Kumisikidza imba--yemhando yemhando yeiyo nzvimbo ye102 m2 uchishandisa mitek tekinoroji: Zvakanakira uye zvakashata zvehurongwa hwemhando, matanho egungano, fungidzira
Takafunga kuvaka imba yenyika, asi havazivi kuti ndeipi tekinoroji? Kana iwe usina kugadzirira kupa zvido kune nzira dzekuvaka dzechinyakare uye gore rekupedzisira remaitiro ekuvakwa kwemadziro uye kudururwa, saka chinyorwa ichi ndezvenyu.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kutaridzika zvekuvakwa kwedzimba dzenyika dzaive uye dzirambe dziri muti. Zvakakonzera Zvinonzwisisika: Kuve nehuremu hushoma, yakanaka kupisa engineering uye tekinoroji zvivakwa, huni dzinobvumira uyezve zvinobatsira kugadzirisa mabasa akawanda ekuvaka. Asi hazvisi izvo chete. Izvi zvisikwa zvinozivikanwa kumunhu kubva panguva yekufungidzira uye saka zvinokwezva zvisiri zvemakumi emakore (zvavakatanga kutaura nezvemakumi emakore (izvo zviri kutotaura nezvezana ramakore), asi havazotyi izvi izwi pane genetic level. Kupfuura zvese, kwete fashoni yemhanza inotsanangura kuvakwa kukuru munyika yese yemisha yenyika, uregei isiri imba imwe yemabwe. Ehe, kana chete muRussia! Nguva pfupi yadarika, munyori wemitsetse iyi akakwanisa kuona mune imwe yenzvimbo dzinoyevedza makomo dzeSpain, musha uri mukuvakwa, unosanganisira dzimba dzemapuranga.
Muchikamu chekuwedzera kwekuda kudiwa kweimba yemapuranga iri kukura uye huwandu hwemboro dzematongero adzivirirwa zvivakwa izvi - nhasi havasisina gumi gumi nemaviri. Imwe neimwe, yechokwadi, ine zvakanakira uye zvakashata. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti varidzi vazhinji vachangobva kusarudza tekinoroji vanotitendera kuvaka yakavimbika, yakajeka fashoni ikozvino imba yakakodzera nguva pfupi munguva pfupi pfupi. Kunyora mutengo wekuvaka zvakaderera sezvinobvira.
Maitiro Ekuita izvi? Izvo zvinodikanwa kusarudza tekinoroji yemhete imba yekuvaka imba-chivakwa. Uye zvakadai kuti zvikamu zvese zvinodiwa zvinoenda kunzvimbo yekuvaka mune yakanyanya fekitori yekugadzirira. Nezve imwe yemaitiro ayo anopihwa neBelhouse (Belarus), isu tichatiudza muenzaniso wekuvaka imba nenzvimbo ye 102m2.
Kumhanya Framework Frame
Chokwadi, vazhinji vanorangarirwa zvakanaka (uye vamwe vachiri kubiridzira) mudzimba dzechisimba, muhuwandu hwakakura hunogadzirwa munguva dzezvinowanikwa. Unhu hwezvivakwa zvakadaro zvakasara zvakanyanya kuti zviitwe (ndosaka vagari vedu vasina mhosva vakadzvanya nehuremu-slot), saka mukuziva kweveruzhinji pane rusaruro papi nedzidziso yekuchengetedza imba imba. Nekudaro, zvinokwanisika kurwisa stereotypes. Mushure mezvose, zvemazuva ano matekinoroji ekushandiswa kweiyo carrier chimiro chine zvishoma zvakafanana nekugadzirwa kwenyika zvivakwa zveNyika 60-80-HGG. HCW.Imba yeiyo, iri mumubvunzo, ndezvega, asi inoyeuchidza zvivakwa - kunyanya tekinoroji yekuvakwa, sezvo iyo yaunganidzwa kubva pamapani akagadzirirwa mumamiriro ezvinhu efekitori. Uye sekugadzirira, sepakutanga, kuderedza zvakanyanya nguva yekuungana imba panzvimbo yekuvaka uye inoderedza mutengo wayo. Asi pane kufanana uku, zvimwe, magumo. Pano iwe unoshandisa iyo yazvino matekinoroji ekugadzira uye kusika pazvipande pachavo, pamwe nekereke yavo.
Vakananga kukona yekona
Kugumisa chibvumirano uye kutanga basa kubva kune mutengi, iwe unoda zvishoma: dhizaini rekunyora, kusanganisira mufananidzo wemasangano nemapango uye zvakakwirira, zvirongwa zvepasi uye zvinodikanwa zvinochinjika. Iyi purojekiti ine siginecha yemuridzi wemba yemunharaunda ichave yekumanikidzwa kuenderana nechibvumirano. Unogona kuiwana munzira nhatu:
- Tora imwe yemapurojekiti akajairwa kubva kune webhusaiti yekambani (mahara);
- Kuraira mugadziri wekambani (mazana maviri ezviuru zvemazana);
- Kutenga mune imwe kambani.
Zvichienderana neprojekiti sketch, dhizaini uye dhizaini zvinyorwa zvichakudziridzwa, zvese zvekugadzira zvinyorwa zveimba yemberi uye nekereke yayo. Bhadhara iyo dhizaini isingafanirwe kuve mutengo wezviitiko izvi zvisati zvaitika mumutengo wezvikamu, sezvazvisingaiti kutanga kugadzirwa kwavo pasina. Inogara ichi, sekutonga, mazuva 4-5.
Munguva yekugadzirwa, kunyange maitiro enzvimbo yenzvimbo yakavakirwa-munzvimbo yakavakirwa inogona kuitirwa. Kuiswa kwezvemabhiza kunogadzira, semutemo, uchishandisa crane yemotokari. Kana mamiriro endima akadai kuti hapana nzvimbo yekuisa iyo rori crane, zvinokonzeresa magadziri pamberi pazvo, uyezve zvese zvaisanganisira mapaneru haazove nekureba kusimudza uye kuviga nemaoko.
Makorokoto anogona kutungamira kutsiva kwezvinhu zvemukati kana zvekunze kupera. Semuenzaniso, mune yekutanga gadziriso (anenge zviuru gumi nematanhatu rubles. Nekuti 1M2) pane yekunyepedzera kwekunze kweimba nekutsiva. Kana iyo facade yakafukidzwa nechero chero zvimwe zvinhu (block mobile, iyo Planst it.D.), mutengo unonyanya kuchinja.
Chii chinosanganisirwa?
Iyo nhanho yekugadzira zvese zvinodikanwa zvikamu zvinogara kunyange nguva shoma pane kugadzirwa - mazuva 2-4 (zvichienderana nehukuru hweimba uye kuomarara kwemakororo emapurazi).Maruva emadziro. Vane chimiro chakarongeka. Kutanga, kubva pamabhodhi akaomeswa akaomeswa, chikamu cheMuchinjiko che1550mm ita chimiro chacho mune icho paine kuvhurika kwemahwindo, iwo magonhi. Racks ine 560mm yekuwedzera, inoenderana nehupamhi hwesimbichi ndiro. Mabhodhi akasungirirwa nemapipi zvipikiri neanonamatira kuunganidzira (zviyero zvakadai zvipikiri zvakasarudzika zvechishandiso). Kunze, iyo yakapera simba yePanel inodururwa neyekutungamirwa pupped moisture-inodzivisa ndiro ine gobvu ye 10mm (OSB-3, Kronopol, Poland). Tevere, mahwendefa emukati anoiswa pakati pemakona; Kubva kudivi rakatarisana nekamuri, ivo vakafukidzwa kutanga neOsb-3 slab, yakafanana neyekunze, uyezve plasterboard.
Mapani anodiwa emadziro emukati anogadzirwa nenzira imwecheteyo (iyo insingaperi iri nyaya ino inoshanda seyakajeka insulation zvinhu), ivo chete vakaiswa kubva kumativi ese maviri kutanga ne OSB-mahwendefa, uye ipapo yakaoma.
Iyo tekinoroji yekugadzira mapaneru ezvikamu zvenguva inenge yakafanana, asi ivo vari kutetepuka zvakanyanya, iyo chimiro chakagadzirwa nechikamu chemuchinjiko che10050mm.
Kuti udzivirire majoini akaputsika emahara, zvisimbiso zveLabyrinth zvinogadzirwa parutivi rwavo magumo: Iyo yekuvhara kwemukati uye yekunze kweiyo imwe panonyanisira imwe, kufukidza mubatanidzwa.
Mapurazi okusuwa. Mugadziri anofonera aya node nearmarl-waist mapurazi. Vakavaita nemapuranga akaomeswa akaomeswa neyekuchinjika-chikamu che10050mm yakabatana neSimbi Wave Mahwendefa (MZP) uchishandisa mitek tekinoroji. Mapurazi anogona kunge aine dhizaini rakasiyana uye kukwirira (kanokwana makumi matatu nemashanu), izvo zvinotsanangurwa panguva yekugadzira; Iyi paramita inoenderana nemitoro iripo (yekuverenga inoshandisa chirongwa chakakosha). Iyo LATTE THEMS inofananidzirwa neyakajairika (yakasimba) ine zvese zvakanakira: Kutanga, ivo vane yakaomesesa yakakura kune idiki huremu; Kechipiri, vanoita kuti zvive nyore kuisa chirevo chinodiwa cheinjiniya mukati meiyo inodarika. Mushure mekuisa matanda munzvimbo iri pamusoro pavo, iyo yakasimba pasi kubva kumahara e OSB-3 gobvu 22mm yakaiswa. Izvi zvinopa kuwedzeredza kwakaomarara.
Stropil Mapurazi. Kugadzirwa kwavo uye kugadziriswa kunotsanangurwa nemugadziri anoenderana nemitoro iripo. Mhosva yakanyanya nyore, purazi iri cohesive neiyo msp nePlates mapuranga maviri mapuranga ane chikamu chemuchinjiko che1550mmm. Iyo yakaoma imwe, sedanda rezvipenga, lattice: yakagadzirwa nedutu rakarongedzwa huni dzakabatana negwendefa mahwendefa. Mune ino kesi, chikamu chemuchinjiko chemapuranga anoshandiswa anokonzerwa nemutoro wekuverengerwa uye dzimwe nguva zvinoitika: 15050, 12550, 10050mm. Icho chinonzwikwa kuti tekinoroji yakatsanangurwa inobvumira kuburitsa kubereka mapurazi uye matanda, ayo aungadambura spans kusvika 30m pasina imwe (yepakati) inotsigira.
Tsika yekuvaka
Taura nezve nzvimbo yekuvaka ichatanga nekukosha kwayo. Montage echikamu cheimba yeimba yakasvika panzvimbo yekuvaka ichadhura inosvika makumi maviri neshanu muzana wemutengo wavo, uye kusasanganisa kubhadhara kwemota crane. Iwe unofunga kuti zvinodhura here? Iko hakuna dambudziko - iyo kambani inopa chengetedzo chef service iyo ichaitisa mainjiniya anokwanisa. Mari yacho inenge 5% yemutengo wekiti. Unoda kugadzira zvese neako pachako - tora zvinyorwa zvinodiwa mumaoko ako uye ... Dare!
Nemigumo yekumusoro yemapepa ekugadzira madziro epasi rekutanga, ivo vakaisa mabhodhi neChikamu chechikamu che1550mm, icho chakabatanidzwa nechimiro chemapanera vane simba rekuzvidzora, nekudaro vachigadzira dhizaini (a). Insit iyo yakaburitswa yemapolymer polymer mumabhodhi anotambudza, maburi (b) akadhirowa kumberi. Pamusoro pematanho ekupedzisira akaisa masheya ane masango (b).
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Nheyo. Akapendwa paBoronbyl mirwi. Kuti uzvigadzirire, maburi akakwenenzverwa neyakajaira ye 35cm kusvika pakadzika pazasi pevhu kusunungura point (kazhinji 1.8m). Yakatarisirwa maburi akaiswa "pombi" kubva kugirazi renji yekudzivisa kunyorera unyoro kubva kongiri mushure mekuzadza kwayo muvhu. Ipapo iyo yekudzoserwa chimiro yakaiswa mumakomba (matanda mana ane diameter ye10 mm) uye akadururwa nekongiri m250.
Tevere, ivo vakareruka kongiri yakasimbiswa, kuti maTrenches akasimbiswa, akapihwa makumi matanhatu, mune iyo jecha-gravel pilo yakagadzirwa nekureba kwe40 cm (matanda ejecha uye akaenzana). Mushure meizvozvo, mumakonzo, madziro emakamuri emukati, uye madziro ayo mukati maive akafukidzwa negirazi regirazi. Iko kusimuka kwakaiswa pane kusimbisa chimiro uye kudururwa nekongiri m250. Scarlet yakazova ichishungurudza muvhu pa20cm, kukwirira kweiyo iri pamusoro-pasi chikamu ndeye 40cm.
Pakupedzisira, Roushark akaisa tambo yepazasi yakagadzirwa kubva muchikamu che15050mm. Mapuranga pamakona akadonhedzwa nesimbi yakasarudzika ribhoni.
Kuyambuka. Tinofanira kubvuma kuti nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati izvo zvisingavimbi patiri, vashandi vefirimu vakasvika panzvimbo yekuvaka apo iyo Basement yakatoiswa zvizere. Naizvozvo, isu takakwanisa kuteedzera chete matanho ekuiswa kweiyo yekutanga pasi pasi (yakaitwa maererano neiyo technology imwe). Kuperekedza chinyorwa, mumaonero edu, kwakanyatsoratidzira muenzaniso uyu kuratidza maitiro aya, saka tichazotaura nezve mumwe chete akakosha mubvunzo usina kuratidzwa mumoto.
Paunenge uchisimbisa kuwanda, mitek mirayiridzo inokutendera kuti uende nenzira mbiri: kuisa unyoro kusimbisa zvinhu kana kuyamwisa (plaster) girafu pakati pemapurazi kubva pasi. Chiitiko chinoshanda chakaratidza kuti kana imba yakavakirwa munguva yekunaya (autumn, inotsvuka), iyo ichipfuura ichipfuudza inopa unyoro mukati maro (zvirokwazvo, chero kuti pane huwandu hunodiwa hwe Ventilation kuvhurika mumababoni. Avelago insulation zvinhu zviri nani kudya kana kuiswa kunotungamira mumwaka yakaoma (nguva yechando, zhizha). Iyo inokodzera uye kubva pane iyo maonero ekuchengetedza iyo insulation kubva pakunyorova kubva kune ivhu pasi peimba. Sezvo kuisirwa kweimba kwakaitika munguva yechando (iye muridzi aida kupinda kuimba itsva yekugara muzhizha), yaive iyi vhezheni yehunyanzvi hwakaiswa.
Zvekufamba kwekutora mumapurazi, maburi akakwenenzverwa (a), uye akabva apwanya mapurazi kuti atambure nedanho re600mm. Kuti ubatanidze zvikamu zvepazasi zvemapurazi, mune yega yega spans inodarika, ivo vaive vakabatana kune mumwe nemumwe aine maviri marefu mabhuruku komuchinjika chikamu 5030mm (b). Mapurazi akasungirirwa padanda rekutambudza neine gomba re600mm (b).
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Madziro. Maitiro ekuisa kwavo zvakare kwakanyatsoteedzerwa mumifananidzo. Naizvozvo, tichagara pane imwe nguva. Muchigadzirwa cheiyo yakakora polymer tubes muPantel yakaradzika uye yakaiswa inokwira mabhokisi ezvigadziko uye switch. Sloves dzakanyungudika waya simbi yakanaka, uye pakuita kupedzisa mabasa, magedhi achangogara aine mapepa ewaya. Asi kuti izvi zvese zvakazadzikiswa, muridzi wacho anofanira kucherechedza pachirongwa cheimba yenzvimbo yenzvimbo uye anogadzira, uye mugadziri ndiye anogadzirira chirongwa chemagetsi maererano neiyi data.
Denga. Iyo tekinoroji yekugadzira dhizaini yekugadzira zvakare yakanyatsoenzanisirwa nemifananidzo, asi padenga "pie" yakaramba iri kuseri kwezviitiko. Akasika saizvozvo. Kubva pasi kusvika kuThe Rafal Matanda, iyo Utafol 110 Vapor Insulance Firimu yakasungirirwa (Juta, Czech Republic), uyezve insolation Utavek 115 ine unyoro hwekunze firimu (Juta). Pamusoro, yakamanikidzwa kupokana neanopokana, iyo perpendicular iyo iyo majasi emaswera aivhenekerwa. Mushure meizvozvo, ivo vakagadzira pasi rakasimba kubva kuOsb-mahwendefa uye kusvikira chitubu chaive chakafukidzwa nefirimu rePolyethyle. Kupisa neyekumudenga kwekubatanidza "ondulin" (oftic sa, France) yakaiswa.
Iko kuiswa kwepasi kwakaitwa neiyo inonzi Inonzi Trotch nzira: Kutanga pakati peimwe gadziriro yakasungirirwa iyo inonyungudza zvinhu "Izosun AM" (a), yakazoiswa pamusoro pezvikamu zvitatu Parox (b) Roll insulation, iyo yakanga yakafukidzwa nemuputimu uchivimbisa firimu kubva kumusoro (mu).
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Panguva imwe chete nekuiswa kwedenga remba, kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yemukati yeimba kwakarongwa. Inotakurwa nekutenda kune "fungi" ne fan yakaiswa padenga remba, iyo yakashongedzwa yemhepo mhepo inotungamira kubva kumakamuri ese. Vakavanzwa pasi pemadziro emadziro (kusvikira kushongedzwa kwemukati kwacho kwakaitwa, unogona kubvisa chifukidziro chemahara, wobva waidzosera kunzvimbo), mumapurazi emadziro uye pakati pemapurazi.
Mapoinzi e uye ne "
Zvakanakira imba yeimba iri pachena. Uyu ndiwo mukana wekuvaka mune chero mwaka wegore, uye mwero wakakwira ezviitiko. Saka, kuvaka nzvimbo ye150m2 inosimudzwa kwemavhiki masere. Panguva imwecheteyo, mavhiki 2-3 anovaka bhokisi rayo, nguva yese iri kupedzisa. Iwe unogona kuisa imba yacho nekukurumidza mushure mekupedza kwayo. Zvimiro zvechirongwa zviri nyore, zvoda kusarangarira kune mwaka wepasirese hwenheyo hunoitika nekuda kwehosi, uye secismic inodzivirira. Nehuremu hushoma hwemadziro ane zvinhu zvakanaka zvekupisa-kupisa.
Iko kukanganisa kwakawanda kweiyo skeleton system ndeimwe: Nyanzvi munzvimbo ino yeimba-chivakwa haisi yakawanda kwazvo, uye kuti imba yakanyanya kunaka, iwe unofanirwa kuziva huwandu hwenguo dzemaitiro uye uve neruzivo. Dzimba, dzakaiswa nekutyora tekinoroji, kukanda mumvuri wakakomba wekusavimbika pamatanho ematare.
Zvino nezve zvakanakira tekinoroji chaiyo. Inokwezva mukati mayo kunyanya iyo chaiyo dhizaini yekukwira nekubereka kwakanaka, pamwe nenyaya yekuti zvese zvemajinta zvekutaurirana zvinogona kubviswa mavari. Avota nzira yekunhuhwirira kweaya pasi, mune edu mafungiro, zvikanganiso hazvinyorerwe. Ehe, iyi tekinoroji iri nyore uye inopa kumhanya kwakanyanya kwebasa. Asi pakati pemapurazi, kusvinura kwebvudzi kwa150mm kwakaradzikwa, uye ivo pachavo havana kuverengerwa zvachose uye vanogona kuve "mabhiriji anotonhora."
Kushongedza kwemukati kuri nyore kwazvo. Planstboard yakafukidzwa nemadziro yakafukidzwa uye yakapendwa muchena, zvekuti vakasiyanisa necapboard uye mapurasitiki mapurasitera anotevedzera dombo remvura. Matanho uye kusungira kwematanho ndeimwe pasi inobata toni (latonate).
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Nomuzvarirwo, mitek neBelhouse nyanzvi dzinoziva nezvekupfupikisa uku uye kuti ubvise, kugadzirisa tekinoroji yekuvaka yekuvaka. Acceme, kubva muna 2008. Akavhiringidza Shanduko Dzinotevera: Shopu-3 mashizha anovakwa kubva pasi, uye mushure mekunge imba yapera, mu "ndiro" yekuvhenekwa "insulation yakavakirwa paCellulose Fiber -" Ekovatu "(" Tekinoroji ", Russia). Iyo inozadza nzvimbo kwete pakati pemapurazi, asi zvakare pakati pemakona ehupfumi. Mukufunga kwedu, tekinoroji yakatsanangurwa ndiyo yepakutanga (kunyangwe isiri iyo NOVA: "Eco-nzira" yakagadziriswa chaizvo nezvekushandisa nenzira ye "stratling" in Niche inoshandiswa pakudzoreredzwa kwezvivakwa zvekare uye Zvivakwa zvezvivakwa), uye zvakakodzera kutaura zvakasiyana uye zvakanyanyisa kutsanangurwa. Ichaona, isu tichadzokera kumisangano yekuvaka chivakwa kupfuura kamwe chete. Nditende, iye akanyatso kufanira.
1. kure neTestarce ................................................................................................
2.n0 ............................................... 1,3M2
3. Ziso rakaparadzana ..................................................... .. 4,9m2
4. Guest .........................................................................................,6m2
5. Iyo Gosh ................................................................................ 10,9m2.
6.Sanzel ....................................................... 3,1m2
7.Tembere ......... 1.8m2
8.Kunny-yekundira imba .........................................................................,2m2
9.Teras ................................................................................................ 6,2m2
1. chiitiko .....................................................,2m2
2. Vana ....................................................... 10,6M2
3. Zuva ............................................................................................................................................
4. Sanzel ....................................................................... ..
5.Balcon .................................................................................................................
6.cheka
Kuverenga kwakakuriswa kwemutengo * kuvakwa kweimba nenzvimbo yakazara ye 102m2, yakafanana neyakatumirwa
| Zita reMabasa | Nhamba ye | mutengo, rub. | Mutengo, rub. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chinyorwa chehungamo | 18M3. | 4000. | Makumi manomwe |
| Kuunganidza madziro emadziro uye zvidimbu | 115m2. | 770. | 88 550. |
| Vakai kuyambuka nemarara | 100m2. | 315. | 31 500. |
| Kudziya uye kusimbisa kwejasi uye kudarika | 220m2. | 120. | 26 400. |
| Kuungana zvinhu zvedenga zvine crate mudziyo | 120m2. | 220. | 26 400. |
| Imba yedenga | 120m2. | 200. | Zviuru makumi maviri nezvina |
| Kuisirwa kweiyo drain system | set | - | 15,000 |
| Kuzadza iyo yakavhurika nemawindo emabhawa | set | - | 17 000 |
| Zvaita Beaves, Svezov | set | - | 18 000 |
| Kupedzisa madziro echikamu | 180m2. | 650. | 117,000 |
| Kutarisana nemisodzi | 500m2 | 470. | Zvitatu |
| Zvese | 670 850. | ||
| Zvishandiso zvaishandiswa pane chikamu | |||
| Kongiri 250. | 18M3. | 4100. | 73 800. |
| Simbi Fittings, Pergamine, Wire, zvipikiri | set | - | 35 400. |
| Dombo rakapwanyika, jecha | 6m3 | - | 7500. |
| Kukwirisa seti yeimba | set | - | 859 500. |
| Hardware, Fasteners | set | - | 27 500. |
| "Ondulin" | 120m2. | 160. | 19 200. |
| Sawn Timber | 8m3 | 6500. | 52,000 |
| Steam, mhepo uye mafirimu emvura | 220m2. | - | 6000. |
| Sydraage System (Tube, chute, ibvi, clamp) | set | - | 22 950. |
| Soko mukiti | 40m2 | 410. | 16 400. |
| Window zvidhinha zvine kaviri kupenya | 14,2m2 | - | 63940. |
| Kutsigira pasi pebwe | 180m2. | 810. | 145 800. |
| Kupenya | 160m2. | 450. | Makumi manomwe |
| Plasterboard pepa, chimiro | 340m2. | 630. | 214 200. |
| Zvese | 1 616 190. | ||
| * - Kuverenga kunoitwa pasina kana kuenderana neye pamusoro, kutakura uye zvimwe zvakabhadharwa, pamwe nekubatsirwa kwekambani |
Editors yekutenda Belhouse yekubatsirwa mukugadzirira zvinhu.