Kusimudzira iyo imba yepamba, kuwedzera kutsiva mita, inosanganisira uye kugadzirisa automation yekudzivirira. Zvishandiso zvakasarudzwa zvakanaka zvichabatsira kuchengetedza imba yako kwete kubva mudunhu pfupi, asiwo kubva mumoto, kuvhenekera mwenje uye dzimwe matambudziko.
Mufananidzo: Legoni-Media
Mumakore achangopfuura, Grids Simba rakanyanya kuve rakaoma zvakanyanya, mutoro kwavari wakawedzera kakawanda. Zvinodiwa uye zvishandiso zvekuchengetedza zvakawedzera - Kuti udzorere, ivo vakauya vazhinji uye vakakwana modular circuit vabati vakaiswa pane din Rail.
Mufananidzo: ABB.
Kana iyo network isina rcd, iwe unogona kuisa iyo yakaparadzaniswa kunze ne otomatiki dziviriro, taura abb ambels nekunzwa kwemakumi matatu ma. Zvigadziko zvakadai zvakaiswa mumba yekugezera uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoda kuwedzera nzira dzekuchengetedza. Kana iyo rco ichikonzerwa, chete dambudziko racho rinodzima
Chikamu chekutanga chedziviriro - Circums breakers
Midziyo yekutanga danho rekudzivirirwa - dzinotarisirwa - kunyanya kuchengetedza intra-quartery wiring kubva kune zvinoparadza zvinokonzeresa simba riripo riripo nedunhu pfupi. Saizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kusarudza chishandiso zvichienderana nechikamu chemuchinjiko we waya uye nenzira yegeti yayo.
Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, switches dzakagadzirirwa ratidziro dzazvino kubva ku6 kusvika 32 A dzinoshandiswa; Ichi chiratidzo chinoratidzwa pane icho chigadzirwa. Inogona kuve inofungidzirwa nyore nyore kuti automata ne6 uye gumi a ishandiswe muLightweight network ine mutoro wechidiki (pashoma 1 kW kwechimwe-chikamu-phete network ye220 v). Machines 16 a akaiswa muzvivakwa kazhinji. Kwemhando dzakasimba kwazvo (semuenzaniso, iyo inoyerera mvura heater), automata 32 a kana yakawanda inodiwa.
Mufananidzo: Obi.
Dziviriro midziyo yakakwira pane din njanji inoda kunyatsobata. Special Modular mabhokisi anobatsira kuvandudza kuchengeteka uye kuvapa iyo inonaka kutarisa.
Chii chinoitika kune switch kana mutoro kune network uchiuya kune kukosha kwenhunzi? Wiring inotanga kupisa. Iyo kifaa inosanganisira kuburitswa kwekurudyi ne bimetallic ndiro. Kana imwe tembiricha yasvika, inokanganisa iyo yakavharwa svutugadzike iyo inoputsa kusangana. Kana iyo mutoro zvishoma inodarika zita rechinomwe, muchina wabviswa munguva pfupi. Asi kana mutoro wacho wakatarisana kaviri, kuvhara kunotevera mumasekondi mashoma.
Mufananidzo: Legoin-Media
Kudzima network panguva pfupi yedunhu, kumwe kusunungurwa kunoshandiswa - electromagnetic. Inodzima zvazvino nguva dzinenge pakarepo - pamamirimita. Panguva ino, ipfupi redunhu razvino riripo iri pasi pemuchina - nezviuru zvemamipi. Mhando dzeimba dzeMotokari dzinowanzogadzirwa kuti dziwedzere kupfupi dunhu riripi razvino ye4500 kana 6000 A. Kana yakakwira, kusunungurwa hakuzogone kutyora cheni.
Kana uchisarudza switch, kuwedzera kune yakatarwa yazvino, teerera kune rudzi rweyo kubva. Zvinoratidzwa nemavara eLatin B, C (hapana mamwe marudzi emidziyo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hupenyu) uye zvinoreva kuti iyo yakanyanya kutakura iyo iyo muchina inogona kumira pasina kusunungurwa kweElectromagnetic. Type B Midziyo inochengetwa usati wabvisa takesi 3 ... 5 yemitambo yemazuva ano, uye mhando c - 6 ... gumi macenominations. Machina Type C anoshandiswa mune zviitiko apo kune vane simba magetsi magetsi anokwanisa kugadzira imwe yekuwedzera (inonzi inonzi inogadzirisa) mutoro pakutanga.
Iwe haufanire kuedza kubatanidza zvigadziko zvese uye zvishandiso kuburikidza ne switch imwe. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti kune rimwe nerimwe boka remidziyo yayo muchina unopihwa.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvemagetsi zvemagetsi chiratidzo?
Vazhinji vashandisi havateerere kuwanzovharwa kwematunhu ematunhu, ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinowanzoitika muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kazhinji "kugogodza kunze kwemigwagwa yemigwagwa"?Pamwe, havana kusimba, usatarisana nemutoro.
Mhedziso yakadaro inoita muridzi wemba uye inoenda kuchitoro kune otomatiki ine simba - ne20, 25, uye zvirinani ne 32 A. Ramba uchifunga kuti itsinye automata isina kugoverwa nemagetsi! Uye zvakanyanya iwe haufanire kuregera iyo yekuvhara. Semutemo, ivo vanyosaina kuti chimwe chikamu chemagetsi chakakuvadzwa kana kuti hachikurire nemutoro. Kana iwe uchingotsiva muchina kune imwe ine simba yakawanda, ipapo waya yakakuvadzwa ichadziyirwa uye inodonha nekukurumidza.
Maitiro ekudzivirira zvazvino kubhururuka?
Dunhu redunhu dzinodzivirirwa dzinodzivirirwa nekirabhu pfupi uye network yakadzora.
Nehurombo, magetsi anogona kuita zvimwe zvikafu zvekudzivirira zvimwe zvishandiso.
Dziviriro kubva pakuvhunduka. Chechipiri-mwero wakambura - mudziyo wekudzivirira (uzo) - akaonekwa mumakore manomwe. XX Century Uye kubvira ipapo inoshandiswa pamwe chete munyika dzakasimukira. Kufunga mutsauko musiyano wezvemari mumucheka pasi peiyo voltage uye zero conductor, iyo RCD inogona kuona iyo inoenderera mberi pane iyo haina kupihwa nenzira (isina kwaakarerekera). Kana iyo yazvino kubhururuka (kusiyanisa iripo) inosvika kune yakapihwa kukosha, iyo RCD inokonzerwa uye yakavhurwa cheni. Nguva yekupindura inofanira kunge iri mashoma (mazhinji emidziyo yacho ndeye akati wandei milliseconds). Iyo nzira huru yekusarudza iyo uzo yemutengi ndeyekuti kuhuma kweiyo leakage yazvino (inoratidzwa pane iyo kesi).
Mifananidzo yakanyanyisa inokonzerwa neyazvino yakaenzana negumi ma. Iyo udo inogona kukurudzirwa kuisirwa mumakamuri emvura (yekugezera, sauna) kana, semuenzaniso, muchirungu. Nekudaro, chishandiso chakasimba kwazvo chinogona kuita kunyange kubatanidza zvakakwana (2-3 m) maitiro. Naizvozvo, mukati mese, zvinoendeswa zvakasikwa kuti ushandise iyo uzo, iyo inokonzerwa nekuparadza yazvino ye30 ma. Kukanganisika kwawo kwakarukwa, asi kunoonekwa kwakachengeteka kune vane hutano vakuru pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akajairika (pamhepo tembiricha uye kunyorova kwepamhepo). Asi zvakadai izvozvi zvinokutendera kuti ubatanidze hunyanzvi hune simba kune network.
Mufananidzo: B. Oris Bezel / Burda Media
Kuisirwa pane din njanji hakuzove kwakaoma. Zvishandiso zvakatemerwa uchishandisa chirimwa chemapepa. Kuregera chitubu, zvinodikanwa kunonoka (a). Kurongedza terminals. Kune iyo uzip, iyo polarity yekubatana yakakosha, hazvigoneke kuvhiringidza chikamu, kusarerekera uye kusarerekera (b)
Mashandisiro Aungaita UZO?
Iyo yekudzivirira disnnection mudziyo unoda kugara uchiita basa rekuita. Iyo yekupedzisira, zvisinei, haizooma - kamwe chete pamwedzi zvakakodzera kudzvanya bhatani riri pane iyo uzo muviri. Chishandiso chinoshamisa chinodzima uye kudzima voltage.
Kudzivirira moto. Midziyo yechitatu mwero wekudzivirira - moto-kudzivirira kusiyanisa kurodha. Muchokwadi, iwo akafanana uzo, asi ane yakakwira trigger zvazvino (mazana emiliamper). Switch akadaro yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kubva mumhedzisiro yakaipa yekukuvara kwasviba.
Semuenzaniso, pane vamwe vafundisi vakaputswa, matanda emakonzo akashaiwa simba pamatikiti echiSocket (asi anofanirwa kunge ari vanhu vashoma) - zvichiteerana, maitiro ekuita anodzora, nzvimbo yakakanganisika inotanga kudziya . Kupisa kunogona kuve kwakasimba zvakakwana uye pakupedzisira kunotungamira kune yakakura kubhururuka uye moto. Fireod misijeti switches switch inoenderana neyakafanana leak. Midziyo iyi inogona kukurudzirwa kune varidzi veimba yekare ine wiring yemhepo.
Mazinga matatu ekutanga anokurudzira kuchengetedzwa kubva kumatambudziko anoenderana nezvinhu zvemukati. Iwo anotevera maviri mazinga - dziviriro kubva kune yakaipa ekunze maitiro.
Mufananidzo: Schneider Electric
Dzimba dzedu dzine zvakawanda zvekutadza zvishandiso izvo zvinoda kuvimbika kuchengetedza kubva mukutinhira-kubvisa kukuvadza uye emergency voltage kusvetuka.
Dziviriro kubva mukuvhurwa nekupfuura. Kana panzvimbo ye210 v network yakangoerekana yashandira 250-280 v, ipapo zvishandiso zveimba zvinogona kutadza zvakanyanya. Vazhinji vagadziri, vachiziva zvinhu zvisina kufadza zvemagetsi emumba, ipa zvishandiso zvavo zvakavakirwa, asi zvakasarudzika-midziyo-midziyo (rco nedziviriro kubva mukuvhara kwemidziyo yese yemukati.
Iyo UZIP inofanirwa kuiswa muzvivakwa zvese zvine mapopoma ezvemwenje, pamwe nedzimba nedzimba dzemagetsi ekuisa simba nzvimbo iri munzvimbo inowanzothers (anopfuura maawa makumi maviri pazuva).
Dziviriro kubva kuDhipatimendi Rwakadzika. Zvishandiso zvakakodzera zvechishanu (izvo zvinonzi Ultrasound (Chengetedza sei simba remukati kubva pamigumisiro ine simba (asi kwenguva pfupi)
Sarudzo dzekusarudza dunhu redunhu zvichienderana nemhando yemidziyo yemagetsi uye chimiro chemutoro
| Magetsi ekushandisa (mudziyo) | Simba, KwT | Rated Circuit yeDunhu Rinotambuka, uye | Rudzi rwekubvisa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Firiji | 0.3 ... 0,5 | 6. | Kubva |
| Mvura heater yeyakawedzera mhando | ina | makumi maviri | Mukati |
| Mvura heater inoyerera | 6. | 32. | Mukati |
| Ko zvigadziko zveKicheni (Magetsi Ketteni, Toaster, Bakery) | 2. | 10 | Mukati |
| Mamiriro ekunze | 3.5 | makumi maviri | Kubva |
| Washer | 2,5 | gumi nenhanhatu | Kubva |
| Chitofu chemagetsi | shanu | 25. | Mukati |
Midziyo yematanho ega ega yekudzivirira inogadzirisa huwandu hwavo hwemabasa uye, neakakura, usapindirana nemidziyo yemamwe matanho. Nekudaro, vamwe vacho vanogona kuita mabasa ematanho akati wandei ekudzivirira. Semuenzaniso, pane zvinonzi zvisizvo zvisizvo, izvo zvinosanganiswa nevaparadzi vematunhu uye vakasiyanisa dunhu redunhu, izvo, zviratidzo zvezvikamu zvekutanga uye zvechipiri. Ivo vanokurudzirwa kushandisa, kunyanya, nengozi yakawedzera yedunhu pfupi pasi pano. Semuenzaniso, zvidimbu zvekunze zveans (gadheni zvigadziko nezvigadzirwa zvemwenje) zvakashongedzerwa nedhirofiti.
Midziyo yese inofanira kubatana mune yakanyanya kutevedzana, zvichienderana nekurudziro yevakagadza uye zvinodiwa zveGODA R 51628-2000 "dzimba dzekugovera zvivakwa zvekugara". Zvirongwa zvekubatanidza zvinogona kuoma, saka Jobho akapa magetsi anokwanisa.
Machina ese emazuva ano emazuva ano midziyo yakaoma, kana ichibatanidza iyo iyo polarity, yekuisa uye nzvimbo dzekubuda dzinofanira kuve dzakarurama, uye dzisingavhiringidzike, taura, tapindira. Nehurombo, iyo udo uye zvimwe zvishandiso zvinowanzobatanidzwa zvisizvo. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, udo haizoshande uye, kazhinji ingangodaro, ikakundikana. Nekubatana kwakakodzera, zvishandiso zvese zvinowanzoshumirwa "kubva pakugadziriswa".
Iko kuputsa kunowanzoitika nekuda kwe chero chikonzero chekunze. Semuenzaniso, akawandisa-dunhu rizere kana maCommunical akakwenenzverwa, anokonzeresa spark ine simba, yakafanana neyekuvhara arc. Kazhinji, imwe neimwe inokonzeresa yemuchina inoderedza zvishoma nezvishoma zviwanikwa. Naizvozvo, haufanirwe kushandisa midziyo yekudzivirira se network switches. Zvekumanikidza masimba masimba, zvakanaka kuisa switch switch switch. Kana pasina chipbozha zvakadaro, saka iwe unobvisa mutoro wese kubva kune network usati wabvisa, dzima maitiro uye kujekesa.
Imwe yengano dzakajairika - iyo uzo isingashande mune maviri-waya network (isina ivhu). Muchokwadi, kana pasina ivhu, hazvisi nyore kuisa iyo RCD, asi iwe unoda! Kana, ngatiti, mumushini wekuwachisa, chimwe chinhu chakapambwa pasina dunhu pfupi (pamutengo 220 v), kuvhiya kwaro pasina ugozove nengozi.
Sergey Akinfeev
Easy9 launch maneja, Schneider Electric
Matatu-Phae ina-module otomatiki DS203nc kusiyanisa ikozvino switch (Abb). Nominal Sensitivity: 30 Ma, 300 Ma
UZIP Easy9 (Schneider Electric), Matanda matatu + asina kwavakarerekera
Udo vd1-63 (IK), 707 rubles.
Mutoro switch (iek), 126 rub.
Hager mutoro switch (yakashandiswa, semuenzaniso, kuendesa system kubva kune network kune jenareta), zvazvino kusvika makumi mana a, 1500 rubles.
Easy9 Ratomat (Schneider Electric), 30 ma Sensitivity
Mutoro kudzora switch mune otomatiki kana manyorero maitiro (hager)
Otomatiki switches: Easy9 Series (Schneider Electric)
Na6 a (IK), 71 rubles.