepa yemusanganiswa wekuzvimiririra anodyiswa. Ziva kuti zvinodikanwa kuisa machira pane svutugadzike slab, inoitisa kupisa, senge paumbi kana dombo reti, rakakosha laminate.
Pamadziro akavhurika pamusoro pemapuranga, anoyevedza kuunganidza neanti-slip nzvimbo yakaiswa, semuenzaniso, porcelain tile kana clinker tile, bhodhi rematehwe. Photo: Subterstock / fotou.ru
3 ngano pane kusimbiswa
- Kusimbiswa kunofanirwa kunge kwakabatanidzwa, hakuna kuendeswa, sekutengesa zvinokanganisa simba resimbi. Muchokwadi, zvinokanganisa chete zvakarongedzerwa kusimbiswa, izvo zvinoita kunge zvisina kushandiswa mukuvaka mumwe nemumwe. Kukanda fittings kuri nyore uye zvakachipa kupfuura uye zvinotsanangura kuzivikanwa kwenzira iyi yekuisirwa.
- Iwe unogona kukwira zvakakodzera chero chinhu uye sarudzo zvine simba, nekuti izvo zvinongedzo zvinofanirwa kungoisa nzvimbo yekukwira kweiyo chimiro chechipfuramabwe. Zvichakadaro, maererano nemitemo yekuvaka, matanda anofanirwa kudhonzwa kune mumwe nemumwe panguva yeViscous uye Cucifm Conctions. Fallows (kureba kwavo ndeye 40 kusimbisa dhayamita) inofanira kuberekwa aine waya yesimbi munzvimbo dzinoverengeka.
- Iyo Dhivhosi yekusimbiswa haina kukosha kana iyo inodiwa yekusimbisa coefficient inoonekwa (iyo chiyero chenzvimbo yekudzoserwa chikamu chemuchinjiko kuenda kuCross-chikamu nzvimbo yekongiri yekongiri). Muchokwadi, kushandiswa kwekusimbiswa kwetete (8 mm) kunowedzera kuoma kwekuisa uye kuomesa kudzora kwemhando yebasa rakaitwa.
Sarudzo Dhizaini ye Insulled Slab Nheyo
1 - Pescograbvichy-Nya Pillow; 2 - insulation (epps mahwendefa); 3 - pombi drundu; 4 - isingazivikanwe fara; 5 - mapaipi ehurongwa hunodziya; 6 - pasi chifukidziro (tile); 7 - Drainage MeMemberi; 8 - Filter layer (geotextile); 9 - kushungurudzika kwemazwi; 10 - kunyorova kupedza kupedza. Mufananidzo: Tehtonol
Pasi rekudziya system inoedzwa mumatanho maviri. Mushure mekukwira pombi uye kudurura kweiyo kongiri slab, kutendeka kwe pombi kunoedzwa nekudzvanywa kwemvura kunopfuura iyo inoshanda 1.5 times. Iyo nguva yemuedzo ndeye maawa matatu. Sezvinoita kunze, nekusakwanisa kweHydraulic kuongororwa (semuenzaniso, nekuda kwechando), bvunzo yemhepo inotenderwa. Paunenge uchidurura mapepa emakona anofanirwa kuzadzwa nechitonhora chinotonhorera uye kuve pasi pekumanikidzwa (kushanda kana kuongororwa). Mushure meiyo kongiri, simba rinodiwa ndiye anoyera bvunzo, ayo anogara mazuva manomwe. Pakutanga, kwemazuva matatu, hurongwa hunofanirwa kutenderera hunotonhorera kutonhora kusvika 20-25 ° C. Ipapo iyo yakakwira yekushandisa tembiricha yakaiswa, iyo inotsigirwa kwemazuva mana. Munguva ino, kufanana kweanodziya-kumusoro kwematunhu ese kucherechedzwa neanotarisana neTermometer.
Sergey bulkin
Rehau Nyanzvi
Kuwedzeredzwa kuverenga kwemutengo wekuvaka kweiyo yakasarudzika slab yepasi nenzvimbo ye80 m2
Zita reMabasa | nhamba | Mutengo, rub. |
Geodesic Breaddown | Set | 12,000 |
Earthwork, mudziyo mudziyo | 32 m3 | 16 800. |
Drainage midziyo | Set | 18 000 |
Wiring yemvura uye sewer pombi | Set | 14 500. |
Kuiswa kweiyo fomuwork, insulation, kusimbisa chimiro | Set | 32 000 |
Kuisirwa mapepa ekudziya pasi | 380 POG. M. | 34 200 200. |
Kuvhiringidza, vibratetonization | Set | 26 000 |
| Zvese | 153 500. | |
Zvishandiso zvaishandiswa pane chikamu | ||
Jecha | 16 m3. | 14 500. |
Akapwanyika Stone Granitis | 8 m3 | 16 000 |
Yakapetwa bhodhi | 1.5 m3 | 3500. |
Mapaipi (PVC uye POLYPROPLELE) | Set | 22000 |
Armature (tsvimbo 12 mm uye grid 8 mm) | 1.1 T. | 32 000 |
Epps carbon eco sp 1180 × 580 × 100 | 235 PC. | 79 900. |
Strip uye inomhanyisa zvinhu | 7 500. | |
Concrete M300 | 13 m3 | 4400. |
| Zvese | 219 600. | |
| Zvese | 373 100 107. |
